FINDINGS FROM FIRE TESTS IN TUNNEL CONSTRUCTIONS WITH VENTILATION SYSTEMS AND FIXED FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS
|
|
- Emerald Cox
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 FINDINGS FROM FIRE TESTS IN TUNNEL CONSTRUCTIONS WITH VENTILATION SYSTEMS AND FIXED FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS Hofer R., IBS Institute for Technical Fire Protection and Safety Research, Linz / Austria OVERVIEW The IBS Institute for Technical Fire Protection and Safety Research was able to gather numerous findings during the last years which were obtained in the course of controlling fire tests in tunnel constructions. It is the aim of the lecture to take a look at the time flow from the start of fire, detection, system activation to the point of the stable state both by the example of ventilation systems and by the example of fixed fire suppression systems (in combination with ventilation systems) and to provide evidence with exemplary measured curves (flow speed, temperature profile, turbidity, etc.). On the basis of these kind of measured curves as well as visual observations (videos) an assessments can be made under consideration of the time course how far the ventilation system and/ or the fixed fire suppression systems are significant for reaching the intended protection goals in underground traffic constructions self-rescue phase, escape exit safety in the direct fire area and outside of the fire area, support of the fire fighting operations and sustainment of the carrying capacity of the tunnel construction. 1. INTRODUCTION Different guidelines for the operation of tunnel constructions, which have partly been declared binding in relevant laws in some countries, control the requirements concerning ventilation systems (for example RVS in Austria) and partly already at fixed fire suppression systems, as far as they are considered as necessary based on an object-related risk assessment (expert observation of the potential risk depending on the traffic volume). In the Uptun - Engineering Guidance for Water Based Fire Fighting Systems for the Protection of Tunnels and Subsurface Facilities (Work Package 2 of the Research Project UPTUN of the European Commission (Revision 08) R251 - August 2007) there are for example very specific minimum requirements for the execution of fixed fire suppression systems. 2. FIRE TESTS For verification the IBS took charge of the testing for different fire tests and carried out all measurements accompanying. Finally the recorded test results got evaluated and an according test report including the evaluation of the results for the specific fire test series got issued Ventilation systems in case of fire The general requirements for ventilation systems in case of fire as required in Austria in the relevant RVS guidelines are as follows: Longitudinal ventilation with one-way traffic: - Set value longitudinal flow velocity : 1,5-2 m/s Longitudinal ventilation with two-way traffic: - Set value longitudinal flow velocity: 1,0-1,5 m/s - Jet fans: 250 C over 60 minutes
2 Semi-transverse ventilation and transverse ventilation : m³/s suction capacity related to a section of 150 m - Max. distance between the suction ports: 110 m, - In case of full transverse ventilation: max. 55 m distance between the supply air insertion openings - Test for ventilators and flaps: 400 C over 120 minutes Regarding the smoke removal capability as well as the smoke control of emergency exits the transverse ventilation systems have an advantage compared to the longitudinal ventilation systems. But the smoke layer behaviour even though works very well in general in case of longitudinal ventilation as far as the specified longitudinal flow velocity is kept -. The aim is a low smoke zone of approx. 2m at ground level. A smoke-free layer, as often mentioned in specialized literature, is definitely not given in case of real fire in tunnels. The decisive protection goal in the direct fire area is to enable the Fire Brigade to move forward with the help of breathing apparatus to carry out the extinguishing process and if necessary and still possible rescue injured people.. Furthermore it should at least be possible to keep the smoke development in the area of the nearest emergency lay-bys at a minimum so that an escape for the purpose of the self-rescue concept under consideration of the allowed limit values (CO, CO2, O2, smoke gas temperature) - stays possible Test results (Extract) During the last two decades the IBS Institute for Technical Fire Protection and Safety Research was able to gather numerous findings in the field of functional verification of ventilation systems in case of fire. First of all it should be noted that the following mentioned measuring results are exemplary and have been chosen because they represent the typical process (trend) of the measuring results such as temperature, flow velocities in front of and behind the fire area as well as CO values in a very good way. The following example shows the test results of a standard fire test (RVS) in an approx. 3 kilometre long two-way traffic tunnel with semi-transverse ventilation. Figure 1: Overview
3 Figure 2: Flow profile Figure 3: Temperature profile
4 Summary: Because the worst case situation for starting the ventilation system into the fire smoke suction operation during low traffic is given the following adjustment for ignition of the pool fires has been chosen. This adjustment has the following parameters: Ventilators turned off Partition flap (vertical flap) closed Flap approx. 50 % open The natural longitudinal flow direction in north direction was amounting to approx. 2 m/s. Approx. 