What Can Complete Streets Learn From International Approaches?

Transcription

1 What Can Complete Streets Learn From International Approaches? Presented By: Frank Wefering Director of Sustainability, GPI 22 May 2018

2 Motivations to plan and design complete streets A transportation policy and design approach that requires streets to be planned, designed, operated, and maintained to enable safe, convenient and comfortable travel and access for users of all ages and abilities regardless of their mode of transportation. Other?! Economic Development Aesthetics Interaction Road Safety Convenience & Comfort Access Inclusion Multimodality Active Transportation

3 Overview Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans Healthy Streets Moving Beyond Zero Woonerfs Lab van Troje Mobility as a Service

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5 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

6 Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans

7 Healthy Streets

8 Moving Beyond Zero

9 Woonerfs

10 Lab van Troje

11 MaaS Mobility as a Service

12 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans & Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans

13 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (EU, 2013) European Union Action Plan on Urban Mobility (2009); Action 1 calls for support of local authorities to develop Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans Support via Council of the EU (2010) + EU Transport White Paper (2011) EU-wide expert consultation process to develop the SUMP concept ( ) SUMP Guidelines (2013) Formal EU Policy - Urban Mobility Package (2013) Today Adaptation to national planning frameworks Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans as a precondition for transport infrastructure financing (EU institutions; multilateral banks) SUMPs developed and implemented across Europe and beyond Revised SUMP Guidelines to be delivered in 2019

14 What does SUMP stand for? Characteristics Part I Long-term vision and clear implementation plan Planning for People: Improving livability; enabling access Participatory approach: Engaging citizens and stakeholders Contribution to climate change commitments Pledge for sustainability: Economic, social and environmental

15 What does SUMP stand for? Characteristics Part II Integrated approach: Balanced development and integration of all transportation modes Cooperation between policy sectors and between government levels Cities working together with neighboring authorities Focus on monitoring & evaluation and reporting: Objectives + measurable targets Review of all costs and benefits: Implementation of affordable and cost-effective solutions Passenger AND freight transportation transparent

16 Paradigm shift in planning

17 From the Urban to the Neighborhood Level Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans - A European concept applying sustainable transportation and urban mobility principles, such as facilitation of all modes, accessibility, participation, etc. in small urban subsections (neighborhoods, quarters) Frank Wefering Greenman-Pedersen, Inc. ITE Northeastern District Annual Meeting Lake George, NY, May 2018

18 Sustainable Neighborhood Mobility Plans (EU 2017) Unleashing large innovation potentials at the urban district level via proactive involvement of local communities, stakeholders and residents Neighborhood Mobility Labs as a collaborative way / cocreation means to address common urban mobility challenges at the urban district level Particular focus on engaging typically under-represented groups such as migrants, women, older and younger people NEIGHBORHOOD APPROACH ADVANTAGES Chance to quickly make a real difference Sense of community and trust Shared language, idioms and cultural references Short communication paths Resilient social networks Emotional attachment and commitment to the neighborhood, a feeling of belonging and responsibility Detailed knowledge about the local situation - geographically, socially, historically Familiarity with places and streets

19 Focus on Streets Street functions with direct impacts on citizen s quality of life Space for social interactions among neighbors Playground for children Ecological space Street space limitations causes competition between various uses especially driven by the demand for car-parking space Residential street space reveals challenges of vulnerable groups like the handicapped or the elderly as well as specific needs for children

20 Healthy Streets

21 Healthy Streets for London (2017) A strategic and overarching approach for the design and management of London s streets linking transportation with public health Aim to improve air quality, reduce congestion and support the creation of greener, healthier and more attractive urban places to live, work, play and do business Facilitates active transportation and thereby tackles illnesses associated with inactivity

22 London s Focus on Transportation and Health

23 Healthy Streets Indicators

24 Moving Beyond Zero

25 Moving Beyond Zero (Sweden, 2017) The next step in the Vision Zero movement from Sweden initiated by the Swedish Traffic Safety Council for Active and Sustainable Mobility. Moving Beyond Zero looks at road and urban environment improvements no longer merely from the perspective of preventing road crashes, fatalities and injuries, but it focuses on improving public health and reducing emissions and congestion by promoting active transport modes like cycling and walking.

