Flatwoods Citrus Best Management Practice: Soil Stabilization 1
|
|
- Lilian Gilmore
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SL195 Flatwoods Citrus Best Management Practice: Soil Stabilization 1 P. Chris Wilson, Liberta Scotto, Brian Boman, and Tim Gaver 2 Introduction This best management practice describes stabilization practices for erosion-prone soils within flatwoods citrus groves. Much of this information was taken from USDA- NRCS Code 342 and Chapter 13 of the Florida Agronomy Field Handbook. These sources should be consulted for more information. Significant amounts of soil may be deposited in drainage ditches and canals because of the erosion of grove soils. These deposited soils reduce the cross-sectional area for the canal/ditch, thus reducing the capacity for holding and transporting water. In addition, very small soil fractions may be suspended in discharge water for significant amounts of time, ultimately settling out in slower flowing reaches or estuaries. Deposition in these slower flowing areas may destroy submerged aquatic habitats, resulting in the loss of fish, invertebrate, and plant species important for healthy ecosystems. Soil Stabilization Practices A variety of vegetative and non-vegetative slope stabilization methods are available. The following factors should be considered when choosing the soil stabilization methods for your particular situation: 1. Potential for damage due to erosion if soils are not stabilized (i.e., pump damage, downstream habitat damage, costs for repair, etc.); Figure 1. Coarse sediments removed from an agricultural canal. These sediments settled over several decades. Fine particle fractions likely deposited in the St. Lucie estuary, where water velocities are low. 2. Velocity of the water flow or wave action; 3. Steepness of the ditch bank side slopes; 4. Accessibility and practicality for maintaining vegetation at the site; 1. This document is SL195, one of a series of the Soil and Water Science Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date March Revised April 2012 and August Reviewed August Visit the EDIS website at 2. P. Chris Wilson, professor, Department of Soil and Water Science; Liberta Scotto (retired); Brian Boman, professor, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Indian River Research and Education Center; Tim Gaver, Indian River Research and Education Center; UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. For more information on obtaining other UF/IFAS Extension publications, contact your county s UF/IFAS Extension office. U.S. Department of Agriculture, UF/IFAS Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A & M University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Nick T. Place, dean for UF/IFAS Extension.
2 5. Costs for installation and maintenance. Stabilization with plant ground covers is generally the least expensive method but is only suitable for areas that are not subjected to high flow velocities or turbulence. More expensive, rigid materials are needed in areas subjected to high flow velocities or turbulence. Stabilization Using Plants Areas to be planted should be relatively flat (0 to 3:1 slope) if conventional equipment is used for planting and maintenance. When stabilizing erosion-prone areas using vegetation, only species that are adapted to the area where the grove is located should be used. Bare soil surfaces (except directly underneath the tree canopy and tracks within road beds) should be established with appropriate plant species. The vegetation-free herbicide band underneath the tree canopy should not extend beyond the outer edge of the tree canopy. Generally, grassy species should be selected. These species generally have widely branching, dense root masses that hold soil in place. In contrast, broad-leaved plant species generally have fewer roots and do not stabilize soils as well. species may be available and installation delays may result in substantial erosion. 2. The newly planted site will be especially vulnerable to erosion until the plants have become established. Temporary stabilization barriers should be used as needed to prevent erosion during plant establishment. These barriers may include hay bales, erosion control blankets, temporary seeding, nurse crops, and erosion-control netting. 3. When the establishment site is located adjacent to water bodies (i.e., drainage ditches, canals, streams, etc.), measures should be taken to minimize movement of soil into them. 4. Apply lime and fertilizers to the planted areas as needed for plant establishment, according to a soil test. 5. A suitable seedbed should be prepared, disturbing only the minimum area necessary to do the work. 6. If compacted fill is needed before planting, add fill in sixinch layers. Compact each layer by tamping or watering before the next layer is added. Selection of Plants for Use in Stabilization Table 1 on page 3 lists several species that are recommended by the USDA-NRCS (Code 342) for South Florida conditions. When evaluating the possibility of using plant species other than those listed in Table 1, several characteristics should be considered. Plants should: 1. be suited to the soil, site, and climate; 2. be perennial; Figure 2. Well-maintained vegetation on ditch side-banks. Maintenance of plant ground covers may be difficult and potentially dangerous in areas with very poor or sandy soils, or unstable or very steep side-banks having a high potential for rollover of tractors and other equipment. Areas such as these may be better stabilized with durable synthetic or natural materials that require little maintenance. Considerations for Vegetation Establishment 1. Coordinate with plant suppliers before preparing areas to be planted. Depending on the species and season, not all 3. not have the potential to spread rapidly outside the planted area; 4. have relatively low fertility and low maintenance requirements. Seeded Vegetation When establishing vegetation by seeding, adequate moisture for germination is needed from irrigation or natural precipitation. Seeding without irrigation requires precise timing to avoid normally dry periods of the year. The NRCS recommends that plants be seeded at least six weeks before the dry seasons begin. For South Florida, recommended dates for planting are 1/15-2/28 and 6/1-9/15 (Code 342). Consider the following when selecting seed: 2
