Green Infrastructure and the Urban Forest: Thinking Outside the Planter Box

Transcription

1 Green Infrastructure and the Urban Forest: Thinking Outside the Planter Box James DeRoussel RLA P r o g r a m M a n a g e r W a t e r s h e d M a n a g e m e n t G r o u p

2 Let s put a tree there!

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18 What is Green Infrastructure? WMG: constructed features that use living, natural systems to provide environmental services, such as capturing, cleaning and infiltrating stormwater; shading and cooling streets and buildings; and calming traffic.

19 What is Green Infrastructure? Low Impact Development (LID) Integrated Water Management Water Sensitive Urban Design Best Management Practices for Stormwater Quality (BMP s)

20 What is Green Infrastructure? Bioretention Traffic Chicanes Green Roofs Stormwater BMPs Permeable Paving Preservation of Natural Systems

21 Why Green Infrastructure? Environmental Benefits Flood Control Reduce Urban Heat Island Carbon Sequestration Water Quality Remove Pollutants

22 Source: EPA

23 Increased Runoff and Flooding

24 Increased Runoff and Flooding

25 Decreased groundwater recharge Source: Gelt, J. et al Water in the Tucson Area: Seeking Sustainability, Water Resources Research Center, The University of Arizona

26 Decreased groundwater recharge Santa Cruz Tucson, 1904

27 Decreased groundwater recharge Santa Cruz Tucson, 1981

28 Decreased groundwater recharge

29 Urban Heat Island

30 Urban Heat Island

31 Urban Heat Island

32 Urban Heat Island

33 Non-Point Source Pollution

34 Non-Point Source Pollution

35 Non-Point Source Pollution

36 Soils and Bioretention Source: Scheyer, 2005

37 Soils and Bioretention Source: Scheyer, 2005

38 Soils and Bioretention Source: Scheyer, 2005

39 Soils and Bioretention

40 Soils and Bioretention mg C/ g soil ug C/ g soil Labile Carbon Native Urban Rain garden Microbe Population Native Urban Rain garden % Organic Matter Native Urban Rain garden Source: Pavao-Zuckerman, 2013

41 Soils and Bioretention 1500 Activity in Response to Metals Addition 1000 µc g -1 d Source: EPA Native Urban Rain garden Source: Pavao-Zuckerman, 2013

42 Soils and Bioretention Source: EPA

43 Why Green Infrastructure? Environmental Benefits Flood Control Reduce Urban Heat Island Carbon Sequestration Water Quality Remove Pollutants

44 Gray Infrastructure vs. Green Infrastructure

45 Gray Infrastructure Alters pre-development hydrology: Increased runoff Remote, large scale retention/detention results in high maintenance and wasted space Decreased infiltration Downstream flooding Erosion/Sedimentation

46 Green Infrastructure Mimics pre-development hydrology: Local micro-retention Decreases runoff Increased infiltration and local soil moisture Reduced downstream flooding and erosion Reduced burden on public storm water systems Photo Credit: Rainwater Harvesting for Drylands and Beyond, Lancaster

47 Why Green Infrastructure? Environmental Benefits Flood Control Reduce Urban Heat Island Carbon Sequestration Water Quality Remove Pollutants Livability / Quality of Life Shade Traffic Calming Increased Property Values Crime Reduction Community Building

48 Functional Goals of Green Infrastructure Mimic Pre-Development Hydrology Reduce Flooding Reduce Flooding and Harvest Storm Increase Infiltration and Local Soil Moisture Support Urban Forest and Reduce Urban Heat Island Increase Livability of Cities! Decrease up-front and lifetime project costs Photo Credit: Rainwater Harvesting for Drylands and Beyond, Lancaster

49 Why Green Infrastructure? Environmental Benefits Flood Control Reduce Urban Heat Island Carbon Sequestration Water Quality Remove Pollutants Livability / Quality of Life Shade Traffic Calming Increased Property Values Crime Reduction Community Building Economic Benefits Reduce energy consumption Extend life of infrastructure Reduce cost of new construction

50 Costs of Green Infrastructure Retrofitting: G.I. retrofitting slightly more costly than rehabilitating of conventional infrastructure G.I. retrofitted incrementally can spread cost over long period of time Savings realized in long term operation and maintenance New Construction: G.I. often 10-20% less costly than conventional infrastructure G.I. less costly in lifetime operation and maintenance Secondary and trickle up economic benefits Redevelopment = Opportunity Source: Natural Resources Defense Council

51 Costs of Green Infrastructure Why GI/LID makes $ sense: Reduced street widths = less pavement, curb and gutter Bioretention = fewer costly detention basins = less piped conveyance = reduced burden on public stormwater system Reduced lot sizes = reduced grading and building prep = more lots available for sale Preserving natural systems = reduced landscape costs = increase property values Harvested Storm water = Reduced Irrigation Demand = Sustainable Urban Forest

52 Why Green Infrastructure? Environmental Benefits Flood Control Reduce Urban Heat Island Carbon Sequestration Water Quality Remove Pollutants Livability / Quality of Life Shade Traffic Calming Increased Property Values Crime Reduction Community Building Economic Benefits Reduce energy consumption Extend life of infrastructure Reduce cost of new construction

53 Tools for Green Infrastructure Curb Cuts

54 Tools for Green Infrastructure Curb Cores

55 Tools for Green Infrastructure Street-side Basins

56 Tools for Green Infrastructure Street-side Basins

57 Tools for Green Infrastructure Street-side Basins

58 Tools for Green Infrastructure Chicanes

59 Tools for Green Infrastructure Street-width reduction

60 Tools for Green Infrastructure Street-width reduction

61 Tools for Green Infrastructure Traffic Circles

62 Tools for Green Infrastructure

63 Tools for Green Infrastructure Pocket Parks

64 Tools for Green Infrastructure Pocket Parks

65 Tools for Green Infrastructure Pocket Parks

66 Tools for Green Infrastructure Pocket Parks

67 Tools for Green Infrastructure Pocket Parks

68 Tools for Green Infrastructure Parking Lot Retrofits

69 Tools for Green Infrastructure Parking Lot Retrofit

70 Tools for Green Infrastructure Parking Lot Retrofit

71 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention

72 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention

73 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention

74 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention

75 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention

76 Tools for Green Infrastructure Bioretention & Urban Forests

77 Best Practices Utility placement and setbacks Runoff Management Planting Right Plant, Right Place Overflow Sediment Management Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance!!!

78 Best Practices Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance!!!

79 Best Practices Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance!!!

80 Best Practices Maintenance, Maintenance, Maintenance!!!

81 Upcoming Retrofits Green Infrastructure Retrofits Tucson: Ward 1 Council Office April 24, 2013 /calendar-tucson

82 Upcoming Retrofits Green Infrastructure Retrofits Phoenix: Sky Harbor Neighborhood April 21, 2013 Roosevelt Row Neighborhood April 27, 2013 /calendar-phoenix

83 thank you! James DeRoussel RLA Program Manager Watershed Management Group