STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT: A REVIEW

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT: A REVIEW"

Transcription

1 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS : CONCEPTION TO EXECUTION (TIPCE) A presentation on STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT: A REVIEW Sumit Nandi Research Scholar Civil Engineering Department (CED) Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Dr. G. D. Ransinchung R. N. Associate Professor Civil Engineering Department (CED) Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

2 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO PAVER BLOCKS ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT HISTORY OF PAVER BLOCKS USAGE STATISTICS APPLICATIONS OF PAVER BLOCKS FEATURES OF PAVER BLOCKS JOINTING AND BEDDING SAND EDGE RESTRAINT INTERLOCK MECHANISM LOAD DEFLECTION BEHAVIOR LOAD REPEATATION JOINT FILLING AND THICKNESS VARIATION CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES

3 3 PAVER BLOCKS: PART OF BLOCK PAVEMENT Paver blocks form a part of the segmental paving system. The individual paving units are bedded and jointed in the sand rather than the age-old system of continuous paving (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b). Substructure beneath the bedding sand is similar to that of a conventional flexible pavement. Figure : Components of block pavement (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a) The major structural components of the concrete block pavements are: (1) Block Pavers (2) Bedding and Jointing Sands (3) Edge Restraints (4) Base-course and Sub-base (5) Sub-grade

4 4 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT FREEZE-THAW RESISTANCE ACCESS TO UTILITIES EASY MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR LOWER MAINTENANCE COSTS CRACKING PHENOMENON FREE CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENT (CBP) RESTRICT THE SPEED OF VEHICLES AESTHETICALLY PLEASING UNAFFECTED BY SPILLAGE OF OILs WITHSTANDING DEICING SALTS

5 5 PAVER BLOCKS: HISTORY 4000 BC First record of stone paving in Assyria BC Flagstones were being used to pave village streets. Road-making using brick common in Mesopotamia. 300 BC Clay brick paving in use in India AD Post World War II. Shortage of coal. Concrete pavers were first introduced in The Netherlands as an alternative to the kiln-fired brick paving units then in use. Spread quickly to Germany, Austria, Belgium, France, and England. 1970s AD Concrete pavers came to the United States.

6 6 PAVER BLOCKS: HISTORY BLOCK SHAPE EVOLUTION (IRC:SP: ) INITIAL COST AND SIZE SIMILAR TO PAVING BRICK DENTATED TO PROVIDE KEY WITH ADJOINING UNITS, RETAINING ESSENTIALLY BRICK DIMENSIONS NEW SHAPE FOR BETTER PERFORMANCE UNDER TRAFFIC AND PERMITTING MECHANICAL LAYING OF BLOCKS 'X' SHAPED BLOCK FOR BETTER INTERLOCK AND FASTER MECHANISED PAVING

7 7 PAVER BLOCKS: USAGE STATISTICS Figure : Use of pavers worldwide in millions of square metres per annum (CMA 2009) Figure : Growth in concrete block paving in South Africa (CMA 2009)

8 8 PAVER BLOCKS: APPLICATIONS Figure : Paver Blocks at Intersections Figure : Paver Blocks at Pedestrian Crossings Figure : Paver Blocks at Sidewalks Figure : Paver Blocks at Toll Plazas Figure : Paver Blocks at Main Roads Figure : Paver Blocks at Car Parks

9 9 PAVER BLOCKS: APPLICATIONS Figure : Paver Blocks at Factories and Warehouses Figure : Paver Blocks at Container Depots Figure : Paver Blocks at Embankments Figure : Paver Blocks in Stormwater channels Figure : Paver Blocks at Roof Deck Figure : Paver Blocks used to create picture

10 10 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (CATEGORIES) Three categories of paver shape have been recognized (Morrish 1980). Category A comprises dentate blocks which key into each other on all four faces. Category B comprises dentated blocks which key into one another on two faces only. Category C comprises non-dentated blocks which do not key together geometrically. Figure : Different Categories of Blocks (IRC:SP: )

11 11 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (TEST SETUP) Figure : Schematic Test-Setup for testing of Paver Blocks (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a) Figure : Highway accelerated loading instrument (Ling et al. 2009)

12 12 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (BLOCK SHAPES) Higher vertical surface area results in large load spreading ability. Some early plate load studies (Knapton 1976; Clark 1978) contradicted this finding. Later accelerated trafficking studies (Shackel 1980) and plate load studies (Shackel et al. 1993) established that shaped (dentated) blocks exhibited smaller deformation than rectangular blocks of a similar thickness installed in the same laying pattern under the same applied load. Figure : Summary of paver block shapes available (CMA 2009)

13 13 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (BLOCK SIZE) Smaller size blocks have more numbers of joint per unit area than a larger block (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a). The tendency of rotation and translation of the smaller block is higher than a larger block. This conclusion is inconsistent with earlier findings by Shackel (1980). Figure : Effect of block sizes on behavior of block pavement (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b)

14 14 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (BLOCK THICKNESS) As the block thickness increases the elastic deformation of the pavement reduces. Knapton (1976) found pavement performance was essentially independent of block thickness, whereas Clark (1978) reported a small improvement in pavement performance with an increase in block thickness. Shackel (1980), Miura et al. (1984) and Shackel et al. (1993) claimed that an increase in block thickness reduced elastic deflection and the stress transmitted to the subbase. Compounded effect of higher frictional resistance and thrusting action between adjacent block at the hinging point is more effective in case of thicker blocks (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a). Figure : Rut depth as a function of block and base thickness (Shackel 1980)

15 15 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (BLOCK STRENGTH) Figure : Effect of block strengths on the behavior of block pavement (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b) The blocks of the in-service CBP undergo compressive stresses due to traffic loading. The bending stresses develop in blocks are negligible because of block size and its aspect ratio. Concrete blocks behave as rigid bodies in CBP. Loads transfer to the adjacent blocks is by virtue of its geometrical characteristics rather than the strength of blocks. Shackel (1980), and Panda and Ghosh (2002 b) concluded that the load associated performance of block pavements was essentially independent of the compressive strength of the blocks. The effect of block strength on the load-deflection behaviour of block pavement is shown in the adjacent figure.

