Commercial Insect and Mite Control for Trees, Shrubs and Flowers

Transcription

1 PB 1589 (available online only) Commercial Insect and Mite Control for Trees, Shrubs and Flowers Frank. Hale, Professor Department of ntomology and Plant Pathology Table of Contents Seasonal ppearance of Ornamental Pests and ormal Time Frame to pply Control Measures Micro-Injection of Systemic Insecticide Into Trees Insect and Mite Control Recommendations for Trees and Shrubs Table 1. Ornamental Pests Table 2. Insect and Mite Recommendations Control for Flowers Preparing a Spray Table 3. Spray stimate Chart Table 4. Pesticide Formulations Dilution Tables Table 5. Information bout Insecticides & Miticides Credit: This publication was adapted from Insect and Mite Control on Woody Ornamentals and Herbaceous Perennials, Bulletin 504, an Ohio State University xtension publication authored by D.J. Shetlar, Department of ntomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH; Insect Control for Shade Trees, C 851, and Insect Control for Shrubs, C 780, authored by H.. Williams, Professor meritus, ntomology and Plant Pathology, UT xtension.

2 Seasonal ppearance of Ornamental Pests and ormal Time Frame to pply Control Measures The following information serves as a guide to help you know the approximate time when control measures can be implemented. Consult the text for more detailed instructions and information: Dormant - Before Growth Starts Host rborvitae sh Bittersweet Cotoneaster Douglas fir lm uonymus Fir Flowering fruit trees Hackberry Hawthorn Hemlock Hickory Juniper ilac inden Maple Oak Pine Poplar Spruce Sweetgum Tulip tree Willow Yew (Taxus) Pest tip dwarf mite, Fletcher scale, spruce spider mites ash flower gall mite, scurfy scale, oystershell scale euonymus scale San Jose scale Cooley spruce gall adelgid uropean elm scale, Putnam scale, scurfy scale, San Jose scale euonymus scale, winged euonymus scale pine needle scale mites, maple bladder gall mite, maple pouch gall mite, San Jose scale, scurfy scale, terrapin scale, aphids, white peach scale, pear psylla, uropean fruit lecanium scale Putnam scale terrapin scale, uropean red mite Hemlock scale, pine needle scale, Fiorinia scale Hickory leaf stem gall Juniper scale, tip dwarf mite, spider mites oystershell scale cottony maple scale terrapin scale, cottony maple scale, Putnam scale, oystershell scale, scurfy scale, lecanium scale, maple mealybug golden oak scale, kermes scales, obscure oak scale, lecanium scale pine bark adelgid, pine needle scale, eriophyid (rust) mites, white pine aphid oystershell scale spruce spider mite, spruce gall adelgid sweetgum pit-making scale tuliptree scale oystershell scale Fletcher scale, mealybugs 2

3 fter Growth Starts ate March-pril (early) Host sh Boxwood *Douglas fir Pine Spruce (orway, red, black, white, Colorado) Pest ash flower gall mite boxwood psyllid Cooley spruce gall adelgid Pales weevil, orthern pine weevil, Zimmerman pine moth eastern spruce gall adelgid, spruce spider mite, Cooley spruce gall adelgid, spruce needle miner *Cooley spruce gall adelgid of Douglas fir can be controlled from spring through fall when temperature is above 60 F. pril (early) Host zalea Boxwood Flowering fruit trees Honey locust Juniper Pine Spruce Pest azalea lace bug boxwood psyllid eastern tent caterpillar honey locust pod gall midge juniper webworm white pine weevil, white pine aphid, uropean pine shoot moth, antucket pine tip moth northern pine weevil, Pales weevil, white pine weevil, spruce spider mite, spruce needle miner, gall adelgids pril (mid) Host Boxwood Fir Douglas fir Flowering fruit trees Inkberry Magnolia Maple Pine Spruce (Colorado) Tuliptree Pest boxwood psyllid balsam twig aphid Cooley spruce gall adelgid eastern tent caterpillar inkberry leafminer yellow poplar weevil maple bladder gall mite northern pine weevil, Pales weevil eriophyid mite, spruce spider mite yellow poplar weevil 3

4 pril (late) Host rborvitae sh Birch Boxwood lm uonymus Fir Flowering fruit trees Hackberry Hawthorn Hemlock Juniper Maple Mountain ash Oak Pine Poplar Spruce Sweetgum Wild cherry Pest arborvitae leafminer forest tent caterpillar forest tent caterpillar boxwood leafminer, boxwood psyllid woolly apple aphid, elm leaf beetle euonymus scale balsam twig aphid eastern tent caterpillar, lesser peachtree borer hackberry nipple gall psyllid woolly apple aphid, hawthorn lace bug, hawthorn leafminer spruce spider mite, hemlock scale, pine needle scale, fiorinia scale juniper webworm eriophyid mite, maple shoot moths, forest tent caterpillar woolly aphid forest tent caterpillar, gypsy moth sawflies, spotted pine aphid, antucket pine tip moth, Zimmerman pine moth, pine tube moth, pine needle scale forest tent caterpillar balsam twig aphid, spruce spider mite, woolly larch aphid, pine needle scale forest tent caterpillar eastern tent caterpillar May (early) Host rborvitae sh zalea Birch Boxwood Dogwood Douglas fir lm Flowering fruit trees Hackberry Hawthorn Holly Juniper aurel Maple Magnolia Mountain ash Oak Pieris Pest spruce spider mite, arborvitae leafminer lilac (=ash) borer, forest tent caterpillar azalea mite, rhododendron borer, azalea lace bug birch leafminer, forest tent caterpillar boxwood leafminer dogwood borer Cooley spruce gall adelgid cankerworm eastern tent caterpillar lace bugs hawthorn leafminer, cankerworm holly leafminer juniper midge, juniper tip midge, juniper scale rhododendron borer forest tent caterpillar, fall cankerworm magnolia borer lace bugs lace bugs, oak kermes scale, golden oak scale, forest tent caterpillar andromeda lace bug 4

5 Pine Poplar Rhododendron Serviceberry Shade trees Sweetgum Sycamore Tuliptree Yew (Taxus) pine bark adelgid, spittlebug, eriophyid mite forest tent caterpillar rhododendron borer, lace bugs hawthorn lace bug cankerworms Spruce spruce spider mite forest tent caterpillar sycamore lace bug root collar borer mealybugs May (mid) Host rborvitae sh Birch Bittersweet lm uonymus Flowering fruit trees Hackberry Hawthorn Hemlock Hickory Juniper ilac inden Maple Mountain ash Oak Pachysandra Pieris Pine Rhododendron Serviceberry Shade trees Sycamore Tuliptree Willow Yew (Taxus) Pest arborvitae leafminer, spruce spider mite Putnam scale, oystershell scale bronze birch borer, oystershell scale euonymus scale flatheaded appletree borer, white-marked tussock moth euonymus scale flatheaded appletree borer, Putnam scale Putnam scale hawthorn leafminer, scurfy scale, oystershell scale Fiorinia scale hickory petiole gall adelgid juniper scale oystershell scale, lilac (=ash) borer scurfy scale oystershell scale, flatheaded apple-tree borer, green-striped maple worm lace bugs flatheaded appletree borer, golden oak scale, oak kermes scale, May/June beetles, orange-striped oakworm euonymus scale, twospotted spider mite andromeda lace bug spruce spider mite, eriophyid mite azalea leafminer, rhododendron borer hawthorn lace bug white-marked tussock moth, scurfy scale sycamore lace bug yellow poplar weevil scale mealybugs 5

6 May (late) Host rborvitae sh zalea Birch Boxwood Dogwood Douglas-fir uonymus Flowering fruit trees Hawthorn Hemlock Hickory Honeysuckle Juniper ilac Magnolia Maple Mountain ash Mountain laurel Oak Pachysandra Pieris Pin oak Poplar Rhododendron Shade trees Spruce Tulip tree Yew (Taxus) Willow Pest spruce spider mite, oystershell scale, lilac (=ash) borer, fall webworm, elm spanworm lace bugs, rhododendron borer, azalea whitefly bronze birch borer, oystershell scale Bittersweet euonymus scale boxwood leafminer, lecanium scale dogwood borer bagworms euonymus scale, winged euonymus scale terrapin scale, (peach, plum, apricot) oystershell scale spruce spider mite elm spanworm honeysuckle leafminer juniper tip dwarf mite, juniper scale, spruce spider mite oystershell scale, lilac (=ash) borer yellow poplar weevil oystershell scale, green-striped maple worm uropean red mite, lace bugs azalea leafminer, lace bug golden oak scale, oak kermes scale, orange-striped oakworm, elm spanworm, an oak clearwing borer oystershell scale, euonymus scale andromeda lace bug May beetles oystershell scale, euonymus scale azalea whitefly, azalea leafminer, rhododendron borer terrapin scale, leafhoppers spruce spider mite yellow poplar weevil mealybugs oystershell scale June (early) Host rborvitae sh zalea Birch Flowering fruit trees Hemlock Hickory Juniper Pest arborvitae leafminer, bagworms, black vine weevil, Fletcher scale elm spanworm azalea bark scale, black vine weevil bronze birch borer flatheaded appletree borer, woolly apple aphid strawberry root weevil elm spanworm juniper tip midge, juniper scale 6

7 inden Maple Oak Pine Rhododendron Spruce Sweet gum Sycamore Walnut Yew (Taxus) webworms flatheaded appletree borer, lecanium scale oak skeletonizers, May/June beetles, flatheaded appletree borer, lecanium scale, elm spanworm uropean pine shoot moth, antucket pine tip moth azalea bark scale, black vine weevil spruce needle miner, spruce spider mite sweet gum pit-making scale sycamore lace bug fall webworm black vine weevil June (mid) Host rborvitae zalea Bald-cypress Birch Buckthorn Cedars Cotoneaster Fir Flowering fruit trees Hemlock Hornbean Ivy Juniper arch inden Maple Oak Pine Rhododendron Shade trees Shrubs Spruce Walnut Willow Yew (Taxus) Pest arborvitae leafminer, bagworms, black vine weevil, Fletcher scale oystershell scale bagworms birch leafminer, bronze birch borer bagworms bagworms San Jose scale, black vine weevil bagworms, black vine weevil San Jose scale, bagworms, peachtree borer spruce spider mite, bagworms, black vine weevil bagworms Japanese beetle bagworms, juniper scale bagworms linden leaf beetles, Japanese beetle, bagworms bagworms, lecanium scale bagworms pine tortoise scale, bagworms black vine weevil bagworms, leafhoppers Japanese beetle spruce spider mite, spruce needle miner walnut caterpillar bagworm Fletcher scale, black vine weevil June (late) Host rborvitae uonymus Fir Flowering fruit trees Pest bagworms bagworms bagworms flatheaded appletree borer, San Jose scale, lesser peachtree 7

8 Hemlock Honey locust Juniper inden ocust l Maple Mimosa Oak Pine Silver maple Spruce Yew (Taxus) borer (peach, plum, apricot), bagworms bagworms mimosa webworm bagworms bagworms ocust leafminer flatheaded appletree borer, cottony maple scale, bagworms mimosa webworm flatheaded appletree borer, bagworms bagworms, pine tortoise scale cottony maple scale, bagworms spruce bud scale black vine weevil July (early) Host rborvitae lm uonymus Flowering fruit trees Hemlock Honey locust inden Oak Pine Silver maple Spruce Walnut Yew (Taxus) Pest Fletcher scale, bagworms elm leaf beetle euonymus scale, bagworms San Jose scale, bagworms hemlock scale, pine needle scale, bagworms mimosa webworm cottony maple scale, bagworms flatheaded appletree borer, bagworms pine tube moth, pine webworm, bagworms cottony maple scale, bagworms pine needle scale walnut caterpillar black vine weevil, Fletcher scale July (mid) Host Barberry Bittersweet uonymus Flowering fruit trees Honey locust Maple Oak Pine Yew (Taxus) Pest barberry webworms euonymus scale euonymus scale, winged euonymus scale San Jose scale mimosa webworm cottony maple scale kermes scale, obscure scale, yellownecked caterpillar pine tortoise scale, Pales, northern pine and white pine weevil adults black vine weevil, mealybugs,fletcher scale 8

9 July (late) Host Hemlock Honey locust Juniper Oak Yew (Taxus) Pest hemlock looper mimosa webworm juniper tip midge oak skeletonizers, yellownecked caterpillar black vine weevil ugust (early) Host Honey locust Mimosa Pine Pest mimosa webworm mimosa webworm aphid, pine webworm ugust (mid) Host sh Pest banded ash clearwing September (early) Host rborvitae ocust Magnolia Maple Pine Sweet gum Tuliptree Pest Fletcher scale locust borer magnoila scale, magnolia borer cottony maple scale pine root collar weevil sweet gum pit-making scale tuliptree scale, root collar borer September (mid) Host Juniper Spruce Pest juniper tip midge spruce gall adelgids September (late through October) Host Juniper Pine Pest juniper webworm Pales weevil (adults) 9

