Transport & Mobility and Citizen Engagement Carolina Zabas Roelandt

Transcription

1 Transport & Mobility and Citizen Engagement Carolina Zabas Roelandt Credit: Press-Office City of Münster, Germany As individuals, we can all make a difference, so please do not give up.

2 Toronto, Canada Introduction Personal Bio Carolina Zabas Roelandt Haaltert, Belgium YES, I survived the Winter! Where the ROELANDT other part of me is Toronto, Canada Alicante, Spain Where I live now Where ZABAS I was born

3 Amsterdam, The Netherlands Introduction Carolina Zabas Roelandt Mexico City, Mexico M.Sc. Thesis? Madrid, Spain Lived Frankfurt, Germany Ahmedabad, India Exchange Student M. Architecture M.Sc. Urban Agglomerations Source: Amsterdam Image - ARCHITECT? URBANIST? Working with Dr. Jeffrey Kenworthy to update a large international database called The Millennium Database for Sustainable Transport, originally published by the UITP in Brussels.

4 Data Collection CanU7 Who came to the CanU7 by plane? Have you used disposable cups and glasses during the CanU7?

5 Data Collection CanU7 How sustainable can we really be? Do we know how much energy we are consuming? Do we have the right data to know how to reduce our urban footprint?

6 Transport and Mobility Information Nutrients Source: Ants empire Source: Source: The land use and urban form of cities are [ ] fundamentally shaped by priorities in transportation. Those priorities are influenced by many economic, social, and political factors, but the essential character of a city s land use comes down to how it manages its transportation. [ ] If attempts are made to address these issues without dealing with crucial underlying transportation issues, then we are largely just whistling in the wind - Newman and Kenworthy (1999), Sustainability and (p.xiii-xiv)

7 Source: Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. The Problems of Automobile Dependence, Lecture 4. Social Problems Automobile Dependence Loss of Life & Eyes on the Street Loss of Public Safety Source: Haaltert en zijn deelgemeenten in oude en nieuwe foto's. Source: Access problems & Inequality Health Problems Source: Source:

8 Source: Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. The Problems of Automobile Dependence, Lecture 4. Economic Problems Automobile Dependence High Infrastructure Costs Loss of Urban & Agricultural Land What to do with the Gardiner Expressway in Toronto? Source: Gardiner Expressway now open after maintenance repairs. Source: Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. Sustainable Transport, Lecture 2, p.50 Transport Accidents and Deaths Health Costs Source: Source:

9 Source: Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. The Problems of Automobile Dependence, Lecture 4. Environmental Problems Automobile Dependence Urban Sprawls Photochemical Smog Source: Source: Stormwater Problems Traffic Problems Exercise and create a temporary-community! Source: Source:

10 Automobile Dependence Why would be use cars then? Source:

11 Challenges Transport and Mobility Let s do an experiment! Between 1995/6 and 2005/6 has urban density increased are there more private cars and motorcycles do people travel more by private car do people travel more by public transport are there more highways per person

12 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) US Canadian Australian European Asian Atlanta Chicago Denver Houston Los Angeles New Orleans New York Phoenix Portland San Diego San Francisco Seattle Washington Calgary Montreal Ottawa Toronto Vancouver Brisbane Melbourne Perth Sydney Berlin Berne Brussels Copenhagen Düsseldorf Frankfurt Geneva Graz Hamburg Helsinki London Madrid Manchester Munich Oslo Prague Stockholm Stuttgart Vienna Zurich Hong Kong Singapore

13 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) Urban density (persons/ha), 1995/1996 and 2005/ US Canadian Australian European Singapore / Hong Kong 1995 / / 2006 Source: Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. Sustainable Transport, Lecture 2.

