LIFE SAFETY TRAINING Nebraska Health Care Association Chris Moran November 1, 2017

Transcription

1 LIFE SAFETY TRAINING Nebraska Health Care Association Chris Moran November 1, 2017 WHO WE ARE We are a global company offering specialty engineering and consulting services for the built environment. We have nearly 1,200 engineers, consultants, scientists and professionals focused on evaluating risks and developing practical, cost effective solutions for our clients protection, safety and security needs. 36+ years of specialty engineering and consulting services experience Our global clients include numerous Fortune 500 companies that encompass architects, designers, general contractors, developers, building owners and facility operators. 2

2 Agenda Learning Outcomes: Top 10 k-tags Inspection, testing, and maintenance (ITM) requirements Fire extinguishers Sprinkler systems Fire alarm systems Fire doors Facility personnel vs. licensed contractor ITM 3 Overview Purpose: Identify ways to avoid common deficiencies Identify importance of fixing deficiencies Understand what regular ITM applies to your facility Discuss specific requirements for different life safety systems in the facility Understand level of expertise required to perform ITM 4

3 Discussions This is a discussion, not a speech Need input from you Helps me help you better Identify issues to follow-up on Ask questions 5 CMS Updates Important Information FSES S&C year waiver Emergency Preparedness Rule 11/15/17 S&C Electrical Breaker Testing Not recommended by manufacturers Fire Door Inspections S&C Full compliance by 1/1/18 Cited under K211 Non-rated doors as part of facility maintenance program 6

4 CMS Updates Important Information K-tags with additional criteria K224 No hazards for manual horizontal doors K325 ABHR inappropriate access protection K712 Quals for planning/conducting drills K712 Fire drill regularity K900 Quals for risk assessment K912 Reference error K918 Circuit breaker testing not available from manufacturers 7 CMS Updates Important Information Extent of CMS Survey Customary Access Fire Alarm DACT Minimum of 1 POTS line Risk Assessments New construction 8

5 NURSING HOME FIRES PruittHealth Palymra, residents evacuated Fire in bathroom, mainly water and smoke damage No life threatening injuries Two of 4 wings closed indefinitely Albany Herald 9 NURSING HOME FIRES NHC Health Care Center, Nashville, women dead, ages 76 to critically injured Fire on 2 nd floor (cause undetermined) No sprinklers in residential area The smoke was so thick you could cut it with a knife 10

6 NURSING HOME FIRES King s Manor Nursing Home, displaced residents Fire in storage closet (ruled accidental) Extensive damage Amarillo Globe News 11 NURSING HOME FIRES Henan Province (China) Nursing Home Fire, residents killed, 6 injured Cause of fire not known Home completely destroyed Not anticipated that sprinklers provided Bbc.com 12

7 NFPA HEALTH CARE FIRE DATA 1 Health Care Data Civilian deaths in health care facilities : 6 deaths : 4 deaths Nursing home data Civilian deaths in nursing home facilities : 3 deaths 88% of fires were confined to the object of origin 3% of fires spread beyond the room of origin 1 Richard Campbell, (2016). Structure Fires in Health Care Facilities. NFPA, Quincy, MA. 13 NFPA HEALTH CARE FIRE DATA 1 14

8 NFPA HEALTH CARE FIRE DATA 1 Structure fires in health care facilities have followed a steady downward trend over past decade Fire departments responded to 5,650 structure fires in health care properties per year in $45 million in direct property damage cooking was the leading cause of fires (65%) 1 Richard Campbell, (2016). Structure Fires in Health Care Facilities. NFPA, Quincy, MA. 15 NFPA HEALTH CARE FIRE DATA 1 16

9 NFPA HEALTH CARE FIRE DATA 1 1 Richard Campbell, (2016). Structure Fires in Health Care Facilities. NFPA, Quincy, MA. 17 Health Care Facilities Maintenance Importance of resolving deficiencies Safety of patients Safety of employees Continuity of operations Liability 18

10 Top 10 Deficiencies Top 10 Life Safety Deficiencies 1. K353 Sprinkler System Maintenance (32.1%) 2. K363 Corridors - Doors (22.7%) 3. K321 Hazardous Areas Separations (21%) 4. K372 Smoke Barrier Construction (18.8%) 5. K511 Gas and Electric Utilities (18.7%) 6. K712 Fire Drills (15.4%) 7. K345 Testing of Fire Alarm System (13.6%) 8. K324 Cooking Facilities (11.6%) 9. K920 Power Cords and Extension Cords (11.1%) 10. K351 Sprinkler System Installation (10.7%) 19 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance LSC , 9.7.5, 9.7.7, , NFPA 25 provides requirements for regular inspection, testing and maintenance (ITM) Up-to-date records Date sprinkler system last checked Who provided system test Water system supply source Provide in remarks info on coverage for any non-required or partial system 20

11 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance How to avoid? 21 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance How to avoid? Keep records on-site 2 staff member knowledge Review changes in occupancy/use 22

12 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance Component Inspection Testing Maintenance Control Valves Monthly Annually Annually Alarm Device Quarterly Semi-Annually N/A Sprinklers Annually 50 Years* N/A Pipe/Fittings Annually N/A N/A Fire Dept. Conn. Quarterly N/A N/A Main Drain N/A Annually N/A Alarm Valve 5 Years Annually N/A Check Valve 5 Years N/A N/A Dry-Pipe Valve Annually Quarterly/Annually Annually Backflow Preventer Monthly Annually N/A 23 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance Zone Control Assembly Alarm Check Valve 24

13 CMS Top 10 Citations K353 Automatic Sprinkler System Maintenance Backflow Preventer Check Valve Dry Pipe Valve 25 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors LSC / Substantial construction or 20-min fire rated, resist smoke 26

14 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors Roller latches prohibited S&C Permitted door gaps ¼ gap in not fully sprinklered smoke compartments ½ gap in gully sprinklered smoke compartments No impediment Positive latching hardware Auto/ self- closing on exits, smoke barriers, etc. Unlimited height protective plates permitted Powered doors permitted 27 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors How to avoid? 28