3 Table 1. Selected species adapted for growth in South Florida. Taken directly from USDA-NRCS Florida Agronomy Field Handbook, Chapter 13. See reference for other species. Recommended Plants Scarified Bahiagrass (Pensacola, Argentine) Scarified Bahiagrass + Hulled Common Bermudagrass Hulled Common Bermudagrass Common Centipedegrass Common Lovegrass Common Lovegrass + Common Bermudagrass Switchgrass (Alamo) Coastal Panicgrass Maidencane (Halifax) Limpograss (Bigalta, Floralta, Greenalt, Redalta) Comments Slow to establish. Should be used in combination with faster-growing species in areas where rapid coverage is needed. Bermudagrass provides rapid germination and coverage, while the bahiagrass is deeper rooted, providing more stabilization. Germinates rapidly, low-growing, drought tolerant, low nutrient requirements. Germinates rapidly, low-growing drought-tolerant grass with low nutrient requirements. Seed is expensive. Bunchgrass well adapted to excessively drained soils. Not a good species to use in waterways alone. Mixture of bunchgrass and stoloniferous grass capable of stabilizing waterways on excessively drained soils. Perennial tall grass adapted to a wide range of soils and drainage conditions. Also a herbicide-tolerant waterway lining. Can only be mowed to 8-12 inches. Perennial tall grass for well and excessively drained soils. Must be drilled 1 inch deep. Perennial rhizomatous grass adapted primarily to poorly drained soils. Best suited to waterway lining and shoreline protection. Perennial stoloniferous grass adapted primarily to poorly drained soils. 1. Do not use seed containing prohibited or restricted noxious weeds. 2. All seeds should meet Florida Seed Law requirements. Information on seed regulations can be found on the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Agriculture and Environmental Services website, located at PROTECTION OF SEEDLINGS In some cases, it is necessary to protect young seedlings that are slower growing by planting a nurse crop and/or providing mulch. With nurse crops, the permanent grass seed is mixed with seed of a faster growing annual species. Establishment of the annual species is rapid, thus protecting soil from erosion in the short term, while the slower growing perennial species develops. The perennial species should be fully established by the time the annual species dies. If this is not the case, more seed/propagules should be applied to the area. Examples of nurse crops planted between September and February include: oats, rye, wheat, and ryegrass. Suitable nurse crop species planted between March and August include: brown top millet, pearl millet, Japanese millet (only species adapted for growth in poorly drained soil), and Dove Proso millet. Consult NRCS Code 342 and the Florida Agronomy Field Handbook for more information on application rates and recommended seed specifications. Use of mulches, either alone or for seedling protection, is described in a later section. Vegetative Propagules Establishment of plant ground covers using seed may not always be desirable or possible. Grove situations where high erosion potential exists demand rapid development of the ground cover. Some ground cover species can only be established using vegetative propagules because they do not propagate well from seed. Vegetative propagules include stolons, sprigs, and rhizomes. Some areas with high erosion potential may require sod squares or rolls for rapid establishment. Consider the following when establishing by vegetative means: 1. Use only fresh, moist planting materials. Materials that are not fresh or that have dried out are much less likely to survive. 2. Plant material (rhizomes, stolons, crowns, etc.) should be spread over the prepared area uniformly. They should then be lightly disked into the top 1-2 inches using a cultipacker or other type of roller. Plugs should be planted using a transplanter or using hand-planting tools. 3. Sprigs should be dug from vigorous stands of plant material. They should be planted when actively growing and adequate moisture is available. NRCS recommended planting dates for South Florida are 6/1 through 9/15 (NRCS Code 342). 3
4 4. Rhizomes must be planted when they are dormant. Heavy mortality will result if the rhizomes are planted after breaking dormancy because of a lack of root reserves. Vegetation Maintenance Considerations Maintenance considerations are important when using plants for soil stabilization. Since most vegetative species will require mowing at some time, areas should be accessible for mowing equipment. Mowing of vegetation on steep slopes requires specialized equipment to lessen the danger of equipment rollover and operator injury. When using herbicides for selective vegetation management, only use those materials that will not harm the soil-stabilizing species. If this is not possible, do not apply the herbicides during the rainy season when erosion potential is greatest. Always consult herbicide labels for species tolerance and use guidelines. Stabilization Using Mulch-Like Materials A variety of non-vegetative erosion control materials are available for slope stabilization. Many of these materials may be used in combination with plant materials. These erosion control materials range from dry straw or hay to wood cellulose fiber mulches and a variety of erosioncontrol blankets. Other solid materials may also be used. These are considered in the following sections. Dry Straw or Hay Dry straw and/or hay provides temporary protection from erosion and is usually used in conjunction with planted materials. These materials should be spread evenly over the area at a rate of pounds per 1,000 square feet so that over 75% of the ground surface is covered (Code 342). These materials are best suited for relatively flat areas. Intact bales of hay or straw should be placed across bare land areas/actively eroding areas where runoff water is channeled to intercept sediment loads. Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch This method of soil stabilization is often referred to as hydro-seeding. Cellulose fibers (typically from recycled newspapers) are mixed with grass seed, fertilizer, and water with this method. The resulting slurry is then sprayed onto ground surfaces using hydraulic seeding equipment. This material has the added advantage that it is self-anchoring because of the wood cellulose fiber mulch and is suitable for steeper slopes. Liquid fertilizers, limestone suspensions, germination enhancers, moisture retention agents, mulch-binder agents, and a variety of other additives can be applied simultaneously to enhance germination and establishment of the grass. Large areas can be planted in a relatively short period of time using this method. Jute Matting Jute matting provides temporary protection from erosion and should be used in conjunction with vegetation establishment from seed. This material is an open mesh, woven, heavy jute twine that has the strength to withstand water flow. It degrades naturally in the environment. Consult matting manufacturers for specific planting instructions. According to the USDA-NRCS, half of the seed may be sown before the matting is laid. The other half may then be applied after the matting is laid. The matting is held in place using staples, placed at 5-6 foot intervals on the edges and down the center of each roll. The manufacturer of the matting should also supply the appropriate staples. The outer edges should be stapled sufficiently to prevent wind or water from lifting the matting. Bonded Fiber Blanket Bonded fiber blankets are longer lived materials, relative to jute matting. Bonded fiber blankets also provide temporary protection from erosion and are used in conjunction with plant establishment. These materials are available in a variety of forms. They typically consist of a plastic mesh netting laminated to one side of a mulch blanket, or woven through the mulch blanket. Straw and coconut fiber are the most common mulches commercially offered. Specific blankets are commercially available that are suitable for use on irrigation/drainage ditch and canal side banks, as well as on other steep, erosion-prone slopes. Consult the manufacturer s representative for advice on the appropriate material for specific applications. Materials will vary depending on side-bank slopes and water flow velocities. These blankets are usually unrolled and stapled over a prepared and seeded surface. Follow manufacturer recommendations for installation. Solid Re-enforcement Materials Solid re-enforcement materials are often needed in areas subject to very high water velocities and on very steep slopes. These materials are more permanent than the other methods, and may or may not be used in conjunction with vegetation. These materials (Figures 3-6) can range from poured concrete to rip-rap, broken concrete blocks/materials, bricks, gabions, or other solid materials. If very coarse materials (such as crushed concrete) are used in areas subject to high flow velocities, a relatively impermeable 4
5 material (i.e., woven landscape fabric, rubber pond/roofing liner, etc.) should be placed underneath to prevent erosion of the underlying soil. Care should be taken when working around such stabilization materials since they may create desirable habitat for a variety of snakes, insects, and other types of wildlife. Figure 5. Canal bank stabilization in a high velocity area using a hardened synthetic ground covering. Figure 3. Ditch side-bank stabilization using broken concrete refuse. Figure 6. Use of gabions for stabilization of a canal side-bank. While expensive, these materials effectively prevent erosion in canal/ditch areas subject to high flow velocities. Credits: BJB Contact local NRCS Office. ( Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs143_ pdf) USDA/NRCS. Florida Agronomy Field Handbook, Chapter 13, Critical Area Planting, Code 342, 190-FLAGRFH. 12 pages. Figure 4. Stabilization of a grove crossing with concrete wall structures. Yarlett, L.L Common Grasses of Florida and the Southeast. The Florida Native Plant Society, Spring Hill, FL. 168 pages. References Code 342. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Conservation Practice Standard - Critical Area Planting. 5
Town of Essex Small Site Erosion Control Guide
Town of Essex Small Site Erosion Control Guide Why do we need to protect against erosion? Water Quality: Erosion and the transport of sediment and pollutants impacts the water quality of nearby streams
More informationPERMANENT SEEDING. Overview of Sedimentation and Erosion Control Practices. Practice no. 6.11
Overview of Sedimentation and Erosion Control Practices Practice no. 6.11 PERMANENT SEEDING Permanent vegetation controls erosion by physically protecting a bare soil surface from raindrop impact, flowing
More informationEROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL
EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL Surface Water Protection During Well Site Construction Kelly Kees, PE WVDEP, Office of Oil and Gas SEDIMENT & EROSION CONTROL PLANS Per West Virginia State Code 22-6-6(d) 22-6A-7(c),
More informationBowling Green, Kentucky Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) Erosion Prevention Practices (EPPs) Activity: Nets and Mats (N and M)
Bowling Green, Kentucky Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) Erosion Prevention Practices (EPPs) Activity: Nets and Mats (N and M) EPP-11 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS: Design Life: 1 yr Acreage Needed:
More informationEROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL
EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL 1 EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL Effective Soil & Water Protection Whether you want to prevent soil erosion caused by rain, water and wind, or protect waterways from inevitable build
More informationPart IV(a): BMPs for Erosion, Sediment, Velocity Control
Part IV(a): BMPs for Erosion, Sediment, Velocity Control Find Design Standards and Specifications for Iowa Erosion and Sediment Control Practices at: www.iowasudas.org Erosion Control Keeping the soil
More informationITEM 164 SEEDING AND EROSION CONTROL BLANKET
AFTER NOVEMBER 1, 2008 ITEM 164 SEEDING AND EROSION CONTROL BLANKET 164.1 Description. This Item shall govern for preparing the ground, sowing of seeds, application of a fertilizer, and stabilization with
More informationBanking on Natural Fibers Products made from coir and jute play a key role in stabilizing a restored stream for a commercial stream mitigation bank.
