Impacts of Root Distribution and Root Water Uptake on Maize Water Use in Shallow Groundwater Agroecosystems
|
|
- Shawn Stephens
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Impacts of Root Distribution and Root Water Uptake on Maize Water Use in Shallow Groundwater Agroecosystems Evren Soylu, Steve Loheide, Chris Kucharik LimnoTech Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison
2 Background Plant roots connect the soil to the atmosphere through helping transport water and nutrients residing in the soil to the tissues of plants. Root depth and the vertical profile determines the distribution and amount of water uptake
3 Plant drought adaptation strategies Shorter Time Scale (~Weekly) Root water uptake (RWU) compensation Hydraulic redistribution Seasonal Time Scale Developing fine roots based on the moisture availability (adapting their Root Length Density RLD) RLD = the total length of root per unit volume of soil
4 Root Water Uptake Compensation Transpiration Root Water Uptake
5 195! Agro-IBIS-VSF 196! response to a shortage Root Water Uptake Compensation Transpiration 197! decline in the photosyn 232! So that the sink term Si for the compensated Root Biomass RWU appr 198! assumed to uptake wate Root Water 233! calculated as: Transpiration Uptake Water Uptake 199! experiencing any water Fraction 255! 255! 234! Sii == TT FFWSWS2i2i!!!!!! 200! Compensated RWU i=1 i=2 i=3!!!!!! over the rooting profile Integrated Water Stress 256!!is!the!water!uptake!fraction!for!a!giv WS2iis 235! where!f where FWS2i the water uptake for( Rai mgiven soil FWS = å 256! where!f 201! fraction WS2i!is!the!water!uptake!fraction!for!a i). i Ri m i Root Adaptability Ri m i 202!! Factor = F max F, F. 257! 257! 236! FWS 2i = 237! 258! Using this approach, the Full compensated RWU Using!this!approach,!the!compensated!RWU!mec 204! RWU processes into a i mechanism Dry stress Anoxia Transpiration 238! 259! moisture throughout the root allowing in plants to d 205!zone, calculation Agro-IBI soil!moisture!throughout!the!root!zone,!allowing 258! FWS 2i ( ( value!is less! If the F!WS Stress Factor )).!!!! FWS 2 ( max ( FWS,203! FC )) transpiration. Unlike th WS 2 WS C Zone Zone Zone Using!this!approach,!the!compensated!RWU!m Feddes et al., ! Dry soil regions. Wet accounts for wa 206! already 239! soil!moisture!throughout!the!root!zone,!allow stressed 260! from!the!less<stressed!soil!regions.!
6 Model Description AgroIBIS-VSF T soil, θ, h LAI & stomatal C.
7 The influence of groundwater on land-atmosphere interactions In Case 2, water table is at critical depth, where small changes in groundwater depth cause significant vertical redistribution of soil moisture resulting in changes of water and energy balance at the land surface Kollet & Maxwell 2008
8 Objectives Transpiration Net Primary Productivity RLD root length RWU compensation How are seasonal scale (root length) and short-term (compensation) plant adaptive strategies able to mitigate the adverse effects of plant water stress during dry years? How does maize utilize groundwater given varying water table depths and how is the groundwater contribution influenced by the RLD distribution and RWU compensation mechanism?
