What the HHST Will Do

Transcription

1 Healthy Homes Screening Tool (HHST) We wish to acknowledge the assistance of Jane Nickert from the City of Detroit Department of Health and Wellness Promotion, Robert Scott from MDCH, and many work-study students who helped with this survey What the HHST Will Do The Healthy Homes Screening Tool (HHST) will: Examine the health risks in surveyed homes by assessing the presence of a wide range of risk factors that may increase the potential for sickness, injuries, and death among a home s inhabitants. Provide a consumer and paraprofessional screening tool as a companion to the Healthy Homes Rating System (HHRS). Evaluate differences in resident responses regarding health and safety hazards in comparison with actual findings determined through the HHRS

2 HHST Targets & Versions The first version of the HHST was used for face-to-face interviews with residents at the door. The second version of the HHST is being used by nonhousing professionals to make observations about the household.* A third two-page version of the HHST is currently being developed to be used by non-housing professionals and paraprofessionals to make observations within the home. *Residents are being given the option of allowing non-housing professionals into the home to make observations or to complete the survey by a face-to-face interview at the door HHST vs. HHRS The HHST is a screening tool intended for use within households by paraprofessionals and others. The HHRS is a system of assessment of hazards and the potential effect of conditions to be used by trained housing professionals. [1] [1] Healthy Homes Rating System Operating Guidance

3 Healthy Homes Risks Asthma/Allergy In homes where allergens are present, including dust mites, cockroaches, mold, furry pets, tobacco smoke, air fresheners, and certain chemicals, children may experience severe and frequent asthma attacks from high airborne concentrations of these allergens. [1] Moisture/Water Damage Moisture and water damage can cause mold and fungus growth, leading to the development of asthma and allergies and triggering allergic symptoms such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, eczema, cough and wheeze. [2] Lead Lead-based materials, such as lead-based paint and water pipes, can cause lead poisoning and have toxic effects on the nervous system, cognitive development and blood production. [2] [1] National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - [2] Healthy Homes Rating System Operating Guidance Healthy Homes Risks Housing Characteristics: House Overall housing conditions such as excess noise, risk of entry by intruders, lack of adequate living space, improper food preparation appliances and lack of proper personal hygiene and sanitation facilities can have multiple negative physical and psychological impacts on residents. Housing Characteristics: Stairs Falling on stairs can be caused by poor structural condition, inadequate lighting and absence of handrails, leading to bruising, fractures, head, brain and spinal injuries and even death. [1] Housing Characteristics: Bath Falls within a bath can be caused by lack of slip-proof surfaces and grab bars, often resulting in cuts or lacerations, swelling or bruising, or fractures. [1] Housing Characteristics: Fire/Electrical Smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, multiple exits and fire exit strategies can help to reduce the risk of death by burns or gas or smoke inhalation in the case of a fire. Exposed wiring and improperly vented appliances can increase the risk of fire and electrical shock. [1] Healthy Homes Rating System Operating Guidance

4 Carbon Monoxide Healthy Homes Risks Improperly vented gas appliances such as dryers and stoves can lead to increased levels of carbon monoxide, leading to headaches, dizziness, weakness, nausea, confusion, disorientation, fatigue, and even unconsciousness and death. [1] Poisoning: Other Substances such as medication, pesticides, cleaning products and others can be potentially hazardous to children especially if stored in accessible locations. Radon Significant exposure to ionizing radiation can damage DNA and cause genetic mutation. [1] Because radon is a gas, it can leak into homes through the basement or crawl space, cracks in concrete floors and walls, floor drains and sump holes, or through well water. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that radon is the number one cause of lung cancer in non-smokers, responsible for as many as 21,000 cancer deaths each year. The combination of smoking and the presence of radon in the home can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer. [1] Healthy Homes Rating System Operating Guidance HHST Target Area Working from west to east, the northernmost boundary from Linwood to Woodward is Webb/Woodland. From Woodward to Oakland it is Holbrook, and from Oakland to I-75 it is Clay. Working from north to south, the easternmost boundary from Atkinson to Holbrook is Woodward. From Holbrook to Clay, it is Oakland, and from Clay to Mack it is I-75. The southernmost border, from west to east, is West Grand Blvd between Linwood and 14 th. From 14 th to Rosa Parks Blvd, it is I- 94. Between Rosa Parks Blvd and Trumbull, it is Grand River, and between Trumbull and I-75 it is Mack/Martin Luther King Blvd. Between Atkinson and West Grand Blvd, the westernmost boundary is Linwood. Between West Grand Blvd and I-94, it is 14 th, and between I-94 and Grand River, it is Rosa Parks Blvd