Banking on Natural Fibers Products made from coir and jute play a key role in stabilizing a restored stream for a commercial stream mitigation bank. By Greg Northcutt When White Creek Mitigation, LLC,
More informationSouthern Belle and Cherokee Red Clover in Florida 1
SS-AGR-40 Southern Belle and Cherokee Red Clover in Florida 1 K. H. Quesenberry and A. R. Blount 2 Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a high-quality forage legume that can be grazed in late winter and
More informationOpen-Field Soilless Culture of Vegetables 1
SL 291 1 George J. Hochmuth and Robert C. Hochmuth 2 The Need for Alternative Crop Production s Commercial vegetable production is very expensive involving many costly inputs. One of these inputs is suitable
More information23.0 Green Roof STORMWATER MANAGEMENT SUITABILITY KEY CONSIDERATIONS
23.0 Structural Stormwater Control Description: A green roof uses a small amount of substrate over an impermeable membrane to support a covering of plants. The green roof slows down runoff from the otherwise
More informationREFERENCE DRAWINGS FOR 332 W. MAIN STREET ROCK HILL, SOUTH CAROLINA
REFERENCE DRAWINGS FOR REET ROCK HILL, SOUTH CAROLINA COVER SHEET 1 OF 6 GENERAL NOTES 2 OF 6 REMOVE WIRE AND NYLON TWINE FROM BALL AND CANOPY. SOAK ROOT BALL AND PLANT PIT IMMEDIATELY AFTER INSTALLATION.
More informationLAWNS Chapter 12. Topic Outline. Establishing a Lawn. Establishing a Lawn
LAWNS Chapter 12 Presented By: Melanie W. Barrow, ANR Horticulture Extension Agent For: Master Gardener Training Topic Outline Establishing a Lawn Renovating an Old Lawn Lawn Maintenance Annual Maintenance
More informationSECTION LANDSCAPING
SECTION 02900 LANDSCAPING 1.01 General: The contractor shall be responsible for providing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, topsoil, fertilizer, lime and seed necessary for restoration and stabilization
More informationA DIVISION OF L & M SUPPLY EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS, WATTLES AND LOGS
A DIVISION OF L & M SUPPLY EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS, WATTLES AND LOGS S SERVICE QUALITY INTEGRITY ABOUT U.S. EROSION CONTROL PRODUCTS U.S. EROSION CONTROL PRODUCTS was founded on the basis of bringing
More informationTraining and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1
HS1111 Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1 J. Ferguson 2 Fruit from Florida s early maturing peach, nectarine Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, and Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina
More informationChapter 11 Site Rehabilitation and Stabilization
Chapter 11 Site Rehabilitation and Stabilization Chapter 11 Layout: Part 1 - Page 131 Planning Site Rehab Part 2 - Page 132 Controlling Runoff and Capturing Sediment Part 3 - Page 133 Rehab for Crossings
More informationLAWN RENOVATION & OVERSEEDING
LAWN RENOVATION & OVERSEEDING A healthy established lawn is able to out-compete many weeds and withstand a certain amount of pressure from disease and insect attack as well as drought. You can help maintain
More informationAlternative Names: Erosion Control Matting, Erosion Control Netting, Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP)
4.5-s EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYSTEM Alternative Names: Erosion Control Matting, Erosion Control Netting, Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) DESCRIPTION Erosion control blanket systems are woven or
More informationAddendum No. 2 for Drainage Improvements For Nueces River Fishing Area
Project No. 15-015K September 20, 2016 TO ALL POTENTIAL BIDDERS Subject: Addendum No. 2 for Drainage Improvements For Nueces River Fishing Area Ladies/Gentlemen: This addendum is considered part of the
More informationWhat Is Water Erosion?
What Is Water Erosion? Soil particles displaced by the action of wind or water Tina R. Evans, PE, CISEC HydroDynamics Incorporated Parker, CO 303-841-0377 Section 5.2.1.1. Deadline to Initiate Stabilization
More informationSECTION VI. (Sub-section 241) Grassing. 1. Scope of Work General Sprigging Sodding thru 241-3
SECTION VI (Sub-section 241) Grassing Article Page 1. Scope of Work 241-1 2. General 241-1 3. Sprigging 241-1 4. Sodding 241-1 thru 241-3 5. Soil Amendments 241-3 6. Non Grassed Areas 241-4 7. Topsoil
More informationVegetation. Fe=0.90 (When fully established; lower while vegetation is first growing)
2.9 Erosion Control Description:, used as an erosion control, is the sowing or sodding of grasses, small grains, or legumes to provide temporary and final vegetative stabilization for disturbed areas.
