Dam Management. Must be managed No trees allowed

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1 Bank Management Vegetation managed or wild? Watch out for: multiflora rose, Russian olive, Japanese knotweed, honeysuckle, Purple loosestrife in particular Ky 31 fescue and lespedezas are considered invasive in many states Go on-line to find alternatives at: Alternates to Plants described as Invasive in Ohio (pdf) - (Ohio Division of Wildlife)

2 Dam Management Must be managed No trees allowed

3 Dam Safety test

4 test

5 In the case of dams, seek permission, not forgiveness test

6 Bank and dam vegetation management Dams should be kept clear of trees and shrubs Banks may be allowed to grow up to discourage geese, facilitate filtration, or create wildlife habitat, but access points should be maintained

7 Dam Vegetation Management May be a good idea to mow dams on a schedule Dense understory vegetation creates habitat for burrowing animals Dam needs to be inspected for structural integrity and seepage

8 Dam Seepage Look for saturated soil, sediment deposits, flowing water at base of earthen dam and on rear face of dam On concrete dams look for seepage, cracks, leaks and rust stains, or bulges If any seepage is found consult a professional engineer

9 Maintenance Trigger: Trees on Pond Dam Consult dam safety specialist for best option - you want to avoid piping through root and stem channels Trees less than 6 inches can be removed, > 6 inches need removal plan approved by the state (NC dam safety law)

10 Maintenance Trigger: Unstable banks Erosion and sedimentation can make banks unsafe and fill water storage area in the pond

11 Pond completed in October, banks seeded in November, photo taken in March NOV issued in March

12 Bank Maintenance Maintain soil ph we have acid rain, ammonia based fertilizers are acidic Fertilize banks sufficiently to maintain plant vigor do not overfertilize Re-seed grass as needed, consider using more permanent grasses like common bermuda

13 Floating Wetland Islands Simple retrofit to ponds or forebays Enhance pollutant removal, particularly nutrients used in plant growth Increase biodiversity (provide food, habitat) Provide shade and cooling in open water Remove water via evapotranspiration Root systems can grow very large (~75 cm) since they are not restricted by soil Root systems can support bacterial colonization and biofilms Islands float up and down and are not subject to floods and drought water stress like plants rooted in soil

14 From a N.C. Lake Mgnt Firm

15 Proprietary Floating Treatment Wetlands

16 Aquatic Vegetation Management Retention ponds can have aquatic weed problems: Shallow water Nutrient enriched runoff Full sunlight Consider subletting aquatic weed control Aquatic weed i.d. can be difficult Special license is required Many control options

17 Submersed Free Floating Aquatic Weed Types Emergent

18 Chemical Options 2,4-D products Copper products Endothall products Glyphosate products Habitat Peroxide products Renovate Reward Sonar/Avast Stingray My advice: consult an expert for proper weed identification and most appropriate control option

19 Aquatic weed ID references UF/IFAS Publication # SM 050 Aquatic Plant ID Deck $15 AG-731 Aquatic Weeds: A Pocket Identification Guide for the Carolinas $16 Common Wetland Plants of NC 4acf-a399-8d484488d234&groupId=38364 Aquatic and Wetland Plants of South Carolina by Cynthia Aulbach-Smith and Steven de Kozlowski

20 Aquatic weed ID reference

21 Wet ponds and algae

22 Algae Algae may be a fact of life in wet stormwater BMPs due to: Nutrient enriched water Sunlight Shallow water Algae is trapping nutrients However, if algae is contributing to a mosquito problem it may need to be controlled

23 I ve had a couple ponds get overwhelmed with this (see picture) type algae. The algae forms into broad sheets, and on occasion has completely clogged outlet structures.in once case leading to a berm failure.

24 Algae control Difficult at best spread by birds, flowing water Hand removal is one option Dyes reduce sunlight transmission Herbicide use discouraged due to potential damage to non-target plants Copper products bluestone, Cutrine, though copper can be toxic to aquatic life Aeration is an option

25 Aeration for blue-green algae control

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28 Hand removal of algae

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30 One possibility: Wet pond ornametals.

31 Rodent management Beavers muskrats

32 Beaver dam in wet pond. For beavers and muskrats hire a licensed trapper Some states have cost share programs to help with removal costs

33 Goose Management

34 What Geese Want. Grass Open Water Open lines of sight Perfect goose habitat: golf courses and wet ponds

35 Goose control Let banks grow up close lines of sight Use non-grass vegetation such as clovers Dogs, noise makers, decoys, aversive conditioning sprays White Dutch clover on pond bank

36 A grape extract that makes grass unpalatable

37 Partial bank coverage test

38 People management Concept of attractive nuisance Fencing Gates Outlet structures Bank slopes Fishing? Boating? Viewscape?

39 Good and bad Erosion around inlet how to repair??? Fountain: aerates water and chops filamentous algae preventing algal mat formation

40 What is wrong here? Pond is sedimented in Cattails provide mosquito habitat