9 Photo courtesy of Arlington Agricultural Research Station Simulation Design 1. Corn with 3 root distribution for a continuum of water table depths 2. Hourly meteorological observations between from the Arlington Agricultural Research Station 3. Compensated and uncompensated RWU approaches were applied separately 4. Separate simulations by applying and removing the effect of oxygen stress
10 Transpiration [mm] Transpiration [mm] Water Table Depth and Plant Water Use 350 With Oxygen Stress Comp Uncomp Root length Deep 300 Comp Uncomp 250 Comp Uncomp Without Oxygen Stress Water Water table table depth depth [m] [m] Comp Uncomp Shallow Deep Case I Case II Case III Water table depth [m] Comp Uncomp Comp Uncomp Intermediate Intermediate Shallow
11 Daily net primary productivity time series for an extreme dry year (2012) DROUGHT Compensation increases productivity
12 Deep Roots Typical Roots Shallow Roots Daily net primary productivity time series for an extreme dry year DTWT is kept constant at 2m As the roots become deeper effects of compensation are delayed and reduced
13 NPP contribution from compensated RWU NPP increase (g C m -2 year -1 ) 100 Shallow-Rooted Plants 80 Intermediate-Rooted Plants Deep-Rooted Plants Growing Season Precipitation (mm) NPP compensatory RWU NPP uncompensatory RWU
14 Spatial and Temporal Distributions of RWU igure 6. Plots show total plant RWU time series (black bars on top of each color maps) nd color maps show plant RWU distributions over the top 2 m of the soil column for lants with shallow RLD when a) constant head lower boundary condition was kept onstant at 2 m, b) free drainage condition is applied, and for plants with deep RLD when ) constant head lower boundary condition was kept constant at 2 m, d) free drainage ondition is applied for the year Groundwater at 2m has subtle effects on root water uptake in the top 50 cm RWU is better distributed across the domain when roots are deep and is less sensitive to drought
15 The groundwater subsidy decreases as roots become deeper because the deep rooted plants have access to more sufficient soil water even in the absence of shallow groundwater Influence of Root Depth and Compensation on Groundwater Subsidy to Transpiration Groundwater subsidy is additional water available for transpiration from shallow groundwater (Lowry and Loheide, 2010)
16 Summary & Conclusions Strength of the relationship between groundwater depth and plant water usage in the critical water table depth range is controlled by plant root structure and RWU strategies. The negative impact of drought on plants lessens as RLD becomes deeper Shallow rooted plants are more vulnerable to dry periods and their benefit is greater when GW is shallow The mean additional net carbon amounts that are fixed due to the compensated RWU approach were 5.1%, 5.5%, and 1.2% for the plants with shallow, typical and deep RLD, respectively.
17 Implications: Shallow groundwater exists globally Shallow groundwater is neglected in GCMs used to predict climate change although it alters the land surface energy balance From Fan et al., 2013
18 Photo courtesy of Sam Zipper Acknowledgements This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under the Water Sustainability & Climate Program (Grant No. DEB ). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. We thank the Arlington Research Station for data used in validation and as climate drivers.
19 NPP contribution for compensated RWU NPP compensatory RWU NPP uncompansatory RWU
Evaluation of Compensated Root Water Uptake Pattern of Greenhouse Drip Irrigated Chile
Evaluation of Compensated Root Water Uptake Pattern of Greenhouse Drip Irrigated Chile Deb, S.K., *Shukla, M.K., Uchanski, M.E., and Bosland, P.W. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico
More informationCrop Management Details Start from Parameters settings Emergence Planting Seed brand: Settings Parameter settings Hybrid-specific Generic
2.3.4. Crop Management Details Start from: A Hybrid-Maize simulation can start from either planting or emergence. Make that choice and select the appropriate date from the month/date boxes on the right.
More informationEffect of Water and Nitrogen Stresses on Correlation among Winter Wheat Organs
Effect of Water and Nitrogen Stresses on Correlation among Winter Wheat Organs Zhou Xin-yang and Wang Yang-ren * Hydraulic Engineering Department, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China, 300384
More informationSoil Plant Water Relationships 1
Circular 1085 January 1993 Soil Plant Water Relationships 1 Dorota Z. Haman and Forrest T. Izuno 2 Florida is classified as having a humid subtropical climate. The average annual rainfall for most of Florida
More information0.40 Argent-Loblolly Pine. Clarksville-Shortleaf Pine 0.20 Dome-Ponderosa Pine Cohasset-Ponderosa Pine
2.00 1.80 1.60 1.40 Argent: R 2 = 0.50 Shoot Weight (g) 1.20 1.00 0.80 Clarksville:R 2 = 0.79 0.60 Dome: R 2 = 0.82 0.40 Argent-Loblolly Pine Cohasset: R 2 = 0.64 Clarksville-Shortleaf Pine 0.20 Dome-Ponderosa
More informationImproving Corn Water Use With Hybrid Selection: Trait evaluation for both dryland and limited irrigated systems
Improving Corn Water Use With Hybrid Selection: Trait evaluation for both dryland and limited irrigated systems 2018 TAWC Water College, Lubbock Texas Jourdan M. Bell Texas A&M AgriLife Extension and Research
More informationOptimization of Water and Nitrate Use Efficiencies for Almonds Under Micro Irrigation
Optimization of Water and Nitrate Use Efficiencies for Almonds Under Micro Irrigation Project No.: Project Leader: 10-HORT15-Hopmans Jan W Hopmans Department of Land, and, Air and Water Resources UC Davis
More informationPreserving Soils How can fertile soil be protected?
