Group 2: AutoBott. David Rooney, C.P.E. Steven Lo, C.P.E. Eric Velazquez, E.E. Antonio Orosa, E.E.

Transcription

1 Group 2: AutoBott David Rooney, C.P.E. Steven Lo, C.P.E. Eric Velazquez, E.E. Antonio Orosa, E.E.

2 Motivation It is common for people to grow their own crops at home, either as a hobby, or to grow and eat themselves A vast majority of crops are grown outside, where they are exposed to dramatic climate changes and insects Plants are becoming less likely to thrive in the record breaking seasonal temperatures around the world Water is a scarce resource and not easily accessible in certain areas of the globe Plants grown in soil are more vulnerable to diseases and pests It would be best to have a closed environment with ideal growing conditions Growing hydroponically allows for optimization of the plant s growing environment, providing higher yields in shorter time

3 Goals and Objectives Save water in areas where water is a scarce resource Grow plants indoors Grow plants year round Plants will always grow in optimal conditions Maximize harvest or bloom Eliminate the chance of diseases and fungus growing on the plants by using hydroponics

4 AutoBott: An Automated Botanical System Physical Enclosure Main Plant Compartment Will house Lights, Fan, Plants, and majority of hydroponic system Will be coated with a layer of Mylar: a reflective material made into sheets that also has insulating properties Water/Nutrient Compartment Will house water and nutrient reservoirs Water pump and Nutrient pumps Electronics Compartment Will hold PCB board and components

5 AutoBott: An Automated Botanical System (cont.) Hydroponic System 2.5 ft. 6 ft. 3.5 ft Nutrient Film Technique Pump will run constantly, providing the plants with a stream of nutrient solution Plants will sit in individual grow cups along the top of each plant tray, where their roots will absorb the nutrients Once the nutrient solution leaves the plant trays, it will drain back to the reservoir Water/Nutrient Compartment ph, EC, and water level sensors will regulate our water reservoir As the nutrient solution is returning to the reservoir, our pumps will automatically inject nutrients, and ph altering solution as our system needs it

6 Specifications Sensors Unit of Measure ph Levels ph EC Levels S/m (siemens per meter) Temperature Humidity Accuracy Range within.5 ph Range within 20 S/m C Range within 5 C Percentage Range within 8% Component Parameter Design Specification Web application Update time 10 minutes Water pump (full cycle) Circulation 2 hours LED Lights Light exposure 6000 Lumens per square foot

7 Overall Block Diagram 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

8 Wireless Communication Module 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

9 Wireless Communication Module Wifi vs. Bluetooth vs. Zigbee Wifi has high data transfer rates and good range, but uses a lot of power Bluetooth has very short range and can connect to a maximum of 7 other devices ZigBee is designed for reliable wirelessly networked monitoring and control networks. Low power, long range, and can connect to over 65,000 devices

10 ZigBee Texas Instruments CC2530 Zigbee Module Follows IEEE Standards Low power, and range up to 100 meters Can connect with over 65,000 nodes Will communicate with our mcu and share the sensors data readings wirelessly through the standard 2.4 GHz frequency band, transferring data at a Max of 250 kbps 256KB in-system programmable flash, 8KB RAM Long-life battery, and wide Supply-Voltage Range of (2V - 3.6V) Development board is needed to install software and set up the module for the first time; provided by UCF, Prof. Lei Wei, and his graduate students 6mm 6mm

11 Sensors 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

12 Analog ph Meter Kit Specifications PCB Design Layout from DFRobot ph Electrode Dimensions (in mm) from DFRobot Module Power V Measuring Temperature 0-60 Response Time Less than 1 minute Measuring Range 0-14 ph Accuracy ± 0.1pH

13 ph Meter Kit Schematic Schematic from Analog ph Meter Kit data sheet

14 Electrical Conductivity (EC) Kit EC Kit Specifications Operating Voltage V Measuring Range 1ms/cm -20ms/cm Operating Temperature 5-40 Accuracy <±10% F.S (dependent on calibration solution) Module Size 43mm 32mm Connecting Diagram from DFRobot EC Electrode Dimensions from DFRobot

15 Electrical Conductivity (EC) Kit Schematic Schematic for Electrical Conductivity Kit in datasheet

16 Water Level Sensor etape sensor layout from datasheet

17 Water Level Sensor -Pin2 Table from etape sensor data sheet. Circuit designed in Eagle CAD. Pin 2 and 3 from the etape sensor connect to the voltage divider circuit. Pins 1 and 4 are not needed for our application of this sensor. -Pin3

18 Temperature and Humidity Sensor 12m m Temperature and Humidity Sensor Specifications m. 23 VCC 5m Measurement Range 20-90% RH (Relative 0-50 Temperature Accuracy Min: ±1 Max:±2 Temperature Response Time Min: 6s Max: 30s Humidity Accuracy Condition 0-50 Max: ±5%RH Humidity Response Time Min: 6s Typical: 10s Max: 15s VCC MCU Circuit from DHT11 datasheet

19 Sensor Interaction Within Range Too high / Add ph Down Check ph Check EC Too low / Add ph Up Within Range Add Nutrient Solution Check Temp Within Range / Turn off fan Check Humidity Within Range / Turn off Dehumidifier Too hot / Turn on Fan Too humid / Turn on Dehumidifier Check Level Within Range Too low / Send Notification to the User

20 Peripherals 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

21 Lights A full spectrum LED light panel will be the plant s main source of energy. The lights will run on an 18 hours on / 6 hours off, or 12 hours on / 12 hours off cycle to mimic natural sunlight. Specifications 16in Power Input 2.5in 8.5in 180 Watts 110V / 60Hz LED Lens Angle 90⁰ Light Coverage 7.5ft2 (3 X 2.5 )