15 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors Door unable to close No Latching 29 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors How to avoid? 30

16 CMS Top 10 Citations K363 Corridors - Doors How to avoid? Keep records on-site Repairs breaks or damage immediately Visual inspections Labels Damage Hardware 31 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction LSC / Self / auto-closing doors New construction: 1-hr fire barrier, 45 minute fire door Existing Construction: 1-hr fire barrier or sprinkler protection with smoke partition 32

17 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction Hazardous areas include: Boiler Room Fuel Fired Heater Room 33 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction Hazardous areas include: Laundries > 100 ft 2 Repair, Maint. & Paint Shops 34

18 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction Hazardous areas include: Laboratories Combustible Storage > 100 ft 2 35 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction Hazardous areas include: Trash Collection Rooms Soiled Linen Rooms 36

19 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction 37 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction How to avoid? 38

20 CMS Top 10 Citations K321 Hazardous Areas Separated by Construction How to avoid? Check functionality of doors Self-closing or automatic-closing Field applied protective plates limited to 48 from floor Check for unprotected penetrations in walls 39 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Subdivision of Building Spaces: Smoke Barrier Construction LSC , / , Fire resistance in accordance with LSC 8.5 Windows protected by fire-rated glazing or wired glass panels Minimum of 2 compartments per floor NFPA 101 NFPA

21 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Subdivision of Building Spaces: Smoke Barrier Construction Buildings subdivided as follows: In-patient sleeping/ treatment rooms divided into at least 2 compartments Stories with occupant load > 50 divided into at least 2 compartments Compartments cannot exceed 22,500 ft 2 Limit travel distance to 200 ft 41 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Smoke Barrier Construction Typical smoke barrier penetrations 42

22 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Smoke Barrier Construction NEW NFPA 101 NFPA 101 EXISTING 43 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Smoke Barrier Construction How to avoid? 44

23 CMS Top 10 Citations K372 Smoke Barrier Construction How to avoid? Check for unprotected penetrations Verify functionality of door-closing device Doors are not required to be tested per NFPA CMS Top 10 Citations K511 Gas and Electric Utilities LSC , , 9.1.1, Equipment using gas or related gas piping complies with NFPA 54 Electrical wiring and equipment complies with NFPA 70 Existing installations can continue in service as long as there is no hazard to life 46

24 CMS Top 10 Citations K511 Gas and Electric Utilities How to avoid? 47 CMS Top 10 Citations K511 Gas and Electric Utilities How to avoid? Keep on-site records Verify hazard of existing conditions 48

25 CMS Top 10 Citations K712 Fire Drills LSC / Held quarterly on each shift Shift change drills only count for 1 shift Coded announcement permitted when drills conducted between 9 pm and 6 am Documented and records maintained today.duke.edu 49 CMS Top 10 Citations K712 Fire Drills Employees periodically instructed on their duties during a drill Employee response includes: Removal of all occupants directly involved with fire emergency Transmission of fire alarm signal to warn building occupants Confining fire by closing doors Relocation of patients as detailed in fire safety plan Bedridden patients not required to evacuate 50

26 CMS Top 10 Citations K712 Fire Drills How to avoid? 51 CMS Top 10 Citations K712 Fire Drills How to avoid? Keep on-site records Ensure staff is familiar with routines and procedures Ensure staff competent and responsible 52

27 CMS Top 10 Citations K345 Testing of Fire Alarm LSC Up-to-date records 2 staff member minimum knowledge ITM requirements in NFPA CMS Top 10 Citations K345 Testing of Fire Alarm Device Visual Inspection Testing Smoke/Heat Detector Semi-Annual Annual Pull Station Semi-Annual Annual Duct Detector Semi-Annual Annual Tamper Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Flow Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Horns/Strobes Semi-Annual Annual DACT Semi-Annual Annual Remote Annunciator Semi-Annual Annual Control Equipment Annual Annual Battery* Semi-Annual/Monthly Annual/Semi-Annual *Frequency dependent on battery type 54

28 CMS Top 10 Citations K345 Testing of Fire Alarm How to avoid? 55 CMS Top 10 Citations K345 Testing of Fire Alarm How to avoid? Keep on-site, up-to-date records 2 staff member minimum knowledge Check devices for visual damage 56

29 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities LSC / / Commercial cooking equipment in accordance with NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Equipment 57 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities Residential cooking equipment (small appliances) permitted to be used for food warming or limited cooking Cooking facilities protected according to NFPA 96 are not required to be enclosed as hazardous areas, but shall not be open to corridor 58

30 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities / Cooking facilities open to the corridor in smoke compartments with 30 or fewer patients shall comply with the following: Cook top has a suppression system (UL 300A), grease collection, and 500 cfm minimum exhaust Interlocks to shut down fuel and electrical power Smoke zone limited to 30 beds Two smoke alarms located feet away Smoke detectors not located within 20 ft 59 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities 60

31 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities TIA 12-2 Applies to cooking facilities in new and existing healthcare occ. (Ch. 18/19) Permits smoke alarm to be located outside of kitchen area to meet distance requirements Smoke detector permitted to be used in lieu of smoke alarm Can emit local signal without activating building fire alarm Local silencing of the audible notification is permitted 61 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities How to avoid? 62

32 CMS Top 10 Citations K324 Cooking Facilities How to avoid? Compliance with NFPA 96 Ensure proper use of equipment Small equipment used for limited cooking and heating Ensure proper separations to the corridor unless exceptions met 63 CMS Top 10 Citations K920 Power Cords and Electric Cords LSC Used only for components of movable patient care related equipment (PCREE) that meet the conditions of Power strips may be used for computers, monitors, and printers outside patient care vicinity MEDICAL DEVICES allowed within limitations 64

33 CMS Top 10 Citations K920 Power Cords and Electric Cords Power strips for PCREE meet UL 1363A or UL Power strips for non-pcree in the patient care rooms (outside of vicinity) meet UL 1363 Extension cords are not used as a substitute for fixed wiring of a structure Extension cords used temporarily are removed immediately upon completion of the purpose for which it was installed and meets the conditions of CMS Top 10 Citations K920 Power Cords and Electric Cords How to avoid? 66

