Math. The latent heat of fusion for water is 144 BTU s Per Lb. The latent heat of vaporization for water is 970 Btu s per Lb.

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1 HVAC

2 Math The latent heat of fusion for water is 144 BTU s Per Lb. The latent heat of vaporization for water is 970 Btu s per Lb.

3 Math F. to C. Conversion = (f-32)*(5/9) C. to F. Conversion = C * 9/5 + 32

4 Math Fan Formulas Flow to speed = (Q1/Q2=N1/N2) Pressure to Speed2 = (SP1/SP2=(N1/N2)2 Power to Speed3 = (KW1/KW2 = (N1/N2)3 Q= flow SP= Static Pressure KW= Power N = Speed

5 Math How many BTU s must be added to 1000 lbs of water to raise it s temperature 20 degrees.

6 Math Air Volume = Velocity (Feet per minute)*csa CSA= Cross sectional Area = 36 x 36 36in = 3f 600f.min.* (3f*3f)= 600f.min.*9f.f. = 5400

7 Math Water Boils at: 100 deg. C 212 Deg F.

8 Math Specific Heat is the amount per unit mass required to raise a mass one unit quantity.

9 Math One ton of cooling equals: 200 Btu s per min. 12,000 Btu s per Hr Btu s per day

10 Math To raise the temperature of 20 lbs. of water 44 degrees.

11 Math The amount of BTU s to raise 5lbs. Of 22 Deg.F. ice to 50 Deg.F. Water

12 Physics How do you lower humidity

13 Physics Describe the refrigeration cycle and components

14 Physics Define infiltration

15 Physics Describe Latent Heat

16 Physics Describe Charles Law

17 Physics Describe Conduction

18 Physics Latent heat of fusion

19 Physics Describe Thermal Conductivity

20 Physics Define BTU s

21 Physics Describe coefficient of conductivity

22 Physics Enthalpy = heat content: (thermodynamics) a thermodynamic quantity equal to the internal energy of a system plus the product of its volume and pressure

23 Physics Super Heat: To heat a liquid above its boiling point; To heat a vapor above its saturation point

24 Physics Matter exist in three states: Liquid, Solid, And Gas

25 Physics Define Convection

26 Physics Water has a specific heat of 1; higher than just about any other substance.

27 Physics Latent heat of vaporization of steam 970 Btu s

28 Physics Define heat of compression

29 Physics Describe the parallel between applied pressure and boiling point.

30 Physics Describe the laws of thermodynamics. First second

31 Physics Define work W=F*D W = Work F = Force D = Distance

32 Physics Under normal conditions the human body is only 11 percent efficient as a heat engine. This means that 89 percent of the metabolic heat...

33 Physics Define metabolic rate.

34 Physics Define the refrigeration process: Removing heat from a known source to an unobjectionable place.

35 Physics Describe Kinetic energy

36 Physics Solids usually have a definite shape and a definite volume. A given quantity of gas will fit into a container of any size and shape but is compressible A liquid has a given quantity and size but not shape

37 Physics A combustion reaction is when all substances in a compound are combined with oxygen, which then produces carbon dioxide and water

38 Physics viscosity is the quantity that describes a fluid's resistance to flow.

39 Physics The heat of condensation: Heat to change a substance from gas to liquid.

40 physics Define fluid

41 Physics Define conductivity

42 Physics Define the laws of conservation and heat flow.

43 Physics Define the law of perfect gases Boyles Charles Daltons

44 Fans. Describe Axial fan properties

45 Fans Define velocity

46 Fans The axial fans shaf runs parallel with the air and is usually use in low differential situations.

47 Fans Know the fan laws

48 Fans Define static duct pressure

49 Fans Define CFM

50 Fans Define the expression of duct pressure.

51 Fans Define Cubic feet per minute.

52 Fans Define forward curved fans

53 Fans Define the fan laws

54 Fans Review the fan laws

55 Fans Identify the different fan wheels

56 Fan Define static pressure

57 Psychometrics Describe the properties in the psychometrics chart.

58 Psychometric Define Wet Bulb Depression: The difference between the wet-bulb and the drybulb reading when readings are taken in the air.

59 Psychometric Describe how to calculate total building heat load.

60 Psychometrics Describe how humidistat's work.

61 Psychometrics Define Relative Humidity

62 Psychometrics Define Psychometrics.

63 Psychometrics Explain the psychometric Chart A chart that shows the relationship of temperature, humidity and pressure in the air.

64 Psychometric Define Dew-Point

65 Psychometrics On a psychometric chart the dry bulb temperature run lef to right from 20 to 105 deg.f.

66

67 Psychometrics Define effective temperature: The combination of temperature and humidity that provides the same comfort

68 HVAC What is comfort: Temp Humidity Filtration Volume ventilation

69 HVAC When air is heated Relative humidity goes down, wet-bulb temp raises, but dew-point stays the same.

70 Psychometrics Cold air leaving the evaporator is at 100% relative humidity.

71 Humidity Describe the places a person may want to raise the R.H. of an area.

72 Mechanical Describe the different types of compressors

73 Describe how a compressor works.

74 A helical compressor is a

75 Mechanical Pumps move water or other liquids Fans move air or other gaseous substances Compressors move air or other gaseous substances

76 Compressors The wider the compression ratio the less efficient the compressor. Compression ratio is absolute discharge pressure divided by the low side pressure.