1 minute and 30 seconds have been defined as pre-burning time because as known from according approval tests the alarm starts during this time in case of an open fire in all stationary linear heat detector systems in tunnel constructions. Directly after entry of the alarm signal which is normally transmitted to the tunnel control- and monitoring system redundant on the one hand by means of the serial interface of the heat detector controller, on the other hand by means potential-free contacts- the defined fire program starts (traffic light, emergency lighting activation, etc.) - and among other things the ventilation program sequence case of fire starts. In the specific case of semi-transverse ventilation the wind direction dependent ventilator north starts up 100% and the 3 suction flaps which are assigned to the fire area open up 100%. This start-up procedure (ventilators are normally started over frequency converters) takes about 2 minutes. Only at this point the ventilation system starts to activate regardless of the previously activated operating program -. Until then depending on the prevailing longitudinal flow velocity an uncontrolled smoke propagation is expected. Approx. 1 minute later the aimed start-up of the ventilation sections causes the stop of the longitudinal flow to => 0 m/s, whereby it is achieved that from this point the smoke which is produced by the source of fire can be controllably discharged over the ventilation section of approx. 130 m. Again 1 minute later the aimed smoke layer (at the top smoke layer, at the bottom low-smoke zone) is visually obvious. From this point it at least enables the Fire Brigade to move forward with appropriate protective equipment. The maximum smoke temperatures measured along the ceiling within the suction zone at that time already move < 60 C Fixed fire suppression systems The IBS Institute for Technical Fire Protection and Safety Research was already able to gather findings at the end of the 90 s which were obtained in the course of a fire test series with real burning tests in tunnel constructions in combination with fixed fire suppression systems. On the basis of the previously run research project EUREKA EU 499: FIRETUNE the following minimum requirements were made for these fixed fire suppression systems regarding the protection goal of these systems: - < 350 C in a distance of 5 meters within 120 seconds - < 250 C in a distance of 5 meters within 5 minutes - < 50 C in a distance of 20 meters within 120 seconds - Prevention of a flashover to neighbouring, combustible materials in a distance of 5 meters to the fire - Protection of the tunnel construction (< 100 C, 10 mm within the concrete layer)
5 Many further test series during the last years confirmed the previously used system design which conceptually has stayed the same to date and which meanwhile has basically been recorded in the Uptun Engineering Guidance for all producers. Recent test series of the Dutch Ministry of Transport (RWS Rijkswaterstaat) in collaboration with the production and installer company Aquasys and the Norwegian test institute SINTEF showed once again the efficiency of these fixed fire suppression systems both for solid and liquid fires. The diagrams and definitions are partly taken from the report with the title Re- Scale of Aquasys Water Fire Suppression in Runehamer Test Tunnel, No.: NBL F08113, SINTEF NBL as dated 22 nd June 2008 and have been released for presentation both by the RWS Rijkswaterstaat and the Aquasys Technik GmbH Solid fires Enclosed an extract of the measuring results from a test series with an approx. 100 MW fire, which has been reached by ignition of a stack of 180 wooden pallets. Figure 4: Temperature Profile, 180 wooden pallets Data from +142 m not available Figure 5: HRR course, 180 wooden pallets
6 At a pre-burning time of 8 minutes the fire develops to a total fire which causes a heat release rate of approx. 100 MW. From this point the fixed fire suppression system (high-pressure water mist) is activated. After approx. 5 minutes activity of the system the temperatures already start to move under 200 C at all measuring points in a distance of 5 meter to the fire. The heat release rate can now be reduced to MW again Liquid fires The above mentioned protection goal definition, which has been defined in the late 90s, has been concretized especially for liquid fires in the course of this test series 2007 in the Runehamer test tunnel and is defined as follows: The requirements are: - The water mist system shall control the solid design fire scenario and achieve following conditions in maximum 1 minute after activation: in a distance of 30 m upstream of the fire (upstream end), the heat flux shall be not larger than 3 kw/m², at a maximum ambient temperature of 50 ºC; in a distance of 20 m upstream of the fire (upstream end), the heat flux shall be not larger than 5 kw/m², at a maximum ambient temperature of 50 ºC; in a distance of minimum 5 m downstream the fire (downstream end), the heat flux shall be not larger than 12.5 kw/m², at a maximum ambient temperature of 280 ºC. - The water mist system shall control the fire for at least 49 minutes after the fire reduction of the first minute. - The water mist system shall extinguish the liquid design fire scenario within 1 minute upon activation. Enclosed an extract of the measuring results from a test series with an approx. 250 MW fire, which has been reached by ignition of a 100 m² diesel pool fire. Figure 6: Temperature Profile, 100 m² diesel pool fire, +5 m downstream
7 Figure 7: Temperature Profile, 100 m² diesel pool fire, +142 m downstream Figure 8: HRR course, 100 m² diesel pool fire The ignition of the 100 m² diesel pool fire already caused a ceiling temperature of approx C and a heat release rate of approx. 250 MW after approx. 2 minutes. This worst case scenario can be controlled through the fixed fire suppression system within a very short time and the extinguishing success starts within 1 minute after activation of the system.
8 CONCLUSION The following table summarized what can be derived from the test findings and which protection goals with which system types resp. their combinations can be sustained. 1) The in the table mentioned 5 minutes are only orienting values. Thereby the incipient fire phase until the earliest possible effect of a technical devise under consideration of the fire detection and system run time of the single system components, until the complete system (for example the ventilation system) is 100% available, is supposed to be demonstrated. Object-specifically this can also take 7 or 10 minutes. The quoted absolute value is therefore not decisive for the assessment.