34 CMS Top 10 Citations K920 Power Cords and Electric Cords How to avoid? Ensure proper use Computers, monitors outside patient vicinity Components of movable patient care equipment Extension cords not used as substitution for fixed wiring 67 CMS Top 10 Citations K351 Sprinkler System Installation LSC / Sprinkler protection required in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems In Type I & II construction, alternative protection measures permitted in lieu of sprinkler system in specific areas where AHJ prohibits sprinklers 68

35 CMS Top 10 Citations K351 Sprinkler System Installation Sprinkler devices connected to FA panel Closets, built-in wardrobes and bathrooms require sprinklers Exterior combustible canopies > 4 69 CMS Top 10 Citations K351 Sprinkler System Installation NFPA

36 CMS Top 10 Citations K351 Sprinkler System Installation How to avoid? 71 CMS Top 10 Citations K351 Sprinkler System Installation How to avoid? Ensure sprinklers installed in all rooms, especially when walls are relocated Listed quick-response sprinklers or listed residential sprinklers are used throughout smoke compartments with patient sleeping rooms in new facilities 72

37 OTHER CITATIONS 923 (Gas Cylinder/Equip Storage) 10.6% 918 (Essential Electrical ITM) 9.9% 521 (HVAC) 9.6% 271 (Exit Discharge) 9.5% 211 (Means of Egress Requirements) 9.3% 73 CONCLUSION SUMMARY OF K-TAGS Majority of citations concern regular maintenance or drills Keep track of maintenance and records Ensure sprinkler protection provided throughout Maintain exits, doors and walls in working order 74

38 RECENT SURVEY DISCUSSION OPEN DISCUSSION Survey Trends Recent Experiences 75 DISCUSSION OPEN DISCUSSION What can your facility do to minimize deficiencies? What are the benefits of keeping up with facility maintenance? 76

39 What is ITM Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance Service: A service program provided by a qualified contractor or qualified property owner s representative where all system components are inspected and tested at the required frequency and necessary maintenance is provided 77 Qualified A competent and capable person or company that has met the requirements and training for a given field acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. 78

40 Who is Responsible for ITM? THE OWNER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITM International Fire Code NFPA 101 and Referenced Standards (excerpt from NFPA 25) 79 ITM Why Test & Inspect? It is REQUIRED by code NFPA Edition (CMS) adopts: NFPA Edition NFPA Edition NFPA Edition NFPA Edition State Fire Code Adopts: NFPA Edition NFPA Edition NFPA Edition NFPA Edition NFPA Edition Mitigate the owner s liability Stay on top of deficiencies 80

41 ITM Why Test & Inspect? Continuity of building operations General life safety Liability associated with not performing ITM 81 NFPA 10, 2010 Edition Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers 82

42 ITM: Fire Extinguishers LSC 18/ portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in all health care occupancies in accordance with LSC where required by the provisions of another section of this Code, portable fire extinguishers shall be selected, installed, inspected, and maintained in accordance with NFPA 10 K Fire Extinguisher Symbol Marking 84

43 ITM: Fire Extinguishers Internal examination at intervals based on type of extinguisher (varies from 1-6 years) Maintenance, servicing, and recharging performed by certified persons Technician must be certified by an organization with a certification program acceptable to the AHJ and have the proper tools, listed parts, and appropriate manufacturer s service manual. 85 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers The owner or designated occupant is responsible for ITM Personnel Certification required Persons training for certification permitted to perform maintenance under direct supervision of a certified person Persons passing the testing process issued a certificate Persons performing 30-day inspections not required to be certified 86

44 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers Tags or labels Tags for recording inspections not placed on front of fire extinguisher Labels indicating use or classification placed on front of fire extinguisher 87 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers 7.2 Inspection Manually inspected when initially placed in service Inspected manually at a maximum of 30-day intervals 88

45 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers Procedures check list 1. Location in designated place 2. No obstruction to access or visibility 3. Pressure gauge reading or indicator in the operable range or position 4. Fullness determined by weighting or hefting for selfexpelling-type extinguishers, cartridge-operated extinguishers, and pump tanks 5. Condition of tires, wheels, carriage, hose, and nozzle for wheeled extinguishers 6. Indicator for non-rechargeable extinguishers using pushto-test pressure indicators 89 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers Additional visual inspection required where the following conditions exist 1. High frequency of fires in the past 2. Severe hazards 3. Locations that make fire extinguishers susceptible to mechanical injury or physical damage 4. Exposure to abnormal temperatures or corrosive atmospheres 90

46 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers Additional inspection procedures 1. Verify that operating instructions on nameplates are legible and face outward 2. Check for broken or missing safety seals and tamper indicators 3. Examine for obvious physical damage, corrosion, leakage, or clogged nozzle 91 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers Inspection record keeping Records kept for all fire extinguishers inspected Date of inspections and initials of inspector recorded Inspection records kept on tag attached to extinguisher, on inspection checklist maintained on file, or by an electronic method 92

47 Chapter 7: Inspection, Maintenance, and Recharging of Portable Fire Extinguishers 7.4 Recharging Extinguishers recharged after any use, as indicated by inspection, or when maintenance is performed Amount of recharge agent verified by weighing Recharged gross weight required to be the same as the gross weight marked on the nameplate Where a gross weight is not provided on nameplate, a permanent label indicated gross weight shall be provided 93 Frequency of Internal Maintenance of Fire Extinguishers 94

48 Frequency of Internal Maintenance and Hydrostatic Testing of Fire Extinguishers 95 Discussion What are the procedures for inspection? What information must be recorded during ITM? Benefits of fire extinguisher ITM? Common deficiencies? 96

49 Summary of Fire Extinguisher ITM Visual Inspection required at a minimum of 12 times per year Follow inspection procedure checklist Keep detailed records of inspections 97 NFPA 25, 2011 Edition Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-based Fire Protection Systems 98