More informationTraining and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums1
HS1111 Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums1 Ali Sarkhosh and James Ferguson2 Fruit from Florida s early maturing peach, nectarine, and Japanese plum cultivars mature in April and
More informationSECTION TURF AND GRASSES
SECTION 32 92 00 TURF AND GRASSES PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 DESCRIPTION Restore all disturbed grass and landscaped areas to conditions equal to or better than before the work began and to the satisfaction of
More informationUrban Conservation Practice Physical Effects ESTABLISHMENT, GROWTH, AND HARVEST NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
NOT WELL 800 - Urban Stormwater Wetlands A constructed system of shallow pools that create growing conditions for wetland plants to lessen the impacts of stormwater quality and quantity in urban areas.
More informationMaintaining a Healthy Lawn
Avg. high temperature ( F) Maintaining a Healthy Lawn in Western Oregon A.M. VanDerZanden and T. Cook EC 1521 Reprinted February 2001 $1.50 The typical home lawn is an evolving ecosystem that gets more
More informationApplications of Coir Fibre Products in Environmental Erosion & Sediment Control and Restoration
Applications of Coir Fibre Products in Environmental Erosion & Sediment Control and Restoration Calista R. Santha, Ph.D. Lanka Santha, P.E. RoLanka International, Inc. Stockbridge, GA, USA Coir Fibre Abundant,
More informationPruning Blueberry Plants in Florida 1
HS985 Pruning Blueberry Plants in Florida 1 J.G. Williamson, F.S. Davies, P.M. Lyrene 2 Pruning has long been recognized as a beneficial cultural practice in blueberry growing. Skillful pruning requires
More informationBiotechnical streambank stabilization
Traditional streambank stabilization Biotechnical streambank stabilization Channelization alters: shape pattern slope bed morphology cover Ecological effects: loss of riparian habitat loss of fish habitat
More informationBMP-33. Stabilizing fine-graded disturbed areas by establishing permanent grass stands with sod.
BMP-33 BMP: SODDING Definition Stabilizing fine-graded disturbed areas by establishing permanent grass stands with sod. PurDoses 1. To establish permanent turf immediately. 2. To prevent erosion and damage
More informationLow Gradient Velocity Control Short Term Steep Gradient [1] Channel Lining Medium-Long Term Outlet Control Soil Treatment Permanent
Grass Linings DRAINAGE CONTROL TECHNIQUE Low Gradient Velocity Control Short Term Steep Gradient [1] Channel Lining Medium-Long Term Outlet Control Soil Treatment Permanent [1] May be used on short, steep
More informationTraining and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1
HS1111 Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1 J. Ferguson 2 Fruit from Florida's early maturing peach, nectarine Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), and Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus
More informationPOST-FIRE RESTORATION Dos and Don ts
POST-FIRE RESTORATION Dos and Don ts USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service The NRCS/RCD office is located at: 744 LA GUARDIA ST BLDG A SALINAS, CA 93905-3354 (831) 424-1036 (NRCS) (831) 424-1036
More informationTraining and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1
HS1111 Training and Pruning Florida Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums 1 J. Ferguson 2 Fruit from Florida's early maturing peach, nectarine Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), and Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus
More informationManagement of Microsprinkler Systems for Florida Citrus 1
HS958 Management of Microsprinkler Systems for Florida Citrus 1 L. R. Parsons and K. T. Morgan 2 Irrigation is an essential part of the Florida citrus production system. In one study, irrigation increased
More informationCoir Block System (fabric attached coir block) add New Dimension to Streambank Stabilization Projects
Coir Block System (fabric attached coir block) add New Dimension to Streambank Stabilization Projects Using geotextiles to confine soil in lifts between layers of live plants has become an increasingly
More informationSECTION VEGETATIVE EROSION CONTROL. A. This section addresses permanent and temporary vegetation and cover crops.
SECTION 02377 VEGETATIVE EROSION CONTROL PART 1 GENERAL 1.01 SUMMARY A. This section addresses permanent and temporary vegetation and cover crops. B. Related Work Specified Elsewhere: 1. Section 01210,
More informationSome Practical Matters Related to Riviera Soil, Depth to Clay, Water Table, Soil Organic Matter, and Swingle Citrumelo Root Systems 1
HS894 Some Practical Matters Related to Riviera Soil, Depth to Clay, Water Table, Soil Organic Matter, and Swingle Citrumelo Root Systems 1 Bill Castle, Mace Bauer, Brian Boman and Tom Obreza 2 A topographical
More informationCALIFORNIA NATIVE GRASSES ON LEVEES
CALIFORNIA NATIVE GRASSES ON LEVEES A Multi-Benefit Solution September 7, 2017 Vance Howard Sr. Restoration Ecologist GEI Consultants ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Co-authors Peter Buck Former Natural Resources Director
More information5.0 Storm Water Landscape Guidance Introduction
5.0 Storm Water Landscape Guidance Introduction Landscaping is a critical element to improve both the function and appearance of storm water management practices. Integrated storm water landscapes can
More informationErosion Control for Home Builders in the. City of Jacksonville
Erosion Control for Home Builders in the City of Jacksonville Eroding construction sites are a leading cause of water quality problems in Jacksonville. For every acre under construction, about a dump truck
More informationWhy Control and Prevent Erosion?
