Standards and Regulations Update for Flammable Refrigerants
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1 eurammon Symposium 2017 Standards and Regulations Update for Flammable Refrigerants Dr. Frank Rinne Schaffhausen, 22 nd /23 rd June, 2017
2 Agenda Refrigerant Overview and Classification of Flammable Refrigerants Standards in the Context with Regulations EN378 EN Charge Extension & Safety Concept EN Summary Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 2 2
3 Cooling capacity / Pressure Refrigerant Overview 2022 A1 not flammable A2L low flammability 2022 A3 flammable B2L toxic, low flammability 2020 Raks > 40 kw Hermetical seal Systems Middle GWP Indirect Systems Systems < 40kW & SAV > 40 Mtons CO2 equivalent CO 2 R-410A-like R32/ HFO blends (DR5, L41, ARM71) R410A R404A- & R407A/F-like NH R448A/R449A HFO blends XL20/40, HDR110, L20, ARM20) < 1500 R407C/A/F R404A R290 R134a-like 1234yf/ze ~600 R450A,R513A R134a GWP (3922) F-Gas Regulation has an impact to the refrigerant selection System Architecture = f(refrigerant Properties) Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 3 3
4 Classification of Refrigerants (1) Quelle: Daikin Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 4 4
5 Refrigerant Classification (2) 1 2L ,12,13,13B1,14,22,23,113,114, 115,116,124,125,134a,218,227ea,236fa,C318,401A,401B,401C,40 2A,402B,403B,404A,407A,407B, 407C,407D,407E,407F,408A,409 A,409B,410A,410B,414A,414B,4 16A,417A,417B,420A,421A,421B,422A,422B,422C,422D,423A,42 4A,425A,426A,427A,428A,434A, 437A,438A,442A,500,501,502,50 3,504,507A,508A,508B,509A,403 A,411A,411B,412A,413A,418A,41 9A,744, HDR110, DR3,R32, R1234yf, R1234ze, R143A 142b,152a,415 A,415B,406A,4 39A,440A,512 A 50,170,1150,290, 1270,E170,600,6 00a,601,601a,429 A,430A,431A,432 A,433A,433B,433 C,435A,436A,441 A,510A,511a 30,123,245fa 717 Quelle: Daikin Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 5 5
6 Safety Data sheet R32 vs R290 R32 = R290 Classification Rules defined in the Global Harmonized System (GHS). Industry started an initiative to change the classification in GHS in order to differentiate between A2L and A3 Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 6 6
7 European Regulations & Standards European Treaty Art. 95 Single market TBT Technical Barriers of Trade Product Harmonisation PED/MD/LVD/EMC.. OEM ATEX (94/9/EC) (product) - IEC/EN National regulations: Art. 137 Safety of workers Remark : Only minimum requirements Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEAR) : UK Betriebs-Sicherheits-Verordnung (BetrSichV) : DE ATEX (99/92/EC) (workplace)- TRBS-2152 Customer Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 7 7
8 International level European level International and European Committees and Standards TC 86 SC1 ISO (DIS) 5149 plus others TC 61 SC 61C IEC , IEC TC 61 SC 61D IEC TC 182 EN 378 plus others CLC 61 EN EN EN Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 8 8
9 Horizontal & Vertical Safety Standards Horizontal Standard For All Ref. Systems: EN378 (Horizontal Standard Covers Fundamental Principles, Concepts, Terminology Or Technical Characteristics) Household Appliances Or Similar Use EN series - Commercial Systems - Industrial Systems D o m e s t i c MD C o m m e r c i a l MD H e a t p u m p s / A C MD Standards Update for A2L /A3 EN 378 is harmonized with ISO 5149 EN Voting 2017 for A2L WG started, A2/A3 Charge Ext EN WG A2/A3 started Charge Ext Target: Refrigerant Charge up to 0,5 kg PED Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 9 9
10 EN378 in the Context with Other Regulations & Standards Building standards EN ADR GHS (safety data sheet) EN 378 ATEX PED MD TRBS Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 10 10
11 Scope EN378: Normative References EN378 Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation (only this part is harmonized with PED and has legal character) Part 3 Part 4 Part 3: Installation site and personal protection Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery EN EN ISO817 EN 1363 ISO EN EN 1364 ISO EN EN 1365 EN EN EN EN 837 EN (Explosive Atmospheres, ATEX harmonized) I guess all documents are more than 1000 pages, not so easy! Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 11 11
12 What is new in EN378 Part 1: Basic Requirements, Definitions & Classifications Vocabulary o Separate Machinery Room o Access Category o Open Air Flammability Class 2L Additional Calculation for human comfort Alternative risk managment for occupied space Refrigerant tables updates Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 12 12
13 Determine the charge based on flammability I = Occupied space II Comp. In mach.- room / open air a general access b Superv. access c Author. access Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 13 13
14 EN378 has 3 Levels of Refrigerant Charge 1. m 1 = 4 [m 3 ] * LFL [kg/m 3 ] (-> small kitchen) 2. m 2 = 26 [m 3 ] * LFL [kg/m 3 ] 3. m 3 = 130 [m 3 ] * LFL [kg/m 3 ] Additional risk assessment and additional ventilation Examples: Propane, A3, LFL = 0,038 kg/m 3 m 1 = 4 m 3 * 0,038 kg/m 3 = 0,150 kg m 2 = 26 m 3 * 0,038 kg/m 3 = 0,988 kg m 3 = 130 m 3 * 0,038 kg/m 3 = 4,94 kg R32, A2L, LFL = 0,307 kg/m 3 m 1 = 4 m 3 * 0,307 kg/m 3 * 1,5 * = 1,8 kg m 2 = 26 m 3 * 0,307 kg/m 3 * 1,5 = 11,97 kg m 3 = 130 m 3 * 0,307 kg/m 3 * 1,5 = 59,87 kg * 50% more refrigerant charge than A2 Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 14 14
15 C.2 Charge Limit Calculation m max = 2,5 LFL 5/4 h 0 A 1/2 A min = m 2 /(2,5 LFL 5/4 h 0 ) 2 (C.1) (C.2) Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 15 15
