URPL-GP History and Theory of Planning

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1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY WAGNER SCHOOL OF PUBLIC SERVICE URPL-GP History and Theory of Planning John H. West Wednesday 6:45pm 8:25pm Spring, 2015 Location: Building 194M, Room 209 Office Hours: After class and by appointment. Contact: Introduction and Overview Planning as a state and civil society practice arose out of particular, international historical context. Since its inception, planning theory has reflected and sought to shape the circumstances in which it was created by regulating spatial development, especially in cities. Much like you will do in your careers, planning practitioners of the past sought to thread their work into the flow of ideas and worldly events, often with the goal of making cities more livable, environmentally sound, democratic and just. The aim of this class is for students to think deeply about the historical context of planning and its relevance to contemporary practice. To this end, the course material is presented chronologically, with texts that both describe planning in historical context and present the theories that planners drew on at particular moments. We will also trace how events outside of the control of planners like migration, economic crises and environmental degradation brought renewed challenges and unexpected consequences to the goals that planners sought. This course is structured to grapple deeply with the relationship between context, practice and theory through an international history of planning. We will explore the growth and institutionalization of planning, national planning and the post-world War II boom years, planning in response to the multiple crises of the 1970s, and the self-consciously globalized planning of the last 20 years. In each of these periods we will explore the realities planners were seeking to shape, what they were thinking about and what they were doing. Learning Goals & Objectives By the end of this course, you should be able to: Demonstrate a familiarity with urban planning history, Understand and be able to evaluate a variety of urban planning theories, Conduct research on a theoretical or historical topic of their choosing, Reflect on your identity as a planner within contemporary moment of urban planning practice. 1

2 Expectations and Requirements 1. Reading and active participation in seminar discussion [30%]. This is a graduate-level seminar, in which students share responsibilities with the instructor to actively participate in the teaching and learning that we accomplish in each class. Active participation requires: Regular class attendance Completing assigned readings in full in advance of each class. See below for information on purchasing texts and the course pack. Engaging in discussion speaking and listening with other seminar members in a respectful and constructive exchange of ideas 2. Completion of four written reflection papers (3-5 pages each) discussing and evaluating the weekly assigned readings [30%] You may select readings for any four weeks during the semester as the subject of your reflection papers. All reflection papers must be completed by the final day of class. Your essays should not merely summarize the readings. They should offer critical reflection of and engagement with the history and ideas presented in the texts. Reflection papers are due in hard copy at the beginning of the class session in which the readings are assigned and discussed. Late papers will not be accepted. 3. Submission of an page final research paper (10-12 pages) Select a topic covered over the course and examine it in greater depth. Your paper should draw on readings for that week. You should also go beyond the assigned readings drawing on sources that will add depth and evidence to support your argument. For example, if you select Week 4, on the Progressive Movement in planning, you should read the entirety of one of the books assigned, and bring in readings and articles that interest you on the topic to supplement what was presented in class. Paper Submission Instructions: All papers must be submitted in hard copy. They must be type written, in 12 point font and they must conform to professional standards of grammar, punctuation and citation format. Plagiarism and other academic integrity infractions will not be tolerated. Please see the following statement for more information: 2

3 Required Texts: The following required texts should be purchased by students. The course pack can be purchased at Advanced Copy Center at 552 LaGuardia Place. Rodgers, Daniel Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Beauregard, Robert When America Became Suburban: The Post-War Fate. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Scott, James Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press Jacobs, Jane The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, NY: Vintage Books. Sassen, Saskia The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Second Edition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press Optional Texts: Students have the option of purchasing the following texts: Polanyi, Karl The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon. Cronin, William Nature s Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. Hall, Peter Cities of Tomorrow. Third Edition. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Course Schedule: 1. January 28 Course Over View and A Look at the Distant Past 2. February 4 Capitalist Transformation & Responses 3. February 11 Capitalist Transformation & Responses 4. February 18 Institutionalization: Trans-Atlantic Progressivism & Cities 5. February 25 Institutionalization: New Deal & Rational Planning 6. March 4 Post-war: Decolonization, Nationalism & High Modernism 7. March 11 Post-war: Urban Renewal, Suburbanization & Migration March 17 Spring Break 8. March 25 Post-war: Change from the Bottom, Up 9. April 1 Global Urban Crisis: Unrest & Structural Readjustment 10. April 8 Crisis Responses: Critique of Capitalism & Activism 11. April 15 Crisis Responses: State Retreat, Equity & Neo-Pragmatist Planning 12. April 22 Crisis Responses: Post Modernism & Informality 13. April 29 Global Urbanism: Integration: Economy & Sustainability 14. May 6 Global Urbanism: Fracture: Inequality & Splintering May 11 Final Papers Due 3

