IN THE MARINE INDUSTRY

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Arthur Foster
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1 H E A T E X C H A N G E R S BULLETIN NO. TIS-108A PRIME SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGERS PLATE & FRAME HEAT EXCHANGERS ALL-WELDED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS IN THE MARINE INDUSTRY THE heat transfer people H E A T E X C H A N G E R S

2 TRANTER BRINGS EFFICIENCY AND RELIABILITY TO THE MARINE INDUSTRY Excellent efficiency and flexibility...optimum heat transfer... minimal maintenance.

PLATECOIL PRIME SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGERS A multitude of design configurations and over 300 different sizes make PLATECOIL units ideally suited for a variety of applications in the marine industry.

2 2 TRANTER BRINGS EFFICIENCY AND RELIABILITY TO THE MARINE INDUSTRY Excellent efficiency and flexibility...optimum heat transfer... minimal maintenance...these are critical needs today in the marine industry. Tranter provides these benefits and more, with PLATECOIL and heat exchangers that are standards for the industry. PLATECOIL PRIME SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGERS A multitude of design configurations and over 300 different sizes make PLATECOIL units ideally suited for a variety of applications in the marine industry. They offer versatility in providing the heating and/or cooling required for various applications in the industry. The design flexibility of units makes them ideally suited for a wide variety of shipboard cooling and heating applications. Typical requirements involving central cooling systems, or those handled directly with seawater include: Engine jacket water coolers Engine piston water coolers Engine lube oil coolers Reduction gear lube oil coolers Fresh water coolers Auxiliary fresh water coolers Generator engine coolers Bow and stern thruster engine coolers Reefer (refrigeration) condenser coolers Outstanding performance in satisfying heating requirements is provided by units for: Fuel oil heating Lube oil heating (for cold starts) Fresh water heating with steam Preheating seawater for conversion to fresh water Jacket water heating for in-port operations to aid in cold starts PLATECOIL units are perhaps best known as immersiontype, in-tank or as clamp-on heaters for maintaining product temperatures in tanks. Their use goes far beyond these applications, however, and includes designs for custom-engineered processing equipment. PLATECOIL units can be fabricated from most weldable metals including carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, Monel, nickel and various special corrosion-resistant alloys. Surface finishes are available in great variety to minimize fouling and reduce maintenance. PLATE & FRAME HEAT EXCHANGERS Plate and frame heat exchangers provide a more efficient and cost effective means of heat transfer than old, traditional shell-and-tube exchangers. This is particularly true in the marine industry. plate and frame units are the best choice because they give you: (1) higher U values typically 3 to 5 times greater than shell-and-tube; (2) a unique turbulent flow design resulting in lower fouling; (3) closer temperature approach capability of less than 2 F, compared to the typical 10 F or higher with shell-and-tube; (4) space savings of 50% to 90% over shell-and-tube; (5) expandability and easy servicing, and (6) immediate availability, since they are made in the U.S. MAXCHANGER ALL-WELDED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS Where space is at a premium, or gasket limitations prevent the use of a unit, the compact all-welded MAXCHANGER unit may be the best solution to many marine applications.

ships the same size are the largest containerships ever built in the U.S.

Large units use seawater to cool the ship s central fresh water system. See schematic #1.

The instantaneous heating ability of units makes them ideal for pre-heating diesel engine jacket water

units are very effective, either using fresh water with stainless steel plates, or seawater with titanium

units effectively cool steam condensate from various heating applications for heat recovery, and to

3 3 UNITS IN SERVICE ABOARD U.S. CONTAINERSHIPS The 860-foot containership M/V President Lincoln and its two sister ships the same size are the largest containerships ever built in the U.S. Nine units provide efficient heating and cooling in its engine room. Large units use seawater to cool the ship s central fresh water system. See schematic #1. The ship s main propulsion diesel engines require jacket water cooling with seawater. See schematic #4. The instantaneous heating ability of units makes them ideal for pre-heating diesel engine jacket water prior to start up. See schematic #5. Lube oil for diesel engines requires cooling. units are very effective, either using fresh water with stainless steel plates, or seawater with titanium plates. See schematic #6. units effectively cool steam condensate from various heating applications for heat recovery, and to prevent its flashing. See schematic #7. THIRD-PARTY TESTING AND CLASSIFICATIONS plate and frame heat exchangers are supplied in full compliance with the following agency codes and specifications as required: American Bureau of Shipping U.S. Coast Guard Shock testing per MIL-S-901C (U.S. Navy) Vibration testing per MIL-STD (Ships) ASME U stamp per Sec. VIII Div. 1 DNV (Det Norske Veritas)

