Technical Development Program COMMERCIAL HVAC SYSTEMS. Water Source Heat Pump Systems PRESENTED BY: Ray Chow. Sales Engineer

Transcription

1 Technical Development Program PRESENTED BY: COMMERCIAL HVAC SYSTEMS Water Source Heat Pump Systems Ray Chow Sales Engineer

2 TDP Updates

3 Menu Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 Introduction Water Source Heat Pump Unit Operation Water Source Heat Pump System Operation System Advantages and Disadvantages System Application Topics Geothermal Systems Codes and Standards System Controls Q & A

4 SECTION 1 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Introduction

5 Objectives Demonstrate how a water source heat pump unit works Review different types of water source heat pump units Describe the function of the internal components Demonstrate how water source heat pump units function together in a complete system for summer, winter and intermediate seasons List the advantages and the disadvantages Describe various water source heat pump system variations Section 1 Introduction

6 SECTION 2 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Water Source Heat Pump Unit Operation

7 WSHP Section 1 Introduction

8 Cooling Mode Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchanger 4-Way Reversing Valve Compressor Blower Metering Device Refrigerant to Air Coil Water In Water Out Liquid Line Hot Gas Line Suction Line Section 2 Water Source Heat Pump Unit Operation

9 Heating Mode Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchanger 4-Way Reversing Valve Compressor Blower Metering Device Refrigerant to Air Coil Water In Water Out Liquid Line Hot Gas Line Suction Line Section 2 Water Source Heat Pump Unit Operation

10 Compressor Types Scroll Motor Rotor Stator Reciprocating Rotary Section 5 Product Overview

11 Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchanger Coaxial Water Connections Refrigerant Connections Tube-in-Tube Design Water Outlet Water Inlet Refrigerant Passages Section 5 Product Overview

12 Refrigerant-to-Air Heat Exchanger Aluminum Fin Copper Tube Coil Construction 2-Row Coil Condensate Overflow Sensor Drain Pan Condensate Connection Section 5 Product Overview

13 Fan Assembly Centrifugal Forward Curved Impeller Unit Discharge Rubber Motor Mounts Direct Drive Fan Motor Section 5 Product Overview

14 Condensate Drain Condensate Drain Connection Condensate Overflow Sensor ¼ in./ft Slope Vent Drain Pan To Piping System Drain Plug Condensate Drain Connection Field Installed Trap Section 5 Product Overview

15 WSHP Rooftop WSHP Vertical Units Horizontal Units Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages Large Interior Units Perimeter Console Units

16 Typical WSHP Filters 1-inch is standard 2-inch is an option Section 5 Product Overview

17 Unit Control Board Anti Short Cycle Over/Under Voltage Protection High/Low Pressure Protection Freeze Protection LED Fault and Status Lights Section 5 Product Overview

18 Supply and Return Hoses Temperature/ Pressure Test Ports Automatic Flow Control Valve Swivel Connections Ball Valve Stainless Steel Flexible Braided Hose Return Supply Ball Valve Strainer with blow down valve and hose connection Section 5 Product Overview

19 Horizontal Unit Refrigerant-to-Air Coil Compressor Centrifugal Fan Coaxial Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchanger Water Outlet Control Board Water Inlet Section 5 Product Overview

20 Typical Horizontal Unit Installation Flexible Connection Condensate Drain and Trap Threaded Rods Water In Water Out Insulated supply duct with at least one 90 elbow to reduce air noise Unit Hanger Filter Access Balancing Damper Unit Power Disconnect Ventilation Air Duct Terminate near unit inlet to promote complete mixing of return and outdoor air prior to air entering the coil Section 5 Product Overview

21 Vertical Unit Unit Return Single Compressor Model Access panel for the fan Filter Frame for 1 or 2 Filter Control Box Electrical and Compressor Access Panel Condensate Return Supply 2-Compressor Model Return CKT 1,2 Supply CKT 1,2 Section 5 Product Overview

22 Vertical Unit in Utility Closet Ducted Return Air Supply Air Piping To Building Loop Non-Ducted Return Disconnect Power Return Supply Vibration-Absorbing Pad Return Air Grille with Insulated Sound Baffle Thermostat Connection Section 5 Product Overview