10 Micro-Injection of Systemic Insecticides into Trees Systemic insecticides, used as foliar sprays, soil drenches and granular applications to trees for control of a number of important pests, are not new. Several companies have been developing various methods of injecting these same systemic insecticides directly into the trunks of trees to allow the vascular transport system to distribute the pesticide throughout the plant. Some of these injection systems use 3/8-inch to 1/2-inch holes for injecting or implanting capsules. Recent evidence indicates that these larger diameter holes may not heal rapidly on some species of trees. Therefore, these techniques should probably be avoided. Other injection systems use much smaller injection holes, "micro-injection," which seem to heal more rapidly. The following two systems are nationally available: Mauget System - The J. J. Mauget Company, 5435 Peck Rd., rcadia, C provides a microinjection system which uses prepacked plastic containers which can be compressed to provide internal pressure. n 11/64-inch drill bit is used to make holes in the tree trunk and a microinjector tube is inserted. The compressed container is then attached and the pesticide is injected into the tree vascular system. Mauget provides the following products: IMICID (imidacloprid), IMISO (imidacloprid plus DBC), BCID (abamectin) and BSO (abamectin plus DBC) are labeled for use on ornamental trees and shrubs. IJCT--CID B (dicrotophos) is for use on trees listed on the label. IMICID and IMISO have adelgids, aphids, beetles, borers, lace bugs, leafhoppers, mealybugs, pine tip moth, scale, thrips and whiteflies listed on the label. BCID and BSO have bagworms, beetles, caterpillars, leafminers, mites and spittlebug listed on the label. IJCT--CID B has aphids, beetles, borers, caterpillars, galls, lace bugs, leafhoppers, leafminers, mites, pine beetles, pine tip moth, psyllids, scales and spittlebugs listed on the label. Tree Tech Microinjection Systems, Inc. Tree Tech Microinjection Systems, Inc., th ve., Morriston, Fl has developed a micro-injection system which uses prepacked plastic containers which can be compressed to provide internal pressure. 11/64-inch drill bit is used to make holes in the tree trunk and a tip with container is inserted. tap with a mallet seats the tip and compresses the container. Vivid II (abamectin) is labeled for use on ornamental trees (including forest, noncropbearing as well as woody shrubs) for control of adelgids, aphids, browntail moth, elm leaf beetle, lace bug, lygus bug, mites, oakworm, scale, white pine weevil, engraver beetle, eucalyptus borer and flatheaded borer. Dendrex (acephate) is labelled for use on flowering crabapple for control of aphids, tent caterpillars and leafrollers. It is labeled for other trees and shrubs for control of aphids, bagworms, birch leafminer, tent caterpillars, lace bugs, tussock moth larvae, Gypsy moth larvae, scale crawlers, grasshoppers, cankerworms (spring and fall), antucket pine tip 10

11 moth, Zimmerman pine moths, root weevil adults, boxelder bugs, thrips, whiteflies, bronze birch borer, Japanese beetles, elm leaf beetle (larvae), and other listed pests. Harpoon (oxydemeton-methyl) is labeled for the following trees and pests: cedars (bark beetle), cottonwoods (aphids), Douglas-fir (cone moths, engraver beetles), elms (elm leaf beetles), junipers (bark beetles), pines [except pinyon] (6-spined engraver beetles, flatheaded borer, black turpentine beetle, antucket pine tip moth, pine needle scale and a few other listed pests), redwood (bark beetles, mites and needle scale), spruce (adelgids) and walnuts and pecans [non-bearing] (aphids, mites). Insect & Mite Control Recommendations for Trees & Shrubs Use Pesticides Properly to Prevent Pollution The proper use of pesticides will reduce the pollution of our environment to the necessary minimum. Pesticides are carried into water on soil particles that erode. Take measures necessary to prevent erosion. Do not pour excess spray mixtures or pesticides into the sewage systems. very little bit disposed of in this way adds to the stream pollution problem. Wash the residues from your empty container and mix it into your garden spray. pply the last drop of the pesticide to your plants. Triple or pressure rinse container, puncture or crush and put in a sanitary landfill. Observe wind conditions and avoid spraying during periods of windy weather to prevent drifts. nticipate Pest Problems very ornamental plant is host to a variety of insect pests during the growing season. nticipate insect problems and inspect the leaves, stems, buds and flowers of ornamentals regularly. Frequently, the problem can be identified by observing the injury which results from the feeding activities of the insect. Damage from a heavy infestation can be prevented by early detection and control. mergence of Insects Insects will begin to feed and deposit eggs when the temperatures rise to 50 to 65 F or above and remain in this range for one to two weeks. In some years, pests may appear one to two weeks earlier or later than in other years because of an early or late spring. ffective Spraying Insecticides are most effective when they are applied to the parts of the plant on which the young larvae or nymphs are feeding. fine-mist spray will thoroughly wet the plant surfaces. Stop spraying when the plant surfaces are wet to the point of run-off or dripping. Repeat the spray applications at regular intervals to control the late-hatching, emerging or migrating insects. pply an insecticide when weather conditions are favorable. The temperatures should be in the 60 to 80 F range with a wind velocity of less than five miles per hour, with no rain forecast for 24 hours. If one-half inch or more of rainfall occurs within 12 hours after spraying, repeat the application. 11

12 Updated pril 2018 phids Crevices of bark on twigs of most deciduous plants & Undersides of leaves of elm, linden, maple, oak and many other plants; also twigs; also needles of some conifers. Malathion, Diazinon, Dursban, Dimethoate, pril-september Merit, Talstar, Orthene, Discus, insecticidal soap, Marathon, ndeavor, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Bagworm Foliage of many trees, shrubs, hedges, especially arborvitae, white cedar Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin & others), Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Dylox, Talstar, Mavrik, quaflow, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G late May-July rborvitae eafminer Fletcher Scale & ll foliage of arborvitae Dursban, Orthene, Discus, Dimethoate, Merit, Marathon, rena, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Conserve SC, Flagship, Meridian, zatin X, celepryn, Distance, Fulcrum, Dimilin, Sevin, Carbaryl, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, MSR Spray Concentrate, Mainspring G Foliage and twigs of Taxus and arborvitae horticultural oil March - pril (soil drenches of Orthene, Discus, Dimethoate, Merit, Marathon, rena, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Flagship, Meridian, celepryn) C Merit, Diazinon, Malathion, horticultural oil, May-June Dimethoate, Orthene, Discus, Fulcrum, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Marathon, Flagship, Safari, rena, Talus, Meridian, Distance, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, TriStar, Mainspring G Spruce Mite Foliage, especially inner foliage late pril-may when moths are flying (foliar application) Infested leaves should be removed and destroyed throughout the year pril ilac Borer/sh Borer and Banded sh Clearwing Bore into branches and trunk, scar wounds. Sawdust (boring dust) protruding from boring holes. Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) pril-june, September- October Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. Mid-pril and mid-july for ash. Prune and burn dead and dying branches. Remove larvae with sharp knife. Insert wire into boring hole. ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from May to September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban or permethrin can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes. 12

13 merald sh Borer sh flowergall mite (riophyid mite) Plant/leaf bugs arvae bore into the trunk and branches. The vascular tissue beneath the bark is devoured, effectively girdling the tree and killing it within a few years. Discus, Merit, or Safari applied as a drench around the base of the tree. Merit or Discus in early to midspring or mid-fall. Safari in mid to late spring. OR Trunk injection of zasol, Treezin, Imicide or TR-äge should be made by a trained professional in mid to late spring after trees have leafed out. OR Systemic bark sprays of Safari should be made in mid to late spring after trees have leafed out. Twigs Foliage and blossoms horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, Savate, Forbid, vid, kari, Kontos Treat when first blossoms begin to form. Foliage Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Malathion, Treat when young nymphs appear in Mavrik quaflow, Scimitar, Talstar, Tempo, early spring and repeat as needed. Decathlon, Flagship, Meridian, rena, TriStar, ltus, ncora pril-october, Talstar, insecticidal soap, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, rena, ndeavor, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora phids & Undersides of leaves and stems Merit, Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Discus zalea Caterpillar zalea Bark Scale ace Bug Foliage Decathlon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Tempo, Talstar, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Bark of twigs and branches of azalea, rhododendron, ndromeda Undersides of leaves Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, Merit, Marathon, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Talus, Meridian, Distance, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Drench with Safari, Zylam iquid, Merit, Marathon or ltus (greenhouse and container nursery ornamentals) or use granular rena as an alternative to foliar sprays. Dimethoate, Orthene, Discus, Tempo, Diazinon, Decathlon, Merit, Tempo SC Ultra, Marathon, Flagship, Dursban 50W, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, celepryn, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus June-September May-June pril-october zalea eafminer Foliage, larvae within rolled leaves of azalea Merit, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, zatin, Orthene, Talstar, Dursban 50W, Marathon, TriStar, Mainspring G May-ugust zalea eaf Tier zalea Stem Borer Foliage of azalea (see also fruittree leaf roller) Sevin, Carbaryl, Talstar, zatin, Orthene, celepryn, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Tips of twigs, trunk prune and burn dead and dying twigs Circles stems, bores in stems and trunk Dursban, Orthene May-June May, June 13

14 zalea Whitefly & Black Vine Weevil Two-banded Japanese Weevil Southern Red Mite Undersides of leaves of azalea, rhododendron, andromeda Foliage, bark or trunk and branches, and the surfaces of ground beneath where beetles walk after emerging Dimethoate, Malathion, Diazinon, Dursban May-ugust 50W, Orthene, Discus, Talstar, zatin, Marathon, Meridian, Merit, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, Forbid, Talus, Distance, Fulcrum, ndeavor, ria, Magus, Sanmite, Forbid, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, May-September Diazinon, Meridian, Orthene, Dursban, Treat three weeks until no adults are Talstar, Mavrik quaflow, BotaniGard found. If adults can overwinter in container plants in polyhouses begin treatments in March-pril. Roots Merit, Marathon, entomopathogenic nematodes, ncora & Foliage, roots. dults notch Talstar, Orthene, BotaniGard leaves eventually leaving only the petiole., & Underside of leaves Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 BRBRRY phids ll Undersides of leaves, stems, on new shrubs Barberry ooper WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora Merit, Diazinon, Malathion, Orthene, Discus, Dursban, Talstar, ndeavor, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, rena, ndeavor, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ncora Thorough coverage of foliage Orthene, Talstar, Tempo, Mavrik quaflow, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Scimitar, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Webworm Twigs and leaves webbed together Sevin, Malathion, Dylox, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Talstar, Mavrik quaflow, Scimitar, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F May-September pril-september May-October Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pril-ugust May-July July-September Whitefly, & Undersides of leaves Diazinon, Malathion, Dursban, zatin, pril-september Merit, Meridian, rena, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, Distance, Fulcrum, ndeavor, ria, Magus, Sanmite, Forbid, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora BIRCH Bronze Birch Borer (flatheade d borer) Yellownecked caterpillar Treat entire tree especially the upper part of tree and the unshaded areas of trunk with wounds or cracks in the bark. Tunnels under bark and in sapwood. Stressed trees are very susceptible. Foliage of birch and other hardwoods such as oak, maple, hickory, crabapple, quince, elm, butternut, walnut and locust. Merit, Marathon or Discus drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Fertilize to maintain vigor. Protect trunk from physical injury and sun scald. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Perm-Up, permethrin (stro, and others) Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin and others), Dursban, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, permethrin, Decathlon, Tempo, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F February to mid-pril ate May, early July July-ugust 14

15 Birch MSR Spray Concentrate, Sevin, Carbaryl, eafminer arge, blotched, or blistered areas on leaves. ew leaf growth attacked generally in early season. Talstar, Malathion, Orthene, Dimethoate, Merit, Marathon, celepryn, TriStar, Mainspring G phids branches Spiny Witchhazel hibernati foliage (Systemic drenches of Merit, eaf Gall phid ng female Marathon, Discus, Flagship, Zylam iquid, Safari and Mainspring G can be made during instead of an pril- May spray) Orthene, Dimethoate, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora pril-may Dusky Birch Sawfly BOXDR foliage Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Scimitar, Talstar, Dursban, Orthene, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Meridian, May-ugust pply Merit to the soil (not mulch) in as a soil drench or a soil injection pril-may June-ugust Boxelder Bug eaves, stems, trunk, seeds. Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Sevin, May-September Male trees do not produce seed Carbaryl, Malathion, Diazinon, Dursban, on which bugs feed. The false Talstar boxelder bug or red shoulder bug is similarly associated with the goldenraintree. BOXWOOD uropean Hornet Boxwood eafminer Bark of twigs, especially lilac, also ash, rhododendron, birch (locate and spray nest) Thorough coverage of foliage of boxwood. Soil drench as an alternative to a foliar spray in pril-may. Sevin, Dursban Sevin, Carbaryl, Dimethoate, Mainspring G Merit, Marathon, Discus, Safari, Zylam iquid, Mainspring G Underside of leaves of boxwood Dimethoate, Orthene, Discus, Merit, Marathon, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Mainspring G June-July pril February-early pril for Merit, Marathon or ate March-arly pril for Safari or Mainspring G pril-may Mealybugs ll Stems and leaves Malathion, Dimethoate, Orthene, Discus, Dursban,Talstar, Merit, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, rena, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, ltus pril-september Boxwood Mite Underside of leaves of boxwood Boxwood Psyllid Webworms eaves webbed together, turn brown Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora ate pril-june Two sprays made one week apart. Underside of leaves of boxwood Malathion, Dursban, Dimethoate, Talstar, Orthene, Discus, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Merit, Marathon, Sanmite, Kontos, BotaniGard, ltus, ncora ate March-May Sevin, Dylox, Orthene, Dursban, celepryn, May-September Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, and others), Decathlon, Tempo, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. 15