16 16 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (LAYING PATTERN) The most commonly used patterns are herringbone, stretcher or running and basketweave or parquet bonds. Knapton (1976) found that laying pattern did not significantly affect the static load-spreading capacity of the pavement. Figure : Three basic laying patterns for block paving (CMA 2009) Accelerated trafficking tests (Shackel 1980) have been used to compare the performance of these patterns. From plate load studies, Miura et al. (1984) and Shackel et al. (1993) have reported that, for a given shape and thickness, blocks laid in a herringbone bond exhibited higher performance than blocks laid in a stretcher bond. The Herringbone pattern can have three orientations relative to the direction of traffic. It should be laid at 45⁰ to the traffic to resist the traffic shear stresses. Figure : Effect of laying pattern of blocks on behavior of block pavement (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b)

17 17 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (BEDDING SAND) Table : Thickness of Bedding Sand Table : Bedding Sand grading Authors Specification (Thickness) Authors Specification (Grading) Eisenmann and Leykuf (1988), Lilley and Dowson (1988), Compacted thickness of 50 mm Lilley and Dowson (1988) 5, 15 and 50 percent passing (maximum) 75, 150, and 300 mm sieves respectively. Hurmann (1997) Nominal size of 5 mm (European practice) (maximum), 10% or less Rada et al. (1990) (United States), Shackel et al. (1993) (Australia) Simmons (1979) Compacted thicknesses of mm Compacted depth of 40 mm minimum Sharp and Simmons (1980) coarser than the 4.75 mm sieve. Grains should not be single sized and/or spherical shaped. Less than 3% clay/silt content. Particle size of 9.52 mm Mavin (1980) Compacted depth of 30 ± 10 mm, 10 mm tolerance to be kept Livneh et al. (1988) maximum. Not more than 10% should pass the 75 on the subbase micron sieve.

18 18 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (JOINTING SAND) Table : Joint width Table : Grading of Jointing Sand Authors Specification (Joint Width) Authors Specification (Grading) Shackel et al. (1993), Hurmann (1997) 2-4 mm uniform, narrow and filled joints to be provided. Lilley (1981), Hurman (1997) Similar to that of bedding course. Particle size of 1.18 mm Knapton and O Grady (1983) Lilley (1994) mm joints to be provided for better pavement performance Below 5 mm. Excess width decreases the structural capability of the wearing Shackel (1980) Knapton and O Grady (1983) maximum and less than 20% finer than the 75 micron sieve. It should be finer. Finer than 2.36 mm sieve. As per British Standards, Zone 2 sand found to be most effective. Particle size of 1.2 mm course. Livneh et al. (1988) maximum and 10% finer than 75 micron.

19 19 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (EDGE RESTRAINT) Edge restraints are a key part of CBP. Edge restraints resist lateral movement, prevent rotation of the pavers under load and restrict loss of bedding sand material at the boundaries. Edge restraints are designed to remain stationary while receiving impacts during installation, from traffic loads and freeze-thaw cycles. Edge restraints should be laid at all boundaries of the paved area or between the joints of the edge restraints. Figure : Edge Restraints (IRC:SP: ) Figure : Pavement deflections with and without edge restraint (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b)

20 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (INTERLOCK) Interlock has been defined as the inability of an individual paver to move independently of its neighbours. Figure : Achievement of vertical interlock (Knapton and Barber 1980 ) It has been categorized as having three components: horizontal, rotational, and vertical. Interlock is of major importance for the prevention of movement of pavers horizontally when trafficked (Knapton and Barber 1979). Figure : Achievement of rotational interlock (Knapton and Barber 1980) 20

21 PAVER BLOCKS: FEATURES (INTERLOCK MECHANISM) 21 Figure : Effects of rotation on the wedging action of pavers (Shackel and Lim 2003) Figure : Effects of paver rotation on pavers laid in herringbone bond (Shackel and Lim 2003)

22 22 CBP: LOAD DEFLECTION BEHAVIOR The load-deflection behavior is irrespective of block shape, size, strength, thickness, and laying pattern. It is seen that the pavement deflection increased in a nonlinear manner with increasing load. An interesting observation is that the rate of deflection decreases with increasing load (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a). The results obtained are similar to that established in earlier plate load tests by Knapton (1976), Clark (1978), and Miura et al. (1984). Figure : Load spreading mechanism (Panda and Ghosh 2002 a)

23 23 CBP: LOAD REPEATATION Panda and Ghosh (2002 b) reported that the loaddeflection response is nonlinear. Moreover, initially, the repeated loading and unloading results into deflection, which is not fully recovered. Figure : Effects of cycling 51 KN load on paver blocks laid in a herringbone pattern (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b) Permanent residual deformations develop due to load repetition. Block pavements stiffen progressively with an increase in the number of load repetitions During loading, additional compaction of sand under blocks occurs, and some part of the energy is lost in that way. As a result, the recovery is not full. Figure : Effects of load repetition (Panda and Ghosh 2002 b)

24 24 CBP: JOINT FILLING AND THICKNESS VARIATION Figure : Need for complete filling of joints (IRC:SP: ) Figure : Effect of thickness variations in paving blocks (IRC:SP: )

25 25 CONCLUSIONS CBP is made up of a rigid material but the construction and behaviour have a resemblance to that of a conventional asphalt pavement. Deflection of CBPs is influenced by the width of joint, jointing sand and bedding sand quality, bedding sand thickness, block shape, block size, block thickness, and number of load repetitions. The vertical surface area of the block greatly affects the load transfer. Shaped blocks perform better compared to square or rectangular (undented) ones of similar thickness laid in same laying pattern. Deflection of CBPs can be reduced by the use of larger blocks. The load associated performance of CBP is influenced by the pattern of laying with herringbone bond giving the best performance. On the contrary, the block compressive strength does not have any effect on the performance of thecbp. The joints between the paver blocks should be uniform, narrow and properly filled for optimum load spreading by friction, and to reduce deflection an effective edge restraint should be provided. The jointing sand should contain lesser fines that is, particles passing 75-micron sieve for smaller joint widths and the maximum size should be below the joint width provided.

26 26 CONCLUSIONS The bedding course acts as a cushion and should consist of course-grained sand providing a greater resistance to shearing. A loose thickness of 50 mm can be provided. The response of CBP to load repetition is non-linear, so permanent residual deformations occur. With the number of load repetitions increased, there is a progressive stiffening of the block pavements. So block pavements gradually attain its strength. The early deformation occurring in the very early life of the pavement and well before final lock-up can be arrested by recompaction of the pavement prior to locking up (equilibrium). Functioning of CBPs largely depends on the unique interlocking mechanism of the paver blocks involving the wedging action.