14 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) Cars and Motorcycles per 1000 persons, 1995/1996 and 2005/ US Canadian Australian European 1995 / 1996 Cars 1995 / 1996 Motorcycles 2005 / 2006 Cars 2005 / 2006 Motorcycles Singapore / Hong Kong

15 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) 20,000 18,000 18,155 Passenger car kilometres per capita, 1995/1996 and 2005/ ,703 16,000 14,000 12,000 12,114 12,447 10,000 8,000 6,000 8,645 8,495 6,319 6,817 4,000 2,000 1,978 1,975 0 US Canadian Australian European Singapore / Hong Kong 1995 / / 2006

16 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) 4,000 3,500 3,000 Total public transport passenger kilometers per capita, 1995/1996 and 2005/2006 3,169 3,786 2,500 2,000 1,830 2,234 1,500 1, ,031 1, US Canadian Australian European Singapore / Hong Kong 1995 / / 2006

17 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) Length of freeway* per person (m/ person), 1995/1996 and 2005/ Calgary: to m/person (conversions in roads) US Canadian Australian European Singapore / Hong Kong 1995 / / 2006 * Freeways are roads that have no intersections, no traffic lights and no direct property access.

18 Challenges Transport and Mobility The Millennium Data Base for Sustainable Transport (Kenworthy and Laube, 2001) The End of Automobile Dependence (Newman and Kenworthy, 2015) Length of freeway* per person (m/ person), 1995/1996 and 2005/ Calgary: to m/person (conversions in roads) US Canadian Australian European Singapore / Hong Kong 1995 / / 2006 * Freeways are roads that have no intersections, no traffic lights and no direct property access.

19 Challenges Transport and Mobility Accurate perspectives [ ] can only be gained by collecting sound comparative urban data. Such data are not available off the shelf but must be carefully collected from many different sources. [ ] Everyone is an expert [ ] but impressions are frequently not correct. - Prof. Jeffrey Kenworthy, Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main. Sustainable Transport, Lecture 2. Source:

20 Challenges Transport and Mobility Is it possible to have a global entity that collects impartial data worldwide? Source:

21 Citizen Participation The idea of citizen participation is like eating spinach: no one is against it in principle because it is good for you. - Arnstein, Sherry R (1969) A Ladder of Citizen Participation

22 Citizen Participation The idea of citizen participation is like eating spinach: no one is against it in principle because it is good for you. - Arnstein, Sherry R (1969) A Ladder of Citizen Participation Source: Arnstein, Sherry R (1969), A Ladder of Citizen Participation.

23 Challenges and Problem-Solving Source: Arnstein, Sherry R (1969), A Ladder of Citizen Participation. Source: Source:

24 WHAT do I want to measure? Place Making Perceived service quality HOW do I transform the data into policies? M.Sc. WHY do I measure it? Customer Derived Satisfaction Index Improve customer satisfaction WHERE do I get the data from? WHOM will benefit from it? Current and potential users People and transport authorities

25 WHAT do I want to measure? Place Making TBD HOW do I transform the data into policies? WHY do I measure it? Customer Derived Satisfaction Index TBD WHERE do I get the data from? WHOM will benefit from it? TBD TBD

26 Place Making Link policies with public consultation Get best cost-benefit ratio Identify critical quality attributes INCREASE SERVICE QUALITY Increase customer satisfaction Improve public transport s public image Increase ridership and demand Change mode choice and travel behavior Unexpected benefits (i.e. user s ideas) Principle of Equity Low Satisfaction Rate Source:

27 Place Making Link policies with public consultation Get best cost-benefit ratio Identify critical quality attributes Increase customer satisfaction Improve cities public image Increase street life and security Place making Unexpected benefits (i.e. user s ideas) CREATE MEANINGFUL PLACES

28 Place Making Link policies with public consultation Identify critical quality attributes Who makes the decisions? Get best cost-benefit ratio How much power do we have, both as planners and citizens, in the decision making process? CREATE MEANINGFUL PLACES

29 Creating Meaningful Places Something to remember Spinach is good for you! Experts may help assemble data, specialists may organize it, professionals may offer theories to explain it. But none of these can substitute for each person s own leap into the dark, jumping in to draw his or her own conclusions. - Charles R. Wolfe, Urbanism Without Effort

30 Creating Meaningful Places Questions for CanU attendants Thank you! / Merci pour votre attention! How sustainable can we really be Do we know how much energy we are consuming Do we have the right data to know how to reduce our urban footprint Is it posible to have a global entity that collects impartial data worldwide Who makes the decisions, and how much power do we have, both as planners and citizens, in the decision making process Carolina Zabas Roelandt _ carolinazabas@gmail.com _ +1 (416) _