16 CTP Catalpa Sphinx eaves of tree, defoliate tree. Dursban, Sevin, Carbaryl, Orthene, celepryn, Bt (Dipel, Javelin & others), Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Decathlon, Tempo, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and May, July others), Scimitar, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Provaunt, Mainspring G CHSTUT arge Chestnut Weevil, Small Chestnut Weevil Giant Bark phid P (Hickory phid) Fall Webworm Twig Pruner Granulate mbrosia Beetle (formerly called sian mbrosia Beetle) CRP MYRT Crape Myrtle phid Crape Myrtle Bark Scale Granulate mbrosia Beetle (formerly called sian mbrosia Beetle) DOGWOOD Dogwood Borer uts, leaves and burrs, soil. Sevin, BotaniGard pply four sprays on a 7-10 day interval beginning ugust 7. Gather nuts daily so that emerging weevil larvae cannot enter the soil. Bark of trunk and limbs. Several generations. arge population causes severe damage. Web encloses leaves and twigs on terminal end of branches. Bore under bark and in center of twigs. Cut twig off by making concentric circular cuts from center of twig outward. Trunk and branches. Treat at first sign of attack, usually when tree is just about to come out of winter dormancy. ook for tiny shotholes in tree with toothpick diameter protrusions composed of sawdust- like frass. insecticidal soap, Merit, Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Discus, rena, horticultural oil, Meridian, Marathon, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Orthene, Dursban, Diazinon, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, ntrust SC, Conserve SC, Scimitar, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Decathlon, Tempo, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, permethrin (stro, Perm- Up and others), Intrepid 2F Chemical control is not practical permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Dursban (use ambrosia beetle rate), Onyx, Onyx Pro 16 pril, May, June, July, ugust May-June, ugust-september Collect and burn fallen twigs. March-May when flying adults caught in ethyl alcohol baited traps or when attack first seen. This usually corresponds with warm (70 F or higher) temperatures for several consecutive days. Crevices of bark on twigs. & Undersides of leaves. Malathion, Diazinon, Dursban, Dimethoate, pril-september Merit, Talstar, Orthene, Discus, insecticidal soap, Marathon, ndeavor, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Trunk and branches. horticultural oil March-early pril as delayed/dormant application C,, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, Discus, pril-may as a soil drench. Meridian, rena C TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, May, July-ugust as a foliar Kontos application. Horticultural oil at 0.5% can be tank mixed with Distance, Talus and Fulcrum Trunk and branches. Treat at first sign of attack, usually when tree is just about to come out of winter dormancy. ook for tiny shotholes in tree with toothpick diameter protrusions composed of sawdust- like frass. Trunk and lower limbs from soil line to lower limb scaffold. permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Dursban (use ambrosia beetle rate), Onyx, Onyx Pro Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) March-May when flying adults caught in ethyl alcohol baited traps or when attack first seen. This usually corresponds with warm (70 degrees F or higher) temperatures for several consecutive days. ate-pril, mid-july, and early- September. ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from May to September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban or permethrin can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes.

17 Dogwood Club Gall (Midge) Dogwood Twig Borer Rose eafhopper Whitefringed Beetle Japanese Beetle White Grubs Dogwood Sawfly Flatheaded ppletree Borer eaves and small branches. Sevin, Carbaryl Treat when leaves are expanding in early spring. Tunnels in limbs, holes and boring Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench dust along underside of around the base of the tree as an infested wilting limb. alternative to bark sprays. Prune and burn infested limbs in Dursban, permethrin May or June before borer (stro, Perm-Up and others) matures. Foliage commonly stippled white. Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Flagship, Discus, Marathon, Merit, TriStar, Meridian, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Sanmite, Provaunt, ltus arvae girdle trunk and roots below soil line, especially on seedlings. Sevin, Carbaryl, Imidan Mow and rake before spraying. arvae feed on fibrous roots. This Merit, Marathon is primarily a regulatory problem when shipping nursery stock to states west of the Mississippi river. Check with the T Dept. of griculture for current shipping certification of ball and burlap nursery stock. Foliage Malathion, Diazion, Dursban, Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, ntrust SC, Conserve SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Meridian all Granulate mbrosia Beetle (formerly called sian mbrosia Beetle) M arvae bore into trunk and feed in Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench phloem and on the sapwood. around the base of the tree as an ewly transplanted trees are very alternative to trunk sprays. susceptible Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Trunk and branches. Treat at first permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), sign of attack, usually when tree Dursban (use ambrosia beetle rate), Onyx, is just about to come out of winter Onyx Pro dormancy. ook for tiny shotholes in tree with toothpick diameter protrusions composed of sawdust- like frass. Mid-May Mid-June pril-ugust June-September Spray the plants and all of the ground on a 10 day schedule to control the adults and prevent egg laying. Keep infested fields free of weeds. Do not use leguminous cover crops such as red clover. Instead, use oats, sudex or small grains. Do not plant dogwood near kobus magnolia or yellowwood. June-July July-ugust February to mid-pril arly May mid-june ate March-May or when attack is seen. lm Coxcomb Gall lm eaf phid lm Sack Gall eaves, series of elevations with red tips filled with green or brown aphids. Resembles a rooster's comb. eaves, small yellow to green aphids. eaves, bladder-like galls attended by ants. Malathion, Diazinon Marathon, Meridian, rena, insecticidal soap, Diazinon, horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, Malathion, Dursban, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Merit, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, ltus, ncora Diazinon, Malathion March, pril, May pril, May-June March, pril-may 17

18 lm Bark Bark of small branches and trunk Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin May Beetle (ative lm Bark Beetle) carry Dutch lm disease. (stro, Perm-Up and others) urope an lm Bark Beetle uropean lm Scale (Brown lm Scale) White- Banded eafhop per lm eaf Beetle arger lm eaf Beetle C P P Principal vector of Dutch lm disease. Crotches of small twigs in outer perimeter of crown. The overwintering nymphs adhere to the twigs and base of buds. Crawlers hatch in late May to mid- June and move to the leaves where they develop for the rest of the summer. Vector of phloem necrosis. Bark, leaves. eaves skeletonized, will turn brown. arge yellow to brown beetle with greenish patches at end of wing covers (elytra). arvae are reddish- brown, metallic lustered. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) horticultural oil, Diazinon, Malathion, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Discus, Merit, Marathon, TriStar, Distance, Meridian, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Sevin, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Dursban, Merit, Discus, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, rena, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, ltus Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, BotaniGard, Mainspring G Sevin, Malathion, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Mainspring G lm eafminer Foliage of elm. Dursban, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Talstar, TriStar Whitefringed arvae girdle trunk and roots Sevin, Carbaryl, Imidan Beetle below soil line, especially on Mow and rake before spraying. seedlings. UOYMUS Bean phid ll Undersides of leaves and stems Merit, Marathon, Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Discus, insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus uonymus Scale (an armored scale), C, Foliage, twigs and stems of euonymus bittersweet, pachysandra horticultural oil, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Orthene, Dursban, insecticidal soap, Dimethoate, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos February, May June-ugust May, June pril, May, July May, June May-June June-September Spray plants and surface of soil on a 10 day schedule to control the adults and prevent egg laying. Keep infested fields free of weeds. Do not use leguminous cover crops such as red clover. Instead, use oats, sudex or small grains. Do not plant elm near kobus magnolia or yellowwood. pril-september pril-ugust. Two sprays 10 days apart whenever crawlers are emerging. Two more sprays at 10 day intervals will be needed for each flush of crawlers. Only make one soil directed application per year of a systemic insecticide. If needed, target crawlers with a foliar application of an insecticide with a different mode of action. 18

19 WIGD UOYMUS (BURIG BUSH) Twospotted Spider Mite Indian Wax Scale Foliage Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, ncora C Merit, Marathon, Discus, Dursban, Orthene, Dimethoate, Flagship, Talus, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos FRUIT TR FOWRIG ORMT (Ornamental Crabapple, Cherry, Plum, Pear; fruit not for consumption) pril-ugust Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year; since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pplications of systemic insecticide should be made in late pril to the soil. Wait until mid-may to make foliar applications of other listed insecticides. second foliar application should be made days after the first application. Since there are 2-3 generations per year, spray again with the two spray regiment whenever crawlers are seen emerging. phids (crabapple, pear, plum, cherry) Green Peach phid (Plum, cherry) pple phid (crabap ple) The Rosy pple phid (crabapple) Woolly pple phid eaves, twigs, buds, discoloration, distortion, honeydew. Slender, light green or yellow. Treat foliage. Treat foliage. This aphid is green. Dark purple, rosy pink, or slate. Treat foliage. eaves, twigs, buds, roots, blueblack with white, wooly covering over rear end of body. Treat balled and burlapped and container grown plants. insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Meridian, pril, May, June, July, ugust rena, Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, ote: Do not use Orthene on Discus, Merit, Marathon, ndeavor, flowering crab apple as foliar injury Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, may occur. Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora insecticidal soap, Meridian, rena, pril, May, June Malathion, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Diazinon, Orthene, Safari, Zylam iquid, ndeavor, horticultural oil, Flagship, TriStar, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora insecticidal soap, Meridian, rena, March, pril, May Malathion, Diazinon, Discus, Merit, Marathon, ndeavor, horticultural oil, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Talstar, Discus, rena, Merit, Marathon, March, pril, May insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Diazinon, Malathion, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora horticultural oil, Diazinon, Di-Syston, pril, May, June, July, Malathion, Mavrik quaflow, MSR Spray Concentrate, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Dursban, Talstar, ndeavor, Meridian, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora 19

20 Peachtree Borer (cherry, plum, peach) Roots, trunk and lower limb scaffold. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Shothole borer Trunk and limbs Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) esser Peachtree Borer (cherry, plum, peach) Round-headed ppletree Borer (crabapple, mountain ash, hawthorn, serviceberry, Flatheaded ppletree Borer Fall Webworm (crabapple, cherry, pear, plum) White pple eafhopper (crabapple) Rose eafhoppe r (crabapple ) Mites -- uropean red mite, Twospotted spider mite, (crabapple, pear, cherry, plum) Injured areas of trunk limbs. Trunk near ground. Young seedling trees frequently damaged. ate May, July 15 ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from late June to September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes. ater May, July 15 Same timing of sprays as with peachtree borer. Dursban, Onyx, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up ate pril, Mid-June and others) ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from late May-September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes. Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench March around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin pril, June (stro, Perm-Up and others) ll pest of crabapple. Marathon, Discus, or Merit drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Tents over terminal end of branches. eaves are strippled and blotched by feeding of leafhoppers eaves are stippled and blotched by feeding of leafhoppers. imbs, crevices of bark on limbs and trunk. Foliage Dursban, Orthene, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Bt (Dipel, Javelin and others), Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, Diazinon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn Discus, Merit, Marathon, Sevin, Carbaryl, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Flagship, TriStar, Meredian, rena, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Sanmite, Provaunt, ltus Sevin, Carbaryl, Discus, Merit, Marathon, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Flagship, TriStar, Meridian, rena, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Sanmite, Provaunt, ltus (not for twospotted spider mites) Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, ncora February to mid-pril arly-may, mid-june June, ugust ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crab apple as foliar injury may occur. pril, May, June, July, ugust, September pril, May, ugust, September pril-september Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. 20

21 Pear Slug Sawfly (pear) Pear Psylla (pear) San Jose Scale (crabapple, pear, cherry, plum) (an armored scale) Oystershell Scale (crabapple, pear, cherry, plum) (an armored scale) C C Granulate mbrosia Beetle (formerly called sian mbrosia Beetle) Terrapin Scale C (crabapple, pear, plum, cherry) uropean Fruit ecanium Scale (crabapple, pear, plum, cherry) Japanese Beetle White Peach Scale (plum, cherry, peach) (an armored scale) Fall Cankerworm (crabapple) astern Tent Caterpillar (crabapple, cherry, peach) C C eaves are skeletonized by feeding larvae. Crevices of bark on trunk, debris or ground cover. They feed on buds and leaves, causing leaf drop and deformed buds Females circular, size of a pinhead, dark brown to black, raised dull yellow center while males are oval. emon yellow crawlers on stems, buds, leaves and fruit. Brown to gray, oyster shell shape, 1/8 inch long, narrow at one end, widened and rounded at other end. Males are smaller and oval. Trunk and branches. Treat at first sign of attack, usually when tree is just about to come out of winter dormancy. ook for tiny shotholes in tree with toothpick diameter protrusions composed of sawdust- like frass. One of largest native scales, dark brown, hemispherical, convex, crimped or fluted around edges. Crawlers flattened, lighter in color, leaves, twigs. arger but similar in appearance to Terrapin scale. May be partly covered with white powdery substance. The beetles are 3/8 inch long, metallic green with coppery wing covers Diazinon, Carbaryl, Sevin, Marathon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Discus, Merit, Meridian Diazinon, zatin X, Ornazin, Sanmite, Kontos, BotaniGard horticultural oil, Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, TriStar, Talus, Dursban, Safari, Zylam iquid, Distance, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos horticultural oil, Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Safari, Zylam iquid, Tri- Star, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Dursban (use ambrosia beetle rate), Onyx, Onyx Pro horticultural oil, Malathion, Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Orthene, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G horticultural oil, Diazinon, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Merit, Orthene, Discus, TriStar, Marathon, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, Talus, Meridian, Distance, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Merit, Marathon, Discus, Sevin, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, TriStar, Mainspring G Circular, white tinged with brown. horticultural oil, Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos dults emerge to lay eggs in ovember and December. arvae appear as foliage develops in the spring. Slender, green, striped, looping caterpillars. Dirty white webs in limb crotches beginning in March when wild cherry leaves are developing. arvae remain in web during cloudy or rainy weather, defoliate trees. pril-may, July Spray foliage two weeks after petal fall and again two weeks later. May, June-July, ugust ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crab apple as foliar injury may occur. May-June, July-ugust ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crabapple as foliar injury may occur. ate March-May or when attack is seen. May-June ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crabapple as foliar injury may occur. June-ugust ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crabapple as foliar injury may occur. pril (soil application) June, July & early ugust (spray weekly) May, July, September Three generations - treat when crawlers are present. ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crabapple as foliar injury may occur. Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and pril others), Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Scimitar, Talstar, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Trap the emerging adult females crawling up the trunk to lay eggs with a sticky adhesive band of tangle foot. horticultural oil, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo March-pril SC Ultra, Talstar, Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Scimitar, celepryn, Dursban, Orthene, Malathion, Diazinon, Conserve SC, insecticidal soap, ntrust SC, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F ote: Do not use Orthene on flowering crabapple as foliar injury may occur. 21