27 27 REFERENCES 1. Clark, A.J., (1978). Block paving-research and development. Concrete, 12(7). 2. CMA (2009). Concrete Block Paving Introduction. Concrete Manufacturers Association, Midrand, South Africa. 3. Eisenmann, J. and Leykauf, G., (1988). Design of concrete block pavement in FRG. In Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, Pavitalia, Rome, pp Huurman, M., (1997). Permanent deformation in concrete block pavements. PhD thesis, Delft Univ. of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands. 5. IS: 15658, (2006). Precast Concrete Blocks for Paving-Specifications. Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. 6. Knapton, J., (1976). The design of concrete block roads. Technical Rep , Cement and Concrete Association, Wexham Springs, U.K. 7. Knapton, J. and O Grady, M., (1983). Structural behavior of concrete block paving. J. Concrete Soc., pp Lilley, A., (1994). Size and block shape - Do they Matter. Concrete plant and production, 12, pp Lilley, A.A. and Dowson, A.J., (1988, May). Laying course sand for concrete block paving. In Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, Pavitalia, Rome, (pp ). 10. Livneh, M., Ishai, I. and Nesichi, S., (1988). Development of a pavement design methodology for concrete block pavements inisrael. In Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, Pavitalia, Rome, pp Mavin, K.C., (1980). Interlocking block paving in Australian residential streets. In Proc. of 1st International Conf. on Concrete Block Paving. 12. Miura, Y., Takaura, M. and Tsuda, T., (1984). Structural design of concrete block pavements by CBR method and its evaluation. In Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving (pp ). Delft, The Netherlands: Delft Univ. oftechnology. 13. Panda, B.C. and Ghosh, A.K., (2002). Structural behavior of concrete block paving. II: Concrete blocks. Journal of transportation Engineering, 128(2), pp

28 28 REFERENCES 14. Panda, B.C. and Ghosh, A.K., (2002). Structural behavior of concrete block paving. I: sand in bed and joints. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 128(2), pp Rada, G.R., Smith, D.R., Miller, J.S. and Witczak, M.W., (1990). Structural design of concrete block pavements. Journal of transportation engineering, 116(5), pp Shackel, B., (1979). A Design Method for Interlocking Concrete Block Pavements. In Proceedings Symposium on Precast Concrete Paving Block, Johannesburg, Concrete Society of Southern Africa. 17. Shackel, B., (1980). The performance of interlocking block pavements under accelerated trafficking. In Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Concrete Block Paving, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K., (pp ). 18. Shackel, B., O'Keeffe, W. and O'Keeffe, L., (1993). Concrete block paving tested as articulated slabs. In Fifth International Conference on Concrete Pavement Design and Rehabilitation Purdue University, School of Civil Engineering; Federal Highway Administration; Portland Cement Association; Transportation Research Board; Indiana Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; andamerican Concrete Pavement Association. (Vol. 1). 19. Shackel, B., (2003). The challenges of concrete block paving as a mature technology. Pave Africa, pp Sharp, K.G. and Simmons, M.J., (1980, August). Interlocking concrete blocks: state of the art review. In Australian Road Research Board (ARRB) Conference, 10th,1980, Sydney (Vol. 10, No. 2). 21. Simmons, M. J., (1979). Construction of interlocking concrete block pavements. Australian Road Research Rep. ARR No. 90, pp

29 29 QUESTIONS

30 30 THANK YOU

MECHANISMS OF PAVER INTERLOCK

MECHANISMS OF PAVER INTERLOCK MECHANISMS OF PAVER INTERLOCK Shackel, B. 1 and Lim, D.O.O. 2 1 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Australia. 2 L and M Foundations, Singapore. ABSTRACT It has

More information

Technical Bullet Series on Clay Brick Pavers

Technical Bullet Series on Clay Brick Pavers 2701 Shorefair Drive, Winston-Salem, NC 27105 pinehallbrick.com 1-800-334-8689 Technical Bullet Series on Clay Brick Pavers #4 Designing For Heavy Vehicular Traffic Abstract This Tech Bullet focuses on

More information

METHOD AND GUIDLINES FOR THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN URBAN STREETS

METHOD AND GUIDLINES FOR THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN URBAN STREETS METHOD AND GUIDLINES FOR THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN URBAN STREETS Ishai, I. 1, Livneh, M. 2 and Ruhm, C. 3 1 Assoc. Professor of Civil Engineering, Transportation Research Institute,

More information

A SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN CONTAINER PORT PAVEMENTS SURFACED WITH CONCRETE SEGMENTAL PAVING

A SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN CONTAINER PORT PAVEMENTS SURFACED WITH CONCRETE SEGMENTAL PAVING A SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN CONTAINER PORT PAVEMENTS SURFACED WITH CONCRETE SEGMENTAL PAVING Brian Shackel, Alan Pearson and Wayne Holt School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South

More information

THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN NORTH AMERICA

THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN NORTH AMERICA PAVE 92 THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS IN NORTH AMERICA David R. Smith Concrete Paver Institute Herndon, Virginia, USA Segmental paving has been an integral part of the human environment

More information

Shear Characteristics of Fly Ash-Granular Soil Mixtures Subjected to Modified Compaction

Shear Characteristics of Fly Ash-Granular Soil Mixtures Subjected to Modified Compaction Shear Characteristics of Fly Ash-Granular Soil Mixtures Subjected to Modified Compaction Ratna Prasad R 1 1 Research Scholar, JNTU Kakinada and Professor of Civil Engineering, Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute

More information

A Study on Stabilization of Subgrade Soil Using Natural Fibers (Coir and Jute)

A Study on Stabilization of Subgrade Soil Using Natural Fibers (Coir and Jute) A Study on Stabilization of Subgrade Soil Using Natural Fibers (Coir and Jute) M. Mohan 1, L. Manjesh Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka,

More information

EFFECT OF CENTRAL PILE IN INCREASING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF BORED PILE GROUPS

EFFECT OF CENTRAL PILE IN INCREASING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF BORED PILE GROUPS EFFECT OF CENTRAL PILE IN INCREASING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF BORED PILE GROUPS Mohamed M. Shahin Department of Civil Engineering, 7 th October University, Misurata,, Libya, E-mail: Mohamed_zubi@yahoo.com

More information

Influence of Different Materials to Improve the Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil

Influence of Different Materials to Improve the Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 4 Issue 3 August 2017 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Influence of Different Materials to Improve the Stabilization of Black

More information

Road Soil. Curtis F. Berthelot Ph.D., P.Eng. Department of Civil Engineering. Road Soil Introduction

Road Soil. Curtis F. Berthelot Ph.D., P.Eng. Department of Civil Engineering. Road Soil Introduction Road Soil Characterization ti By: Curtis F. Berthelot Ph.D., P.Eng. Department of Civil Engineering Road Soil Introduction Roads are constructed of layered heterogeneous multiphase geo-materials that exhibit

More information

[Gupta* et al., 5(7): July, 2016] ISSN: IC Value: 3.00 Impact Factor: 4.116

[Gupta* et al., 5(7): July, 2016] ISSN: IC Value: 3.00 Impact Factor: 4.116 [Gupta* et al., 5(7): July, 6] ISSN: 77-9655 IC Value: 3. Impact Factor: 4.6 IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY EFFECT OF DENSITY AND MOISTURE ON THE SLOPE STABILITY