4 4 TYPICAL MARINE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS UNITS CENTRAL FRESH WATER COOLER Large units are in service using seawater to cool the ship s central fresh water system. Titanium plates provide corrosion- resistant, trouble free exchanger service. Large containerships use this centrally cooled fresh water for 15 other cooling requirements. 1 Fresh Water Storage Tank Desalination Unit To Various Use Points HEATING SHIP SERVICE WATER Hot water, required for showers, galleys, etc., aboard ship, can be very effectively heated with steam by use of units. Saturated steam at up to 120 psi (350 F) can be used with EPDM gaskets. The heat transfer rates average about 1200 Btu/hr sq ft F for this duty, resulting in a very compact unit. 2 Boiler Desalination Unit Hot Water Storage Tank To Various Use Points COOLING DEMINERALIZED WATER/GLYCOL FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC GEAR 3 Control Cabinet Critical electronic gear and radar/sonar control systems are typically cooled by circulating demineralized water or demineralized water/glycol solutions through the equipment. units with titanium plates can safely use seawater as a coolant. Shell-and-tube units with Cu-Ni tubes are being replaced by exchangers with the more corrosion-resistant titanium plates. Water/Glycol Coolant Radar COOLING MAIN ENGINE JACKET WATER WITH SEAWATER 4 Ships with diesel engines for main propulsion and/or electrical generation require jacket water cooling. provides a natural coolant in ample supply. It is increasingly used for this purpose in conjunction with plate and frame heat exchangers utilizing titanium plates. Their reliability and compactness are proven advantages. Diesel Engine

5 5 HEATING MAIN ENGINE JACKET WATER FOR COLD STARTS 5 units are in service for occasional use when needed to preheat large diesel engine jacket water prior to start up. Steam is the usual heating medium, and the instantaneous heating ability of units makes them ideal for this service. Boiler Main Engine COOLING MAIN ENGINE LUBE OIL WITH FRESH WATER 6 Lube oil for diesel or gas turbine engines requires cooling and plate and frame heat exchangers are effective oil coolers. Fresh water often is used for cooling with stainless steel plates in the exchanger. Alternately, with titanium plates, seawater can be used as a coolant. Large ships using this method of lube oil cooling have been in service for several years. Fresh Water Main Engine HEAT RECOVERY FROM HOT CONDENSATE Steam condensate from various heating applications will generally flash unless cooled. heat exchangers are widely used for this purpose both on shore and aboard ship. The system can be a heat recovery arrangement whereby the seawater used for cooling is preheated, and is processed on to the desalination unit. 7 Various Use Points Steam Desalination Unit Condensate Boiler NOTE: THE DIAGRAMS SHOWN ARE PURPOSELY BRIEF: NO ATTEMPT HAS BEEN MADE TO SHOW ALL THE VALVES, PUMPS, CONTROLS, ETC., THAT MAY BE REQUIRED. IN MOST SYSTEMS, ALL PIPING ACTUALLY IS FROM THE FIXED FRAME. THIS FACILITATES OPENING THE UNITS, WHEN REQUIRED, WITHOUT DISASSEMBLING PIPING.

6 6 TYPICAL MARINE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS MAXCHANGER UNITS The MAXCHANGER all-welded plate heat exchanger is especially effective in a number of marine applications, particularly where space is at a premium. or gasket limitations prevent the use of a unit. The MAXCHANGER unit is available in 12 and 24 lengths, with numerous alternate fitting locations and mounting configurations for added flexibility. It can be designed for pressures up to 600 psig and temperatures to 1200 F. Available materials are 316LSS, titanium, Hastelloy, C-20-Cb-3, nickel and Monel. Efficiencies achieved in a MAXCHANGER unit are comparable to a plate and frame heat exchanger. If cleaning of the unit is required, it must be done chemically; the unit cannot be disassembled due to the welded construction. LUBE OIL COOLING FOR GAS TURBINE POWERED SHIPS 1 MAXCHANGERS in Parallel Lube Oil Three MAXCHANGER units in parallel effectively cool engine lube oil. The advantage to this configuration is that the lube oil heat exchanger loop never needs to be opened. Cleaning is performed only on the seawater gasketed plate heat exchanger where bio-fouling can occur. Fresh Water PLASTIC WASTE DISPOSAL 2 Hundreds of compact MAXCHANGER titanium units are installed on ships to comply with new legislation prohibiting the dumping of plastic waste in the ocean. The MAXCHANGER unit is used to cool a circulating water loop which solidifies the plastic waste once it has been melted and compressed. is the cooling media so titanium construction is necessary. Lightweight, small space requirements, and no maintenance are features that sold MAXCHANGER units in this application. Melt Unit Fresh Water MAXCHANGER

7 PLATECOIL UNITS HEATING CRUDE OIL CARGO 1 PLATECOIL units are installed in a number of cargo tanks on ships.

of heating surface, and has lower installation cost than for pipe coil.

Formed to the diameter of, and fastened to, the firing tubes, they closely control the temperature of the solid propellant.