Impact of quick incident detection on safety in terms of ventilation response
Impact of quick incident detection on safety in terms of ventilation response P. J. Sturm 1) ; C. Forster 2) ; B. Kohl 2) ; M. Bacher 1) 1) Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Thermodynamics
More informationTUNPROTEC. Active Tunnel Fire Protection
VID FIre KIll TUNPROTEC Active Tunnel Fire Protection 9 An Active Tunnel Fire General The tunnel structures are very valuable. Infrastructure tunnels, such as train tunnels and road tunnels represent very
More informationCOMPENSATORY EFFECTY OF FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS
- 259 - COMPENSATORY EFFECTY OF FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS Kratzmeir S. 1, Rothe R. 1 Peters B. 2, 1 IFAB Institute for applied fire safety research, Rostock 2 Fogtec Fire Protection, Cologne
More informationSOLIT PROJECT: WATER MIST FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS AS PART OF THE TUNNEL SAFETY SYSTEM
- 157 - SOLIT PROJECT: WATER MIST FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS AS PART OF THE TUNNEL SAFETY SYSTEM Kratzmeir S. FOGTEC Fire Protection, Research & Development, Germany Keywords: Fire Protection, Fire suppression,
More informationIMPROVING VENTILATION AND PASSIVE PROTECTION WITH FFFS
- 195 - IMPROVING VENTILATION AND PASSIVE PROTECTION WITH FFFS Rajko Rothe; IFAB, Berlin, Germany Max Lakkonen and Dirk Sprakel, FOGTEC Fire Protection, Cologne, Germany ABSTRACT This paper discusses the
More informationFIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS INTEGRATION AND COMPENSATION
FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS INTEGRATION AND COMPENSATION Stefan Kratzmeir*, IFAB Institute for applied fire safety research, Rostock, Germany Max Lakkonen, FOGTEC Fire Protection, Cologne, Germany
More informationBUILDING INDUSTRY TUNNEL RAIL TUNNEL FIRE FIGHTING WITH HIGH PRESSURE WATER MIST
BUILDING INDUSTRY TUNNEL RAIL TUNNEL FIRE FIGHTING WITH HIGH PRESSURE WATER MIST FIRE FIGHTING IS RESPONSIBILITY Fire monitoring Fire detection Fire suppression We are a leading international supplier
More informationTHE EFFECT OF A WATER MIST SYSTEM ON LARGE-SCALE TUNNEL FIRES
- 211 - THE EFFECT OF A WATER MIST SYSTEM ON LARGE-SCALE TUNNEL FIRES Ir. Victor Meeussen, Ir. Tony Lemaire, Efectis, The Netherlands DI Georg Reichsthaler, Helmut Kern, Aquasys, Austria Ir. M.P. Oude
More informationWATER MIST FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIAL CABLE TUNNELS AND TURBINE HALLS
WATER MIST FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR INDUSTRIAL CABLE TUNNELS AND TURBINE HALLS Jukka Vaari 1, Amit Lior 2 1 2 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland Marioff Corporation Oy, Vantaa,
More informationAn experimental study of the impact of tunnel suppression on tunnel ventilation
An experimental study of the impact of tunnel suppression on tunnel ventilation Yoon J. Ko and George Hadjisophocleous Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa,
More informationGerd Koffmane, Henrik Hoff, AP Sensing GmbH, Böblingen
Linear Heat Series Under Test: Extensive fire tests prove Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) enables fast and reliable control of fire protection systems in road and rail tunnels Gerd Koffmane, Henrik
More informationAUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM for TUNNEL PROTECTION with SPREAD REMOTE CONTROLLED MONITORS (TUDEM-LEGIO)
AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM for TUNNEL PROTECTION with SPREAD REMOTE CONTROLLED MONITORS (TUDEM-LEGIO) Generals Innovating fire extinguishing system for tunnel fires, for fully automatic intervention
More informationInteraction of Water Extinguishing Systems and Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilation Systems (SHEVS)
Fire Protection Leaflet Interaction of Water Extinguishing Systems and Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilation Systems (SHEVS) 0 General Regulations and recommendations missing from this leaflet do not entitle
More informationSprinklers Modeling for Tunnel Road Fire Fighting
Sprinklers Modeling for Tunnel Road Fire Fighting P. Ciambelli, M.G. Meo, P. Russo, S. Vaccaro Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, University of Salerno - ITALY 1. INTRODUCTION Loss of lives and
More informationIncreasing Fire Safety of Cologne Main Station by High Pressure Water Mist
Increasing Fire Safety of Cologne Main Station by High Pressure Water Mist Dipl.-Ing. Rüdiger Kopp FOGTEC Fire Protection ruediger.kopp@fogtec.com 1 Background of this Presentation In recent years the
More informationPHASED CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY IN MALA KAPELA TUNNEL
- 119 - ABSTRACT: PHASED CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY IN MALA KAPELA TUNNEL Darko Šaric Civil Engineering Institute of Croatia Croatia, 10.000 Zagreb, J. Rakuše 1 e-mail: dsaric@zg.igh.hr Goran Legac Croatian
More informationAUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING and VISUAL GUIDE SYSTEMS for TUNNEL PROTECTION
AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING and VISUAL GUIDE SYSTEMS for TUNNEL PROTECTION Generals Caccialanza & C. developed in the last years some technologically very innovative products, aimed to provide a very
More informationThe Mont Blanc tunnel project. Eric CESMAT, Sylvain DESANGHERE
The Mont Blanc tunnel project Eric CESMAT, Sylvain DESANGHERE 24/09/2009 International water mist conference 2009 Fires in tunnel Car fire > 4 to 8 MW Van fire > 15 MW HGV fire > 30 MW Big HGV fire > 100
More informationCOMPENSATORY EFFECTS OF FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS. Stefan Kratzmeir Managing Director.