23 Console Unit Adjustable Discharge Louvers Unit Mounted Controls Right Hand Control Area Return Air Inlet Right Hand Piping and Electrical Area Section 5 Product Overview

24 Typical Console Unit Installation Left Hand Unit Shown Optional Disconnect Box Under Cabinet Loop Water Supply and Return Piping Return Air Filter Located Behind Return Air Grille Section 5 Product Overview

25 Rooftop WSHP Fan Compartment Heat Exchanger Compartment Outdoor Air Intake Supply Air 4 Return Air Filter Section 5 Product Overview

26 Typical Rooftop WSHP Installation Curb or Pier Mount Return Duct Supply Duct Supply and Return Piping to Common Loop Section 5 Product Overview

27 Water-to-Water WSHP Chilled or Hot Water Supply Load: Air Handlers, Fan Coils, Hydronic Baseboard, Radiant Slab, Swimming Pool Water Return Load Coaxial Heat Exchanger Source Coaxial Heat Exchanger Refrigeration Circuit Scroll Compressor Water Out Source: Cooling Tower/Boiler/ WSHP Loop, Ground Loop or Open Well Water In Section 5 Product Overview

28 SECTION 3 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Water Source Heat Pump System Operation

29 WSHP System in a Commercial Building Cooling Tower Dedicated Outdoor Air Unit System Water Loop WSHP Units Pumps Boiler Section 1 Introduction

30 Typical Closed Loop WSHP System Cooling Tower (Heat Rejecter) Vent Spray Pump Tower Bypass Expansion Tank Pumps Return Balancing Valve WSHP Units Reverse Return Piping Boiler (Adds Heat) Supply Air Separator Section 3 Water Source Heat Pump System Operation

31 Typical Closed Loop WSHP System Cooling Tower (Heat Rejecter) OPERATIONAL Vent Cooling Mode Spray Pump Tower Bypass Expansion Tank Pumps Return Balancing Valve WSHP Units Reverse Return Piping Boiler (Heat Adder) OFF Air Separator Supply 80 to 85 F to WSHP Units Section 3 Water Source Heat Pump System Operation

32 Typical Closed Loop WSHP System Cooling Tower (Heat Rejecter) OFF Vent Heating Mode Spray Pump Tower Bypass Expansion Tank Pumps Return Balancing Valve WSHP Units Reverse Return Piping Boiler (Heat Adder) OPERATIONAL Supply 60 to 65 F to WSHP Units Section 3 Water Source Heat Pump System Operation

33 Typical Closed Loop WSHP System Cooling Tower (Heat Rejecter) OFF Spray Pump Tower Bypass Expansion Tank Vent Pumps Return Intermediate Mode Balancing Valve WSHP Units Reverse Return Piping Boiler (Heat Adder) OFF Air Separator Supply 70 to 75 F to WSHP Units Section 3 Water Source Heat Pump System Operation

34 Loop Water Temperature Schematic Section 11 System Controls

35 Closed Circuit Cooling Tower Air Discharge Dampers Water From Loop Closed Circuit Water Coil Water to Loop Air Intake Spray Pump Section 6 System Overview

36 Open Cooling Tower with Heat Exchanger Tower Water Return Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger Loop Return Loop Supply Open Cooling Tower Pump Tower Water Supply Section 6 System Overview

37 Problems Caused by Poor Water Quality Scale Formation in Water Source Heat Pump Loop Section 7 System Application Topics

38 Variable Flow WSHP System Variable flow is required if pump motor is greater than 5HP Automatic Isolation Valve Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) Section 6 System Overview

39 Boilerless WSHP System Horizontal WSHP discharging through a duct heater (Install per UL and Manufacturer Recommendations) Section 6 System Overview

40 VVT System with WSHP Bypass Duct and Damper Vertical or Horizontal WSHP Typical Zone Sensor Zone Controller and Damper Vertical Water Source Heat Pump Shown Section 6 System Overview

41 WSHP Loop Pump and Stand By Automatic Air Vent (pipe to drain) Return from Loop Air Separator Supply to WSHP Units Long Radius Elbow Loop Pump Shutoff Valve Flex Connectors Shutoff Valve Check Valve Balancing Valve or Multi- Purpose Valve Gauge or T/P Test Ports Stand By Pump Drain Valve Strainer Vibration Isolation Minimum of 5 pipe diameters for end suction pumps Section 6 System Overview