Mark Risse, Rills are often obvious on steep or unprotected banks. Development of soil crust reduces infiltration, causing more runoff and erosion. This rill could easily turn into a gully if erosion is
More informationHOME & GARDEN INFORMATION CENTER
http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic HGIC 1203 1-888-656-9988 HOME & GARDEN INFORMATION CENTER Lawn Establishment There are four aspects of turfgrass establishment: selecting a turfgrass that is adapted
More informationVEGETATED SLOPE STABILIZATION DESCRIPTION APPLICABILITY. Advantages
4.2-d VEGETATED SLOPE STABILIZATION Alternative Names: Willow Wattles, Live Bundles, Fascines, Live Staking, Joint Planting, Branch Packing, Brush Layering, and Brush Matting DESCRIPTION Vegetated slope
More informationSoil Health Practices in the Landscape
Soil Health Practices in the Landscape Salvatore Mangiafico Rutgers Cooperative Extension Environmental and Resource Management Agent In this session... Benefits of healthy soils in the landscape Plant
More informationCHARLES SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT PLAN SUBMITTAL GUIDELINES
CHARLES SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT PLAN SUBMITTAL GUIDELINES CharlesSCD.com January 2013 1 SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL APPROVAL 2 CHARLES SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT TRANSMITTAL LETTER TO: CHARLES SOIL
More informationFertilization and Irrigation Needs for Florida Lawns and Landscapes 1
ENH860 Fertilization and Irrigation Needs for Florida Lawns and Landscapes 1 L.E. Trenholm, E.F. Gilman, G. Denny and J. Bryan Unruh 2 Many Floridians take pride in having a well maintained lawn and landscape
More informationSprigging Bermudagrass
www.stma.org Sprigging Bermudagrass Bermudagrass is a warm season turfgrass commonly used for athletic field surfaces in warmer climates and the transition zone. When deciding which cultivar of bermudagrass
More informationNORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PROJECT NAME JOB # ISSUED: 03/29/2017
SECTION 32 9200 TURF AND NATIVE/ADAPTIVE PLANTINGS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division
More informationHomeowners Guide to Stormwater BMP Maintenance
Homeowners Guide to Stormwater BMP Maintenance What You Need to Know to Take Care of Your Property Rain Barrel Dry Well Rain Garden Pervious Asphalt Porous Pavers City of El Monte Stormwater BMP Management
More informationArkansas Agronomy Technical Note 1 Conservation Practice Seeding Recommendations February 1, 2014
Arkansas Agronomy Technical Note 1 Conservation Practice Seeding Recommendations February 1, 2014 Introduction This technical note may be used to develop site specific recommendations for Arkansas NRCS
More informationUsing the Irrigation Controller for a Better Lawn on Less Water 1
ENH978 Using the Irrigation Controller for a Better Lawn on Less Water 1 Jack Tichenor, Michael D. Dukes, and L.E. Trenholm 2 Introduction Would you like to have an attractive, healthy lawn that uses less
More informationCOIR GEOTEXTILES. Er. Sheela Mary Cherian, M.Tech, Assistant Executive Engineer. Woven coir netting / Mesh matting used as geotextiles
COIR GEOTEXTILES Er. Sheela Mary Cherian, M.Tech, Assistant Executive Engineer. Coir is a biodegradable organic fibre material which is coarse, rigid and strong. The constituents of coir have been found
More informationSmart Irrigation Controllers: Programming Guidelines for Evapotranspiration-Based Irrigation Controllers 1
AE445 Smart Irrigation Controllers: Programming Guidelines for Evapotranspiration-Based Irrigation Controllers 1 Michael D. Dukes, Mary L. Shedd, and Stacia L. Davis 2 This article is part of a series
More informationStructural Storm Water Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Structural Storm Water Best Management Practices (BMPs) Storm Water Permitting: The SWPPP Revealed By Deron Austin, PE January 11, 2006 3:30-5:00 PM Orlando, Florida Presentation Outline Preface About
More informationVegetated Filter Strips and Buffers
3.15 Sediment Control Description: Buffer strips (existing vegetation) and filter strips (planted vegetation) are sections of vegetated land adjacent to disturbed areas. They are designed with low slopes
More informationNew and Not So New Lawn Grasses for Florida 1
ENH1033 New and Not So New Lawn Grasses for Florida 1 L.E. Trenholm and J.B. Unruh 2 There are many warm-season lawn grasses to choose from, and maybe the time has come to think of species other than St.