COMPENSATORY EFFECTS OF FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS Stefan Kratzmeir Managing Director www.ifab-fire.com FFFS in Tunnels State of the Art FFFS in Tunnels are an accepted measure to increase
More informationOptimisation of ventilation systems costs by using fixed fire fighting systems (FFFS) in tunnels
Optimisation of ventilation systems costs by using fixed fire fighting systems (FFFS) in tunnels Rajko Rothe IFAB Institute for applied fire safety research, Berlin, Germany Max Lakkonen, Tobias Hoffmann
More informationand Sprinkler System in Resalat Tunnel of Tehran
CFD Simulation of Water Mist and Sprinkler System in Resalat Tunnel of Tehran Motivation Resalat tunnel is the first road tunnel in Tehran one of most crowded tunnels of Tehran my every day route, home
More informationUsing FDS Modelling to Establish Performance Criteria for Water Mist Systems on Very Large Fires in Tunnels
Using FDS Modelling to Establish Performance Criteria for Water Mist Systems on Very Large Fires in Tunnels Jack R. Mawhinney, P. Eng., FSFPE Javier J. Trelles, Ph.D. Authors & acknowledgement J. R. Mawhinney
More informationFIRE DEPARTMENT - RULES FOR FIRE PROTECTION IN AUSTRIA
93 FIRE DEPARTMENT - RULES FOR FIRE PROTECTION IN AUSTRIA INTRODUCTION 94 Legal requirements for the protection of firefighters Requirements of Building Act Fire Prevention Act Technical Guidelines OIB
More informationSAFE CABLING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS UNDER FIRE
- 249 - SAFE CABLING SYSTEMS IN TUNNELS UNDER FIRE Urs Welte Amstein + Walthert AG, Switzerland ABSTRACT The paper aims at a detailed analysis of the current know-how in the construction of tunnel cabling
More informationCHOOSING A FIRE VENTILATION STRATEGY FOR AN UNDERGROUND METRO STATION
- 165 - CHOOSING A FIRE VENTILATION STRATEGY FOR AN UNDERGROUND METRO STATION Wojciech Węgrzyński, Grzegorz Krajewski, Paweł Sulik Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), Poland ABSTRACT
More informationCase Study 1 Underground Car Park
Case Study 1 Underground Car Park Dorota Brzezińska 1, Janusz Paliszek 2, Piotr Smardz 2, Renata Ollesz 1, Karol Kaczor 2 1 Lodz University of Technology, GRID - Lodz, 2 INBEPO Wroclaw, Poland Building
More informationTHE NECESSITY OF FIRE TESTS USING THE PASSÜR TUNNEL AS AN EXAMPLE
- 287 - THE NECESSITY OF FIRE TESTS USING THE PASSÜR TUNNEL AS AN EXAMPLE Wolfgang Stroppa TIWAG - Tiroler Wasserkraft AG Eduard Wallnöfer Platz 2 A-6010 Innsbruck Fax no.: +43 / (0)512 / 506-2778 E-mail:
More informationFROM THE CLASSICAL FIRE-FIGHTING WATER SUPPLY TO STRUCTURE AND SMOKE-GAS COOLING, TAKING THE GLEINALM TUNNEL AS AN EXAMPLE, PART I
- 123 FROM THE CLASSICAL FIRE-FIGHTING WATER SUPPLY TO STRUCTURE AND SMOKE-GAS COOLING, TAKING THE GLEINALM TUNNEL AS AN EXAMPLE, PART I Ch. Kaiser Business manager of Kaiser & Mach ZT-GmbH 1. INTRODUCTION
More informationASSESSMENT OF FIRE BEHAVIOUR OF TIMBER PARTITION MATERIALS WITH A ROOM CALORIMETER
, Volume 9, Number 1, p.38-58, 2007 ASSESSMENT OF FIRE BEHAVIOUR OF TIMBER PARTITION MATERIALS WITH A ROOM CALORIMETER C.W. Leung and W.K. Chow Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong
More informationREVIEW OF TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND CALCULATION METHODS FOR DIMENSIONING OF SMOKE AND HEAT CONTROL SYSTEMS IN CASE OF FIRE IN UNDERGROUND CAR PARKS
REVIEW OF TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND CALCULATION METHODS FOR DIMENSIONING OF SMOKE AND HEAT CONTROL SYSTEMS IN CASE OF FIRE IN UNDERGROUND CAR PARKS Nikola TANASIĆ, Tomislav SIMONOVIĆ, Miloš IVOŠEVIĆ, Branislav
More informationFire in the Heinenoordtunnel, Lessons learned.