More information

NEW ZEALAND'S BLOCK PAVING HISTORY AND FUTURE

NEW ZEALAND'S BLOCK PAVING HISTORY AND FUTURE '-I PAVE 92 NEW ZEALAND'S BLOCK PAVING HISTORY AND FUTURE 1. SUMMARY: G. Kuipers Consulting Engineer - Auckland, New Zealand G. O'Sulllvan Market Development Manager - Firth Industries Ltd New Zealand

More information

ARCHITECTURAL PAVING STONE PRODUCT CATALOG

ARCHITECTURAL PAVING STONE PRODUCT CATALOG ARCHITECTURAL PAVING STONE PRODUCT CATALOG ARCHITECTURAL PAVING STONES - 360, H STREET, WASHINGTON, D.C. ARCHITECTURAL PAVING STONE Nitterhouse s high strength Architectural Pavers combine durability with

More information

Installation Manual May 9/14 No revision

Installation Manual May 9/14 No revision 815 NE 172 nd Avenue Vancouver, WA 98684 877-694-0141 Installation Manual May 9/14 No revision Installation steps include job planning, layout, excavating and preparing the soil subgrade, applying geotextiles

More information

Permeable Interlocking Pavers

Permeable Interlocking Pavers Design Manual Chapter 5 - Roadway Design 5K - Permeable Interlocking Pavers 5K-1 Permeable Interlocking Pavers A. General Permeable pavements are designed to infiltrate runoff, whereas runoff sheds off

More information

Load-Carrying Capacity of Stone Column Encased with Geotextile. Anil Kumar Sahu 1 and Ishan Shankar 2

Load-Carrying Capacity of Stone Column Encased with Geotextile. Anil Kumar Sahu 1 and Ishan Shankar 2 Load-Carrying Capacity of Stone Column Encased with Geotextile Anil Kumar Sahu 1 and Ishan Shankar 2 1 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India (sahuanilkr@yahoo.co.in)

More information

IGC. 50 th. 50 th INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL CONFERENCE IMPROVEMENT IN LOAD BEARING CHARACTERISTICS OF RED MUD REINFORCED WITH SINGLE GEOGRID LAYER

IGC. 50 th. 50 th INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL CONFERENCE IMPROVEMENT IN LOAD BEARING CHARACTERISTICS OF RED MUD REINFORCED WITH SINGLE GEOGRID LAYER 50 th IGC 50 th INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL CONFERENCE 17 th 19 th DECEMBER 2015, Pune, Maharashtra, India Venue: College of Engineering (Estd. 1854), Pune, India IMPROVEMENT IN LOAD BEARING CHARACTERISTICS OF

More information

815 NE 172 nd Avenue Vancouver, WA Installation Manual

815 NE 172 nd Avenue Vancouver, WA Installation Manual 815 NE 172 nd Avenue Vancouver, WA 98684 800-377-3877 www.xeripave.com info@xeripave.com Installation Manual Installation steps include job planning, layout, excavating and preparing the soil sub grade,

More information

BorAL. PAvErS Build something great. commercial pavers BUILD A TRADITION IN YOUR COMMUNITY WITH BORAL PAVERS.

BorAL. PAvErS Build something great. commercial pavers BUILD A TRADITION IN YOUR COMMUNITY WITH BORAL PAVERS. BorAL PAvErS Build something great commercial pavers BUILD A TRADITION IN YOUR COMMUNITY WITH BORAL PAVERS. Peachtree Avenue Heartland Flashed Build a tradition in your community with Boral Pavers When

More information

Study of Soil Cement with Admixture Stabilization for Road Sub-Grade

Study of Soil Cement with Admixture Stabilization for Road Sub-Grade IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 3 Issue 10 March 2017 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Study of Soil Cement with Admixture Stabilization for Road Sub-Grade Rupesh

More information

Analysis of Pullout Resistance of Soil-Nailing in Lateritic Soil

Analysis of Pullout Resistance of Soil-Nailing in Lateritic Soil Analysis of Pullout Resistance of Soil-Nailing in Lateritic Soil B,L.A. Isaka 1, B.C. Madushanka 1 and N.H. Priyankara 1 1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering University

More information

Stabilization of Pavement Subgrade Using Fly Ash and Lime

Stabilization of Pavement Subgrade Using Fly Ash and Lime International Journal of Engineering Science Invention (IJESI) ISSN (Online): 9 674, ISSN (Print): 9 676 Volume 7 Issue February 08 PP. 66-74 Stabilization of Pavement Subgrade Using Fly Ash and Lime Mohd.

More information

A GUIDE FOR DESIGN INTEGRATION OF CONCRETE PAVERS ANTON C. HARFMANN, AIA GARY E. DAY, RA

A GUIDE FOR DESIGN INTEGRATION OF CONCRETE PAVERS ANTON C. HARFMANN, AIA GARY E. DAY, RA A GUIDE FOR DESIGN INTEGRATION OF CONCRETE PAVERS ANTON C. HARFMANN, AIA GARY E. DAY, RA CONCRElE PAVmnNSTITUlE 2302 HORSE PEN RQ"i\D HERNDON VIRGl!NIA

More information

SWEDISH EDUCATION AND TRAINING ON CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS

SWEDISH EDUCATION AND TRAINING ON CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS SWEDISH EDUCATION AND TRAINING ON CONCRETE BLOCK PAVEMENTS SILFWERBRAND, Johan, Professor. Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute (CBI) SE-100 44 Stockholm, SWEDEN Tel.: +46-8-6961100, Fax.: +46-8-243137,

More information

Tech Spec 10. Application Guide for Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Concrete pavers with sand filled joints. Edge restraint/curb

Tech Spec 10. Application Guide for Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Concrete pavers with sand filled joints. Edge restraint/curb Tech Spec 10 Application Guide for Interlocking Concrete Pavements This technical bulletin provides an overview of interlocking concrete pavements for a range of applicatons. The Interlocking Concrete

More information

PA01 Concrete Segmental Pavements Detailing Guide

PA01 Concrete Segmental Pavements Detailing Guide PA01 Concrete Segmental Pavements Detailing Guide Detailing Guide Introduction A key factor which separates concrete segmental paving from other pavement types is that it combines both serviceability

More information

EFFECT OF NATURAL GEOTEXTILE ON UNPAVED AND PAVED ROAD MODELS- A COMPARATIVE STUDY

EFFECT OF NATURAL GEOTEXTILE ON UNPAVED AND PAVED ROAD MODELS- A COMPARATIVE STUDY INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL CONFERENCE EFFECT OF NATURAL GEOTEXTILE ON UNPAVED AND PAVED ROAD MODELS- A COMPARATIVE STUDY P.T. Abdul Azeez 1, M.K. Sayida 2, Y. Sheela Evangeline 3 ABSTRACT The development of cracks