50 ITM: Sprinkler Systems LSC Maintenance and Testing All automatic sprinkler systems and standpipe systems required by this code inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with NFPA Responsibility of the Property Owner or Designated Representative Property owner or designated representative responsible for proper maintenance Building owner responsible for ensuring all areas of the building containing water-filled piping maintained at a minimum temperature of 40 F Property owner must notify AHJ, the fire department, and alarm-receiving facility before testing or shutting down a system or supply 100

51 4.1 Responsibility of the Property Owner or Designated Representative Information sign Permanently marked metal or rigid plastic information sign placed at the system control riser supplying antifreeze loop, dry system, preaction system, or auxiliary system control valve Sign secured with corrosion-resistant wire or chain providing the following information: 1. Location of area served by system 2. Location of auxiliary drains and low-point drains for dry pipe and preaction systems 3. Presence and location of antifreeze or other auxiliary systems 4. Presence and location(s) of heat trace Impairments Where an impairment occurs, compliance with Chapter 15 required Tag used to indicate a system or part thereof has been removed from service Tag posted at each system control valve Emergency impairments System leakage Interruption of water supply Frozen or ruptured piping Equipment failure 102

52 Sample Impairment Tag 103 Restoring Systems to Service Impairment coordinator shall verify the following procedures have been implemented: 1. Any necessary inspections and tests have been conducted to verify affected systems are operational 2. The following have been advised that protection is restored: Supervisors, fire department, property owner or designated representative, insurance carrier, alarm company, other AHJ 3. Impairment tag removed 104

53 4.3 Records Records made for all ITM readily available to AHJ upon request Indicate procedure performed, organization that performed work, results, date Inspection What gets a visual inspection? Sprinkler riser components Control & alarm check valves Gauges Sprinklers Piping Fire department connection Dry pipe valves 106

54 5.2 Inspection Why should you perform ITM? Inspection Why inspect? 108

55 5.2 Inspection 109 Sprinkler System Weekly Inspection Inspect sprinkler system Backflow Preventer (NFPA ) Physical damage Leakage Isolation valves in the open position 110

56 Sprinkler System Monthly Inspection Inspect gauges on dry sprinkler systems [NFPA ] If not supervised by the fire alarm system, confirm normal air and water pressures are being maintained Where air pressure supervision is connected to a constantly attended location can be quarterly [ ] If you are in a freezing climate, conduct the following inspections: Enclosures around dry-pipe, preaction or deluge valves maintaining a minimum of 40 F (4 C) 111 Sprinkler System Quarterly Inspection Inspect locked or supervised sprinkler system valves (NFPA & ) Normal position (open or closed - Critical on dry and preaction systems) Properly sealed, locked, and/or supervised Accessible Appropriate wrenches when required for operation No external leaks Appropriate identification 112

57 Sprinkler System Quarterly Inspection Inspect sprinkler system Alarm Check Valves (NFPA ) Valve trim valves are correct position (i.e., open or closed) Is free of leakage from the retarding chamber or alarm drains 113 Sprinkler System Quarterly Inspection Fire department connections [FDC] (NFPA ): Visible and accessible Couplings and swivels not damaged and rotate smoothly Plugs or caps in place and undamaged Gaskets in place and in good condition Identification sign(s) in place Check valve is not leaking Automatic drain valve in place and operating properly Interior of the connection is inspected for obstructions Visible piping supplying the fire department connection is undamaged 114

58 Sprinkler System Quarterly Inspection Inspect sprinkler system gauges monitoring water pressure (NFPA ): Being in good condition and free of physical damage Indicating normal water supply pressure is being maintained 115 Sprinkler System Annual Inspections Freezing climate: perform these inspections before freezing weather. What are we looking for: Adequate heat to areas where wet sprinkler piping is located? (NFPA ) Check low temperature alarms, if installed in heated valve enclosures (NFPA , , ) Check unit heater locations to prevent sprinkler activation 116

59 5.2 Inspection Sprinklers Inspected annually from floor level Replace sprinklers if any of the following conditions exist: 1. Leakage 2. Corrosion 3. Physical damage 4. Loss of fluid in the glass bulb heat responsive element 5. Loaded with dust 6. Painting unless done by manufacturer 7. Installed at incorrect orientation Inspection Sprinklers 118

60 5.2 Inspection Sprinklers Inspection Pipe and Fittings Inspected annually from floor level What to look for: Piping and fittings in good condition Mechanical damage Leaks External condition Mechanical couplings properly aligned Nothing hung or resting on pipes Pipes and fittings installed in concealed spaces do not required inspection 120

61 5.2 Inspection Pipe and Fittings Inspection Hangers and Seismic Braces Inspected annually from floor level Replace/refasten if damaged or loose Hangers and seismic braces installed in concealed spaces do not require inspection 122

62 5.2 Inspection Gauges Inspected monthly on wet pipe systems Inspected weekly on dry, preaction, and deluge systems Monthly inspection permitted where air pressure supervision is connected to a constantly attended location When gauge near compressor reads higher than gauge near dry pipe valve, take air line out of service Open alternate air line to equalize pressure Internally inspect air line taken out of service and reassemble for future use Inspection Waterflow Alarm and Supervisory Devices Inspected quarterly for physical damage Hydraulic Design Information Sign Inspected quarterly to verify secure attachment and legibility Inspected annually for standpipe systems Heat Tape Inspected per manufacturer s requirements 124

63 Sample Hydraulic Design Information Sign Testing What tests can be performed by personnel on automatic fire sprinkler systems: All required, some may be better performed by contractors: Main Drain Test Inspector s Test Alarm Test Dry Pipe Trip Test Pump Test 126

64 Owner s Section on Inspection Report 127 Main Drain Test Purpose Confirm water supply condition (pressure drop, unobstructed, clean) Frequency Annually [NFPA 25, ] Any time a riser main control valve is closed Quarterly, if backflow preventer present [NFPA 25, ] 128

65 Main Drain Test Procedures Step 1 Call the fire alarm system out of service and notify occupants (i.e., controllers, etc.). Step 2 Visually inspect the discharge location. Step 3 Note system pressure on both sides of the alarm check valve. 129 Main Drain Test Procedures Step 4 Open main drain valve. Step 5 Visually inspect the discharged water. -Clean? Clear? No debris? Step 6 Note system pressure on both sides of the alarm check valve. - excessive drops from previous tests or as-builts? 130