22 Oriental Fruit Moth (crabapple, cherry, pear and plum) HCKBRRY Psyllids (hackberry ipple Gall) Psyllids (Blister Gall) sian Woolly Hackberry phid HMOCK Spruce Mite Hemlock riophyid Mite (Rust Mites) Hemlock ooper P Pinkish white 1/2- inch larva tunnel in succulent shoot tip. ipple-shape gall on underside of leaf. Cup-shaped impression on upper side of leaf. Blister gall on leaf, circular, flat and blister-like. Convex on underside with a nipple in the center. Twigs of hackberry and sugarberry Dursban, celepryn, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Talstar, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F pril, July, ugust Discus, Malathion, Merit, Marathon, Treat when leaf buds are showing Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Sanmite, Kontos, some green and again when BotaniGard, ltus, ncora leaves are one-half expanded. Malathion, Dursban, Sevin, Carbaryl, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Sanmite, Kontos, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate (soil injection), ltus, ncora Treat when leaf buds are showing some green and again when leaves are one-half expanded. root zone Drench with Merit, Discus, Marathon, Flagship, Meridian, Mainspring G March-June foliage Marathon II, Flagship, Tristar, Safari, Zylam July-September iquid, Meridian, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus longate Hemlock Scale C (an armored scale) Hemlock Scale (an armored scale) eedles turn yellow, webbing between leaves. eedles with grayish cast, feed on upper and lower needle surfaces. Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, pril, September-October horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Two sprays made one week apart. Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Hexygon should only be used once Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, per crop cycle or once per year and MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, since it is predominantly Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate applied prior to adult mite buildup. If TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, vid, pril-may Dimethoate, Savate, Forbid, kari, Kontos Two sprays made one week apart. May, June Foliage. Sevin, Carbaryl, ntrust SC, Conserve SC, celepryn, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Tempo, Scimitar, Decathlon, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F C Foliage. Crawlers are yellow while horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, the adult female is 1.5 mm long, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, elongate with a light yellow brown Kontos to brownish orange waxy cover. The smaller males have a white waxy cover in the nymphal stages. Foliage. Small, oblong, dark gray or nearly black, undersides of needles; needles drop prematurely. horticultural oil, Talus, TriStar, Distance, Dimethoate, Safari, Zylam iquid, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos May, June, July pril, May, ugust 22

23 Hemlock, root zone Drench with Merit, Discus, Marathon, Woolly delgid Meridian, Safari, Zylam iquid, Mainspring G Psyllids (Blister Gall) HICKORY Giant Bark phid Mid-March to Mid-June or late ugust-early December. trunk injection Imicide One week before to 2 weeks after leaf out in the spring or during September, about a month before partial leaf shed. Trunk Spray Safari, Zylam iquid mid-may to mid-june or late July- October underside of foliage Merit, Marathon, Flagship, Discus, Meridian, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Kontos, insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Mainspring G, ltus Blister gall on leaf, circular, flat and blister-like. Convex on underside with a nipple in the center. See under CHSTUT. Malathion, Dursban, Sevin, Carbaryl, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Sanmite, Kontos, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate (soil injection), ltus, ncora May-September, October-pril ote: if using horticultural oil, use a 1% spray solution from May- September and a 2% spray solution from October-pril. Horticultural oil will aid in control of eggs, if present. Treat when leaf buds are showing some green and again when leaves are one-half expanded. Hickory eafstem Twigs of hickory Treat overwintering eggs with spray in March. Gall Phylloxera Sevin, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Malathion, Merit, Control stem mothers in pril at bud Dursban split. Twig Girdler Twigs girdled by adult break off and fall to ground. Chemical control is not practical. Rake and destroy fallen twigs in the late fall, winter, spring and early Summer. Twig Pruner See under CHSTUT. Chemical control is not practical. Rake and destroy fallen twigs before pril 1. Hickory Horned argest native caterpillar 4 to 5 o controls needed. Usually occur in small July, ugust, September Devil inches long. The green body is covered with spines and has long, reddish spines in back of the head. numbers. Hickory Bark Beetle Hickory Spiral Borer Hickory Tussock Moth HOY Holly eafminer Holly Scale (an armored scale) P eaf petioles, twigs, bark of trunk. Water trees during periods of drought. Terminal twigs under bark, spiral burrows, twigs break off and fall. permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) June, July, ugust Rake and destroy fallen twigs before pril. May, July arvae feed on leaves. Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Dylox, Dimilin, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Tempo, Decathloon, Scimitar, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F & upper and undersides of leaves on merican, nglish holly (see native holly leafminer) Merit, Discus, Marathon, TriStar, Orthene, Dimethoate, MSR Spray Concentrate, Mainspring G leaves and twigs of hollies horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos May, ugust May Don't use Dimethoate on Burford holly. pril-may 23

24 ative Holly eafminer Mulberry Whitefly Two-lined Spittlebug Cottony Camellia Scale Indian Wax Scale Southern Red Mite & foliage of merican holly Orthene, Dimethoate, Merit, Marathon, Discus, TriStar, Mainspring G, Underside of foliage - the pupa is shiny black with a fringe of cottony, white wax filaments. Thatch control is important in preventing and controlling spittlebugs on lawns. Proper dethatching and fertilization practices can disrupt the humid conditions essential for spittlebugs. Mow and then irrigate several hours before making an insecticide application to turf. horticultural oil, Mavrik quaflow, Merit, Discus, Tempo, Marathon, Tempo SC Ultra, insecticidal soap, Decathlon, zatin, Ornazin, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, ndeavor, rena, Talus, Distance, Fulcrum, ria, Magus, Sanmite, Forbid, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Diazinon, Dursban, Orthene, Sevin, Mavrik quaflow, Talstar May-July Don't use Dimethoate on Burford holly. Use Merit, Marathon, MSR Spray Concentrate, Orthene, or Dimethoate for control of mining larvae. Spring and Summer May-September on turfgrass June-September on holly foliage Foliage Orthene, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra Primarily on underside of leaves. May-June horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, Tempo, Decathlon, Dursban, Diazinon, Malathion, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G C Undersides of leaves of Ilex, especially convexa. lso other broadleafed evergreens. Merit, Marathon, Discus, Dursban, Orthene, Dimethoate, Flagship, Talus, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora pplications of systemic insecticides should be made in late pril. Wait until mid-may to make foliar applications of other listed insecticides. second foliar application should be made days after the first application. Since there are 2-3 generations per year, spray again with the two spray regiment whenever crawlers are seen emerging. Don't use Dimethoate on Burford holly. pril-may, ugust-october Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. 24

25 HOYOCUST Mimosa Webworm Honeylocust Plant Bug Honeylocust Pod Gall Midge Honeylocust Spider Mite eaves webbed together and skeletonized. Dursban, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Dylox, Dimilin, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Tempo, Decathlon, Scimitar, Provaunt, Mainspring G xamine expanding leaflets for the insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Sevin, small, green nymphs and treat before distortion, stunting and discoloration of foliage occurs. Carbaryl, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Talstar, TriStar, Tempo SC Ultra, Scimitar, Flagship, ria, BotaniGard, ltus, ncora eaves. Causes leaf galls. Sevin, Carbaryl, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Meridian, Flagship Foliage Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora JUIPR Bagworm Foliage Dimethoate, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Mavrik quaflow, Orthene, Tempo SC Ultra, Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Dylox, Malathion, Dursban, Conserve SC, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), ntrust SC, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Juniper Scale (an armored scale) Juniper Webworm June-July ugust-september pril Treat growing tips as soon as growth starts in the spring. Re-treat at 10-day intervals until infestation is cleaned up. pril-september Two to three sprays made 7 days apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. late May-June ll eaves and stems Dormant oil February March horticultural oil, Sevin, Malathion, Talus, Dursban, Orthene, Safari, Zylam iquid, Distance, TriStar, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Intrepid 2F late pril-may Foliage of juniper, grayish when Dursban, Orthene, celepryn, Talstar, March-pril, ugust covered Onyx, Onyx Pro, Tempo, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Decathlon, Scimitar, Provaunt, Mainspring G Spruce Mite,, Foliage, especially inner foliage Februay-March Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora pril, October Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. 25

26 ilac Borer Bark of trunk and larger branches, especially around wounds of lilac ilac eafminer Two-banded Japanese Weevil eaves mined and rolled, defoliation occurs Roots, new leaves, shoots, inner foliage. dult weevils notch leaves, eventually leaving only the petiole. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Orthene, Talstar, Mavrik quaflow, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, TriStar, Mainspring G Orthene, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard Mid-pril and mid-june for lilac and privet. ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from May to September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban or permethrin can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes. pril-july pril-september OCUST ocust Borer Mine in sapwood, heartwood. Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench June around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and ugust-september others) ocust eaves. Malathion, Merit, Marathon, Carbaryl, May, June, July eafminer Mine in leaves. Discus, Sevin, Diazinon, TriStar, Orthene, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Mainspring G Blister Beetle Foliage Sevin, Carbaryl, Mainspring G June-September MGOI Yellow Poplar Weevil pril, May to early June Magnolia Borer MP phids - numerous species infest maple Woolly lder phid orway Maple phid Giant Bark phid (Hickory phid) Sugar Maple Borer (Roundheaded borer pest of sugar maple) Maple Callus Borer eaves. dults feed on leaves in pril and again in May to early June. arvae mine in leaves in pril. Burrow in trunk near base of tree. Two generations per year. Undersides of leaves, stems and on trunk; honeydew dripping is a nuisance. Curled leaf encloses cottony mass often in thread-like tufts and blueblack aphids. Sevin, Carbaryl, Talstar, Dursban, Scimitar, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, BotaniGard Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro Diazinon, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Malathion, Meridian, rena, MSR Spray Concentrate, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Diazinon, Meridian, Malathion, Discus, Merit, Marathon, ndeavor, MSR Spray Concentrate, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Often defoliates orway and sugar horticultural oil, Diazinon, Merit, Marathon, maple. arge, hairy green to brown Discus, Malathion, MSR Spray aphid. See under CHSTUT. Presence of transverse ridges or elevations on large limbs or trunk with sawdust-like frass and moisture with rough cracked bark Rough places or wounds on trunk. arvae bore into sapwood. Concentrate, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Remove larvae from beneath bark in Spring. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) arly May, early September pril-september pril-july pril, May, June ote: some varieties of maple are oil sensitive ate pril ate May, mid-july arly May, late June. ntomopathogenic nematodes can be applied to the trunk from late May to September to control borers in an infested tree or shrub. Dursban or permethrin can be used 2 weeks after using entomopathogenic nematodes. 26

27 Maple Spider Foliage Mite Shoot Boring Caterpillar Gall-Making Maple Borer eopard Moth Petiole Borer Fall Cankerworm Spring Cankerworm P P P Small larvae bore into new shoots; leaves wilt and turn black. Spray to control larvae that will be entering terminal twigs. More of a problem on red maple. Base of small dead twigs on trunk, sapwood and heartwood of trunk; swellings or galls develop over wounds. arvae bore into branches and trunk, feed in heartwood; frass or sawdust extruded through holes. Small sawflies tunnel in leaf petioles; one third of leaves drop. eaves skeletonized at tips of branches, leaves completely eaten except for veins by older larvae. arvae appear as foliage develops in the spring. Slender, green, striped, looping caterpillars. dults emerge to lay eggs in December. Twigs of maple, elm, oak, beech, linden, others. Inchworm like caterpillars are gray to brown with faint yellow stripes. They appear as foliage develops and can defoliate trees. Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Diazinon, Scimitar, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Sevin, Carbaryl, Talstar, Bt (Dipel, Javelin and others), Tempo, Scimitar, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, celepryn, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Trap the emerging adult females crawling up the trunk to lay eggs with a sticky adhesive band of Tanglefoot. Sevin, Carbaryl, Talstar, Tempo, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Scimitar, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, permethrin (stro, Perm- Up and others), Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F dults emerge to lay eggs in late Trap the emerging adult females crawling February and March. Can defoliate up the trunk to lay eggs with a sticky trees. adhesive band of Tanglefoot. May-September Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pply a foliar treatment anytime from bud break to when the first two pair of leaves have come out (usually in mid to late pril). July-ugust Other species feed on and web small leaves together. Chemical control is often not needed. Spray at first sign of damage. pril, May, July, ugust pril-ugust eaf drop will not damage tree. Control recommendations are usually not warranted. Some of the maple petiole borer damage may be prevented by applying insecticide sprays to the trees in mid-pril. pril Mid-to-late March pril 27