7 7 PLATECOIL UNITS HEATING CRUDE OIL CARGO 1 PLATECOIL units are installed in a number of cargo tanks on ships. They use 200 psig steam to heat crude oil cargo from 93 F to 100 F in 24 hours before unloading. Each 70D PLATECOIL unit provides 32.5 sq. ft. of heating surface, and has lower installation cost than for pipe coil. TEMPERATURE CONTROL ON MISSILE TUBES 2 Tens of thousands of these stainless steel PLATECOIL units are serving successfully with the Missile Submarine Fleet. Formed to the diameter of, and fastened to, the firing tubes, they closely control the temperature of the solid propellant. RAMP DE-ICING 3 PLATECOIL units have been used beneath deck ramps on board ships to prevent icing during cold weather. Single embossed PLATECOIL units are attached to the underside of the deck ramp with hot ethylene glycol circulated as the heating media. RECOVERING SPILLED OIL Recovering spilled oil is an important job which is made easier with PLATECOIL prime surface heat exchangers. They heat heavy recovered crude oil to facilitate pumping out of the hold. Banks of PLATECOIL units are economical to install and maintain. 4 Boiler Thermal Oil or Steam PLATECOIL Bank Heated Tank For Recovered Oil Spills

8 8 OUTPERFORMS SHELL-AND-TUBE heat exchangers require much less space than shell-and-tube units. They can pack greater than 20,000 sq. ft. of super efficient heat transfer surface in a single unit with flow rates up to 25,400 gpm. They provide greater flexibility; are more easily cleaned; experience much less fouling; have no interleakage; are lighter in weight; and cost less. Most importantly, however, units do a more efficient job of transferring heat in most applications, due in large measure to the turbulent flow created by the corrugated patterns of their plates. For a side-by-side comparison between plate and frame heat exchangers and shell-and-tube exchangers, the charts below show the difference in dimensions and comparative performance data for two units in an identical application. PLATE AND FRAME HEAT EXCHANGER High efficiency U values 3 to 5 times greater than shell-and-tube; often greater than 1,000 Btu/ft. 2 hr. F Uses only 10% to 50% of shell-and-tube space Easy disassembly just loosen bolts Lower cost when stainless steel or higher grade of material is required Low fouling due to corrugations and inherent turbulence Variable heat transfer surface plates easily added or removed Low weight typically 1/6th of shell-and-tube Intermix between fluids impossible due to gasket design Inspection simply disassemble and inspect Excellent chemical cleaning due to corrugations/turbulence Maximum viscosity 30,000 cps Nominal Pressure drop low to medium Practically no heat loss no insulation required Can be designed for less than 2 F temperature approach with more than 90% heat recovery attainable Computer custom-designed sizing per application Low internal volume 10% to 20% of shell-and-tube Multiple duties possible with connecting frames SHELL-AND-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER Low efficiency Needs twice as much space to pull tube bundle Complex disassembly tube bundle must be pulled Higher cost except in all carbon steel construction High fouling due to circular cross-section and channeling approximately 10 times greater Fixed surface only High weight up to 6 times that of plate and frame Fluids can intermix, both at welds and at tube sheet Inspection difficult must usually pull tube bundle Satisfactory chemical cleaning but must be cautious of dead spots Maximum viscosity 10,000 cps Pressure drop low to medium Great amount of heat loss insulation required Typically only a 5 F to 10 F minimum temperature approach can be achieved Computer designed, but must always be oversized to be safe Very high internal volume One unit required for each duty TYPICAL UNITS DESIGNED FOR THE SAME HEAT TRANSFER CONDITIONS ITEM SHELL-AND-TUBE Surface Area 1,000 sq. ft. 3,000 sq. ft. Total Length Required Width 32 Diameter 30 Diameter Height Gross Volume 18 ft ft.3 Net Weight 1,600 lbs. 6,000 lbs. Plate and frame heat exchangers take as little as one-tenth the space required for shell-and-tube exchangers, particularly when considering the space required for tube removal. DOTTED LINE REPRESENTS SPACE REQUIRED FOR TUBE REMOVAL REPRESENTED BY: For further information on PLATECOIL prime surface heat exchangers and plate and frame heat exchangers, contact: TRANTER, inc., Texas Division P.O. Box 2289 Wichita Falls, Texas (940) Fax: (940) THE heat transfer people 10/796/ Printed in U.S.A TRANTER, inc.

FOR THE PETROLEUM AND RELATED INDUSTRIES

H E A T E X C H A N G E R S BULLETIN NO. TIS-111A PRIME SURFACE PLATE & FRAME ALL-WELDED PLATE FOR THE PETROLEUM AND RELATED INDUSTRIES THE heat transfer people H E A T E X C H A N G E R S 2 TRANTER BRINGS