22 Lights

23 HVAC The backdraft damper remains closed until the exhaust fan is turned on. Once on, the damper opens allowing cool air to enter and warm air to exit. Cycles air 5 times per min. 8in 9.5in 4in 3.25 in Air Flow 190 CFM Duct Size 4 inches Fan Speed 2565 RPM Power 65 watts Input AC 110v/60Hz

24 Dehumidifer The dehumidifier will balance the environment s climate and dehumidify the space inside the enclosure. The water collected from this item will be filtered back into the reservoir to create an efficient way of keeping water levels high in the hydroponic system. 4.5in Eva-Dry 1100 Petite Dehumidifier Capacity 16 oz Work Area 1100 Cubic feet Effectiveness approx. 8 oz at 86 F and 80% Humidity Power 22.5 watts Input 9V DC at 2.5 Amp 8.5in 6in

25 Water Pump For hydroponic systems, it s recommended to turn over 100% of the water every 2 hours We decided to use the AAPW400 model so that we can pump the proper amount of water while compensating for the vertical distance it needs to push the water Pump runs on standard 120V from the wall outlet, and will be switched on/off by a relay switch in case of maintenance

26 Peristaltic Pumps Runs on 12V DC supply draws 200mA Small 5mm diameter tubes When activated, 1mL/s of solution is delivered to the flow Flow can be altered by increasing or decreasing the voltage to the dosing pumps

27 Air Pump Within our water reservoir, we will have an air pump that will push air out of an air stone placed at the bottom of our water reservoir Will produce bubbles that will aerate the system s nutrient solution This is important so that the plants roots can readily absorb the oxygen they need through their water 5cm

28 MCU 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

29 ATMega 2561 vs. MSP430F5659 Atmel ATMega 2561 Specifications TI MSP430F5659 Specifications Parameter Value Parameter Value Flash Memory (Kbytes) 256 Flash Memory (Kbytes) 512 Pin Count 64 Pin Count 100 Max Operating Frequency (MHz) 16 Max Operating Frequency (MHz) 20 Operating Voltage Min: 1.8V Max: 5.5V Operating Voltage Min: 1.8V Max: 3.6V Max I/O Pins 54 Max I/O Pins 74 SPI 3 SPI 6 I2C 1 I2C 3 UART 2 UART 3 Coding Environment Arduino IDE Coding Environment Code Composer Studio

30 Power Components 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

31 AC to DC Converter A standard wall mounted AC to DC converter will be used to power the PCB. Total current draw of PCB IF all components were on would be just over 1.08Amps. Specifications Input 110VAC / 60HZ Output Amps Jack size 2.1mm

32 AC to DC schematic 110VAC 60Hz input to 1.5Amp output schematic, TIwebench

33 DC to DC converter Linear voltage regulators are used to supply the smaller voltages through the PCB and save board space. 12 Volts relays Peristaltic pump motors 5 Volts MCU EC sensor ph sensor Water level sensor Temperature and humidity sensor 3.3 Volts Zigbee Chip

34 Relays Relays will be used to turn on or off the high power components; LED light, Exhaust fan, Air+Water pump, and the dehumidfier. Specifications Coil Voltage Coil Resistance 12 volts 400Ω Contact rating 10A / 125VAC Trigger Time 5-10ms

35 Relay and motor driver A ULN2803 Darlington Transistor array will be used as the relay and motor driver. 8 NPN darlington Pairs with high voltage and current output, as well as common cathode clamps for protection from back current when the inductive loads are switched off. Specifications ULN2803 chip and schematic from TI datasheet Input Voltage (COM) 30 Volts max Trigger Voltage 5 Volts max Output Current 500mA max

36 Power Strip 4 Relays will control 4 outlets while 2 will remain always on. LED Lights Exhaust Fan Air+Water Pump Dehumidifier Always ON

37 PCB Design

38 PCB

39 Web Application 120V AC Outlet ph Sensor AC to DC Converter MCU EC Sensor Water Level Sensor ZigBee Module Temperature and Humidity Sensor Web Application SQL Database Relays HVAC Dehumidifier Peristaltic Pump Water Pump Air Stone LED Lights

40 Database SQL Database Design:

41 Mobile App vs. Web App Mobile App: Web App: Cross-platform coding ios Android Uses storage space on mobile devices Reaches all devices through internet Support through different browsers, only the latest (safari, chrome, firefox) All data will be accessed through internet

42 Web App Features

43 Web App Responsiveness The AutoBott web app is responsive with devices that have different size screens. The web app is created using Bootstrap, which is a mobile-first development tool

44 Administrative Content Work Distribution: AREAS OF WORK David Power Supply and Distribution Web Application Antonio Eric X X X PCB Design X X Sensor Interaction X Hydroponic Research and Design X X X X X X Enclosed Environment Design Physical Enclosure Design X X MCU Programming Steven X X

45 Budget Total Cost: $754.54

46 Financing Seeking sponsorship for specific components: EC sensor supplier - nothing at this time ZigBee Module - sponsored by Professor Lei Wei and his graduate students Hydroponic items - unable to donate at this time Otherwise, group has financed project.

47 Progress

48 Issues EC probes and sensors are hard to find within budget. Many of these specific products are going out of stock from the initial time they are researched. Sponsorships Controlling water flow from reservoir to plant tray in different stages Using PWM (pulse width modulation) Making cabinet air sealed Use weather stripping on the front panel door and caulking around the corners Ensuring plant sensors are not tampered with remotely, security Software related

49 Questions