5 Smoking Does anyone in your home smoke? Does anyone in your home smoke? n= % % n= % % 0.2% Smoking Number of people who smoke Number of people who smoke % 1 n=5 26.3% 2 n= % 2 n=9 47.4% % 3 n=3 15.8% 4 4.8% % n= % % %

6 Fire/Burns Are smoke detectors present in your home? n= % 0.3% 76.3% Are smoke detectors present in your home? n= % 1.7% n=6 88.1% Is a fire extinguisher present? n= % % 42.9% Is a fire extinguisher present? n= % 57.6% 39. Does your family sleep with the bedroom doors closed? n=335 n= % n=4 49.5% 49.9% Does your family sleep with the bedroom doors closed? n= % % Fire/Burns Are there multiple exits from the building in the event of a fire? Has everyone in your household discussed how to get out in case of a fire? 96.3% n=670 n=57 Are there multiple exits 3.7% from the building in the 1.7% 6 0. event of a fire? 21 n=63 2.1% n=4 33.5% 64.4% Has everyone in your household discussed how to get out in case of a fire? n= % 98.3% 73.6%

7 Fire/Burns Do you use any appliances other than a furnace to provide heat? (wood stove, fireplace, space heater) Do you use any appliances other than a furnace to provide heat? (wood stove, fireplace, space heater) % % n= % n= % 0.3% 1.7% Fire/Burns Are the following hot surfaces accessible to children? Are the following hot surfaces accessible to children? Radiators n= % Radiators % Pipework that serve hot water to taps and water tanks n= % Pipework that serve hot water to taps and water tanks Pipework between Radiators % Pipework between Radiators n=9 24.3%

8 Poisoning Are the following items stored out of the reach of children? Are the following items stored out of the reach of children? Medications n= Medications n=38 78% Cleaning Products Garden Supplies n=515 n= % 82.5% Cleaning Products Garden Supplies n=36 n=32 73% 74% Pesticides n= % Pesticides n=33 75% Falls Are all stairs in good condition? n=607 n= % 0.1% 86. Are all stairs in good condition? n=55 3.5% 96.5% Are there handrails present in all stairways? Do you have working lights above or near all stariways? n= % 0.1% n=625 n= % % 88.3% Are there handrails present in all stairways? Do you have working lights above or near all stariways? n=54 6.9% n=4 n=57 1.7% 93.1% 98.3%

9 Falls Are grab bars present in bathtub(s) and/or showers? Is there a slip-proof surface in bathtub and/or showers? % n= % 0.1% n= % n= % 0.1% Are grab bars present in bathtub(s) and/or showers? Is there a slip-proof surface in bathtub and/or showers? 5 n=41 n= % 73.2% 55.4% 44.6% Asthma/Allergies Have any persons living here (under 18) been told by a doctor or other medical professional that they have asthma? 00 n= % n=6 20.5% 78.2% Have any persons living here (under 18) been told by a doctor or other medical professional that they have asthma? n=9 23.7% % Have any adults living here been told by a doctor or other medical professional that they have asthma? 97 n= % n=8 27.9% 71. Have any adults living here been told by a doctor or other medical professional that they have asthma? 8 n= % 69.5% Do any of the persons living here have chronic problems breathing? % n= % 77. Do any of the persons living here have chronic problems breathing? 8 n=

10 Asthma/Allergies Would you say [this person] limits [his/her] usual activities due to asthma? Would you say [this person] limits [his/her] usual activities due to asthma? t at All % t at All % A Little n= A Little % A Moderate Amount n= % A Moderate Amount 6.7% Alot % Alot n=4 13.3% Asthma/Allergies Do you have any of the following pets living in your home? Do you have any of the following pets living in your home? Dogs Dogs % Cats % Cats % Birds 1.6% Birds

11 Asthma/Allergies Do you use the following air freshener products in your home? Do you use the following air freshener products in your home? Candles n= % Candles n= % Incense % Incense % Plug-Ins n= % Plug-Ins % Asthma/Allergies Do you use the following cleaning products in your home? Do you use the following cleaning products in your home? Bleach n= % Bleach n= % Lysol n= % Lysol n= % Pine-Sol % Pine-Sol n= %

12 Mold/Water Damage Has water leaked into your home from outdoors in the past year? (exclude plumbing or other inside leaks) 65 n= % 37.4% 62.3% Has water leaked into your home from outdoors in the past year? (exclude plumbing or other inside leaks) 0 n=38 1.7% 33.9% 64.4% Have there been water leaks in the house from INSIDE the building in the past year? 25 n= % 31.8% 67.5% Have there been water leaks in the house from INSIDE the building in the past year? 2 n=34 5.1% 37.3% 57.6% n=5 n= Mold/Water Damage Have you seen mold in your home? Have you smelled mold in your home? % n= % n= % % n=5 82.3% 82.7% Have you seen mold in your home? Have you smelled mold in your home? n= % 1.9% % n= % 5.6% n=