28 Cottony Maple Scale Maple Mealybug ecanium Scales Oystershell Scale (an armored scale) Japanese Maple Scale (an armored scale) Cottony Cushion Scale Potato eafhopper Twigs of silver and other maples. horticultural oil Sevin, Carbaryl, Tempo, May - June Decathlon, Malathion, Diazinon, horticultural oil, Dursban, TriStar, Tempo SC Ultra, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, Talus, Meridian, Distance, June - July ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. Bark and twigs of maple. Fall Webworm Greenstriped Mapleworm Maple Pouch Galls (Maple bladder gall) (Maple spindle or finger gall) Maple Trumpet Skeletonizer P Dark to reddish-brown circular to oval, strongly convex. Scales resemble miniature oysters on limbs, twigs, trunk. Oyster-shell shaped overlain by grayish white wax. Brown scales, large white cottony fluted mass with 600 red eggs. Sevin, Carbaryl, Tempo, Malathion, Diazinon, horticultural oil, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, rena, Talus, ria, Sevin, Carbaryl, horticultural oil, Malathion, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos horticultural oil, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, rena, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Sevin, Carbaryl, horticultural oil, Malathion, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Treat foliage for these tiny, light Sevin, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Dursban, green nymphs and adults. Only the Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Scimitar, adults can fly. Tempo SC Ultra, Flagship, Discus, Marathon, Merit, TriStar, rena, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Sanmite, Provaunt, ltus Dirty web encloses end of branches. Foliage of maple yellowish-green larvae marked above with 8 lightand 7 dark-green stripes. Two generations per year. Green, red, black galls on upper leaf surface. o appreciable damage to tree vigor. Green to red spindle shape or fingerlike leaf galls. Undersides of leaves, larvae spin a long trumpet-like tube of silk and frass, leaves fold around tube. Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Bt (Dipel, Javelin & others), Dursban, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx celepryn, Talstar, Onyx Pro, Tempo, Scimitar, Decathlon, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Sevin, Carbaryl, Mavrik quaflow, zatin, Tempo, Decathlon, Onyx, Tempo SC Ultra, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Talstar, celepryn, Scimitar, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F, Sevin, Carbaryl, insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, vid, kari, Kontos Sevin, Carbaryl, Mavrik quaflow, zatin, Tempo, Decathlon, Onyx, Tempo SC Ultra, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Talstar, celepryn, Scimitar, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F pril, May, June, ugust ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. June-ugust ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. Use Merit or Marathon in May if applying to the root zone. June ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. Mid-May Mid-July, ugust-october ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. pril, May, June, ugust ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. Throughout late spring and summer to prevent hopperburn to leaves. May, June, ugust, September May-June, July-ugust ote: Some varieties of maple are oil sensitive. Spray bark in early spring before leaf buds break with. pply any of the other listed insecticides when first leaves are 1/4 expanded and again in 10 days. May-June-July 28

29 Forest Tent Caterpillar Flatheaded ppletree Borer MIMOS Mimosa Webworm P ll arvae live in colony on silken net on trunks or large limbs; bluish caterpillar with black dots; diamond and white dots alternate on back. arvae bore into trunk and feed in phloem and outer sapwood. ewly transplanted trees are very susceptible. eaves webbed together and skeletonized. OK phids ll Undersides of leaves discolored, distorted, cupped, covered with honeydew. Giant Bark phid Red Oak Borer (roundheaded borer) White Oak Borer (roundheaded borer) ll P P Columbian Timber Beetle Carpenterworm P Twig Girdler Twig Pruner Flatheaded ppletree Borer Twolined Chestnut borer (flatheaded borer) Oak Bark Scarver (roundheaded borer) ll ll ll See under CHSTUT. arvae bore into inner bark and sapwood, tunnels extend into near the center of the trunk. arvae bore into sapwood and heartwood; frass or sawdust is extruded from the borer hole; adults emerge through round holes in the See under POPR. ggs laid in bark crevices or wound; larvae bore into sapwood and heartwood; large winding tunnels weaken tree. See under CHSTUT. Twig girdler - female lays eggs in twig before chewing a notch around the twig that then falls to the ground. Sevin, Carbaryl, Decathlon, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Onyx, Dursban, Dimilin, Conserve SC, ntrust SC celepryn, Talstar, Scimitar, Tempo, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Marathon, Discus, or Merit drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Sevin, Carbaryl, Dylox, Dursban, Onyx, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Scimitar, Onyx Pro, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F pril, May, June February to mid-pril arly-may, mid-june June, July, ugust Merit, Marathon, Discus, insecticidal pril, May, June-September soap, horticultural oil, rena, Orthene, Malathion, Diazinon, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Fertilize trees to maintain vigor. Remove "brood" trees in young timber stands. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Dursban, permethrin (stro,perm-up and others) Chemical control is not practical. arly May arly June, mid-july arly pril arly May, June Mid to late pril Spraying oak should coincide with leafing out and flowering of pecan. Pick up and burn the fallen twigs. arvae bore into trunk and feed in Marathon, Discus, or Merit Drench around February to mid-pril pholem and outer sapwood. ewly the base of the tree as an alternative to transplanted trees are very susceptible. trunk sprays. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) arly-may, mid-june arvae bore into trunk and feed in Marathon, Discus, or Merit drench around February to mid-pril phloem and outer sapwood. the base of the tree as an alternative to ewly transplanted trees are very trunk sprays. susceptible. Oaks growing Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin arly-may, mid-june (stro, Perm-Up and others) arvae feed in bark and pupate in outer sapwood; scars result from feeding. Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) pril May, early July pply first spray when chestnut and chinkapin are in full bloom. 29

30 siatic Oak Weevil Oak Sapling Borer (roundheaded borer) Oak Branch Borer (roundheaded borer) Ivory Marked Beetle (roundheaded borer) Chestnut Bark Borer (roundheaded borer) n Oak Borer (clearwing moth) Oak Treehopper foliage Talstar, Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, BotaniGard, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) P P P P Base and roots of oak saplings; base of tree may be hollowed out, causing death of tree or bulb-like swellings at base arvae feeding in small branches cause gall-like swellings. arvae enter through scars on bark; feed in heartwood. arvae feed in thick moist bark in crotches and at base of tree. Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Bark of trunk Dursban, Onyx, permethrin (stro and others) gg laying slits in bark can kill small branches. Two generations per year. Oak Sawflies Foliage. They skeletonize the leaves. Orangestriped Oakworm Redhumped Oakworm Saddled Prominent Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar Yellownecked Caterpillar Black caterpillars with eight longitudinal orange-yellow stripes on back and sides; larvae feed in groups. arvae skeletonize leaves feeding in groups. ater entire leaf is eaten. Sevin, Carbaryl, Orthene Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Orthene, Malathion, Diazinon, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, Meridian Sevin, Carbaryl, Conserve SC, Dursban, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), ntrust SC, Decathlon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Sevin, Carbaryl, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Dursban, Decathlon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Young larvae skeletonize upper Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Bt (Dipel, leaf surface; older larvae eat entire Javelin, and others), Conserve SC, ntrust leaf; trees defoliated. SC, Decatholon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F arvae skeletonize lower leaf surface and later eat entire leaf. Foliage of oak and other hardwoods such as maple, hickory, birch, crabapple, quince, elm, butternut, walnut and locust. Gypsy Moth Foliage of oak and other hardwoods; young larvae feed on leaf base or leaf surface; older larvae feed from edge of leaf at night. late June to late ugust arly pril arly May, mid-june Mid-pril Mid-May pril May, mid-june pril May, mid-june arly June, July 1 May-June, ugust May-September June, ugust May, ugust June-July Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Bt (Dipel, May-June, ugust-september Javelin, and others), Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Decathlon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin and July-ugust others), Dursban, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Decathlon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Talstar, Scimitar, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and pril-early June others), Dimilin, Dursban, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Orthene, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, celepryn, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F 30

31 Obscure Scale The scale are a mottled gray that (an armored C looks like the bark. Scrape the horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, Mid-July and again on ugust 1. Treat scale) bark to reveal the lighter color on the underside of the scale cover. Distance, TriStar, rena, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos when crawlers emerge. This may be earlier than mid- July. Oak ecanium Scale Oak Spider Mite Oak Galls C Crawlers emerge in June and migrate to leaves. They migrate back to the branches in ugust to overwinter as second-instar nymphs. Found on the upper leaf surface of oak, birch, elm chestnut, beech, and hickory. horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Malathion, Diazinon, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Fulcrum, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, rena, Meridian, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora umerous galls or growths occur on leaves, stems, buds, twigs and leaf petioles of many plants. Wasps, flies, aphids and mites are the principal gall makers. Most galls do not damage plants except for disfiguring the plant parts. Once formed and developed, there is little stress on the plants. By sheer numbers and deformed growth, some galls interfere with normal plant functions. eaf galls and twig galls do cause damage in some infestations. Twig galls can cause severe damage or the death of trees. Identity of a gall has to be determined and the life cycle understood before effective control measures can be applied. Send gall specimens to your local county xtension office for identification in the event of a heavy infestation. 31 June-July couple sprays about 14 days apart may be needed. arly spring before leaf buds break. May-September Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. o controls are needed in many cases. To be effective, insecticides such as Diazinon, Malathion, Dimethoate, or Sevin must be applied just prior to the time of egg laying and the initial stages of gall development. Some galls can be controlled during the early development stage. Oak Phylloxera Bark of trunk and branches. February- March Foliage Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, horticultural oil, Merit, insecticidal soap, Discus, Marathon Treat when nymphs first appear in pril-may. Gouty Oak Gall Horned Oak Gall Succulent Oak Gall Wool Sower Gall Twigs, irregular, globose, 1 1/2 o satisfactory chemical controls. inches in diameter, frequently confluent, length to 5 inches, surface with round exit holes. Twigs. Tubes project like horns. o satisfactory chemical controls. Globose, irregular, woody, variable in size with many hornlike projections. Globular gall, succulent, hollow Diazinon, Malathion, Dimethoate, Sevin, leaf, bud and catkin gall containing Carbaryl a white, free globular kernel, green, sometimes red tinged, diameter 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Spring. Globular, white, pinkish-marked, o control needed. woolly growth with seed-like grains on twigs in June, diameter 1 1/2 to 2 inches. PI Bagworm Foliage of many trees. Feed on bark and needles from mid- May through ugust. pril - leaf galls Summer - gouty oak gall on twigs and branches pril - leaf galls summer - horned oak gall on twigs and branches March, pril pril Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Malathion, mid-may through ugust Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Sevin, Tempo, Best control on young larvae from Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Mavrik mid-may to mid-june quaflow, Dylox, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G

32 uropean Pine Shoot Moth antucket Pine Tip Moth Pine Bark delgid oblolly Pine Sawfly P Small area between buds on terminals and laterals; foliage and bark of twigs on Scotch, Mugho, Japanese black pine. Prune or shear off infested terminals before June. Dylox, Diazinon, Dimethoate, Orthene, Dimilin, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm- Up and others), sana X, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Tunnel in buds and twigs of young Dylox, Dimethoate, Orthene, Dimilin, trees up to 10 feet tall. (three Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and generations; use pheromone traps others), celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, to better time sprays) Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Bark of trunk, branches, and twigs on white pine; also Scotch and ustrian pine. Feed in groups on needles. Redbrown head, dull green body with gray stripes. One inch long. ats last year's needles only. Trees not killed. Pine Sawflies arvae feed in groups on needles. Olive green or tan with glossy black head. Some have two longitudinal black stripes on back or a row of black spots on each side or a large black spot on last segment. Sawflies usually have 8 pair of fleshy prolegs that lack tiny hooks called crochets. eedles of most conifers especially red, Scotch, white pine and spruce Red-Headed Pine Sawfly Virginia Pine Sawfly Pine eedle Scale (an armored scale) Pine eedle Miner C Pine Spittlebug Pine Webworm White Pine phid Thorough wetting of needles. Broods may occur throughout the season. Feed in groups on needles; green body with black spots or stripes, black head; one generation. eedles of white, red, Scotch, ustrian, Mugho pine, spruce. horticultural oil, Dursban, Meridian, Merit, Marathon, Discus, insecticidal soap, Flagship, TriStar, Kontos, Mainspring G Malathion, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Talstar, Marathon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian Malathion, Dursban, Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian *Provaunt is labeled for uropean Pine Sawfly Scimitar, Malathion, Talstar, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Marathon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian Scimitar, Malathion, Talstar, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Orthene, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, horticultural oil, Dursban, insecticidal soap, MSR spray concentrate, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Foliage of pitch and jack pine. Orthene, Discus, Dimethoate, Merit, Marathon, rena, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Conserve SC, Flagship, Meridian, zatin X, celepryn, Distance, Fulcrum, Dimilin Foliage (needles), need long residual, especially white pine, also Scotch, red, Japanese. Foliage (needles) on red, pitch, white pine, usually on seedlings and in plantations. eedles of white pine; twigs and small branches of white pine, 1/8" with white marking. Malathion, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra 32 arly pril, June pril-ugust pril-july March-May March-October May-September March-May pril, July-ugust when crawlers are emerging. May-June May, July-ugust Scimitar, Malathion, Talstar, Dursban, June-early September Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Sevin, Carbaryl, Orthene, Mainspring G, Provaunt. In the landscape, manual removal of the messy nests on the ends of branches is an alternative to spraying. Orthene, Malathion, Merit, Marathon, pril-september Discus, Diazinon,Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, rena, Dibrom, insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, Dursban, Dimethoate, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ncora