More informationRecycle Florida Today. FDOT Use Of Compost Today And Future
Recycle Florida Today FDOT Use Of Compost Today And Future Current Use - Roadside Turf and Landscaping Current Use - Roadside Turf and Landscaping FDOT Approaches Construction Contracts Embedded in road/bridge
More informationBio-Engineering Techniques to Revegetate Streambanks
Bio-Engineering Techniques to Revegetate Streambanks DORMANT CUTTINGS Dormant cuttings are harvested from living woody plants. The cuttings are prepared from branches of woody plants when the plant is
More informationPOLLINATOR HABITAT PLANTING
POLLINATOR HABITAT PLANTING Michigan CRP - SAFE CP-38E Pollinator Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Pollinators provide a very important ecological service. Approximately three quarters of
More informationAll materials in this presentation are taken from materials produced by:
1 PART I 2 All materials in this presentation are taken from materials produced by: Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission 4310 Lexington Road P.O. Box 8024 Athens, GA 30603 706-542-3065 Fax 706-542-4242
More informationMicroirrigation of Young Blueberries in Florida 1
BULLETIN 301 Microirrigation of Young Blueberries in Florida 1 Dorota Z. Haman, Allen G. Smajstrla, Fedro S. Zazueta, Paul M. Lyrene, Robert T. Pritchard 2 Blueberry production shows great promise as a
More informationProtecting Existing Landscape Trees from Construction Damage Due to Grade Changes
Protecting Existing Landscape Trees from Construction Damage Due to Grade Changes Douglas F. Welsh, Professor and Extension Horticulturist Everett E. Janne, Extension Landscape Horticulturist (deceased)
More informationAppendix F Guidance on Selection of Temporary Slope Stabilization Techniques
Guidance on Selection of Temporary Slope Stabilization Techniques Temporary stabilization is an important step in protecting a construction site; by providing effective erosion control through stabilization,
More informationSTREAM ALTERATION PRACTICES
STREAM ALTERATION PRACTICES Stream Diversion Channel SDC DEFINITION A temporary channel constructed to convey stream flow around in-stream construction. PURPOSE Stream diversion channels are used to allow
More informationImage: Montana NRCS USDA
Vegetated Swale Vegetated Swales are broad shallow channels topped with vegetation, also known as bioswales. Swales are designed to slow runoff, promote infiltration, and filter out pollutants and sediments.
More information3.1 EROSION PREVENTION FACT SHEETS (EPP)
3.1 EROSION PREVENTION FACT SHEETS (EPP) Erosion Prevention Practices EPP-01 Tire Washing Symbol TW Description As a result of vehicular ingress and egress to the construction site, the facility would
More informationREQUIREMENTS FOR LANDS TO BE CONVEYED TO THE CITY. The Owner will be responsible to ensure that all lands which will be transferred to the City for
APPROVED BY COUNCIL FEBRUARY 15, 1994 CITY OF BE CONVEYED TO THE CITY The Owner will be responsible to ensure that all lands which will be transferred to the City for parkland, drainage or boulevard purposes
More informationMaster Gardener Recommended Horticulture Best Management Practices
Master Gardener Recommended Horticulture Best Management Practices Practices that should always be recommended: Group plants with similar needs (water, fertilizer, sun ) for easier maintenance Fertilize
More information1.6 IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES
1.6 IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES Planning Planning is necessary if effective solutions are to be provided for erosion and sediment control on construction sites. Plans can guide development and prevent waste.
More informationIntroduction to Soil Solarization 1
ENY 062 1 Robert McSorley and Harsimran K. Gill 2 Figure 1. Overview of solarization in a field. Soil solarization is a practice used to manage weeds, nematodes, diseases, and insects in soil (Fig. 1).
More informationEC-11 COMPOST. Greenville County Technical Specification for. 1.0 Compost. 1.1 Description
Greenville County Technical Specification for EC-11 COMPOST 1.0 Compost 1.1 Description This specification covers compost produced from various organic by-products, for use as an infill material for sediment
More informationEC Building a Bluegrass Lawn
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Historical Materials from University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension Extension 1965 EC65-1212 Building a Bluegrass Lawn Clark
More information5 TH ANNUAL CAPE COASTAL CONFERENCE
5 TH ANNUAL CAPE COASTAL CONFERENCE Key Considerations for Living Shoreline Projects Seth Wilkinson, Restoration Ecologist, President Wilkinson Ecological Design, Inc. BIOENGINEERING STRATEGIES Reducing
More informationGrass Species and Fertilization Practices to Minimize Negative Effects of Lawns. Dr. Rebecca Brown University of Rhode Island
Grass Species and Fertilization Practices to Minimize Negative Effects of Lawns Dr. Rebecca Brown University of Rhode Island Lawns: Good or Bad? Maintained turf covers >50 million acres in the US; majority
More informationCHAPTER 4. SPECIAL CONDITION EROSION CONTROL MEASURES
CHAPTER 4. SPECIAL CONDITION EROSION CONTROL MEASURES 4.1 INFILTRATION BASIN AND TRENCH Figure 4.1. Infiltration basin and trench (Source: Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering,
More information4.6. Low Impact and Retentive Grading
4.6. Low Impact and Retentive Grading Low Impact Grading techniques focus on utilizing existing topography during Site layout to minimize cost. Proposing structures, roads, and other impervious surfaces
More informationControlling Erosion on hillside farm roads
Controlling Erosion on hillside farm s For technical advice on underground pipes and other erosion control practices call: Santa Cruz County Resource Conservation District/Capitola NRCS 820 Bay Avenue,
