Figure 23-1 Pressure-temperature curve for water

Transcription

1 Figure 23-1 Pressure-temperature curve for water

2 Figure 23-2 Saturated refrigerant pressure temperature chart (Courtesy of Arkema Inc.)

3 Figure 23-3 Saturated R-134a at 40 F has a pressure of 35 psig (Courtesy of Arkema Inc.)

4 Figure 23-4 Saturated R-22 with a pressure of 43 psig has a temperature of 20 F (Courtesy of Arkema Inc.)

5 Figure 23-5 The saturation temperature of the evaporator and condenser can be determined using the pressure-temperature chart (Courtesy of Arkema Inc.)

6 Figure 23-6 Refrigerants listed by operating pressure

7 Figure 23-7 Refrigerant chemical families

8 Figure 23-8 Methane molecule

9 Figure 23-9 Hydrocarbon refrigerants

10 Figure Hydrocarbon refrigerants

11 Figure CFC-12 is based on the methane molecule

12 Figure CFC refrigerants

13 Figure HCFC-22 is based on the methane molecule

14 Figure HCFC refrigerants

15 Figure HFC 134a is based on the ethane molecule

16 Figure HFC Refrigerants

17 Figure R-410A is an example of a zeotropic refrigerant

18 Figure Pressure-temperature chart for R-407C has columns for the temperature, bubble point, and dew point

19 Figure Follow the instructions on the cylinder to ensure that R-410A leaves the cylinder as a liquid

20 Figure Refrigerant safety classification

21 Figure Layers of the earth s atmosphere

22 Figure The ozone layer is inside the stratosphere (NASA)

23 Figure Ozone contains three oxygen atoms, while the standard oxygen molecule contains two oxygens

24 Figure Stages of ozone depletion caused by a CFC = 12 molecule

25 Figure Classes of ozone depleting substances

26 Figure Illustration of the greenhouse effect and global warming (NASA)

27 Figure Comparison of both ozone depletion potential and global warming potential for several halogenated refrigerants (From Refrigerant Data Summary, by J. M. Calm and G. C. Hourahan, as appeared in Engineered Systems, 18(11):74 88, November 2001.Copyright 2007 Games M. Calm.) (Reproduced with permission of J. M. Calm)

28 Figure Comparison of tetrafuoroethane isomers 134 and 134a

29 Figure Refrigerant and oil compatability

30 Figure Refrigerant cylinders (Courtesy National Refrigerants, Inc.)

31 Figure Non-refillable refrigerant cylinder

32 Figure Non-refillable cylinders have a check valve in the stem to prevent flow back into the cylinder

33 Figure The penalty for refilling and transporting a nonrefillable cylinder is a $500,000 fine and/or 5 years imprisonment

34 Figure Pressure ratings of DOT 39 cylinders

35 Figure Frangible disk on non-refillable DOT 39 cylinder

36 Figure Flow limiting orifice on the inside of the cylinder underneath the frangible disk

37 Figure lb water capacity refillable refrigerant cylinder (Image Courtesy of Manchester Tank)

38 Figure This specification shows that the service pressure for this recovery cylinder is 350 psig

39 Figure Safety relief valve on recovery cylinder

40 Figure This recovery cylinder can hold 47.7 lbs of water

41 Figure This recovery cylinder weighs 28.1 lb when ready

42 Figure This recovery cylinder was manufactured July 1998

43 Figure This cylinder was manufactured in March 1997, retested in March 2002, and the last permissible refill date was March 2007

44 Figure The suggested refrigerant cylinder colors in Guideline K

45 Figure Recovery cylinders are gray with a yellow top (Courtesy National Refrigerants, Inc.)

46 Figure This chart shows the rapid rise in cylinder pressure when completely filled with liquid (Courtesy of RSES)