77 Compressors Positive displacement compressors move a specific volume of refrigerant per RPM.

78 Compressors Heat of compression and mechanical heat are added to heat transfer.

79 Compressors The refrigerant absorbs the heat of compression.

80 Compressors Describe how a centrifugal compressor works.

81 Compressors Describe open compressors

82 Compressors Describe the different types of compressors maintenance requirements.

83 Compressors Compressors are refrigerant pumps

84 Compressors Where does the heat go.

85 Compressors Describe a rotary compressor

86 Compressors Describe chiller capacities

87 The refrigerant cycle

88 Compressors Define compression ratio

89 Compressors Describe the differences between positive and dynamic displacement.

90 Compressors What is a reciprocal compressor

91 Compressors Describe different types of compressors.

92 Compressor Describe an open compressor

93 Compressors Which is the most common type of compressor used in different applications.

94

95 Compressors Why do we need a crank shaf seal?

96

97

98 Compressors Describe amperage demand as compression ratio raises amperage raises.

99 Compressor

100 Condensers describe the three phases the refrigerant goes through.

101 Condenser Complete heat rejection theory.

102

103 Condensers What is the purpose of the condenser.

104 Condensers Use inhibited acid for cleaning

105 Condensers All refrigeration heat exchangers use reverse flow to maximum efficiency.

106 Condensers

107 Condensers

108 Condensers Condensers reject heat

109 Receivers

110 Condensers

111 Heat Exchangers Why is counter flow better than parallel flow.

112 Heat Exchange Describe where the heat goes and comes from.

113 Metering devices EPR

114 Metering Device Describe the metering devices used by chillers.

115 Metering Devices TXV maintain superheat

116 Evaporator Describe the phases of the evaporation process.

117 Metering Devices

118 Metering Devices Control flow of refrigerant into the evaporator.

119 Evaporator Changes liquid to vapor

120 Metering Devices The TXV sensing Bulb is filled with refrigerant.

121 Metering Devices TXV range from 6 Deg.f to 12 Deg. F of superheat pending on application.

122 Metering Devices Low-side floats control the amount of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator.

123 Metering Devices Explain Superheat.

124 Metering Devices Explain what an external equalizer does for the TXV.

125

126 Metering Devices Explain High-side float.

127 Metering Devices Define Metering Device.

128 Metering Devices

129 Metering Devices Ammonia systems rarely use hand operated valves, because they require manual regulations.

130 Metering Devices

131 Evaporators Absorb heat

132 Evaporators Evaporators absorb heat from the area or product being cooled.

133 Evaporator

134

135

136

137

138 Evaporators Shell and tube evap also store refrigerant.

139

140 Evaporators Cleanliness, surface area, metering device, latent heat, heat exchanger effect evaporator capacity.

141 Evaporators Hot Gas, natural, and electrical defrost are the most common defrost methods.

142

143 Evaporators Plate and Fin and tube are direct expansion evaporators.

144 Refrigerants R11, R12, R22, R123, and 134a are all refrigerants used in chillers.

145 Refrigerants Ammonia is considered harmful compared to most other refrigerants.

146 Refrigerants Old chillers used R-11.

147 Refrigerants Ammonia is the refrigerant of choice for large refrigerant systems.

148 Refrigerants Refrigerants should be stable, change state without damage, have a low boiling point, have a minimal GWP and ODP.

149 Refrigerant R22 has the highest condenser pressure.

150 Refrigerants Heat content is one of the thermodynamic properties of refrigerant.

151 Refrigerant Should be stable.

152 Refrigerants R-12

153 Accessories

154

155 Accessories Economizers increase efficiency.

156 Accessories

157

158 Accessories Piping loops allow for expansion and contraction of the piping.

159

160

161 Accessories Double Suction Line Drier.

162

163 Electrical DC capacitors are clearly marked.

164 Electrical The potential relay is wired parallel to the start winding.

165 Electrical Start options

166 Electrical 10% is the allowable voltage drop for refrigerant equipment.

167 Electrical RX1

168 Electrical Reverse motor directions.

169 Swamp Coolers / Evaporative Condensers

170

171 Swamp Cooler Wet-bulb temperature determines cooler efficiency.

172 Troubleshooting Moisture plugs driers.

173 Troubleshooting Power element lost its charge.

174 Troubleshooting Dirty filters allow the evap to freeze up.

175 Troubleshooting Low charge will freeze the evap coil.

176 Troubleshooting Too cold a condenser causes surging.

177 Troubleshooting The suction line must be small enough to keep the velocity high enough to return the oil.

178 Troubleshooting Dirty tubes cause poor heat transfer.

179 Troubleshooting Adding refrigerant to an undercharged system will cause the head and suction pressure to rise.

180 ???? What were the five components of comfort.

181

182 Troubleshooting Low-side floats control refrigerant flow by keeping the evaporator full of liquid.

183 Troubleshooting Low head pressure causes a centrifugal compressor to surge.

184 Troubleshooting Nitrogen with a touch of R-22 is used to leak check.

185 Troubleshooting Sulfur causes corrosive oil.

186 ??????? VFD

187 Troubleshooting Tstat measure temperature Pstat measure pressure Humidity stat measure moisture

188 Troubleshooting Oil separator remove oil from the discharge line and return it back to the compressor.

189 Troubleshooting Non-condensable are indicated by: High head pressure Hotter condenser temperatures Higher liquid line temperatures

190 Troubleshooting Water cooled condenser water could possible freeze with the sudden release of refrigerant.

191 Troubleshooting Discuss the different controls and the function of each control.

192

193

194 Troubleshooting No load no Head

195 ??????? Copper, Steel and Iron are used to pipe ammonia systems.

196 Troubleshooting You should insulate the liquid line when the ambient temperature may be greater then the temperature of the liquid line.

197 Describe the oil pump process

198

199 Troubleshooting Too small a refrigerant line may cause: A reduction in compressor capacity Low head pressure Low amperage Excessive refrigerant pressure drop Lubrication problems

200

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