Fire in the Heinenoordtunnel, Lessons learned. René de Feijter 1, Remco van Werkhoven 2, Mark Goudzwaard 3 & Ron Beij 4 1 Efectis Netherlands BV, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands 2 Fire Department Rotterdam-Rijnmond,
More informationThe first tunnel fire. Benefits of fire
Benefits of fire suppression Quantifying the effects of suppression on energy release. This article by Fathi Tarada, managing director of fire safety, risk management, ventilation and CFD consultant Mosen
More informationImpact of Tunnel Ventilation on Tunnel Fixed Fire Suppression System
Impact of Tunnel Ventilation on Tunnel Fixed Fire Suppression System Igor Maevski, PhD, PE Jacobs Engineering, ASHRAE Member Raymond C. Klein, PE Jacobs Engineering, ASHRAE Member ABSTRACT Recently there
More informationFire Protection and Safety in Tunnels Conference Opening Remarks. Dr Fathi Tarada Secretary, PIARC Tunnel Operations Committee
Fire Protection and Safety in Tunnels Conference Opening Remarks Dr Fathi Tarada Secretary, PIARC Tunnel Operations Committee Agenda Background to the conference Key themes Recent tunnel fires Major infrastructure
More informationEMERGENCY VENTILATION FOR SMOKE CONTROL IN ROADWAY TUNNELS (NCHRP PROJECT TASK 363)
EMERGENCY VENTILATION FOR SMOKE CONTROL IN ROADWAY TUNNELS (NCHRP PROJECT 20-07 TASK 363) Louis Ruzzi PennDOT District 11 Igor Maevski, PhD, PE - Jacobs Agenda AASHTO T20 Technical Committee Roadway Tunnels
More informationAppendix AUSTRIA Vienna Kaisermühlentunnel
Appendix 2.1 - AUSTRIA Vienna Kaisermühlentunnel 1. SUMMARY A NEW MULTIMODAL TUNNEL The Kaisermühlen tunnel is located in the city of Vienna (Austria). The Kaisermühlen tunnel is a motorway tunnel in Vienna
More informationTest One: The Uncontrolled Compartment Fire
The University of Edinburgh BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering One Day Symposium on The Dalmarnock Fire Tests: Experiments & Modelling Test One: The Uncontrolled Compartment Fire Cecilia Abecassis
More informationTunnel Fire Dynamics
Tunnel Fire Dynamics Haukur Ingason Ying Zhen Li Anders Lönnermark Tunnel Fire Dynamics 1 3 Haukur Ingason Fire Research SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Borås Sweden Anders Lönnermark Fire Research
More informationHow to Use Fire Risk Assessment Tools to Evaluate Performance Based Designs
How to Use Fire Risk Assessment Tools to Evaluate Performance Based Designs 1 ABSTRACT Noureddine Benichou and Ahmed H. Kashef * Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council of Canada
More informationFEMA Recommendations for Protection of Curtained Limited Finishing Workstations using UL 1254 Listed Pre engineered Dry Chemical Systems
FEMA Recommendations for Protection of Curtained Limited Finishing Workstations using UL 1254 Listed Pre engineered Dry Chemical Systems FEMA Recommendations are based upon Live Fire Testing of Prep Stations
More informationEHAMAR EHAM HAM RUNEHA UNE. Summary of Large Scale Fire Tests in the. gram gra r. ram ra. n with the UPTUN Research Progra gr. el in.
Edited by: 100 Jan Brekelmans BSc (TNO Building and Construction on n Rese Research, earch, Cen Centre for Fire Research) 200 René é van den Bosch BSc (Promat, Tunnel Fire re e Protection) P te o 400 Tunnel
More informationRoad Tunnel Classification System for Fire Brigades Prof. Haukur Ingason SP
Road Tunnel Classification System for Fire Brigades Prof. Haukur Ingason SP The presentation 1. Background and objectives 2. Exemples of tactics 3. The concept basis 4. The classification system 5. Conclusions
More informationLarge scale fire tests with fixed fire fighting system in Runehamar tunnel
Large scale fire tests with fixed fire fighting system in Runehamar tunnel Haukur Ingason Glenn Appel Ying Zhen Li SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Fire Technology SP Report 214:32 Large scale
More informationRETOS Y TENDENCIAS DESARROLLO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA EN AUSTRIA. Leonardo Rosas Sánchez Bogotá Agosto 9 de 2018
RETOS Y TENDENCIAS DESARROLLO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA EN AUSTRIA Leonardo Rosas Sánchez Bogotá Agosto 9 de 2018 Table of content 1. Safety standards for road and railway tunnels 2. Upgrading the Alrberg Tunnel
More informationInnovative Solutions for Active Fire Protection in Road/Rail Tunnels and Underground Facilities
Innovative Solutions for Active Fire Protection in Road/Rail Tunnels and Underground Facilities Roger A. Dirksmeier, FOGTEC Fire Protection, Germany Fire Protection Conference Tel Aviv, 4 th of April 2016
More informationNOVENCO CAR PARK THRUST VENTILATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION. Pure competence in air.