13 Pests Is there visible evidence of the following in or around your home? Is there visible evidence of the following in or around your home? Mice/Rats % Mice/Rats % Insects % Insects % Bed Bugs 6. n=42 Bed Bugs n=8 13.6% Cockroaches 5.1% n=36 Cockroaches n=6 10.2% Pests If yes to any of the above, do you use pesticides to get rid of or prevent them? If yes to any of the above, do you use pesticides to get rid of or prevent them? % % % 0.5%

14 Lead Poisoning (If children present) Have your children been tested for lead poisoning? % % 49.3% (If children present) Have your children been tested for lead poisoning? % 57.6% Is there chipping or peeling paint inside or outside of your home? n= % 59.1% 40.7% Is there chipping or peeling paint inside or outside of your home? n= % 42.4% Was your house built before 1978? n= % n=35 3.4% % Was your house built before 1978? n=37 n=8 n=9 14.8% 16.7% 68.5% Entry by Intruders Do all your windows have locks? % 83.9% Do all your windows have locks? n=50 n=9 15.3% 84.8% Do you have deadbolts on all your external doors? 61 n= % 82.6% Do you have deadbolts on all your external doors? n= % 82.8%

15 Carbon Monoxide Do you have a carbon monoxide detector in your home? 83 n= % 58.8% Do you have a carbon monoxide detector in your home? 5 n= % 55.9% Are they working? 76 n= % 84.4% Are they working? 4 n=4 14.3% 85.7% Carbon Monoxide % n=5 62 n= % n=9 1.1% n=3 0.8% 0.4% 0.4% How many? (Carbon Monoxide Detectors) 7.8% 23.9% 60.5% n=5 n=3 4. How many? (Carbon Monoxide Detectors)

16 Carbon Monoxide Is an unvented gas stove used in the home? % n= % n=5 83.9% Is an unvented gas stove used in the home? 5 n= % 74.6% Is an unvented gas fireplace used in the home? 7 9.2% % 89.7% Is an unvented gas fireplace used in the home? n=5 8.6% n= % Was your furnace inspected in the past year? n= % 41.2% Was your furnace inspected in the past year? % 55.6% 42.2% Radiation Do you know what radon is? Has any work been done on your home to reduce the level of radon? 14 n=73 3.1% n=6 4.5% 83 5 n= % 37.8% 59.1% 84.2% Do you know what radon is? Has any work been done on your home to reduce the level of radon? n= % % 32.2% 60.7% 39.3%

17 Crowding & Space Does your home include a recreation space? 49 n= % 77.6% Does your home include a recreation space? n= % 76.3% Is it fenced in or wellguarded? 26 n= % 73.3% Is it fenced in or wellguarded? n= % 73.1% Is the space visible from the home? % 84.4% Is the space visible from the home? n= % 79.6% Crowding & Space Are all bedroom doors working? 86.8% Are all bedroom doors 65 n= % working? 14.8% 5 n=8 85.2% Do all bedroom doors have locks? n= % 64.2% Do all bedroom doors have locks? 2 n= % 59.3% Are all bathroom doors working? % n=8 95.9% Are all bathroom doors working? n=58 1.7% 98.3% Do all bathroom doors have locks? 06 n= % 44.2% Do all bathroom doors have locks? n= % 38.6%

18 ise Is your home located near an airport, major highway, or train station? Is your home located near an airport, major highway, or train station? % n= % n= % % Food Safety Does your kitchen include the following appliances/amenities? Does your kitchen include the following appliances/amenities? Refrigerator 98.4% Refrigerator 89 n= Freezer % Freezer n= Oven % Oven n= % Sink % Sink n=

19 Water Supply Does your home have running water? % 99.5% Does your home have running water? n= Are both hot and cold water options available? Are both hot and cold water options available? n=58 1.7% 98.3% Electrical Hazards Is all the wiring in the finished areas of your home concealed either in walls or behind metal coverings? Is all the wiring in the finished areas of your home concealed either in walls or behind metal coverings? n= % n= % % n=9 15.3% 0.1% 1.7%

20 Electrical Hazards Have you experienced any problems with your major appliances (stove, furnace, etc.) over the past year? Have you experienced any problems with your major appliances (stove, furnace, etc.) over the past year? n= % % % n= % Next Steps The Center is in the process of piloting a grant from MDCH to work with health professionals and others to prepare a one-page version of the HHST, pilot it, and identify steps for its implementation as part of regular home visitation processes

21 Center for Urban Studies Lyke Thompson Director (313) Ramona Washington Research Assistant (313) Angie Sarb Research Assistant (313)