Activitydevelop Preserving Soils How can fertile soil be protected? Overview Students explore a map showing cropland density around the world. They discover how soil is formed and explore how plants get
More informationHigh frequency irrigations as means for reduction of pollution hazards to soil and water resources and enhancement of nutrients uptake by plants
High frequency irrigations as means for reduction of pollution hazards to soil and water resources and enhancement of nutrients uptake by plants Avner SILBER Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental
More informationLandscape-scale simulation for terrestrial population modelling and ERA
Landscape-scale simulation for terrestrial population modelling and ERA Bioscience Chris Topping Landscape scale mapping and modelling Meta-population models early 1990s Lidar terrain mapping Landscape
More informationSoil-atmosphere interaction in unsaturated cut slopes
Soil-atmosphere interaction in unsaturated cut slopes Aikaterini Tsiampousi 1, Lidija Zdravkovic 1 and David M. Potts 1 1 Imperial College London, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, SW7
More informationSUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Laboratory studies were conducted on clay, clay loam and sandy loam soils to study the effect of irrigation water qualities on hydraulic, dispersion and swelling properties. Twenty-seven
More informationCALCULATING THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATTER ON SOIL WATER, NUTRIENT AND CARBON STORAGE
ERIC CALCULATING THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATTER ON SOIL WATER, NUTRIENT AND CARBON STORAGE Brian Tunstall Abstract The benefits of increasing soil organic matter include carbon sequestration and an increase
More informationMicroirrigation of Young Blueberries in Florida 1
BULLETIN 301 Microirrigation of Young Blueberries in Florida 1 Dorota Z. Haman, Allen G. Smajstrla, Fedro S. Zazueta, Paul M. Lyrene, Robert T. Pritchard 2 Blueberry production shows great promise as a
More informationLecture 3: Soil Microclimatology
Lecture 3: Soil Microclimatology Introduction to Soils Heat Transfer Through Soils Water Transfer Through Soils What is a Soil? Soil is a complex mixture of mineral matter, organic matter and living organisms
More informationSoil Moisture Probe. Frizzell ltd. Owners Manual And Reference. Model SMP3A. frizzell ltd. Box 32 Kirwee Canterbury, 7543 New Zealand Ph:
Frizzell ltd Soil Moisture Probe Owners Manual And Reference Model SMP3A Copyright Frizzell Ltd. 2014 Rev III frizzell ltd. Box 32 Kirwee Canterbury, 7543 New Zealand Ph: 03 318 1333 Holding capacity and
More informationMeasurement and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from Urban Green Spaces in New York City
Measurement and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from Urban Green Spaces in New York City KIMBERLY DIGIOVANNI, FRANCO MONTALTO, STUART GAFFIN PHILADELPHIA LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER
More informationWise Watering Practices: Trees and Shrubs
Wise Watering Practices: Trees and Shrubs KATHY ZUZEK UMN EXTENSION, HORTICULTURE 1 WATERING ESTABLISHED TREES AND WATERING NEWLY PLANTED TREES AND Where to water How to water When to water How much water
More informationResearch Update. Maintaining plant visual appearance and vigor in the retail environment
January 15, #15.1 Research Update Seaweed Extract Drenches Increase Postharvest Drought Tolerance of Bedding Plants by Neil Mattson Maintaining plant visual appearance and vigor in the retail environment
More informationPerformance of an Improved Household Refrigerator/Freezer
Performance of an Improved Household Refrigerator/Freezer D. O. Ariyo Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Offa, Nigeria Y. L. Shuaib-Babata Department of Mechanical
More informationRoof Runoff Harvesting Benefits for Regional Conditions in Low Density and Medium Density Residential Areas. Leila Talebi 1 and Robert Pitt 2
Roof Runoff Harvesting Benefits for Regional Conditions in Low Density and Medium Density Residential Areas Leila Talebi 1 and Robert Pitt 2 1Graduate Student, Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental
More informationSmoke Layer Height and Heat Flow through a Door
Smoke Layer Height and Heat Flow through a Door 2018 Smoke Layer Height and Heat Flow through a Door In this tutorial you will simulate a growing fire in the corner of a 5m x 5m room. The room has a 1m
More informationAlbert R. Jarrett. Annual and Individual-Storm Green Roof Stormwater Response Models
Annual and Individual-Storm Green Roof Stormwater Response Models Albert R. Jarrett Professor of Agricultural Engineering Penn State University arj@psu.edu www.abe.psu.edu/fac/jarrett.html D. J. Beattie,
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF A SWAT-BASED SOIL PRODUCTIVITY INDEX
DEVELOPMENT OF A SWAT-BASED SOIL PRODUCTIVITY INDEX Roberto de J. López-Escudero 1 Jesus Uresti-Gil 1 Héctor D. Inurreta-Aguirre 1 Diana Uresti-Durán 1 1 Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales,
More informationPre-Stress Conditioning
Pre-Stress Conditioning Impact of Using Primo MAXX Plant Growth Regulator Pre-Stress Conditioning The purpose of pre-stress conditioning is to prepare turfgrass for extreme conditions before they develop.