4 Weekly Schedule of Readings: Week 1.Introductions, Course Over-view, and A Look at the Distant Past Week 2. Capitalist Transformation & Responses: Regulation, Utopianism & Boosterism a. Polanyi, Karl The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon., pps b. Sternberg, Ernest Justifying Public Intervention without Market Externalities: Karl Polanyi s Theory of Planning in Capitalism. Public Administration Review 53 (2): c. Benevolo, Leonardo The Origins of Modern Town Planning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. pps d. Cronin, William Nature s Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. pps , Week 3. Capitalist Transformation & Responses: Industrial, Colonial & Company Towns a. Hall, Peter Chapter Two: City of Dreadful Night Cities of Tomorrow. Third Edition. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pps b. Daphne, Spain Chapter Two: Why Cities Needed Saving, Chapter Seven: Men Build Chicago s Skyline, Women Redeem the City. In How Women Saved The City. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnessota Press. pps , c. Buder, Stanley The Model Town of Pullman: Town Planning and Social Control in the Gilded Age. AIP Journal 33 (1): d. King, Anthony Chapter Three: Incorporating the Periphery: Urban Planning in the Colonies. In Urbanism, Colonialism and the World-Economy. London: Routledge. pps Week 4. Institutionalization: Transatlantic Progressivism & Cities a. Rodgers, Daniel Atlantic Crossings: Social Politics in a Progressive Age. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pps b. Boyer, Christine, M Chapter 4: The Rise of the Planning Mentality. In Dreaming the Rational City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. pps Week 5. Institutionalization: New Deal & Rational Planning a. Graham, Otis Towards a Planned Society. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. pps b. Black, Alan The Chicago Area Transportation Study: A Case Study of Rational Planning. Journal Planning Education and Research 10 (27): c. Lindblom, Charles, E The Science of Muddling Through. Public Administration Review 19 (2):

5 Week 6. Post-war: Decolonization & International Fordism a. Cooper, Fredrick Chapter 3: Citizenship, Self-Government and Development: The Possibilities of the Postwar Moment, in Africa Since Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. pps b. Beauregard, Robert When America Became Suburban: The Post-War Fate. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. pps. xi 69, Week 7. Post-war: Urban Renewal and High Modernism a. Scott, James Chapter 4: The High Modernist City: An Experiment and a Critique, Chapter 7: Compulsory Villagization in Tanzania, in Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pps , b. Hall, Peter Chapter Seven: The City of Towers Cities of Tomorrow. Third Edition. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pps c. Video: Pruitt-Igoe Week 8. Post-war: Change from the Bottom, Up a. Jacobs, Jane The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, NY: Vintage Books. pps. 3-25, skim-222. b. Thomas, June Manning Planning History and the Black Urban Experience. Journal of Planning Education and Research 14 (1): c. Davidoff, Paul Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning. Journal of the American Institute of Planners 31(4) d. Arnstein, Sherry A Ladder of Citizen Participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35 (4): Week 9. Global Urban Crisis: Unrest & State Retreat a. Pritchett, Wendell Which Urban Crisis? Regionalism, Race and Urban Policy, Journal of Urban History 34 (2). pps b. Stein, Judith New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pps. TBD. Week 10. Crisis & Responses: Marxisim, & People s Movements a Readings in Planning theory (HT165.5.R ) Harvey, David Planning the Ideology of Planning. In Planning Theory in the 1980s, edited by Robert Burchell and George Sternlieb. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. b. Norman Fainstein and Susan Fainstein, "New Debates in Urban Planning: The Impact of Marxist Theory in the United States," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 3, 3 (1979): c. Goldstein, Brian Planning s End? Urban Renewal in New Haven, the Yale School of Art and Architecture, and the Fall of the New Deal Spatial Order. Journal of Urban History 37. d. Friere, Paulo Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York, NY: Continuum International. pps

6 Week 11. Crisis & Responses: State Retreat, Equity and Neo-Pragmatism a. Hoch, Charles Doing Good and Being Right: The Pragmatic Connection in Planning Theory. Journal of the American Planning Association 50 (3): b. John Forester, Planning in the Face of Conflict, Planning in the Face of Power. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989, pp c. Krumholz, Norman A Retrospective View of Equity Planning. Journal of the American Planning Association. 48 (2): d. DeFilippis, James Collective Ownership and Community Control. In Readings in Planning Theory, edited by Susan Fainstein and Scott Campbell, Third Edition, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. Week 12. Crisis & Responses: Ethics, Post-Modernism & Insurgent Histories a. Beauregard, Robert Without a Net: Modernist Planning and the Postmodern Abyss. Journal of Planning Education and Research 10 (3). b. Sandercock, Leonie Framing Insurgent Historiographies of Planning. In Making The Invisible Visible, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. c. Hibbard, Michael Tribal Sovereignty, the White Problem, and Reservation Planning. Journal of Planning History 5 (2): d. Corburn, Jason Bringing Local Knowledge Into Environmental Planning. Journal of Planning Education and Research 22 (4): Week 13. Global Urbanism: Integration: Economy, Technology & Sustainability a. Sassen, Saskia The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Second Edition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. TBD b. Manuel Castells The Network Society: From Knowledge to Policy in The Networked Society From Knowledge to Policy Center for Transatlantic Relations, pps c. TBD Week 14. Global Urbanism: Fracture: Inequality, Informality and Splintering a. Graham, Stephen, and Simon Marvin Splintering Urbanism. New York, NY: Routledge. pps. 8 16, b. Ananya Roy, Urban Informality: Toward an Epistemology of Planning, Journal of the American Planning Association 71/2 (2005): c. TBD 6

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