33 Pine Tortoise Scale Pine Tube Moth riophyid Mites (Rust Mites) Black Turpentine Beetle C Marathon, Discus, Merit, Sevin, Carbaryl, early June-July when crawlers are Malathion, Orthene, TriStar, horticultural emerging oil, Dursban, insecticidal soap, Safari, Zylam iquid, Distance, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G eedles webbed into tube. Control rarely warranted. In the landscape, May, July handpick and dispose of pine tubes. Scimitar, Malathion, Talstar, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Orthene, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Ips ngraver Beetles Southern Pine ngraver astern Fivespined Ips eedles discolor and become chlorotic. Rust mites taper from head to tail. They are smaller than spider mites. One-third to one-fourth inch long, bore vertical tunnel in cambium; larvae bore large gallery adjacent to vertical tunnel; pitch tubes on lower trunk and roots. One-eighth inch long, crown and upper trunk. Trunk-(mid and lower), 3/16 inch long. Trunk--mid and lower, 1/4 inch long; bark with shot holes and pitch tubes; Y- or H-shaped galleries with short lateral to either side in inner bark. horticultural oil, Dimethoate, vid, Sevin, Carbaryl, Savate, Forbid, kari, Kontos Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro Southern Pine Beetle S-shaped tunnels in inner bark. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Pales Weevil Stump treatment: sana X (Christmas tree plantings, forest Pull and destroy stumps before tree nurseries, conifer seed orchards only, June or treat stumps in Marchearly stump only), Dursban, orsban pril or after trees are cut and the temperature is above 50 F. Foliar treatment: Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard, The tender bark of seedling permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others.) conifers and the young twigs of larger conifers can be protected by spraying in early to late pril and again in ugust. Pine Root Collar Weevil White Pine Weevil Bark at base of trunk and soil surface 8 inches out from trunk of Scotch, red pine and ustrian pine. Thorough coverage on terminals of white pine, orway and white spruce, Scotch pine and Japanese black pine. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Dursban, MSR Spray Concentrate, Dimethoate, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Talstar, Onyx, Tempo, Scimitar, Decathlon, BotaniGard Merit, Marathon, Discus pril-october Two sprays made one week apart. First treat when new growth is 3-5 inches long. pril-september March-September March-September March-September pril-october Cut and let lie or remove dying trees early pril For Christmas tree growers, spray with MSR Spray Concentrate or Dimethoate 7-10 days after forsythia full bloom and a second application three weeks later. nother option is an application of Talstar or Decathlon when forsythia is in full bloom and again three weeks later. In the landscape, spray with Onyx, Talstar, Tempo, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) when forsythia is in full bloom. Repeat three weeks later. pply as a soil drench in October or ovember to prevent damage the following Spring. 33

34 Southern Pine Sawyer (roundheaded borer) Trunk t least two generations per year with overlapping broods. POPR, YOW OR TUIPTR Tuliptree phid Root Collar Borer Tuliptree Scale Columbian Timber Beetle Yellow Poplar Weevil P Pale green aphids on underside of leaves; leaves become pale and fall prematurely. Burrow in trunk near base of tree. Two generations per year. Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) horticultural oil, insecticidal soap, MSR Spray Concentrate, Diazinon, rena, Malathion, Orthene, Discus, Merit, Marathon, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) ate March ate pril-early May, mid-july pril, May, June arly May, early September Twigs and stems. Sevin, Carbaryl, insecticidal soap, Orthene, horticultural oil, Diazinon, Dursban, Discus, Merit, Marathon, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Treating in May with Orthene or Merit may aid in control but a follow up treatment of the crawlers in September-early October is required for more complete control. Sapwood of trunk under bark; white dust collects at borer hole; later a sap-soaked area may develop around the hole. eaves; mine in leaves side by side. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Dursban, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Talstar, Tempo SC Ultra, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard May-June-October pril, late May-early June PRIVT Privet phid ll ew leaves curled lengthwise Merit, Marathon, Orthene, Discus, pril-may September Dursban, insecticidal soap, TriStar, horticultural oil, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Privet phid ll ew leaves curled lengthwise Merit, Marathon, Orthene, Discus, pril-may September Dursban, insecticidal soap, TriStar, horticultural oil, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora ilac Borer Trunk See under IC ilac eafminer eaves See under IC uropean Hornet Bark See under BOXWOOD Mealybugs Stems and leaves Merit, Marathon, Discus, Diazinon, pril-june Dursban, rena, Orthene, Flagship, TriStar, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, ncora Privet Rust Mite ll eaves and stems vid, horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, Savate, Forbid, kari, Kontos pril-june Two sprays made one week apart. Southern Red Mite,, & ower leaf surfaces May-June September- October Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. 34

35 White Peach Scale (an armored scale) Twobanded Japanese Weevil Pyracantha pple and Rose phids Hawthorn ace Bug Southern Red Mite San Jose Scale (an armored scale) ll,, Bark of trunk, branches, and twigs & or ornamental stone fruits, privet and lilac Roots, new leaves, shoots, inner foliage. dults notch leaves, eventually leaving only petiole. ll,, Terminal stems and leaves, & undersides of leaves ll,, Undersides of pyracantha, & cotoneaseter or hawthorn leaves ll Upper and lower leaf surfaces, leaves turn gray or brown ll Stems and leaves Webworms eaves webbed together and turn brown Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Dursban, Orthene, horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Talstar, Orthene, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard, Mainspring G Merit, Marathon, Discus, Malathion, Orthene, Dursban, rena, insecticidal soap, horticultural oil, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Meridian, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Orthene, Discus, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, Diazinon, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Decathlon, horticultural oil, Flagship, celepryn, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, Dursban, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Bt (Dipel, Javelin & others), Dursban, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Dylox, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, celepryn, Provaunt, Mainspring G RHODODDRO Black Vine Weevil Roots G, Merit, Marathon, entomopathogenic nematodes, ncora Foliage, roots. dults notch the edges of leaves. Rhododendron Borer Rhododendron Gall Midge P (Rhododendro n Tip Midge) Rhododendron ace Bug Trunk and branches Tender, new leaves Underside of leaves Orthene, Talstar, Meridian, Mavrik quaflow, Diazinon, Scimitar, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Onyx, Onyx Pro, BotaniGard 35 pril-september pril-september pril-september mid-may to October pril-may September-October Two sprays made one week apart. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pril-june ugust June-September May-September May-September Treat every three weeks until no adults are found. If adults can overwinter in container plants in polyhouses, begin treatment in March-pril. Dursban 50W, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin Mid-May and late June (stro, Perm-Up and others) soil drench with Diazinon or Dursban pril-september from late fall to early spring is directed at controlling the overwintering larvae and pupae. One or two additional soil drenches can be made in season between growth flushes in conjunction with the use of Orthene foliar sprays timed to protect each flush of new growth. Orthene, Discus, Diazinon, Tempo, pril-october Decathlon, Merit, Marathon, Dursban 50W, Tempo SC Ultra, Flagship, celepryn, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus

36 Rhododendron Stem Borer Cranberry Rootworm, The primary control is to prune out Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench and destroy wilted branches where around the base of the tree as an pril eggs have been laid in June to mid- July. Prune below the lower of two alternative to bark sprays. Rhododendron borer sprays should also help control this pest. May and July sprays. Prune in the summer. Foliage Dursban, Mainspring G May Spray at first sign of serpentine leaf feeding. Make a second spray 7-10 days later. ROS Rose Chafer Thoroughly wet foliage with a residual spray Rose Sawfly Upper and lower surface of foliage, especially on rambler rose Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro, Talstar, Mainspring G Diazinon, Malathion, Dursban, Orthene, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Talstar, Marathon, Discus, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian Thrips & Buds and flowers, base of petals Diazinon, Dimethoate, Dursban, Dylox, Conserve SC, Merit, Marathon, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus, ncora Japanese beetle Twospotted Spider Mites SPRUC Spruce Mite Hemlock riophyid Mite (Rust Mites) Hemlock Scale (an armored scale) Pine eedle Scale (an armored scale) The beetles are 3/8 inches long, metallic green with coppery wing covers Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Talstar, TriStar, Mainspring G & foliage Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, ncora C C eedles turn yellow, webbing between leaves eedles with grayish cast, feed on upper and lower needle surfaces. early black, undersides of needles; needles drop prematurely. eedles Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, zatrol C insecticide, ncora horticultural oil, Sevin, Carbaryl, vid, Dimethoate, Savate, Forbid, kari horticultural oil, Diazinon, Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Orthene, horticultural oil, Dursban, insecticidal soap, MSR spray concentrate, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos May-July May-July pril-september June, July & early ugust (spray weekly) pril-september Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pril, September-October Two sprays made one week apart. Hexagon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is mostly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. pril-may Two sprays made one week apart. pril, May, ugust pril, July-ugust when crawlers are emerging. 36

37 Pine Bark delgid Pine Spittlebug Bark of trunk, branches, and twigs horticultural oil, Diazinon, Dursban, Merit, Marathon, insecticidal soap, Discus, Flagship, Meridian, Kontos, Mainspring G Foliage (needles), need long residual Bagworm Foliage of many trees. Feed on bark and needles from mid-may through ugust. Sawflies arvae feed in groups on needles. Sawflies usually have 8 pair of fleshy prolegs that lack tiny hooks called crochets. eedles of most conifers. Ips ngraver Beetles White Pine Weevil One-eighth inch long, crown and upper trunk. Thorough coverage on terminals of orway and white spruce. Diazinon, Malathion, Orthene, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra Bt (Dipel, Javelin, and others), Malathion, Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Sevin, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Mavrik quaflow, Dylox, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, celepryn, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G Malathion, Diazinon, Dursban, Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Scimitar, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Scimitar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Meridian Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) Dursban, MSR Spray Concentrate, Dimethoate, Permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Tempo, Decathlon, Scimitar, pril-july May, July-ugust Mid-May-ugust Best control on young larvae from mid- May to mid June March-October March-September For Christmas tree growers, spray with MSR Spray Concentrate or Dimethoate 7-10 days after forsythia full bloom and a second application three weeks later. nother option is an application of Talstar or Decathlon when forsythia is in full bloom and again three weeks later. Pales Weevil Stump treatment: Pull and destroy stumps before June or treat stumps in Marchearly pril or after trees are cut and the temperature is above 50 F. Merit, Marathon sana X (Christmas tree plantings, forest tree nurseries, conifer seed orchards only, stump only), Dursban, orsban In the landscape, spray with Onyx, Talstar, Tempo, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) when forsythia is in full bloom. Repeat three weeks later. pply as a soil drench in October or ovember to prevent damage the following Spring. SWT GUM Fall Webworm Foliar treatment: The tender bark of seedling conifers and the young twigs of larger conifers can be protected by spraying in early to late pril and again in ugust. See under CHSTUT. Dursban, Onyx, Onyx Pro Terrapin Scale Twigs and stems. Sweetgum Scale (an armored scale) ll ll Pit on underside of leaf; small discolored galls occur on upper surface. Diazinon, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, June, July Dursban, Orthene, Merit, Discus, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Talus, Distance, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Orthene, TriStar, Distance, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos May-June, ugust 37

38 SYCMOR Fall Webworm See under CHSTUT. Sycamore ace Bug Underside of leaves; foliage stippled, turns white, drops prematurely. Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Discus, Marathon, Merit, Flagship, celepryn, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ltus VIBURUM Snowball phid & Foliage of Viburnum Merit, Marathon, Orthene, Dursban, ndeavor, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, Discus, rena, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, Mainspring G, ncora WUT Giant Bark See under CHSTUT. phid Fall Webworm See under CHSTUT. Walnut Caterpillar Walnut Petiole Gall Mite Butternut Gall Mite ll May, September pril-may arvae feed in colonies. Bt (Dipel, Javelin and others), Malation, May, June, ugust, September Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Sevin, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Mavrik quaflow, Dylox, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Onyx, celepryn, Scimitar, Onyx Pro, Carbaryl, Talstar, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Twigs and bark before new growth Sevin, Carbaryl, vid, kari, Kontos pril-may begins. arge, deformed, hairy growths on leaf petiole. Twigs and bark before new growth Sevin, Carbaryl, vid, kari, Kontos pril, May begins. WIOW and POPR Giant Bark See under CHSTUT. phid Cottonwood eaf Beetle Imported Willow eaf Beetle P arvae feed in groups; leaves skeletonized by young larvae. Older larvae consume entire leaf except veins. Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Talstar, Dursban, pril, May, September Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Merit, Marathon, Discus, BotaniGard, Mainspring G Twospotted Spider Mite Heavy infestation causes browning and cupping of undersides of leaves. Hexygon DF, vid, ucid, Ultiflora, horticultural oil, Savate, Forbid, Shuttle O, Shuttle 15 SC, kari 5 SC, Magus, Sanmite, insecticidal soap, BotaniGard, MSR Spray Concentrate, Floramite SC, Floramite SC/S, Kontos, TetraSan 5 WDG, Sirocco, Pre-m Ultra, racinate TM, Sultan, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, ncora May-September Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan 5 WDG in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. Hexygon DF, otavo, zatrol C insecticide, Kontos, and TetraSan 5 WDG are most effective when applied at the first sign of mite activity and egg laying. Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Hexygon should only be used once per crop cycle or once per year and since it is predominantly ovicidal/larvicidal, it should be applied prior to adult mite buildup. If adult mites are present in medium to high populations or if all life stages are present, apply Hexygon or TetraSan in combination with a registered contact adult miticide. 38