More informationESTABLISHING BERMUDAGRASS FROM SPRIGS OR TOPS
ESTABLISHING BERMUDAGRASS FROM SPRIGS OR TOPS Dennis W. Hancock, PhD Forage Extension Specialist, Crop and Soil Sciences Department Over the last couple of years, I have received many questions about how
More informationDITCH BANK STABILIZATION TECHNIQUES
onstructed Ditch Drainage anagement Guide - No. 0 in series Order No. 5.0- December 00 DITH BANK STABILIZATION TEHNIQUES It is important to maintain ditches using practices that ensure ditch banks remain
More informationGuidelines for Installing Rolled Erosion Control Products in Slope, Channel and Shoreline Applications Laurie Honnigford
Guidelines for Installing Rolled Erosion Control Products in Slope, Channel and Shoreline Applications Laurie Honnigford Soil erosion is evident in so many situations and the environmental impact can be
More informationCHAPTER 2. VEGETATION AND SOIL STABILIZATION CONTROL MEASURES
CHAPTER 2. VEGETATION AND SOIL STABILIZATION CONTROL MEASURES 2.1 GRASS CHANNELS Figure 2.1. Stream channel (Source: Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University)
More informationAlfalfa and Cool-Season Clovers 1
SS-AGR-173 1 A. R. Blount and R. L. Stanley 2 Cool-season legumes make the most of their growth in the winter and spring when temperatures are too low for warmseason forages to grow. Their growth is highly
More informationINSTALLATION TIPS. Site Preparation
INSTALLATION TIPS To calculate the amount of sod you need for a project you should first divide the project area into squares and rectangles. Measure length times width of those areas then add them together
More informationConstruction, Insulation, and Ventilation of Game Bird Facilities 1
PS45 Construction, Insulation, and Ventilation of Game Bird Facilities 1 R. A. Bucklin, J. P. Jacob, H. R. Wilson, and J. D. Leary 2 The main reason to build housing for game birds is to provide protection
More informationThe Nature of Soil Soil Conservation Sustainable Ag.
Chapter 6 & 7 The Nature of Soil Soil Conservation Sustainable Ag. Climate Soil Forming Factors Parent material Organisms Topography Time Value of Soil Soil is under appreciated Condition of soil affects
More informationSECTION SEEDING. C. Seed mix to be used will be as specified in the Bid Schedule.
SECTION 02710 - PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION A. The WORK under this Section includes providing all labor, materials, tools and equipment necessary for preparing the ground and furnishing and applying
More informationBiodegradabale Soil Blankets Installation Technique
Biodegradabale Soil Blankets Installation Technique Application Techniques of URM Biodegradabale Soil Blankets Site assessment The first step in the application of Coir Biodegradabale Soil Blankets is
More informationLawn Seed Information
Lawn Seed Information 4759 Township Road 366 Millersburg Ohio 44654 www.meritseed.com 1-800-553-4713 Located in Berlin, behind the Farmstead Restaurant PRO-TURF MIX Description: Pro-Turf Mix is a blend
More informationA. E. ALDOUS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
KOREAN LESPEDEZA 1 A. E. ALDOUS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS Korean lespedeza, an annual legume with very fine stems, is a comparatively new crop in Kansas. It is closely related to the small Japanese lespedeza
More informationVolume 2, Chapter 12 - Revegetation
Volume 2, Chapter 12 - Revegetation Users Guidance: If a UDFCD Section number in this chapter is skipped: It was adopted as is; please refer to that Section in the corresponding UDFCD Manual, Volume, Chapter
More informationConservation Cover - 327
Conservation Cover - 327 Herbaceous Plantings for Pollinator Habitat Conservation Practice Job Sheet January 2012 INTRODUCTION Pollinators perform key roles in natural ecosystems and agricultural production
More informationVegetated Filter Strips and Buffers
3.15 Sediment Control Description: Buffer strips (existing vegetation) and filter strips (planted vegetation) are sections of vegetated land adjacent to disturbed areas. They are designed with low slopes
More informationFertilizing Your Lawn for Healthy Plants and Clean Water
We all want a home landscape that is attractive but did you know that some of our common landscape management practices can cause pollution? The improper use of lawn fertilizers has the potential to harm
More informationBest Management Practices
Best Management Practices Urban Areas Aquatic Areas Natural Areas Best Management Practices Urban Areas Green Industry Best Management Practices Fertilizer Label Nitrogen Applications Phosphorous Applications
More informationThe Low Risk Site Handbook
The Low Risk Site Handbook for Erosion Prevention and Sediment Control The content of this Handbook is adapted from the New York State Standards and Specifications for Erosion and Sediment Control-August
More informationPlant Selection: Principles
Plant Selection, Forms & Sources Warren Gold REN capstone November 7, 2008 This presentation will focus on principles For specific information on species see resources on handout, books, instructors Plant
More informationBahiagrass. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) Turf Questions Driving You. Cultivar Selection. Grows by rhizomes Grows in bunches Likes acidic soil
Turf Questions Driving You Nuts? Turfgrass Answers Species Available and Here! Cultivar Selection Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Urban Turfgrass Specialist Urban Turfgrass Specialist
More informationFigure 1. Bioswale along roadside. Photo courtesy of CalTrans. Figure 2. Diagram of typical bioswale (adapted from UDFCD 1999)
Design Manual: Biological Filtration Canal (Bioswale) Dayna Yocum, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara Figure 1. Bioswale along roadside. Photo
More information