26 Moving Beyond Zero in Practice Cycling promotion and road safety are interlinked Technology provides sustainable solutions Bicycling encourages positive health + safety effects Multi-modal transit provides needed flexibility Bicycling and livable cities Children s cycling and children s rights

27 Woonerfs

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29 Logic makes people think

30 Logic makes people think, but emotions make people act

31 The Netherlands, early 1970s How a civic activist s campaign changed Dutch mobility culture and influenced street design Photograph: Fotocollectie Anefo/Society for the Nationaal Archief Stop de Kindermoord campaigners visit Amsterdam s House of Representatives in 1972, a year after more than 400 children were killed in traffic crashes.

32 Woonerfs Netherlands, 1970s: Search for ideas for safer urban planning Woonerf: a people-friendly street with speed bumps and bends to force cars to drive very slowly. Today, woonerfs have gone out of fashion, but still found in many Dutch cities.

33 Lab van Troje / Living Street

34 Lab van Troje / Living Street (Belgium, 2012) A living lab experiment from Gent, Belgium used to gather ideas and suggestions from citizens and local stakeholders to improve places and streets. collaborating citizens, businesses, governments and organisations and developed with the support of the municipality of Ghent. Frank Wefering Greenman-Pedersen, Inc. ITE Northeastern District Annual Meeting Lake George, NY, May 2018

35 Mobility Visioning The M-Club On Wheels The Street Cut Source: Gent Klimaatverbond, De fiets van Troje. Transitie naar een duurzame mobiliteitscultuur voor Gent en omgeving. Brochure. The School Street Nearby Parking Deluxe

36 MaaS - Mobility as a Service

37 Mobility as a Service (Finland, first app 2016) MaaS The integration of various forms of transport services into a single mobility service accessible on demand USDOT, Volpe Center MaaS operator facilitates a diverse menu of transport options - public transportation, ride-, car- or bike-sharing, taxi or car rental/lease, or a combination thereof Single application provides access to mobility and single payment channel instead of multiple ticketing and payment operations

38 MaaS Scenario All encompassing urban mobility package for US$400 per month Get from A to B, and all A s to all B s within the urban area Service level agreement ensures pick-up in less than 10 minutes Use all transportation modes (various forms of public transit, taxi, car sharing, ride sharing, bike sharing, etc.) Limited logistics and home delivery service included Service and payment offers bundled in one mobile app Discounted rates in other cities and option for multi-city packages Adapted from Heikkilä, Business Finland, Tekes

39 Source: MaaS Global website What if MaaS was widely used? Pure Theory? Reduced reliance on individual car use Urban transformation Need for a better network of physically and digitally connected streets Implications for complete street design!? Source: Maas Global

40 What Can Complete Streets Learn From International Approaches? Holistic urban mobility approach Planning for people designing for people Community engagement Visioning Transparent reporting New justifications + legitimizations (public health)

41 Main Presentation References European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans -> eltis.org/mobility-plans Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods Research and Implementation -> civitas-sunrise.eu Healthy Streets for London -> tfl.gov.uk/corporate/about-tfl/how-we-work/planning-for-the-future/healthy-streets Moving Beyond Zero Initiative -> movingbeyondzero.com History of the Dutch Stop de Kindermoord Campaign -> lcc.org.uk/pages/holland-in-the-1970s The Woonerf Concept -> Lab van Troje -> labvantroje.be/en Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Alliance -> maas-alliance.eu

42 Thank you for your attention! Frank M. Wefering Greenman-Pedersen, Inc. (GPI), Babylon, NY and (c)