More informationSoil, Water & Plant Relationships. Lecture note for Soil and Water Management Course Prepared by Dr ND Nang
Soil, Water & Plant Relationships Lecture note for Soil and Water Management Course Prepared by Dr ND Nang Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC) The SPAC is defined as the movement of water from the soil,
More informationINFLUENCE OF AGROFORESTRY BUFFERS ON ROOT LENGTH DENSITY AND SOIL WATER CONTENT. Harold E. Garrett Professor of Forestry
INFLUENCE OF AGROFORESTRY BUFFERS ON ROOT LENGTH DENSITY AND SOIL WATER CONTENT Ranjith P. Udawatta Stephen H. Anderson Research Associate Professor of Soil Science Harold E. Garrett Professor of Forestry
More informationBreeding Salt and Drought Tolerant Rootstocks. Andy Walker
Breeding Salt and Drought Tolerant Rootstocks Andy Walker Acknowledgements California Grape Rootstock Improvement Commission / California Grape Rootstock Research Foundation CDFA NT, FT, GV Improvement
More informationGCM (~100 km) UCM (~100 m) RCM (~10 km)
Urban climate projections for Central European cities and modelling tools for urban planning Maja Žuvela-Aloise NWP Applications, ZAMG, Vienna, Austria GCM (~100 km) UCM (~100 m) RCM (~10 km) Regional
More informationSoil Moisture Data Assimilation in Process Based Models
Soil Moisture Data Assimilation in Process Based Models Wade Crow, Rolf Reichle, John Bolten, and Iva Mladenova Emerging Technologies and Methods in Earth Observation for Agricultural Monitoring February
More informationPuricare s approach to Brackish Water Irrigation and Saline Soils
Puricare s approach to Brackish Water Irrigation and Saline Soils During dry summer months many farmers experience serious problems with the increased salinity of irrigation water due to more intensive
More informationA soil water and salt balance model
A soil water and salt balance model Reference Manual Version 5.0 June 02 Dirk RAES K.U.Leuven Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences Institute for Land and Water Management Vital Decosterstraat
More informationManaging Sa naging linity in Florida Citrus Brian Boman
Managing Salinity in Florida Citrus Brian Boman Salt Load in Water Trees receiving 40 gal/day of 2000 ppm water will receive 4¾ lb of salt per week 1.7 lb 2.1 lb Evaporation Pure water Salts accumulate
More information2/19/2016. Objectives. The Basis of Life. Previous Studies. Physical Properties DYNAMICS OF SOIL INFILTRATION RATES IN VARIOUS AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS
DYNAMICS OF SOIL INFILTRATION RATES IN VARIOUS AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS Landon Gibbs and I.P. Handayani Murray State University Hutson School of Agriculture The Basis of Life Soil provides the medium for plant
More informationAppendix D: Soil Depletion Model
D Appendix D The ET Pro 2 and other WeatherTRAK control products incorporate a soil depletion model that was developed by universities and is recognized by the Irrigation Association (IA). Definitions
More informationA new test procedure to measure the soil-water characteristic curves using a small-scale centrifuge
A new test procedure to measure the soil-water characteristic curves using a small-scale centrifuge R. M. Khanzode, Graduate Student, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, S7N 5A9 D.G. Fredlund,
More informationDROUGHT STRESS ON TURF. By R. E. Schmidt Associate Professor of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
DROUGHT STRESS ON TURF By R. E. Schmidt Associate Professor of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Drought is a water stress that di minishes plant turgor causing wilting (a symptom
More informationXVII th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR)
XVII th World Congress of the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) Hosted by the Canadian Society for Bioengineering (CSBE/SCGAB) Québec City, Canada June 13-17, 21
More informationTRANSMISSIVITY BEHAVIOR OF SHREDDED SCRAP TIRE DRAINAGE LAYER IN LANDFILL COVER SYSTEM *
TRANSMISSIVITY BEHAVIOR OF SHREDDED SCRAP TIRE DRAINAGE LAYER IN LANDFILL COVER SYSTEM * Krishna R. Reddy, Aravind Marella and Prasanth Ala University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil and Materials