39 Willow Sawfly lm Sawfly Willow Shoot Sawfly Poplar Tentmaker Cottonwood Borer (roundheaded borer) Young larvae feed in colonies; entire leaf eaten. Feed on bark of small twigs and leaves. arvae bore in pith killing shoots. Feed on the foliage of poplar and willow. They make a protective nest out of leaves and silk. Base of trunk under bark; base of tree riddled by tunnels. Diazinon, Malathion, Talstar, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Decathlon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Orthene, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, Meridian Malathion, Diazinon, Talstar, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Decathlon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Orthene, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, Meridian, Provaunt Diazinon, Talstar, Tempo, Tempo SC Ultra, Decathlon, Conserve SC, ntrust SC, Orthene, Merit, Marathon, Discus, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Scimitar, Meridian Dursban, Othene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Bt (Dipel, Javelin and others), Malathion, Diazinon, Tempo, Decathlon, Talstar, Scimitar, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Tempo SC Ultra, celepryn, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Provaunt, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Marathon, Discus, or Merit, drench around the base of the tree as an alternative to trunk sprays. Dursban, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others) May-September May, ugust May, June May-October arly May arly June, mid-july YW siatic Garden Beetle & Foliage stripped off at night by adult, roots cut by white grub. Sevin, Orthene, Dursban, Mainspring G May-July Taxus Mealybug Bark of trunk and large branches Cottony Taxus Scale (cottony camellia scale) Taxus Weevil (Black Vine Weevil) Bark of small branches and twigs Orthene, Malathion, Sevin, Carbaryl, Diazinon, Merit, Discus, Marathon, Flagship, TriStar, Safari, Zylam iquid, rena, Talus, ria, Kontos, BotaniGard, ltus, ncora May, July Bark of twigs and branches of taxus Same as above Sevin, Carbaryl, Dursban, Tempo, Decathlon, May-June Merit, Marathon, horticultural oil, Tempo SC Ultra, Flagship, Safari, Zylam iquid, TriStar, Distance, Discus, rena, Talus, Meridian, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, Mainspring G Foliage, bark of trunk and branches, and the surfaces of ground beneath where beetles walk after emerging. dults notch the edges of leaves. Tempo, Decathlon, Diazinon, Orthene, Dursban, Talstar, Tempo SC Ultra, Mavrik quaflow, Meridian, Kontos Roots Merit, Marathon, Discus, entomopathogenic nematodes, Kontos, ncora Fletcher Scale See under RBORVIT see under RBORVIT C See under RBORVIT see under RBORVIT YUCC Termites & Roots, lower trunk Merit, Marathon, Discus (soil drench) pril May-September Treat every three weeks until no adults are found. If adults can overwinter in container plants in polyhouses begin treatments in March-pril. May-September Yucca Plant Bug, & eaves and stems Stalk Borer Tunnels in the stems, wilted plants have a hole in stem from which frass has been extruded Orthene, Sevin, Carbaryl, Decathlon, Tempo, Talstar, Onyx, Onyx Pro, Discus, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Scimitar, ria, BotaniGard, ltus Diazinon, Dursban, Talstar, Tempo, Decathlon, Tempo SC Ultra, Onyx, Onyx Pro, permethrin (stro, Perm-Up and others), Scimitar, Mainspring G, Intrepid 2F Scale C Stems and leaves Sevin, Carbaryl, Malathion, Dursban, Orthene, horticultural oil, Safari, Zylam iquid, Talus, TriStar, Distance, Discus, Fulcrum, ria, Kontos, (Meridian and Mainspring G for soft scale only) May-October May-June pril-june ugust 39

40 Table 2. Insect and Mite Control Recommendations for Flowers isted Insecticides can be easily measured and/or mixed in amounts sufficient to treat small to medium size areas Pest Insecticide Form ulations mount to use per gallon Precaution s and R em arks IMPORTD FIR TS Various baits general area treatment is best. Slow acting insecticide baits are recommended for certain ants including imported fire ants. See Commercial Turfgrass Insect Control, PB 1342 and k/2014insectcontrolhomeawn.pdf PHIDS Orthene T, T&O 75WSP Dimethoate 4 4 lb/gal C horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil) Marathon 60% WP Merit 75% WSP Tbs 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal Repeat applications are usually needed. Use Orthene with caution on Gloxinia, Philodendron and Salvia when repeated applications are needed. Dimethoate should not be applied to chrysanthemums or any other plant not on the label. Dimethoate is for commercial ornamental (nursery) use. Merit 2 lb/gal F Discus /G insecticidal soap (M-Pede) fl oz per 1000 sq ft 5 Tbs Dimethoate for use on poinsettia, roses, iris, honeysuckle, gladiolus, gardenias, gerberas, carnations, daylilies, azaleas and camellias. Marathon II RMYWORMS Conserve 1 lb/gal SC 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) Spray when insects are present or when feeding injury is first noticed. Sevin S Sevin injures Boston ivy, Virginia creeper and maidenhair ferns. BISTR BT JU BT JPS BT F BT Sevin S Scimitar GC CBBG OOPR Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt (Dipel Pro DF) Conserve 1 lb/gal SC Follow label 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) Spray when worms are 1/8 to 1/4 inch long. Mature worms 1/2 to 1 inch long are difficult to control. Hand pick and destroy to protect flowers. Tempo SC Ultra stro 3.2 C Perm-Up 3.2 C Scimitar GC 40

41 Table 2. Insect and Mite Control Recommendations for Flowers Pest Insecticide Form ulations m ou nt to use per gallon Precaution s and R em arks C F ROR Conserve 1 lb/gal SC 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) S CBBG OOPR RCCOMDTIOS FOR DDITIO ISCTICIDS COR RWORM Conserve 1 lb/gal SC 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) Sevin S Spray thoroughly and repeat as needed. Tempo SC Ultra stro 3.2 C Perm-Up 3.2 C Scimitar GC UROP COR BORR Conserve 1 lb/gal SC 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) Sevin S Spray thoroughly Tempo SC Ultra stro 3.2 C Perm-Up 3.2 C Scimitar GC IRIS BORR Dimethoate 4 4 lb/gal C pply to foliage in early spring when leaf fans are about 6 inches tall. Repeat in 10 to 14 days. Rogue infested, decaying tubers from bed and destroy. Remove leaf litter and plant debris from bed in late fall. FHOPPR Dimethoate 4 4 lb/gal C pply to foliage as needed. See precautions under aphids. Scimitar GC See label Dimethoate for use on poinsettia, iris, roses, honeysuckle, gladiolus, Marathon 60% WP gardenias, gerberas, carnations, daylilies, azaleas and camellias. Merit 75% WSP Merit 2 lb/gal F Marathon II Discus /G 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal fl oz per 1000 sq ft FMIRS Dimethoate 4 4lb/gal C Marathon 60% WP pply to foliage thoroughly - kills larvae in leaves. Only use Dimethoate on plants listed on the label. Merit 75% WSP 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal Dimethoate is for commercial ornamental (nursery) use. Merit 2 lb/gal F Marathon II fl oz per 1000 sq ft Discus /G 41

42 Table 2. Insect and Mite Control Recommendations for Flowers Pest Insecticide Form ulations m ou nt to use per gallon Precaution s and R em arks PT BUGS Sevin S pply to foliage as needed. Scimitar GC SUGS D SIS Metaldehyde + Sevin B Mesurol 75- W Follow label directions pply baits around plant bed borders in early evening. Moisten bait with a mist spray. Remove boards, plant debris and leaf litter from area to permit soil to dry and to reduce shelter for pests. SOWBUG, PIBUGS D MIIPD Sevin S Spray or dust flower beds, leaf litter, lawn areas around house and flower beds. SPIDR MITS horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil) vid 0.15 lb/gal C Tbs 0.24 tsp Spray foliage thoroughly when infestation appears. Two to three sprays made 5 days apart. Do not use horticultural oil more than once per week. Floramite 50% WP 1/3-2/3 tsp. insecticidal soap (M-Pede) Ovation SC 5 Tbs SC ISCTS horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil) Tbs Spray when infestation occurs. Spray when scale crawlers are insecticidal soap (M-Pede) 5 Tbs migrating on plants. Marathon 60% WP Marathon II Merit 75% WSP Merit 2 lb/gal F Discus /G 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal fl oz per 1000 sq ft SPITTBUGS Merit 75% WSP Merit 2 lb/gal F Discus /G 42

43 Table 2. Insect and Mite Control Recommendations for Flowers Pest Insecticide Form ulations m ou nt to use per gallon Precaution s and R em arks MYBUGS horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil) Tbs insecticidal soap (M-Pede) Orthene T, T&O 75WSP Marathon 60% WP Marathon II Merit 75% WP Merit 2 lb/gal F 5 Tbs 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal fl oz per 1000 sq ft RCISSUS BUB FIS Dylox 420 S THRIPS Mesurol 75-W Dimethoate 4 lb/gal C Spray foliage and buds when pest occurs. Repeat sprays will be needed. Only use Dimethoate on plants listed on the label. Dimethoate is for commercial (nursery) use. Conserve 1 lb/gal SC 0.06 fl oz (2 ml) Dimethoate for use on poinsettia, iris, roses, honeysuckle, gladiolus, gardenias, gerberas, carnations, daylilies, azaleas and camellias. WHITFIS Orthene T, T&O 75WSP Dibrom 8 lb/gal C 1 Tbs 2 tsp Spray underside of leaves when pests appear. Repeat when infestation occurs throughout Dimethoate 4 4 lb/gal C season. Only use Dimethoate on plants listed on the label. zatin X 3% C Dimethoate is for commercial (nursery) use. horticultural oil (Ultra-Pure Oil) Tbs insecticidal soap (M-Pede) 5 Tbs Dimethoate for use on poinsettia, iris, roses, honeysuckle, gladiolus, gardenias, gerberas, carnations, Marathon 60% WP daylilies, azaleas and camellias. Marathon II Merit 75% WSP Merit 2 lb/gal F Discus /G 0.25 tsp/2.5 gal fl oz per 1000 sq ft 43

44 Preparing Spray Pesticides are formulated as emulsifiable concentrates or wettable powders for dilution in water or as granules to be applied on or in the soil. ccurately measure the amount recommended for the volume of dilute spray you need. The concentrates may contain either one, two, three, four or seven pounds per gallon of the active insecticidal ingredient. The safety margin is reduced considerably when too much insecticide is added to the dilute spray. Injury to plants and overexposure to the home gardener frequently results from using too much insecticide. Read the label thoroughly before you mix a spray. The four most important minutes in any pest control project are the time required to read and understand the label. Overexposure to insecticides can result from oral ingestion, inhalation or absorption through the skin. The amount any one individual can tolerate without becoming ill may vary according to age, weight, sex and health. The potential toxicity is based on test results with experimental animals. The insecticides Di-Syston, Metasystox-R2 and Diazinon have a high dermal absorption potential. The oral poisoning potential for these insecticides is extremely high. Observe the caution and warning statements on all insecticide labels. Wear the prescribed protective equipment and apply the insecticides in recommended situations according to label directions. The potential toxicity is increased many times when the amount recommended for a spray application is doubled. Mixing two or more insecticides together can also greatly increase the potential toxicity of a spray. Table 3. Spray stimate Chart stimate the amount of dilute spray material required to thoroughly cover your infested plants to the point of run-off. When the spray begins to drip off, you have applied a sufficient amount. fine-mist spray will give a better, more uniform coverage to the plant. Spraying Trees or Shrubs Height of Plant (Feet) Spread of Plant Square Feet of Bark Surface Volume eeded (Gallons) Foliage Spray Dilute Spray Fine-Mist Spray /2 Bark Spray pint Borers Trunk up to and including lower limbs of scaffold pint 44

45 Table 4. Pesticide Formulations Common ame Class Brand ames Formulations acephate OP Orthene Turf, Tree & Ornamental Spray epitect acequinocyl D Shuttle 15 SC Shuttle O 75% SP 97.4% 15.8% SC 15.8% SC acetamiprid C TriStar 8.5 S 8.5% S abamectin B vid bacide % C 1.9% C azadirachtin BOT zatin O Ornazin 3% C OHP zatin X zatrol C Insecticide Treezin 4.5% 3% C 3% C 1.2% C 5% Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis XenTari GrubGone! G Gnatrol WDG 54% DF 9% W/w 37.4% WDG Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki B Dipel Pro DF 54% DF bifenazate CBZ Floramite 50% WP bifenthrin P Talstar F Talstar One Talstar ursery Onyx, Onyx Pro carbaryl Car Carbaryl Sevin 7.9% F 7.9% F 7.9% F 23.4% 80% S 4 lb/gal S chlorantraniliprole D celepryn 1.67 SC chlorpyrifos OP Chlorpyrifos 4 G 4 lb/gal C Dursban 50 W 50% WSP DuraGuard M 20% M orsban 4 (for Christmas tree plantations) 4 lb/gal C 45

46 Common ame Class Brand ames Formulations clofentezine Ovation SC 4 lb/gal SC clothianidin C rena 50 WDG 50 % WDG beta-cyfluthrin P Tempo SC Ultra 1 lb/gal SC cyfluthrin P Tempo 20 WP Decathlon 20WP 20% WP 20% WP deltamethrin P DeltaGard G 0.1% G diazinon OP D-264 4C Diazinon Insecticide 4 lb/gal C diflubenzuron IGR Dimilin 25 W 4 dicofol CH Kelthane 50% WSP dinotefuran C Safari 20 SG dimethoate OP Dimethoate 4 C, 4 4 lb/gal C misc. Volck-Saybolt reading of sec. (viscosity test 60 cc through standard opening at F.) 90-92% unsulfonated residue = Superior; 60-85% = Regular sec % oil + emulsifier esfenvalerate P sana X 0.66 lb/gal C etoxazole IGR TetraSan 5 WPG 5% WDG fenbutatin-oxide OG Promite 50 WP Meraz 50 WSP 50 WSP fenpropathrin P Tame 2.4 C 2.4 lb/gal C tau-fluvalinate P Mavrik quaflow 22.3% F hexythiazox Thia Hexygon 50% WP horticultural oil misc. Ultra - Pure Oil 99% unsulfonated residue 98.0% oil + emulsifier Horticultural oil is often made of mineral oil and detergent/emulsifier. These oils have a high content of parafinic hydrocarbons with relatively small amounts of aromatic or naphthalenic constituents. These oils are less phytotoxic than the aromatic or naphthalenic oils. 46