NOVENCO CAR PARK THRUST VENTILATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Pure competence in air. PREFACE GROWING NEED Cars have become a natural part of everyday life. Despite widespread public transport systems, most people
More informationSIGNALISATION AND VISUAL GUIDE INTERACTIVE SYSTEM for EVACUATION ROUTES in TUNNELS and CONFINED AREAS
SIGNALISATION AND VISUAL GUIDE INTERACTIVE SYSTEM for EVACUATION ROUTES in TUNNELS and CONFINED AREAS 19-03-2010 rev.3 P_gal_5a_EN page 1 Description and technical data of the system Innovating system
More informationFIRESEAT
PROTECTION OF TUNNELS WITH WATER MIST SYSTEMS Stefan Kratzmeir IFAB ABSTRACT Water Mist Systems are more and more used for the protection of tunnels. The development started with the European research
More informationFull-scale Experiment of Longitudinal Ventilation Smoke Control System and Central Smoke Exhaust System in City Underwater Tunnel
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 52 ( 2013 ) 330 335 Full-scale Experiment of Longitudinal Ventilation Smoke Control System and Central Smoke Exhaust System in City Underwater
More informationGothenburg dance hall, Sweden, 1998
Gothenburg dance hall, Sweden, 1998 The fire occurred on 28 October 1998 in a crowded dance hall in Gothenburg. 63 people died, 120 were injured and about 60 were rescued by the fire brigade. The hall
More informationThird Runway Project APM Depot Fire Engineering Design. Presented by Ir Wilson Sau-kit TSANG
1 Third Runway Project APM Depot Fire Engineering Design Presented by Ir Wilson Sau-kit TSANG 1 2 Presentation Overview 1. Project Background and Depot Overview 2. Building Information and Challenge for
More informationThis document is a preview generated by EVS
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 15657 First edition 2013-06-15 Fire resistance tests Guidelines for computational structural fire design Essais de résistance au feu Lignes directrices sur la conception statistique
More informationSurvey of the Burning Behaviour of the Refrigerant HFO-1234yf Brief Report
D M T G m b H & C o. K G B u i l d i n g S a f e t y Expert Body for Fire Protection Tremoniastraße 13 44137 Dortmund GERMANY Phone +49 231-5333-0 Fax +49 231-5333-299 Emaill: gs@dmt.de http://www.dmt.de
More informationFire and smoke management in a uni-directional road tunnel for a congested traffic condition
Fire and smoke management in a uni-directional road tunnel for a congested traffic condition Y Liu, J Munro Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia B Dandie Thiess Pty Ltd., Australia ABSTRACT Emergency smoke ventilation
More informationStudy of Numerical Analysis on Smoke Exhaust Performance of Portable Smoke Exhaust Fan
Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics, 2017, 7, 205-218 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojfd ISSN Online: 2165-3860 ISSN Print: 2165-3852 Study of Numerical Analysis on Smoke Exhaust Performance of Portable Smoke
More informationCFD STUDY OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN TUNNEL FIRES
UDC 614.84 : 628.854 : 52-17 DOI: 10.7562/SE2011.1.01.03 Original article www.safety.ni.ac.rs DARKO ZIGAR 1 DESIMIR JOVANOVIĆ 2 MARTINA ZDRAVKOVIĆ 3 1-4 University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational Safety
More informationFire protection on chemical manufacturing sites
CFPA-E No 18:2008 Fire protection on chemical manufacturing sites FOREWORD The European fire protection associations have decided to produce common guidelines in order to achieve similar interpretation
More informationWater mist fire suppression systems. Minifog ProCon Low-pressure water mist system
Water mist fire suppression systems Minifog ProCon Minifog ProCon Low-pressure water mist system IRE PROTECTION Efficient even for non-enclosed equipment Minifog ProCon systems by Minimax use innovative
More informationTunnel. Neumarkt. Stationary Fire Protection Case Study
Tunnel Neumarkt Stationary Fire Protection Case Study Rosenbauer Tunnel Case Study Every second counts in an emergency. Tunnel extinguishing systems from Rosenbauer. Making tunnels safer. The catastrophic
More informationSIMPLE AND RELIABLE FIRE DETECTION IN ROAD TUNNELS
SIMPLE AND RELIABLE FIRE DETECTION IN ROAD TUNNELS Dr. Arnd Rogner Metaphysics SA 1 Contents Actual detection technologies (in Europe) Field experience in tunnel fire detection System integration 2 Road
More informationCase Study of Underground Car Park. Team Japan
11th Conference on Performance Based Codes and Fire Safety Design Methods Case Study of Underground Car Park Team Japan We focused on the characteristics of the fire behavior of car fire. Car fire is not
More informationFEMA RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTECTION OF CURTAINED LIMITED FINISHING WORKSTATIONS USING UL 1254 LISTED PRE-ENGINEERED DRY CHEMICAL SYSTEMS
FEMA RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROTECTION OF CURTAINED LIMITED FINISHING WORKSTATIONS USING UL 1254 LISTED PRE-ENGINEERED DRY CHEMICAL SYSTEMS FEMA RECOMMENDATIONS ARE BASED UPON LIVE FIRE TESTING OF PREP STATIONS
More informationProven Fire Fighting Efficiency for Large Transformers with High Pressure Water Mist
Proven Fire Fighting Efficiency for Large Transformers with High Pressure Water Mist Dipl.-Ing. Rüdiger Kopp FOGTEC Fire Protection ruediger.kopp@fogtec.com 1 Water Mist for Transformer Fire Protection
More informationCERTIFICATION BULLETIN
ULC Subject C80.1 ULC G 5.2 ULC CCF February 14, 2012 CERTIFICATION BULLETIN 2012-01 Second Edition of ULC/ORD-C80.1 NMETALLIC TANKS FOR OIL-BURNER FUELS AND OTHER COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS Members of the Council
More informationAPPLICATION BULLETIN COMBUSTION TURBINE FACILITIES. Overview
Overview Modern combustion (or gas) turbine packages typically include an axial compressor, a combustion section and a turbine. Both compressor and turbine sections consist of one or more sets of fixed
More informationFire Detection and Fire Fighting Testing and Approval on Railway Vehicles
Fire Detection and Fire Fighting Testing and Approval on Railway Vehicles Peter Stahl Wagner Schweiz AG, Wallisellen, Switzerland Abstract Fire detection system and firefighting solutions are getting a