42 Symmetrical Duct Layouts WSHP T Pattern Duct (Perimeter and Interior) WSHP H and U Pattern Ducts (Interior) Section 6 System Overview

43 SECTION 4 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS System Advantages and Disadvantages

44 Low Installed Cost Advantage Small Duct Size Hang Unit when Tenants Arrive Ceiling Plenum Return System Unit Above Ceiling Requires No Mechanical Room Supply and Return Uninsulated Piping Loop Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages

45 Operating Flexibility of Adjacent Zones Zone 1 - OFF Zone 2 - Heating Zone 4 - Fan Only Zone 3 - Cooling Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages

46 Redundancy Advantage (1) Chiller = Multiple WSHP Units Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages

47 Design Flexibility Advantage Rooftop WSHP Vertical Units Horizontal Units Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages Large Interior Units Perimeter Console Units

48 Ease of Maintenance and Repair Cleaning the coil on a horizontal WSHP Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages

49 Disadvantages of a WSHP WSHP is taller than FCU Radiated Sound Chemical Treatment Cannot precisely control supply air temperature Limited Filtration Capacity Ceiling Access Required Dedicated Ventilation System Required Airside economizer is not practical Horizontal Above-Ceiling Model Shown Section 4 System Advantages and Disadvantages

50 SECTION 5 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS System Application Topics

51 Options Mute Package Sound Blanket for WSHP at 1.5 ton or above Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM) Available for WSHP at 1.5 Ton or above Standard Range Condenser water temp between 50F to 100F Extended Range Condenser water temp between 25F to 110F Waterside Economizer Extra set of coil that will provide free cooling when condenser water is 45F below Section 7 System Application Topics

52 WSHP Reheat With Loop Water Reheat Coil» 68 F» 58 F Warmed Loop Water for Reheat Compressor in Cooling Mode Internal Pump Diverting Valve Cooler Loop Water In Warmer Loop Water Out Section 7 System Application Topics

53 Secondary Condensate Drain Pan Secondary Drain Pan Section 7 System Application Topics

54 CO 2 Sensor Section 7 System Application Topics

55 Sound Control for Horizontal Units Acoustically insulated return elbow inlet Acoustic lining first 6 to 10 ft Balancing Damper in Collar Flexible Air Duct at least 4 feet Flexible Electrical Connections Turning Vanes Canvas Duct Connections Acoustical Barrier Low Velocity Ductwork Isolators 6 ft minimum Minimum 10 ft Between Units 90 Elbow Prevents Line-of-Sight Sound Return Air Grill Section 7 System Application Topics

56 Refrigerants R 410A Puron Section 7 System Application Topics

57 SECTION 6 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Geothermal Systems

58 Horizontal Closed Loop System Water Source Heat Pumps Geothermal Horizontal Loop Field Circulation Pump and Standby Section 8 Geothermal Systems

59 Horizontal System Trench Geothermal pipe attached to trench wall Geothermal pipes are buried with backfill Section 8 Geothermal Systems

60 Vertical Closed Loop System Water Source Heat Pumps Geothermal Loop Field Vertical Circulation Pump and Standby Section 8 Geothermal Systems

61 Pond and Lake Spool Loop System Water Source Heat Pumps Geothermal Spool Loop Field Circulation Pump and Standby Section 8 Geothermal Systems

62 SECTION 7 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Codes and Standards

63 ARI/ISO Seal Section 9 Codes and Standards

64 ASHRAE 90.1 Efficiency Requirements Section 9 Codes and Standards

65 ASHRAE 90.1 Efficiency Requirements Section 9 Codes and Standards

66 SECTION 8 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS System Controls

67 Programmable Thermostat Wi-Fi Access Smartphone and Web Portal Duct Temp Sensor Touchscreen SMS Text or alert 7 Day scheduling Section 11 System Controls

68 Communicating Controller Section 11 System Controls

69 Communicating Controller Section 11 System Controls

70 WSHP DDC Control Network Section 11 System Controls

71 SECTION 9 WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Q & A

72 Technical Development Program Thank You This completes the presentation. TDP-706 Water Source Heat Pump Systems Artwork from Symbol Library used by permission of Software Toolbox