47 Common ame Class Brand ames Formulations imidacloprid C Merit 2 2 lb/gal F Merit 75 WP Marathon 1%Granular Marathon 60WP 75% WP 1% G 60% WSP imidacloprid plus bifenthrin C llectus SC 5.0% SC 4.0% SC imidacloprid plus cyfluthrin C P Discus 2.94% 0.70% insecticidal soap misc. M-Pede 49% a.i. Insecticidal Soap Safer Insecticidal Soap 49.52% CF 49% a.i. insecticidal soap misc. M-Pede 49% a.i. lambda-cyhalothrin P Insecticidal Soap 49.52% CF Safer Insecticidal Soap 49% a.i. Scimitar Scimitar CS Scimitar GC 10% WP 9.7% CS 9.7% GC malathion OP Malathion 57% C 50% C methiocarb CR Mesurol 75% WP naled OP Dibrom 8 mulsive 8 lb/gal C parasitic nematode B Guardian emasys H Steinernema spp. Heterorhabditis megidis permethrin P stro T & O, Pounce, mbush, Dragnet, Perm-UP 25% WP 3.2 lb/gal C phosmet OP Imidan 70% WSB propargite misc. Ornamite 30% WSB pymetrozine PYZ ndeavor 50% WDG pyrethrins BOT Pyrenone 6% Pyrethrin plus 60% PBO C spinosad spin Conserve SC 1 lb/gal SC ntrust SC 2 lb/gal SC 47

48 Common ame Class Brand ames Formulations spiromesifen tet Judo, Forbid 4F 4 lb/gal F tebufenozide IGR Confrim 2F (for Christmas trees) 2lb/gal water-based flowable thiamethoxam C Flagship 25WG 25% WG Flagship Meridian Meridian 0.22 G 25% WG 0.33 G trichlorfon OP Dylox 80 80% SP D - nthranilic diamide OP - Organophosphate P - Pyrethroid IGR - Insect Growth Regulator B - Biological agent Misc. - Miscellaneous PYZ - Pyridine azomethine OG - Organotin tet - tetronic acid derivative CH - Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Bot - Botanical Car - Carbamate C - Chloro-nicotinyl CBZ - Carbazate Spin - Spinosyn Thia - thiazolidinone Dilution Tables - a Guide to ccurate Measures Wettable Powders umber of ounces of wettable powder to use in small sprayers when amount per 100 gallons is known. 100 Gals. 10 Gals. 5 Gals. 2 Gals. 1 Gals. 0.5 lb lb lbs lbs lbs lbs

49 mulsifiable Concentrates umber of fluid ounces of emulsifiable concentrate to use in small sprayers when amount per 100 gallons is known. 100 Gals. 10 Gals. 5 Gals. 2 Gals. 1 Gal. 1 pt qt qts gal Mist Blower Quantity of emulsifiable concentrate (C) needed to make a 25X concentration If mount per 100 Gals. for a High Volume Spray is: Use This mount in a Mist Blower for: 25 Gals 10 Gals 2 Gals. 1 Gal. 1 pt pts. 2.5 pts. 8 fl. ozs. 4 fl. ozs. 1 qt qts. 5.0 pts. 1 pt. 8 fl. ozs. 2 qts gals. 5.0 qts. 1 qt. 1 pt. 1 gal gals. 2.5 gals. 2 qts. 1 qt. Table of Measures iquids 1 level tablespoonful = 3 level teaspoonfuls 1 fluid ounce = 2 tablespoonfuls = milliliters 1 cupful = 8 fluid ounces 1 pint = 2 cupfuls = 16 fluid ounces 1 quart = 2 pints = 32 ounces 1 gallon = 4 quarts = 128 fluid ounces Weights 1 ounce = 28.3 grams 1 lb. = 16 ounces = 454 grams 1 ton = 2,000 pounds 49

50 Rates to Use to Treat One cre Pounds ctual Pesticide Per Gallon of iquid Concentrate Pounds ctual of Pesticide eeded 1/4 1/2 3/ Pints of iquid Concentrate to User Per cre / Rates to Use to Treat One cre Percent Formulation of Wettable Powder Pounds ctual of Pesticide eeded 1/4 1/2 3/ Pints of iquid Concentrate to User Per cre 15% % % % % Rates to Use to Treat One cre Percent Formulation of Dust or Granules Pounds ctual of Pesticide eeded 1/4 1/2 3/ Pounds of Dust or Granules to Use Per cre 2 1/2% % % % % Small Gallonage Rates If an insecticide recommendation is given on the basis of 100 gallons of finished spray but only 1 gallon is wanted, follow this general rule to prepare that 1 gallon of spray. Dry Formulations - For each 1 pound of powder that is recommended per 100 gallons of water, use 1 level tablespoonful (Tbs) per 1 gallon of spray. iquid Formulations - For each 1 pint that is recommended per 100 gallons of water, use 1 teaspoonful (tsp) per gallon of spray. 50

51 Table 5. Information about Insecticides/Miticides Revised 3/15 Pesticide (Common Chemical ame) Trade ame(s) Classification Oral D 50 Dermal D 50 (mg/kg) 2 (mg/kg) 2 Manufacturer abamectin vid microbial toxins 650 >2000 Syngenta acephate Orthene organophosphate ,250 Valent, Ortho acequinocyl Shuttle O apthoquinone derivatives > 2,000 (bobwhite quail) >2,000 (rats) OHP actetamiprid TriStar chloronicotinyl 1,064 >2000 Cleary azadiractin (=neem, azatin) Bioneem, zatin X botanical 4,242 >2000 Safer, OHP Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Dipel, and possibly others spores + crystalline delta-endotoxin, microbial none none Valent, Syngenta bifenazate Floramite carbazate Chemtura Corp. bifenthrin Talstar, Onyx pyrethroid 375 >2000 FMC buprofezin Talus insect growth regulator (inhibit chitin biosynthesis - type 1) >5,000 (rat) >2,000 (rat) SePro carbaryl Carbaryl, Sevin carbamate 246 >4000 Bayer, Drexel chlorantraniliprole celepryn anthranilic diamide >5,000 (rat) >5,000 (rat) DuPont chloryrifos Dursban, orsban organophosphate Dow grosciences cryolite Kryocide inorganic fluroine practically nontoxic tochem cyfluthrin Decathlon, Tempo pyrethroid 826 >2000 Dow grosciences deltamethrin DeltaGard G pyrethroid to >5,000 >2000 ventis diazinon Diazinon, Spectracide organophosphate Drexel, Syngenta dicrotophos IJCT--CID B organophosphate DuPont, Mauget diflubenzuron Dimilin insect growth regulator >4640 >10,000 Chemtura Corp. dimethoate Dimethoate organophosphate 235 >400 Platte, oveland dinotefuran Safari chloronicotinyl >2000 >2000 Valent esfenvalerate sana X pyrethroid 458 >2000 DuPont etoxazole TetraSan 5DG insect growth regulator 4,500 (male rat) 2,600 (female rat) >5,000 Valent fenetrothion Pestroy organophosphate PBI-Gordon 51

52 Pesticide (Common Chemical ame) Trade ame(s) Classification Oral D 50 Dermal D 50 (mg/kg) 2 (mg/kg) 2 Manufacturer fenpyroximate kari 5SC Mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (MTI) 810 (male rat) 600 (female rat) 2 (rat) SePro fluvalinate Mavrik quaflow pyrethroid ,000 Syngenta hexythiazox Hexygon carboxamide 5,000 >5,000 Gowan imidacloprid Marathon, Merit chloronicotinyl 2591 >2000 Bayer, OHP imadacloprid plus cyfluthrin Discus /G chloronicotinyl plus pyrethroid >5,000 >5,030 OHP lambda-cyhalothrin Scimitar pyrethroid Syngenta malathion Cythion, Malathion organophosphate Setre, Drexel, UP metaldehyde Bug-Geta, Deadline, Slug-Geta metacetaldehyde Valent methiocarb Mesurol carbamate 20 >5000 Gowan naled Dibrom organophosphate Valent oxydemeton-methyl Harpoon, MSR Spray Concentrate organophosphate Gowan permethrin petroleum oils mbush, Pounce, stro, Perm-Up Dormant, Summer, Superior Oils, etc. pyrethroid 4000 >4000 FMC, Syngenta, United Phosphorus hydrocarbon oils exempt numerous phosmet Imidan organophosphate 147 >4640 Gowan, Florida Silvics, Inc. propargite Ornamite sulfite ester Chemtura Corp. pyrethrum Pyrethrin, Pyrellin, Pyrenone, etc. botanical Fairfield, Prentiss, etc. rotenone, cube= Prentox, Rotenone botanical Fairfield, Prentiss spinosad Conserve SC, ntrust 2 SC spinosyn > Dow gro Sciences soaps, pesticidal phid-mite ttack, Insecticidal Soap, M-Pede, etc. Fatty acid salts practically nontoxic Mycogen, Ringer tebufenozide Confirm 2F, Mimic 2V insect growth regulator (benzoic acid hydrazide) > Dow grosciences thiamethoxam Flagship, Meridian neonicotinoid >5000 >2000 Syngenta trichlorfon Dylox organophosphate 250 >2100 Bayer spiromesifen Judo, Forbid Tetronic acid derrivatives >2000 >2000 Bayer, OHP 1 Farm Chemicals Handbook '93 (Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, OH), and technical data information where available. 2 quals milligrams per kilogram of body weight applied orally or dermally. (1 milligram = 1/1,000 of a gram, 454 grams = 1 lb.) 52

53 PRODUCTS ISTD I TBS D TYP OF RGISTRTIO \a celepryn kari 5 SC llectus SC rena 0.25 G sana X (H) vid (*) Bioneem "Bt" (kurstaki) Bug-Geta Carbaryl 5D Carbaryl 10D Carbaryl 4 Carbaryl 50WP (*) Chlorpyrifos Pro 4 (@) Chlorpyrifos Pro 2 (@) Conserve 1 SC Cythion 5C Cythion 8C Deadline Bullets Deadline Granules Decathlon 20% WP (*) DeltaGard G (&) Dendrex Diazinon 50W (*) Diazinon 2 Diazinon 4 & G500 (*) Discus (*) Dicofol 4C Dibrom 8 mulsive Dimethoate 400 Dimilin 4 (H) Dimilin 25W (H) Dursban Pro (H) Dursban 50W (H) Dursban TP (@) Dylox 420 S(*) ntrust 2SC Flagship 25WG Floramite Forbid 4F Furadan 4F (H) Guthion 2S (H) Harpoon (H) Hexygon 50-WP (*) Imidan 70-WSB (*) Inject--Cide (H) Inject--Cide B (H) Judo 4F Kelthane 50 WSP (*) Kryocide 96% WP orsban 4 Malathion 50 Malathion 57 Marathon 1% Granular Marathon 60 WP Mavrik quaflow Meridian 25 WG Merit 75WP Merit 2 Merit 0.5G Mesurol 75% WP MSR Spray Concentrate (H) Oils Onyx (&) Onyx Pro (H) Ornamite Orthene 75% SP Orthene 9.4%C Ovation SC Pestroy 4C Pounce 3.2C (H) Pounce 25WP (H) Pyrethrin (+PBO) Resmethrin C26 Rotenone + Pyrethrin Rockland Shade Tree Insect Spray Scimitar WP (*) Sevin iquid 2F Sevin 50W Sevin 5 Dust Shuttle O Slug-Geta Soaps (insecticidal) Spectracide 25% C Steinernema spp.-entomopathogenic nematodes Talstar T&O (*) Talstar 10WP (*) Talus 40SC Tempo 2 Tempo 20WP TetraSan 5WDG Thiodan 50WP (*) Thiodan 3C (*) TriStar 30 SG \ a Products without symbols are general use products. Products with (*) are designated on labels as "Commercial or gricultural Use Only" Products with (H) are designated on labels as "Restricted Use Pesticide" Products with (#) are designated on labels as for use by individuals/firms licensed or registered by state to apply termiticide products. Products with (@) are to be applied only by or under the direct supervision of trained applicators responsible for insect control programs. Products with (&) are for sale to, use and storage by commercial applicators only. Products with (%) are intended for use by commercial applicators only. 53

54 Disclaimer This publication contains pesticide recommendations that are subject to change at any time. The recommendations in this publication are provided only as a guide. It is always the pesticide applicator's responsibility, by law, to read and follow all current label directions for the specific pesticide being used. The label always takes precedence over the recommendations found in this publication. Use of trade or brand names in this publication is for clarity and information; it does not imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may be of similar, suitable composition, nor does it guarantee or warrant the standard of the product. The author(s), the University of Tennessee Institute of griculture and University of Tennessee xtension assume no liability resulting from the use of these recommendations. G.TSS.DU PB 1589 (Rev. 07/18) Programs in agriculture and natural resources, 4-H youth development, family and consumer sciences, and resource development. University of Tennessee Institute of griculture, U.S. Department of griculture and county governments cooperating. UT xtension provides equal opportunities in programs and employment.