More informationOVERCOMING EVACUATION LIMITATIONS OF THE UČKA TUNNEL BY IMPROVEMENT OF FIRE SAFETY MEASURES
- 119 - OVERCOMING EVACUATION LIMITATIONS OF THE UČKA TUNNEL BY IMPROVEMENT OF FIRE SAFETY MEASURES Drakulić M., Lozica M. Brodarski institute d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia ABSTRACT This paper considers a possible
More informationWater Mist-Based Fire Suppression Modelling of an Office Space Scenario
Water Mist-Based Fire Suppression Modelling of an Office Space Scenario Hai Jiang, Vaidya Sankaran, Med Colket, May Corn United Technologies Research Center Kati Laakkonen Marioff Corporation 14th International
More informationPassive fire protection. 6 Passive fire protection. 6.1 Fire compartmentation. Passive fire protection
6 Inside buildings there are two types of fire protection systems: Active Fire Protection and Passive Fire Protection. Both systems should actively work together in the event of a fire. 6.1.1 The four
More informationSmoke control in car parks
Smoke control in car parks The actual situation in CEN TC 191 SC1 WG9 Imagine the result Jean-Claude DE SMEDT MIFireE,MSFPE,MNFPA Senior Fire Safety Engineering Consultant @ ARCADIS Belgium Convener of
More informationCFD-AIDED TENABILITY ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY TUNNEL TRAIN FIRE SCENARIOS
CFD-AIDED TENABILITY ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY TUNNEL TRAIN FIRE SCENARIOS Yunlong Liu*, Xijuan Liu and Bradley Paroz Fire Science and Technology Laboratory CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology
More informationUSING A REAL TIME SIMULATOR IN A LARGE AND COMPLEX ROAD TUNNEL FOR TIME AND COST SAVINGS
USING A REAL TIME SIMULATOR IN A LARGE AND COMPLEX ROAD TUNNEL FOR TIME AND COST SAVINGS Lars Elertson, Swedish Transport Administration Abstract 56 km of tunnel tubes compose the road tunnel E4 Stockholm
More informationModeling a real backdraft incident fire
Advanced Computational Methods in Heat Transfer IX 279 Modeling a real backdraft incident fire A. Tinaburri 1 & M. Mazzaro 2 1 Central Direction for Prevention and Technical Safety, Firefighters, Public
More information1.0 INTRODUCTION. Shaw Industries Group 2 SwRI Project No c
1.0 INTRODUCTION This report presents the results of a fire performance evaluation in accordance with the 2011 Edition of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 265, Standard Methods of Fire
More informationDate: Place: Technical University of Denmark. Knowledge FOr Resilient society
Date: 27-06-2017 Place: Technical University of Denmark Knowledge FOr Resilient society 11B25 Smoke and temperature ACTION 11B04 11B12 fire development 11B01 Evacuation human behaviour building response
More informationMobile ventilation units in tunnels
Mobile ventilation units in tunnels Xavier Deckers Mathieu Verpaele FIRE ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS GHENT BVBA (FESG) Oudenaardsesteenweg 32 G B - 9000 Gent T: +32 9 280 03 69 E: info@fesg.be W: www.fesg.be
More informationInternational Seminar on Long Tunnels - October 17-19, 2012 CHILE Santiago World Road Association (PIARC )
TUNNEL MANAGEMENT IN QUEBEC (CANADA) Maintenance, Operation and Safety Management of urban Road Tunnels in Canada INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON LONG TUNNELS Chile, Santiago (October 17-19, 2012) Alexandre Debs,
More informationBUILDING INDUSTRY TUNNEL RAIL BUILDING & INDUSTRY FIRE FIGHTING WITH HIGH PRESSURE WATER MIST
BUILDING INDUSTRY TUNNEL RAIL BUILDING & INDUSTRY FIRE FIGHTING WITH HIGH PRESSURE WATER MIST FIRE FIGHTING IS RESPONSIBILITY Historical buildings Pump room design Project specific piping BUILDING We are
More informationIncident Summary (Reference # )
Incident Summary (Reference # 5616714) Incident Date June 06, 2017 Location Regulated industry sector Abbotsford Gas Natural Gas System SUPPORTING INFORMATION Impact Injury Damage Incident rating Qty injuries
More informationMethod for testing the suppression performance of fire suppression systems installed in engine compartments of buses and coaches
2014-09-19 SP Method 4912 Method for testing the suppression performance of fire suppression systems installed in engine compartments of buses and coaches 2014-09-19 page 2 (17) Copyright This test method
More informationFOGTEC Rail Systems. Rolling Stock Applications. Fire Protection Solutions from one source. Leading in Fire Protection
Fire Protection Solutions from one source FOGTEC Rail Systems Rolling Stock Applications The Smarter Way of Fire Fighting 1 TUNNEL FIRE PROTECTION Tel Aviv, 4th April 2016 Michele Barbagli Area Sales Manager
More informationAspirating Gas Detection CFD Modelling Predicts Application Performance
Aspirating Gas Detection CFD Modelling Predicts Application Performance Yun Jiang Xtralis, Bentleigh East, Australia Claudio Groppetti Xtralis, Avon, MA, USA Abstract Historically gas detection has utilized
More informationFire protection of emergency electrical devices: effect on the level of risk a case study of a rail tunnel
Safety and Security Engineering VI 73 Fire protection of emergency electrical devices: effect on the level of risk a case study of a rail tunnel M. Lombardi & G. Rossi Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica
More informationFire Extinguishing Concepts for Recycling Plants. 1 Fire Extinguishing Concepts for Recycling Plants
Fire extinguishing concepts for recycling plants 341 Fire Extinguishing Concepts for Recycling Plants Günter Knopf Ingenieurbüro für Anlagentechnischen Brandschutz Heidesee (Engineering firm for plant-specific
More informationState of the Road Tunnel Safety Technology in Japan. Hideto Mashimo 1
State of the Road Tunnel Safety Technology in Japan by Hideto Mashimo 1 ABSTRACT As more and more tunnels have been constructed to develop new road network through mountainous ranges or to avoid environmental
More informationFire and Extinguishing Tests on Computer Equipment
WHITE PAPER Fire and Extinguishing Tests on Computer Equipment One Stanton Street / Marinette, WI 54143-2542, USA / +1-715-735-7411 / www.ansul.com Copyright 2016 Tyco Fire Products LP. / All rights reserved.