66 Main Drain Test Procedures (cont d) Step 7 Confirm outside water motor gong operation, if present. Step 8 Close main drain valve. Step 9 Remove bypasses and call system back into service. DONE! 131 Inspector s Test Purpose Simulate sprinkler activation Confirm operation of flow switches, water motor gong, etc. Confirm water delivery time for Dry Pipe System Frequency Every 6-months for paddletype water flow switch [NFPA 25, ] 132

67 Inspector s Test Procedures Step 1 Call the FA system out of service and notify occupants. Step 2 Visually inspect the discharge location. Step 3 Open the Inspector s Test valve. 133 Inspector s Test Procedures (cont d) Step 4 Visually inspect the discharge. Step 5 Confirm water motor gong operation, if present. (must ring within 5 minutes) Note: May be an electric bell activated by a flow switch. Step 6 Re-close the inspectors test valve. Finally Call system back into service. 134

68 Dry Sprinkler Systems Special testing considerations? Often installed because freezing is anticipated! Must be drained after testing! Test Types & Frequency Partial trip - Annual [NFPA 25, ] Full Trip - Every 3 years [NFPA 25, ] 135 Dry System Full Trip Test Procedures Step 1 Call the FA system out of service and notify occupants. Step 2 Visually inspect the discharge location. Step 3 Open the Inspector s Test valve. -Note the time! 136

69 Dry System Full Trip Test Procedures (cont d) Step 4 Visually inspect the discharged water. -Clean? Clear? No debris? Step 5 A Confirm waterflow and fire alarm activation within 60 seconds and Step 5 B Confirm water motor gong operation, if present. (must ring within 5 minutes) 137 Dry System Full Trip Test Procedures (cont d) Step 6 Re-close the inspectors test valve. Step 7 Reset dry pipe valve. Remove bypasses and call system back into service. 138

70 Dry Sprinkler System Partial Trip Test Procedures Special testing considerations? Valve will trip so be prepared to reset 139 Dry Sprinkler System Partial Trip Test Procedures Step 1 Call the FA system out of service and notify occupants. Step 2 Partially close the main water control valve located under the dry valve. Ensures the riser does not flood. Will introduce a supervisory on the Fire Alarm system 140

71 Dry Sprinkler System Partial Trip Test Procedures (cont d) Step 3 Open the Inspector s Test valve. Step 4 Listen for the dry valve clapper to open. Step 5 Once the valve trips, fully close the control valve. Re-close the inspectors test valve. Step 6 Reset dry pipe valve. Remove bypasses and call system back into service. 141 Dry System Alarm Test Purpose Confirm water motor gong or Electric Bell operation Frequency Quarterly [NFPA 25, ] Can be included as part of dry sprinkler trip tests 142

72 Dry System Alarm Test Procedures Step 1 Call the FA system out of service and notify occupants (i.e., controllers, etc.). Step 2 Locate the pressure switch trim piping and associated valve. Step 3 Open the trim piping alarm valve. 143 Dry System Alarm Test Procedures (cont d) Step 4 Confirm water motor gong or electric horn is operating. (Must ring within 5 minutes) Step 5 Close alarm line trim piping. Step 6 Remove bypasses and call system back into service. 144

73 Fire Pump Tests Annual Must flow pump at minimum, rated and peak flows [NFPA 25, ] Monthly Electric pump run for minimum of 10 minutes [NFPA 25, & ] Weekly Diesel pump run for minimum of 30 minutes [NFPA 25, & ] Automatically started Run without flowing water Who should perform Contractor Equipment and labor intense Testing Sprinklers Replaced if in service more than 50 years, or representative samples tested Test procedures repeated at 10-year intervals Replaced if manufactured prior to

74 5.3 Testing Sprinklers Sprinklers using fast-response elements in service for 20 years shall be replaced or representative samples shall be tested and re-tested every 10 years Representative samples: 4+ sprinklers or 1% of sprinklers in sample, whichever greater Sprinklers tested on 5-year basis where subjected to harsh environments Manufacturers permitted to make modifications in the field that restore original performance where acceptable by AHJ 147 Sprinkler Operating Element Identification 148

75 5.3 Testing Gauges Replaced every 5 years or tested every 5 years by comparison with calibrated gauge Replace or recalibrate gauges not accurate to within 3% of the full scale Testing Waterflow Alarm Devices Vane-type and pressure switch-type tested semiannually Testing devices on wet pipe systems shall include opening inspector s test connection Bypass connection used where freezing weather conditions exist 150

76 5.3 Testing Antifreeze Systems Freezing point tested annually Measure specific gravity with a hydrometer or refractometer Listed CPVC sprinkler pipe and fittings protected from freezing with glycerin only (new to 2011 edition) Use of antifreeze systems in accordance with state or local health regulations If test results indicate incorrect freeze point at any point in the system: 1. Drain system 2. Solution adjusted 3. System refilled Testing 152

77 5.3 Testing 153 Sprinkler System Maintenance Maintenance to be performed to keep the system equipment operable ( 4.8). Sprinklers ( 5.4.1): Sprinklers removed for any reason not reinstalled Characteristics for replacement sprinklers Dry pipe systems ( 5.4.2): Dry pipe systems kept dry at all times Air driers and compressors maintained 154

78 Sprinkler System Maintenance Standpipe and hose systems (NFPA 25, 6.4 & 6.2.3): Replace missing or damaged valve caps Repair damaged fire hose connections Replace missing or damaged valve handles Replace missing or deteriorated cap gaskets Repair leaking valves Remove visible and physical obstructions to hose connections Repair valves that do not operate smoothly Replace valve where threads are damaged 155 Sprinkler System Maintenance Sprinklers Replacement sprinklers shall have the proper characteristics for intended application, including: 1. Style 2. Orifice size and k-factor 3. Temperature rating 4. Coating 5. Deflector type 6. Design requirements 156