More information

Soil Stabilization by Using Fly Ash

Soil Stabilization by Using Fly Ash IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-issn: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 13, Issue 6 Ver. VII (Nov. - Dec. 2016), PP 10-14 www.iosrjournals.org Soil Stabilization by Using

More information

SUITABILITY OF GEOGRID REINFORCED - RUBBER WASTE IN PAVEMENTS

SUITABILITY OF GEOGRID REINFORCED - RUBBER WASTE IN PAVEMENTS Abstract S. Thenmozhi et. al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology SUITABILITY OF GEOGRID REINFORCED - RUBBER WASTE IN PAVEMENTS S. THENMOZHI 1 Research Scholar, Department of

More information

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. Road transport is an only means of transport that offers itself to the whole community

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. Road transport is an only means of transport that offers itself to the whole community 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 General Road transport is an only means of transport that offers itself to the whole community alike. It is accepted fact that of all the modes the transportation, road transport

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR THE INSTALLATION OF INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVERS

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR THE INSTALLATION OF INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVERS ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS.PROV 355 NOVEMBER 2014 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR THE INSTALLATION OF INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVERS TABLE OF CONTENTS 355.01 SCOPE 355.02 REFERENCES

More information

Concrete pavers with sand filled joints. Bedding sand 1-1/2 in. (25-40 mm) thick

Concrete pavers with sand filled joints. Bedding sand 1-1/2 in. (25-40 mm) thick TECH SPEC N U M B E R 10 Application Guide for Interlocking Concrete Pavements This technical bulletin provides an overview of interlocking concrete pavements for a range of applicatons. The Interlocking

More information

The Residential Paving Collection

The Residential Paving Collection The Residential Paving Collection & Stonewash INSPIRING INNOVATION ave Helenastone The 400 x 400 x mm Residential Paving Collection Helenastone Helenastone is a large format paver available in the Stonewash

More information

Pavements Built for the Future

Pavements Built for the Future Pavements Built for the Future Main Street Warrenville, IL Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement Durable, Sustainable, Attractive Segmental paving dates back to the Roman Empire. Today s version is

More information

Improvement in CBR of Expansive Soil with Jute Fiber Reinforcement

Improvement in CBR of Expansive Soil with Jute Fiber Reinforcement Improvement in CBR of Expansive Soil with Jute Fiber Amit Kumar Singh (M.E. Geotechnical Engg.) R.K. Yadav (Associate Professor) Civil Engineering Department, Jabalpur Engineering College (JEC), Jabalpur,

More information

STS Directory Accreditation number: STS 0030

STS Directory Accreditation number: STS 0030 International standard: ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Swiss standard: SN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 BSL Baustofflabor AG Postgässli 23a 3661 Uetendorf Head: Felix Solcà Responsible for MS: Dr. Benjamin Kaeser Telephone:

More information

SUBGRADE IMPROVEMENT OF CLAYEY SOIL WITH THE USE OF GEOTEXTILES

SUBGRADE IMPROVEMENT OF CLAYEY SOIL WITH THE USE OF GEOTEXTILES SUBGRADE IMPROVEMENT OF CLAYEY SOIL WITH THE USE OF GEOTEXTILES 1 Soma Prashanth Kumar, 2 Mohammed Asif T L, 3 Mane S R Rohith 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, JBIET, Moinabad, (India)

More information

EFFECT OF COMPACTION ON THE UNSATURATED SHEAR STRENGTH OF A COMPACTED TILL

EFFECT OF COMPACTION ON THE UNSATURATED SHEAR STRENGTH OF A COMPACTED TILL EFFECT OF COMPACTION ON THE UNSATURATED SHEAR STRENGTH OF A COMPACTED TILL Vanapalli, S.K., Pufahl, D.E., and Fredlund, D.G. (University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK., Canada, S7N 5A9) Abstract An experimental

More information

Consolidation Stress Effect On Strength Of Lime Stabilized Soil

Consolidation Stress Effect On Strength Of Lime Stabilized Soil RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Consolidation Stress Effect On Strength Of Stabilized Soil K. Saranya*, Dr. M. Muttharam** *(Department of Civil Engineering, Research Scholar, Anna University, Chennai-25)

More information

Performance evaluation of coir geo-textiles as earth reinforcement in soil structures

Performance evaluation of coir geo-textiles as earth reinforcement in soil structures American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-issn : 2320-0847 p-issn : 2320-0936 Volume-1 pp-49-53 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access Performance evaluation of coir geo-textiles as earth reinforcement

More information

EFFECT OF RANDOM INCLUSION OF BAMBOO FIBERS ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF FLYASH TREATED BLACK COTTON SOIL

EFFECT OF RANDOM INCLUSION OF BAMBOO FIBERS ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF FLYASH TREATED BLACK COTTON SOIL International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2016, pp. 153 160, Article ID: IJCIET_07_05_017 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=5

More information

Behaviour of Black Cotton Soil Reinforced with Sisal Fibre

Behaviour of Black Cotton Soil Reinforced with Sisal Fibre 10th National Conference on Technological Trends (NCTT09) 6-7 Nov 2009 Behaviour of Black Cotton Soil Reinforced with Sisal Fibre Santhi Krishna K. M Tech Student Department of Civil Engineering College

More information

Effect of Admixtures on Strength and Compressibility Characteristics of Different Types of Soils

Effect of Admixtures on Strength and Compressibility Characteristics of Different Types of Soils Effect of Admixtures on Strength and Compressibility Characteristics of Different Types of Soils Deepika Bonagiri Research Scholar, M.Tech Geo-Technical Engineering, Malla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous),

More information

9 Steps to a Lasting Paver Installation

9 Steps to a Lasting Paver Installation 9 Steps to a Lasting Paver Installation A whitepaper listing the time-proven paver installation process for Connecticut and Southern New England By Tom Bahler Although this whitepaper is fairly long and

More information

Swelling Treatment By Using Sand for Tamia Swelling Soil

Swelling Treatment By Using Sand for Tamia Swelling Soil Swelling Treatment By Using Sand for Tamia Swelling Soil G. E. Abdelrahman 1, M. M. Shahien 2 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Cairo University-Fayoum Branch, Fayoum, Egypt 2 Department of Civil Engineering,

More information

Paving - 8 easy steps for DIY and professional landscapers

Paving - 8 easy steps for DIY and professional landscapers Pavers Victoria Paving - 8 easy steps for DIY and professional landscapers 18 Before you begin... These general instructions will allow an average home handyperson to design, plan and construct a path,