More informationHigh challenge warehouse case study Summary
High challenge warehouse case study Summary February 19, 2010 Richard Gallagher Michael Gollner Zurich Services Corporation Objectives Review the results of the high challenge warehouse workshop Recognize
More informationThe Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning s general recommendations on the analytical design of a building s fire protection, BBRAD
The Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning s general recommendations on the analytical design of a building s fire protection, BBRAD BFS 2011:27 with amendments up to BFS 2013:12 The
More informationMEDIUM-DENSITY HOUSING # 7. Fire safety
BRANZ FACTS MEDIUM-DENSITY HOUSING # 7 Fire safety Moving from low-density to medium-density housing (MDH) involves people living in closer proximity. This has a number of implications for fire safety
More informationEARLY FIRE DETECTION IN SWISS ROAD TUNNELS WITH MORE THAN FIREGUARD SENSORS
- 87 - EARLY FIRE DETECTION IN SWISS ROAD TUNNELS WITH MORE THAN 1 500 FIREGUARD SENSORS W.W. Schuldt SIGRIST-PHOTOMETER AG, Switzerland ABSTRACT Major fire incidents in road tunnels with a larger number
More informationVentilation for Smoke Control, Fire Control & Life Safety in Tunnels. Dr. Ricky Carvel BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering University of Edinburgh
Ventilation for Smoke Control, Fire Control & Life Safety in Tunnels Dr. Ricky Carvel BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering University of Edinburgh Tunnel Ventilation? Tunnel ventilation was invented
More informationExit Routes, Emergency Action Plans, Fire Prevention Plans, and Fire Protection
Exit Routes, Emergency Action Plans, Fire Prevention Plans, and Fire Protection Introduction Fires and explosions kill more than 200 and injure more than 5,000 workers each year There is a long and tragic
More informationVENTILATION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS IN ROAD TUNNELS: SOME ISSUES REGARDING THEIR APPROPRIATE USE IN A FIRE EMERGENCY
VENTILATION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS IN ROAD TUNNELS: SOME ISSUES REGARDING THEIR APPROPRIATE USE IN A FIRE EMERGENCY Ricky Carvel, Guillermo Rein & José L. Torero BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering,
More informationProcedure for the Approval of New Fire Detection and Alarm Technologies
VdS Guidelines for Automatic Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems VdS 3469en Procedure for the Approval of New Fire Detection and Alarm Technologies VdS 3469en : 2016-01 (01) Publisher and publishing
More informationCFD ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY TUNNEL TRAIN FIRE SCENARIOS
CFD ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY TUNNEL TRAIN FIRE SCENARIOS Yunlong Liu*, Xijuan Liu and Bradley Paroz Fire Science and Technology Laboratory CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology PO Box 310 North
More informationCOSTCO, SAN FRANCISCO A PRESCRIPTIVE AND PERFORMANCE BASED ANALYSIS OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND DESIGN
COSTCO, SAN FRANCISCO A PRESCRIPTIVE AND PERFORMANCE BASED ANALYSIS OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND DESIGN Presented by Ian Levine June, 2016 Photo courtesy of Google Maps PRESENTATION OVERVIEW BUILDING
More informationJapanese Case Study: How to maintain the fire safety in subway station and tunnel
Japanese Case Study: How to maintain the fire safety in subway station and tunnel Takashi Kusa Railway International Standards Center 12 October 2011 Contents About Railway International Standards Center
More informationNUMERICAL STUDIES ON BARE CABIN FIRES WITH OPERATION OF SMOKE EXTRACTION SYSTEM
, Volume 11, Number 2, p.43-48, 2012 NUMERICAL STUDIES ON BARE CABIN FIRES WITH OPERATION OF SMOKE EXTRACTION SYSTEM Q. Kui Institute of Building Fire Research, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing,
More informationDeveloping a Fire Test Strategy for Storage Protection Under Sloped Ceilings
Developing a Fire Test Strategy for Storage Protection Under Sloped Ceilings Justin A. Geiman, Noah L. Ryder Fire & Risk Alliance, Rockville, MD, USA André W. Marshall Custom Spray Solutions, Silver Spring,
More informationFM Approval Standard For Cavity Walls And Rainscreens
FM4411 - Approval Standard For Cavity Walls And Rainscreens Mark D. Tyrol, P.E. FM Approvals Air Barrier Association of America (ABAA) is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects
More information