79 Dry Systems Maintenance Dry-pipe systems being maintained in dry condition? (NFPA 25, 5.4.2) Interior of dry-pipe, preaction and deluge valves cleaned? (NFPA 25, ) Low points drained in dry-pipe, preaction and deluge systems prior to the onset of freezing weather? (NFPA 25, ) Air leaks in dry-pipe system resulting in pressure loss significant to sound warning alarms located and repaired 157 Internal Piping Condition Obstruction Investigation Conducted every 5 years at a minimum For the presence of foreign organic & inorganic material If tubercules or slime is found required to be tested for microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) Performed at the following minimum four points: System valve; Riser Cross main; Branch line 158

80 Facility ITM vs. Contractor ITM Facility Visual inspections Information signs Corrosion Damage Obvious deficiencies Leakage Record keeping Contractor Quarterly, monthly, and annual tests Main drain test Inspector s test Alarm test Dry pipe trip test Pump test Restoring systems to service System replacements 159 Sprinkler System ITM Discussion Importance of ITM? Steps to take to make sure ITM runs smooth and is done properly? Questions? 160

81 NFPA 72, 2010 Edition National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code 161 ITM: Fire Alarm Systems LSC To ensure operational integrity, the fire alarm system shall have an approved maintenance and testing program complying with the applicable requirements of NFPA 70, National Electric Code, and NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code 162

82 Why Test & Inspect? Improve fire alarm system reliability Reduce false / nuisance alarms 163 Why Test & Inspect? Lack of inspection, testing, and maintenance is a leading reason for fire alarm system failure 164

83 Why Test & Inspect? 165 Why Test & Inspect? 166

84 Why Test & Inspect? 167 Importance of ITM CONTINUITY OF BUILDING OPERATIONS AVOID SYSTEM FAILURES 168

85 Who is Responsible for ITM? NFPA 72 Section states that the property or building owner or the owner s designated representative shall be responsible for inspection, testing, and maintenance of the system and for alterations or additions to the system NFPA 72 Section states that service personnel shall be qualified and experienced in accordance with the requirements of Who is Responsible for ITM? NFPA 72 Section states that qualified ITM personnel shall include: Personnel who are factory trained or certified for the specific type and brand of system being services Personnel who are certified by a nationally recognized certification organization acceptable to the AHJ Personnel who are registered, licensed or certified by a state or local authority to perform service on systems addressed within the scope of this Code Personnel who are employed and qualified by an organization listed by a national recognized testing laboratory for the servicing systems within the scope of this Code. 170

86 Visual Inspection Device Visual Inspection Testing Smoke/Heat Detector Semi-Annual Annual Pull Station Semi-Annual Annual Duct Detector Semi-Annual Annual Tamper Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Flow Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Horns/Strobes Semi-Annual Annual DACT Semi-Annual Annual Remote Annunciator Semi-Annual Annual Control Equipment Annual Annual Battery* Semi-Annual/Monthly Annual/Semi-Annual *Assume sealed lead acid battery 171 Visual Inspection Start at control panel Check for the obvious Start testing after successful completion of visual inspection 172

87 Visual Inspection Visual Inspections and Testing Smoke detectors are required to be tested with smoke All notification appliances must be operated annually and proper operation must be verified Periodically verify system is normal 173 Visual Inspection The panel should indicate normal 174

88 Visual Inspection Should NOT indicate trouble 175 Visual Inspection Should not indicate Alarm Should not indicate Fault or Supervisory 176

89 Visual Inspection No obvious wire breaks, corrosion, or other damage to connections 177 Visual Inspection Look for the obvious and take action 178

90 Visual Inspection 179 Visual Inspection 180

91 Visual Inspection Devices and appliances properly mounted and oriented 181 Visual Inspection 182

92 Visual Inspection Will this duct detector operate? 183 Visual Inspection Will this duct detector operate? Not with the dust cover on! 184

93 Visual Inspection Will this duct detector operate? 185 Visual Inspection Will this duct detector operate? Not with the sampling ports blocked! 186

94 Visual Inspection Will this bell work? 187 Visual Inspection Will this bell work? Not without the gong! 188

95 Visual Inspection What is wrong with these arrangements? 189 Visual Inspection What is wrong with these arrangements? 190

96 Testing Device Visual Inspection Testing Smoke/Heat Detector Semi-Annual Annual Pull Station Semi-Annual Annual Duct Detector Semi-Annual Annual Tamper Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Flow Switch Quarterly Semi-Annual Horns/Strobes Semi-Annual Annual DACT Semi-Annual Annual Remote Annunciator Semi-Annual Annual Control Equipment Annual Annual Battery* Semi-Annual/Monthly Annual* *Dependent on battery type. Sealed lead acid shown 191 Testing LSC / Positive alarm sequence permitted Trained personnel have 15 seconds to acknowledge alarm 180 seconds then provided to investigate the alarm and reset the system Smoke detector required at location of control equipment 192

97 Testing NFPA 72 Section 14.4 Before beginning testing, notify: 1. Building occupants place signs on exit doors, send s, signs in lobby, bulletin boards 2. Fire department 3. AHJ 4. Monitoring company 193 Testing Minimize disruption of services Limit testing to distinct areas Restore systems promptly Follow manufacturer's instructions for the specific device being tested 194

98 Reacceptance Testing Reacceptance test done after changes are made to the system Initiating device, notification appliance, or control relay is added - functionally tested Initiating device, notification appliance, or control relay deleted another device, appliance, or control relay on the circuit is functionally tested 10% Re-test 195 Testing After any change, revise the Record of Completion 196

99 Test Methods Table Control equipment Tested to verify correct receipt of alarm, supervisory, trouble signals; circuit supervision; operation of evacuation signals Integrity of single or multiple circuits providing interface between two or more control units verified Lamps and LEDs illuminated Secondary power disconnected and tested under maximum load 197 Test Methods Table Engine-driven generator If used, operation verified by owner in accordance with NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems Uninterrupted Power Supply If used, operation verified by building owner in accordance with NFPA 111, Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems 198