More information

INFILTRATION AND STRUCTURAL TESTS OF PERMEABLE ECO-PAVING

INFILTRATION AND STRUCTURAL TESTS OF PERMEABLE ECO-PAVING Pave Israel 96 INFILTRATION AND STRUCTURAL TESTS OF PERMEABLE ECO-PAVING B. Shackel, J.O. Kaligis. V. Muktlarto.Pamudji University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia SUMMARY This paper describes experimental

More information

Paving Systems Using Clay Pavers

Paving Systems Using Clay Pavers TECHNICAL NOTES on Brick Construction 14 12007 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 430, Reston, Virginia 20191 www.gobrick.com 703-620-0010 May 2017 Paving Systems Using Clay Pavers Abstract: This Technical Note

More information

Stability of Inclined Strip Anchors in Purely Cohesive Soil

Stability of Inclined Strip Anchors in Purely Cohesive Soil Stability of Inclined Strip Anchors in Purely Cohesive Soil R. S. Merifield 1 ; A. V. Lyamin 2 ; and S. W. Sloan 3 Abstract: Soil anchors are commonly used as foundation systems for structures requiring

More information

Construction of Interlocking Concrete Pavements

Construction of Interlocking Concrete Pavements Tech Spec 2 Construction of Interlocking Concrete Pavements Purpose This technical bulletin gives construction guidelines to design professionals and contractors of interlocking concrete pavements. The

More information

MECHANICAL STABILIZATION OF A DELTAIC CLAYEY SOIL USING CRUSHED WASTE PERIWINKLE SHELLS.

MECHANICAL STABILIZATION OF A DELTAIC CLAYEY SOIL USING CRUSHED WASTE PERIWINKLE SHELLS. Research article MECHANICAL STABILIZATION OF A DELTAIC CLAYEY SOIL USING CRUSHED WASTE PERIWINKLE SHELLS. George Rowland Otoko & Esenwa Ifechukwude Cynthia Civil Engineering Department, Rivers State University

More information

CURRENT USAGE OF INTERLOCKING PAVING IN AUSTRALIA

CURRENT USAGE OF INTERLOCKING PAVING IN AUSTRALIA WORKSHOP ON INTERLOCKING CONCRETE PAVEMENTS 5 CURRENT USAGE OF INTERLOCKING PAVING IN AUSTRALIA C.F. MORRISH, B.Se. (Eng.), M.I.E. Aust., -Chief, Information Division, Cement and Concrete Association of

More information

Experimental Study on Utilization of E -Waste in Cement Concrete

Experimental Study on Utilization of E -Waste in Cement Concrete The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES) ISSN (e): 2319 1813 ISSN (p): 23-19 1805 Pages PP 82-86 2018 Experimental Study on Utilization of E -Waste in Cement Concrete Sagar R. Raut,

More information

Paving Systems Using Clay Pavers on a Sand Setting Bed

Paving Systems Using Clay Pavers on a Sand Setting Bed TECHNICAL NOTES on Brick Construction 12007 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 430, Reston, Virginia 20191 www.gobrick.com 703-620-0010 14A May 2017 Paving Systems Using on a Abstract: This Technical Note describes

More information

Effect of Placement of Footing on Stability of Slope

Effect of Placement of Footing on Stability of Slope Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF) : 3.134 ISSN (Print) : 2348-6406 ISSN (Online): 2348-4470 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Effect of Placement of Footing

More information

Lightweight aggregates in Civil Engineering applications. Arnstein Watn Senior Scientist, SINTEF

Lightweight aggregates in Civil Engineering applications. Arnstein Watn Senior Scientist, SINTEF Lightweight aggregates in Civil Engineering applications Arnstein Watn Senior Scientist, SINTEF SINTEF Independent Multiscience Research Institute About 1800 employees Closely linked to the Universities

More information

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development. Soil Stabilization Using Terrazyme

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development. Soil Stabilization Using Terrazyme Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.14 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016 Soil Stabilization Using Terrazyme e-issn (O):

More information

PAVER BLOCK FIXING INSTRUCTIONS VYARA ROTATIONAL INTERLOCK

PAVER BLOCK FIXING INSTRUCTIONS VYARA ROTATIONAL INTERLOCK INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This manual is designed as a basic guide to be used by paver laying contractors. The format of the manual and much of the information contained herein are taken from the

More information

Te c h S p e c 3. Edge Restraints for Interlocking Concrete Pavements

Te c h S p e c 3. Edge Restraints for Interlocking Concrete Pavements Te c h S p e c 3 Edge Restraints for Interlocking Concrete Pavements Introduction Edge restraints are an essential component of interlocking concrete pavements. Restraints hold the pavers tightly together,

More information

A Study on Soil Stabilization of Clay Soil Using Flyash

A Study on Soil Stabilization of Clay Soil Using Flyash Volume 1, Issue 2, October-December, 2013, pp. 33-37, IASTER 2013 www.iaster.com, Online: 2347-2855, Print: 2347-8284 ABSTRACT A Study on Soil Stabilization of Clay Soil Using Flyash R. Saravanan*, Roopa

More information

Investigation on Engineering Properties of Soil-Mixtures Comprising of Expansive Soils and a Cohesive Non-Swelling Soil

Investigation on Engineering Properties of Soil-Mixtures Comprising of Expansive Soils and a Cohesive Non-Swelling Soil Investigation on Engineering Properties of Soil-Mixtures Comprising of Expansive Soils and a Cohesive Non-Swelling Soil Dr. Ch. Sudha Rani Dept. of Civil Engineering, S.V.U.College of Engineering, Tirupati,

More information

CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES

CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES PAVEMENT DESIGN D2 DESIGN GUIDELINES CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES D2 ISSUE: NO:3 September 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS CLAUSE CONTENTS PAGE GENERAL...

More information

The Concept. Features. Benefits

The Concept. Features. Benefits The Concept 02 The concept of Ecopave permeable paving is already well established in many countries where development threatens already over-stretched drainage and river systems. As more land is developed

More information

PULLOUT CAPACITY OF HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PLATE ANCHORS IN CLAYEY SOILS

PULLOUT CAPACITY OF HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PLATE ANCHORS IN CLAYEY SOILS PULLOUT CAPACITY OF HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PLATE ANCHORS IN CLAYEY SOILS BALESHWAR SINGH Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 78139, India

More information

EFFECT OF BOLT CONNECTION OF SQUARE-SHAPED GEOCELL MODEL ON PULLOUT TEST RESULTS

EFFECT OF BOLT CONNECTION OF SQUARE-SHAPED GEOCELL MODEL ON PULLOUT TEST RESULTS EFFECT OF BOLT CONNECTION OF SQUARE-SHAPED GEOCELL MODEL ON PULLOUT TEST RESULTS Zelong XU 1, Takashi KIYOTA 2, Sam Ronald OLOYA 3, Christian HAUSSNER 3 1 Ph. D. student, Institute of Industrial Science,