16 Alternative for risk management of ref.- systems in occupied spaces (C.3) - Increase the Charge These alternative provisions can only be used for an occupied space which fulfils all of the following conditions: Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 16 16
17 System Design for Mulitsplit Units according Risk Assessment C.3 Each piping is not oversized, in case of leakage of one evaporator the other evaporators will still work and limit the leak amount -> preferred design If the main pipe is installed in occupied space, the complete gas will leak, this design is not allowed. Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 17 17
18 What is new in EN378 2(2) Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation Aligned with PED and MD Flowchart updated 4 new Annexes o Stress corrosion cracking o Leak simulation testing o Comissioning procedure o Ignition sources Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery New text for evacuating procedure Testing halocarbon for moisture Handling Ammonia during service o When to dispose as hazordous waste o When to vent into water o How to dispose water Part 3: Installation site and personal protection Separate machinery room Requirements for A2L s Equipment not in occupied space nor in machinery room Sprinkler in ammonia machinery rooms Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 18 18
19 Applicable types of equipment related to the IEC Ice-cream dispensers Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 19 Seite 19/11 19
20 Relevant standards and resulting amount of low GWP refrigerants 150 g OK 1 kg or more 150 g? Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 20 20
21 Title of committee/working group and task Title of committee/working group: TC61/SC61C/WG 4 Task of TC61/SC61C/WG4: IEC A2/Ed2: Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-89: Particular requirements for commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant unit or compressor To define the maximum flammable refrigerant amount for appliances according to IEC and measures to maintain the equivalent safety level as for the present limit. Members of the WG4: 26 Members out of 13 countries (AT, BE, BR, CZ, DE, FI, GB, IT, JO, JP, NZ, SK and US) Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 21 21
22 EN378 vs EN Standard Supermarket System OEM Building the System EN378 PED MD LVD EMC ATEX Standards Installation on site RISK ASSESSMENT Workplace Safety Integrated Display Cabinet OEM Building the Cabinet EN PED MD LVD EMC ATEX Standards Leak Simulation Test Type Approval Notified Body Installation on site Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 22 22
23 What direction is TC61/SC61C/WG4 going The risk with 500g flammable refrigerant (R290) must be the same as we have with the current limit of 150 g In detail and out of the proposal from WG4 and comments of NC: Refrigerants which are lighter than air (e.g. R50) should be excluded For appliances with more than 150 g flammable refrigerant Determination of gas concentration might be necessary Minimum air flow for appliances between 151 g and 13 x LFL flammable refrigerant could be required or necessary The airflow should be guaranteed in any operating conditions No refrigerant-containing parts should be exposed to the outside of the appliance Low temperature solder alloys will be not accepted for pipe connections All electrical components should be non-sparking electrical apparatus Application should have a tested tightness control level of less than 3 grams per year Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 23 23
24 Leak Simulation Test Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 24 24
25 Possible time scale of TC61/SC61C/WG4 Time scale for including the WG4 proposal into the IEC : October 2016: WG4 meeting and SC61C meeting in week 40 (4 th to 8 th of October 2016) with work on the compilation of comments on the WG4 proposal 61C/671/DC Q4_2016: Creation of a DC out of the compilated comments Q3_2017: Creation of a CDV out of the latest DC Q1_2018: Discussion of CDV and creation of a FDIS Q2_2018: Publishing of the 3rd edition from the IEC standard Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 25 25
26 Residential & Commercial Comfort EN EN Household and similar electrical appliances. Safety. Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air-conditioners and dehumidifiers A2L Refrigerants in current version NOT included A3 Refrigerants can be used up to 1,5 kg only in indirect systems EN Revison will be launched end of 2017/ early 2018 Taylored for A2L refrigerants with a maximum charge of 80 kg A2L Separate Working Group to increase charge limits for A3 refrigerants, driven by China for small Split Systems up to 500g, release not before 2018 Propane Air/Water HP up to 1,5 kg charge Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 26 26
27 Summary A2L and A3 Refrigerants are considered in PED, MD and ATEX equally (H220-extremly flammable) EN378 propose big differentiations in the charge limits for A2L and A3 Human comfort for A2L s can use higher refrigerant charge as refrigeration Flammable refrigerants can be used only in appropriate systems, which are designed for flammable refrigerants (EN60079 ATEX) Work place safety (TRBS) to be considered for installation site Schaffhausen, 22 nd / 23 rd June, 2017 Page 27 27
28 Contact: Dr. Frank Rinne Emerson Commercial & Residential Solutions Pascalstrasse 65, Aachen Germany +49 (0)
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