100 Test Methods Table Secondary (standby) power supply All main power disconnected and occurrence of required trouble indication for loss of primary power verified Standby and alarm current demand measured General alarm systems operated for 5 minutes Emergency voice communication systems operated for 15 minutes Main power supply reconnected at end of test 199 Test Methods Table Batteries general tests a) Visual inspection Inspect for corrosion, leakage, tightness of connections, electrolyte levels b) Battery replacement When current falls below manufacturer s recommendations c) Charger test Operation checked in accordance with appropriate charger test for battery type d) Discharge Test Load tested with battery charger disconnected e) Load voltage test Terminal voltage measured with battery charge disconnected 200

101 Test Methods Table Batteries general tests 201 Test Methods Table Fire alarm control unit trouble signals Audible and visual Disconnect switches Ground-fault monitoring circuit Transmission of signals off-premises location Remoted annunciators verified 202

102 Test Methods Table Initiating devices Correct operation of electromechanical releasing device verified Fire extinguishing system/ suppression system/ alarm switch verified Heat detectors Manual fire alarm boxes Smoke detectors 203 Test Methods Table Fixed-temperature, rate-of-rise, rate of compensation, restorable line, spot type heat detectors Heat test performed with listed and labeled heat source Assure test method does not damage the nonrestorable fixed-temperature element of a combination rate-ofrise/fixed-temperature element detector Careful not to damage / melt detector 204

103 Test Methods Table Fixed-temperature heat detectors 205 Test Methods Table Fixed-temperature, nonrestorable spot type heat detectors Do not perform heat test Test functionality mechanically and electrically Measure and record loop resistance After 15 years from initial installation, replace all devices or have 2 detectors per 100 laboratory tested If a failure occurs on any of the detectors removed, remove and test additional detectors 206

104 Test Methods Table Fixed-temperature nonrestorable heat detectors 207 Test Methods Table Smoke detectors Tested in place to ensure smoke entry into the sensing chamber and an alarm response Use smoke or listed and labeled product acceptable to the manufacturer or in accordance with published instructions Magnet testing NOT acceptable 208

105 Test Methods Table Smoke detector functionality test Conducted annually (minimum) Aerosol smoke acceptable This is NOT a sensitivity test 209 Test Methods Table Duct smoke detectors Tested for smoke entry Those utilizing sample tubes must be tested to ensure they will properly sample the airstream in duct Magnet/key-switch is NOT acceptable 210

106 Test Methods Table Waterflow switches Functionally tested Water required to be flowed through an inspector s test connection 211 Test Methods Table Supervisory devices Control valve switch functionally operated Signal receipt verified to be within first two revolutions of hand wheel or one-fifth of the travel distance High or low-air pressure switch operated Signal receipt verified where the required pressure is increased or decreased 10 psi (70 kpa) from required pressure level 212

107 Test Methods Table Sprinkler System Devices Roll Paddle to Insert Into Pipe Through Hole Retard Adjustment Dial Direction of Flow Arrow SPDT Switches Reset Adjustment Pipe Saddle Polyethylene Vane Vane type waterflow indicator switch. Fire Alarm Signaling Systems Handbook 213 Test Methods Table Audible/Visible notification appliances Strobes Horns Combination horn/strobes Evacuation speakers Combination speaker/strobes Chimes Textual visual appliances 214

108 Test Methods Table Visual notification appliances Test performed in accordance with manufacturer s instructions Appliance locations verified to approved layout Verify candela rating marking agrees with approved drawing Confirm each appliance flashes 215 Test Records After tests are satisfactorily finished, complete Inspection and Testing Form Retain form in a safe place Recommend retaining at least 3 years 216

109 Maintenance Section 14.5 Generally follows manufacturer's published instructions Maintenance frequency dependent on type of equipment and ambient conditions Equipment cleaning frequency dependent on type of equipment and ambient conditions Records required for all maintenance 217 Fire Alarm ITM Discussion What visual inspections can you complete to ensure performance of devices/appliances? Obvious things to look for when performing visual inspections? Questions? 218

110 NFPA 80, 2010 Edition Standard for Fire Doors and Other Protective Openings 219 ITM: Fire Doors Integral part of buildings passive fire protection system and overall fire protection Properly operating fire door is key component to compartmentalization Limit spread of fire Restrict movement of smoke 220

111 ITM: Fire Doors Components of a fire door: Frame Fire exit hardware Door closers Hinges Locks Door bolts Glazing Labels 221 ITM: Fire Doors Categories of fire doors: Horizontal sliding Fire shutters Swinging Vertically sliding Chutes Overhead rolling fire doors Service counter fire doors 222

112 ITM: Fire Doors NFPA 101 Section compliance with: NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives 2010 Edition Inspection Fire door assemblies inspected and tested annually by a qualified individual Operation Door clearance Coordinator Latch Closer Written record signed and kept for AHJ 224

113 5.2.4 Visual Inspection Fire-rated door assembly visual inspection includes: Labels are present and legible No holes or breaks of door or frame Glazing in tact (if provided) No signs of damage to door, frame, hinges, hardware No parts missing or broken Door clearances are appropriate Self-closing device operating properly Coordinator working properly (if installed) Latching hardware operates No auxiliary hardware present that would interfere w/ operation No field modifications that would void label Functional Testing Performed by individuals with proper knowledge and understanding of operating components of door Prior to testing, perform visual inspection to identify obvious deficiencies, missing parts, etc. that could create a hazard during testing or affect operation 226

114 Maintenance of Closing Mechanisms Swinging doors normally held open shall be operated at frequent intervals to ensure operation Horizontal or vertical sliding and rolling fire doors tested annually for full closure When annually tested, rolling steel fire doors droptested twice First test to check proper operation and full closure Second test to verify automatic-closing device properly reset Cannot paint fusible links or other heat-actuated devices Repair of Fire Doors Damaged glazing replaced with labeled glazing Any breaks in face covering of doors repaired immediately Where a door, frame, or other part is damaged: 1. Repair with parts obtained from original manufacturer 2. Test door to ensure emergency operation and closing upon repair completion 228

115 Fire Door Assembly 229 Fire Door Parts and Functions 230

116 Fire Door Label Fire rated permanent label attached and legible 231 Fire Door Hardware Labeling NFPA 101 Section Hardware must match the capabilities of the door and frame used Check hardware is UL listed and tested for rating to match fire door 232