More information

EFFECT OF COIR GEOTEXTILE AS REINFORCEMENT ON THE LOAD SETTLEMENT CHARACHTERISTICS OF WEAK SUBGRADE

EFFECT OF COIR GEOTEXTILE AS REINFORCEMENT ON THE LOAD SETTLEMENT CHARACHTERISTICS OF WEAK SUBGRADE 6 th International Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Management 2015, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 11 th -13 th December 2015 SECM/15/109 EFFECT OF COIR GEOTEXTILE AS REINFORCEMENT ON THE LOAD

More information

BACK-TO-BASICS - MEASURING THE PROGRESS OF UNDERSTANDING OF OVER 35 YEARS OF THE USE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING IN THE UK

BACK-TO-BASICS - MEASURING THE PROGRESS OF UNDERSTANDING OF OVER 35 YEARS OF THE USE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING IN THE UK BACK-TO-BASICS - MEASURING THE PROGRESS OF UNDERSTANDING OF OVER 35 YEARS OF THE USE OF CONCRETE BLOCK PAVING IN THE UK DOWSON, Allan J., Dr. Allan Dowson Consulting, 41 The Grove, Hipperholme, Halifax,

More information

Improvement of Granular Subgrade Soil by Using Geotextile and Jute Fiber

Improvement of Granular Subgrade Soil by Using Geotextile and Jute Fiber International Journal of Science, Technology and Society 2015; 3(5): 230-235 Published online August 3, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijsts) doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20150305.12 ISSN: 2330-7412

More information

Stabilization of Clay Subgrade Soils for Pavements Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

Stabilization of Clay Subgrade Soils for Pavements Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag 7 IJEDR Volume, Issue 4 ISSN: 3-9939 Stabilization of Clay Subgrade Soils for Pavements Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Mubarak Mohammadia, Dr.H.M.Mallikarjuna 3 Aijaz Hussain PG Student, Structural

More information

Base resistance of individual piles in pile group

Base resistance of individual piles in pile group th WSEAS Int. Conf. on ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS and DEVELOPMENT, Tenerife, Spain, December 14-16, 27 111 Base resistance of individual piles in pile group MOHAMED M. SHAHIN Department of Civil Engineering

More information

A Study on Soil Stabilization using Cement and Coir Fibres

A Study on Soil Stabilization using Cement and Coir Fibres A Study on Soil Stabilization using ement and oir Fibres Deepakraja T.G 1, harumol.s 2 1 PG Student, Dept. of ivil Engineering, oimbatore Institute of Technology, oimbatore, India 2 PG Student, Dept. of

More information

Ground Improvement of Problematic Soft Soils Using Shredded Waste Tyre

Ground Improvement of Problematic Soft Soils Using Shredded Waste Tyre Ground Improvement of Problematic Soft Soils Using Shredded Waste Tyre N. N. Nik Daud 1*, Z. M. Yusoff 1, A. S. Muhammed 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,

More information

SOIL STABILISATION USING MARBLE DUST

SOIL STABILISATION USING MARBLE DUST International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 4, April 217, pp. 176-1713, Article ID: IJCIET_8_4_192 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=8&itype=4

More information

Behaviour of a Strip Footing on Compacted Pond Ash Reinforced with Coir Geotextiles

Behaviour of a Strip Footing on Compacted Pond Ash Reinforced with Coir Geotextiles Behaviour of a Strip Footing on Compacted Pond Ash Reinforced with Coir Geotextiles Dr. Goutam Kumar Pothal, Dr. G. Venkatappa Rao 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Indira Gandhi Institute

More information

An Experimental Study on Variation of Shear Strength for Layered Soils

An Experimental Study on Variation of Shear Strength for Layered Soils An Experimental Study on Variation of Shear Strength for Layered Soils Mr. Hemantkumar Ronad 1 DCE, M.Tech in Geotechnical Engg. Department of Civil Engineering 1, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot-587102.

More information

Soil Stabilization by using Plastic Waste

Soil Stabilization by using Plastic Waste Soil Stabilization by using Plastic Waste Arpitha G C 1, Dayanandha B V 2, Kiran kumar patil 3, Shruti Neeralagi 4 1 Head of the Department, 2,3,4 UG Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Amruta Institute

More information

EARTH STABILIZATION GEOSYNTHETIC SOLUTIONS

EARTH STABILIZATION GEOSYNTHETIC SOLUTIONS EARTH STABILIZATION GEOSYNTHETIC SOLUTIONS A FULL LINE OF GEOSYNTHETIC SOLUTIONS As one of the largest manufacturer of geosynthetics in the world, we are focused on providing superior performance every

More information

An Introduction to Soil Stabilization for Pavements

An Introduction to Soil Stabilization for Pavements An Introduction to Soil Stabilization for Pavements J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. Paul Guyer is a registered mechanical engineer, civil engineer, fire protection engineer and architect with over 35 years experience

More information

PILE FOUNDATIONS CONTENTS: 1.0 Introduction. 1.1 Choice of pile type Driven (displacement) piles Bored (replacement) piles. 2.

PILE FOUNDATIONS CONTENTS: 1.0 Introduction. 1.1 Choice of pile type Driven (displacement) piles Bored (replacement) piles. 2. PILE FOUNDATIONS CONTENTS: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Choice of pile type 1.1.1 Driven (displacement) piles 1.1.2 Bored (replacement) piles 2.0 Analysis 2.0.1 Driving formulae 2.0.2 Soil mechanics 2.1 Piles

More information

APPENDIX E COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS AND EQUIPMENT

APPENDIX E COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS AND EQUIPMENT APPENDIX E COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS AND EQUIPMENT When the Materials Division designs a pavement structure, there are a number of factors that influence it s outcome. Projected traffic counts, percentage

More information

1. Introduction. Abstract. Keywords: Liquid limit, plastic limit, fall cone, undrained shear strength, water content.

1. Introduction. Abstract. Keywords: Liquid limit, plastic limit, fall cone, undrained shear strength, water content. Comparison In Undrained Shear Strength Between Low And High Liquid Limit Soils Neelu Das *1, Binu Sarma 2, Shashikant Singh 3 and Bidyut Bikash Sutradhar 4 1( Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

More information

1 Introduction. 2 General Pile Analysis Features. 2.1 Pile Internal Forces and Displacements

1 Introduction. 2 General Pile Analysis Features. 2.1 Pile Internal Forces and Displacements RSPile version 1.0 RSPile is a general pile analysis software for analyzing driven pile installation, axially loaded piles and laterally loaded piles. It is capable of computing the axial capacity for

More information

Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements

Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements TECH SPEC NUMBER 11 Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements Mechanical installation originated in Germany and the Netherlands in the late 1970s. The growth of street, port, and airport

More information

Moisture Content Effect on Sliding Shear Test Parameters in Woven Geotextile Reinforced Pilani Soil

Moisture Content Effect on Sliding Shear Test Parameters in Woven Geotextile Reinforced Pilani Soil International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 2 Issue 8 ǁ August 2013 ǁ PP.10-15 Moisture Content Effect on Sliding Shear Test Parameters

More information

Full Scale Model Test of Soil Reinforcement on Soft Soil Deposition with Inclined Timber Pile

Full Scale Model Test of Soil Reinforcement on Soft Soil Deposition with Inclined Timber Pile Full Scale Model Test of Soil Reinforcement on Soft Soil Deposition with Inclined Timber Pile Suheriyatna 1, L. Samang 2, M. W. Tjaronge 3 and T. Harianto 4 1 Doctoral Student, Department of Civil Engineering,

More information

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 8, August ISSN

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 8, August ISSN International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 8, August-2013 7 Study on Influence of Coir Geotextile and Bitumen Content on Shear Resistance of Bituminous Overlays Loui.T.R

More information

DRIVABLE GRASS GUIDELINE FOR PLANTED INFILL INSTALLATION

DRIVABLE GRASS GUIDELINE FOR PLANTED INFILL INSTALLATION DRIVABLE GRASS GUIDELINE FOR PLANTED INFILL INSTALLATION Please read through this instruction completely before beginning your installation. Be sure the proper equipment, and safety precautions are in

More information

Soil-Structure Interaction of a Piled Raft Foundation in Clay a 3D Numerical Study

Soil-Structure Interaction of a Piled Raft Foundation in Clay a 3D Numerical Study 388 J. Eng. Technol. Sci., Vol. 48, No. 4, 2016, 388-407 Soil-Structure Interaction of a Piled Raft Foundation in Clay a 3D Numerical Study Endra Susila 1,* & Nita Anggraini 2 1 Geotechnical Engineering

More information

Effect of Woven Polyester Geotextile on the Strength of Black Cotton Soil

Effect of Woven Polyester Geotextile on the Strength of Black Cotton Soil Effect of Woven Polyester Geotextile on the Strength of Black Cotton Soil Rishi Srivastava 1, Shalinee Shukla 2, R.P. Tiwari 3, Ayush Mittal 4 P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, MNNIT Allahabad,

More information

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INDEX PROPERTIES OF BLACK COTTON SOIL STABILIZED WITH TERRASIL

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INDEX PROPERTIES OF BLACK COTTON SOIL STABILIZED WITH TERRASIL EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INDEX PROPERTIES OF BLACK COTTON SOIL STABILIZED WITH TERRASIL Ajay Kumar Pandagre 1, Rajesh Jain 2 1. M.E. (Geotechnical Engineering), 2 Associate Professor Civil Engineering Department,

More information

Soil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanadham Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture - 11 Compaction of Soils - 1

Soil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanadham Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture - 11 Compaction of Soils - 1 Soil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanadham Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture - 11 Compaction of Soils - 1 Welcome to Compaction of Soils Part 1. Compaction is

More information

Selkirk. Masonry. Landscape Product Guide. Picture depicts split face blocks. Landscaping Guide. What can. you build. Selkirk?

Selkirk. Masonry. Landscape Product Guide. Picture depicts split face blocks. Landscaping Guide. What can. you build. Selkirk? Selkirk Masonry Landscape Product Guide Picture depicts split face blocks What can you build with Selkirk? Landscaping Guide Sorrento Stone NEW Coastally Inspired, Sorrento Stone looks like its sounds

More information

Soil Stabilization by Groundnut Pulp and Coconut Pulp

Soil Stabilization by Groundnut Pulp and Coconut Pulp Soil Stabilization by Groundnut Pulp and Coconut Pulp Civil Engineering RGUKT, RK Valley ABSTRACT: Soil is a base of structure, which actually supports the structure from beneath and distributes the load

More information

Paper ID: GE-007. Shear Strength Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Clay Soil. M. R. Islam 1*, M.A. Hossen 2, M. A.Alam 2, and M. K.

Paper ID: GE-007. Shear Strength Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Clay Soil. M. R. Islam 1*, M.A. Hossen 2, M. A.Alam 2, and M. K. Paper ID: GE-7 International Conference on Recent Innovation in Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development (IICSD-2) Department of Civil Engineering DUET - Gazipur, Bangladesh 48 Shear Strength Characteristics

More information

REPORT ON EXCAVATION SURVEYS ON INTERLOCKING BLOCK PAVEMENTS WITH GEOTEXTILE

REPORT ON EXCAVATION SURVEYS ON INTERLOCKING BLOCK PAVEMENTS WITH GEOTEXTILE REPORT ON EXCAVATION SURVEYS ON INTERLOCKING BLOCK PAVEMENTS WITH GEOTEXTILE Ando, Y., Noda, E. and Yaginuma, H. Yutaka Ando, Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. Etsuro Noda, Nippon Road Co., Ltd. Hiroshi

More information

Masonry. Landscape Product Guide. what can you build with Selkirk?

Masonry. Landscape Product Guide. what can you build with Selkirk? Masonry Landscape Product Guide what can you build with Selkirk? Sorrento Stone Coastally inspired Sorrento Stone looks like it sounds. Richly textured for less slip resistance resulting in a stunning

More information

Tech Spec 11. Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements

Tech Spec 11. Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements Tech Spec 11 Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements Mechanical installation originated in Germany and the Netherlands in the late 1970s. The growth of street, port, and airport projects

More information

HORSE STABLE USING AZEK PAVERS.

HORSE STABLE USING AZEK PAVERS. HORSE STABLE USING AZEK PAVERS When choosing a new floor for their horse stable these horse owners understood that the most common horse stable surfaces such as concrete, dirt, clay or aggregate (loose

More information

Comprehensive Material Characterizations for a Pavement Embankment Installed with Wicking Fabric

Comprehensive Material Characterizations for a Pavement Embankment Installed with Wicking Fabric Comprehensive Material Characterizations for a Pavement Embankment Installed with Wicking Fabric Chuang Lin Ph.D. Student Xiong Zhang Associate Professor University of Alaska Fairbanks Jie Han Professor

More information

Permeable Paving. Sustainable Control Of Urban Storm Water Pollution. The volume of storm water being diverted to

Permeable Paving. Sustainable Control Of Urban Storm Water Pollution. The volume of storm water being diverted to permeable Solutionz The volume of storm water being diverted to Permeable Solutionz provides a unique and outfall is increasingly burdening our current economical solution through our porous, storm water

More information