117 Fire Exit Hardware Where fire doors require fire exit hardware, ensure labels on hardware match label on the door 233 Fire Door ITM Summary What visual inspections can you perform to ensure doors are code complaint? What should you do if you notice damages/improperly functioning doors? Questions? 234

118 NFPA 110, 2010 Edition Standard for Emergency Power and Standby Systems 235 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing Routine maintenance and operational testing program based on the following: 1. Manufacturer s recommendations 2. Instruction manuals 3. Minimum requirements of this chapter 4. Authority having jurisdiction 236

119 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.3 Maintenance and Operational Testing EPSS maintained to ensure to a reasonable degree that system is capable of supplying service within time specified for the type and time duration specified for the class Routine maintenance and operational testing program initiated immediately after EPSS passes acceptance test Written schedule established 237 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.3 Maintenance and Operational Testing Permanent record maintained and readily available including the following: 1. Date of maintenance report 2. Identification of servicing personnel 3. Notation of any unsatisfactory condition and corrective action taken, including parts replaces 4. Testing of any repair for the time as recommended by manufacturer 238

120 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.3 Maintenance and Operational Testing Transfer switches and paralleling gear subjected to ITM program that includes the following operations: 1. Checking of connections 2. Inspection or testing for evidence of overheating and excessive contact erosion 3. Removal of dust and dirt 4. Replacement of contacts when required 239 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.4 Operational Inspection and Testing EPSSs inspected weekly and exercised under load at least monthly EPS test initiated by simulating a power outage using test switches on ATSs or by opening a normal breaker Transfer switches operated monthly Routine maintenance and operational testing program shall be overseen by a properly instructed individual Full EPSS system tested at least once every 36 months for duration of its assigned class 240

121 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.4 Diesel GenSet Testing Exercise monthly for 30 minutes by: Loading that maintains minimum exhaust temps recommended by manufacturer Under operating temperature conditions and at not less than 30% of EPS nameplate kw rating. OR Exercise monthly at available EPSS load and annually with At not less than 50% of nameplate rating for 30 min At not less than 75% of nameplate rating for 1 hour 241 Chapter 8 Routine Maintenance and Operational Testing 8.4 Natural Gas GenSet Testing Exercise monthly with available EPSS load for 30 minutes or until water temp and oil pressure stabilize 242

122 NFPA Edition Health Care Facilities Codes 243 Chapter 6 Electrical Systems Maintenance and Testing of Electrical Systems Where hospital grade receptacles are required at patient bed locations, testing performed after initial installation, replacement, or servicing of device Non hospital grade receptacles tested annually 244

123 Chapter 6 Electrical Systems Maintenance and Testing of Electrical Systems Record maintained of tests required by this chapter and associated repairs or modifications Record shall contain the following: 1. Date 2. Rooms or areas tested 3. Indication of which items have met or failed to meet performance requirements 245 Chapter 10 Electrical Equipment 10.3 Testing Requirements Confirm physical integrity by visual inspection Verify resistance of appliances in patient car vicinity with grounding pin Power cords connected in accordance with conventions of a grounded system 246

124 Chapter 10 Electrical Equipment Testing Intervals Facility shall establish policies and protocol for type of test and intervals of testing for patient care-related electrical equipment Maintain records of ITM for several years Extension cord / multitap adapter wiring tested for: 1. Physical integrity 2. Polarity 3. Continuity of grounding at time of assembly and periodically thereafter 247 Chapter 10 Electrical Equipment Servicing and Maintenance of Equipment Manufacturer of appliance shall furnish documents containing the following: 1. Technical description 2. Instructions for use 3. Means of contacting manufacturer Electrical equipment safety labels and condensed operating instructions on appliance are legible Personnel responsible for testing, maintenance and use receive continuing training 248

125 Chapter 10 Electrical Equipment Servicing and Maintenance of Equipment Manufacturer s document shall include the following: 1. Illustrations that show locations of controls 2. Explanations of the function of each control 3. Illustrations of proper connection to the patient or other equipment, or both 4. Step-by-step procedures for testing and proper use of the appliance 5. Safety considerations in use and servicing of the appliance 6. Precautions to be taken if the appliance is used on a patient simultaneously with other electric appliances 249 Chapter 10 Electrical Equipment Servicing and Maintenance of Equipment (cont.) 7. Schematics, wiring diagrams, mechanical layouts, parts list, other pertinent appliance data 8. Instructions for cleaning, disinfection, sterilization 9. Utility supply requirements (electrical, gas, ventilation, heating, cooling, etc.) 10. Explanation of figures, symbols, abbreviations on appliance 11. Technical performance specifations 12.Instructions for unpacking, inspection, installation, adjustment, alignment 13. Preventive and corrective maintenance and repair procedures 250

126 Who is responsible for ITM? I contract out my testing and maintenance, what am I responsible for? 251 ITM: Facility Personnel Visual inspection Physical damage Abnormal conditions Obvious deficiencies 252

127 ITM: Facility Personnel 253 ITM: Facility Personnel 254

128 ITM: Facility Personnel 255 ITM: Facility Personnel 256

129 ITM: Facility Personnel 257 ITM: Facility Personnel 258

130 ITM: Facility Personnel 259 ITM: Facility Personnel 260

131 ITM: Licensed Contractor Factory trained and certified Certified by nationally recognized certification organization Registered, licensed, certified by state of local authority Employed and qualified by an organization listed by nationally recognized testing laboratory 261 Best Practice for all Systems Documentation hard copy and electronic copy of ALL reports Keep in a safe, secure location Obtain copies of as-built drawings Keep one copy current, as occupancy or system changes occur Obtain copies of NFPA Standards applicable to your systems 262

132 Best Practice for all Systems Perform all annual testing at the same time Hire qualified service providers to make repairs Your plumber is NOT qualified Your electrician is qualified in system wiring, NOT system programming 263 Best Practice for all Systems Ignoring deficiencies will make them WORSE 264

133 Best Practice for all Systems Ignoring deficiencies will make them WORSE 265 Best Practice for all Systems Ignoring deficiencies will make them WORSE 266