More informationCENTER PIVOT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT FOR FORAGE PRODUCTION. W. Howard Neibling, Glenn E. Shewmaker, and Christi L. Falen 1 ABSTRACT
CENTER PIVOT DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT FOR FORAGE PRODUCTION W. Howard Neibling, Glenn E. Shewmaker, and Christi L. Falen 1 ABSTRACT Center pivots provide an energy and labor-saving, highly uniform method
More informationPrediction of Sweet Corn Seeds Field Emergence under Wet Soil Condition
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 227-231 (27) Prediction of Sweet Corn Seeds Field Emergence under Wet Soil Condition Vichai Wongvarodom* and Wikanate Rangsikansong ABSTRACT Field emergence prediction of
More informationConsequences of Landscape Patterns on Flows of Energy, Nutrients, Organisms
Consequences of Landscape Patterns on Flows of Energy, Nutrients, Organisms Consequences of Landscape Patterns on Flows of Energy, Nutrients, Organisms Questions: How does landscape structure influence
More informationInterception. Conceptual basis Importance Definition Canopy water balance Measurement Modeling. T. Giambelluca GEOG 405 University of Hawai i at Mānoa
Interception Conceptual basis Importance Definition Canopy water balance Measurement Modeling T. Giambelluca GEOG 405 University of Hawai i at Mānoa Conceptual Basis Before reaching the soil, much of the
More informationOptimizing the Water Relations of Cuttings During Propagation
Optimizing the Water Relations of Cuttings During Propagation Fred Davies Dept. of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, Texas So, How Do Cuttings Gain & Lose Water??? Water Water
More informationLand SAF LSA-SAF Evapotranspiration (ET) Product
Land SAF LSA-SAF Evapotranspiration (ET) Product Alirio Arboleda Budapest 25 April 2017 In collaboration with: Nicolas Ghilain and Françoise Gellens-Meulenberghs Royal Météorological Institute of Belgium
More informationBuilding your terrarium:
What is a Terrarium? A terrarium is a collection of small plants growing in a transparent, sealed container. A terrarium is a closed environment, and can actually be used to illustrate how an ecosystem
More informationSoil Properties That Distinguish Ecological Sites
Soil Properties That Distinguish Ecological Sites Mike Duniway USGS-Southwest Biological Science Center Canyonlands Research Station Moab, UT mduniway@usgs.gov Spokane, WA January 31, 2012 Ecological Sites
More informationSOIL MOISTURE MONITORING FOR EFFICIENT IRRIGATION OF ALFALFA
SOIL MOISTURE MONITORING FOR EFFICIENT IRRIGATION OF ALFALFA California Alfalfa & Grains Symposium Dec. 10-12, 2014 Long Beach, CA Daniele Zaccaria & Steve Orloff University of California - Cooperative
More informationCalculating crop evapotranspiration using a dual crop coefficient Part 3
Calculating crop evapotranspiration using a dual crop coefficient Part 3 By Pieter van Heerden and Isobel van der Stoep Introduction As discussed in part 2, the water used by a crop, or crop evapotranspiration
More informationDETECTION AND MONITORING OF ACTIVE FIRES USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES
DETECTION AND MONITORING OF ACTIVE FIRES USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES Source: Unknown n.d., http://www.hotrodsandclassics.net/featuredpictures/featurepictures2.htm. by Claire Riddell DETECTION AND MONITORING
More informationFertilization, Soils and Cultural Practices EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON SUGARCANE GROWTH. 2. BENEFITS DURING SUBSEQUENT DROUGHT
Fertilization, Soils and Cultural Practices EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON SUGARCANE GROWTH. 2. BENEFITS DURING SUBSEQUENT DROUGHT B. W. Eavis Ministry of Agriculture, Science and Technology Barbados ABSTRACT
More informationCMG GardenNotes #659 Understanding Tree Roots. Functions of Tree Roots. Support\anchorage
CMG GardenNotes #659 Understanding Tree Roots Outline: Functions of Tree Roots, page 1 Describing Tree Roots, page 2 Conditions That Can Adversely Affect Roots, page 4 Other Common Root Issues, page 5
More informationUsing and Breeding Drought Tolerant Grape Rootstocks. Andy Walker
Using and Breeding Drought Tolerant Grape Rootstocks Andy Walker awalker@ucdavis.edu Acknowledgements California Grape Rootstock Improvement Commission / California Grape Rootstock Research Foundation
More informationIRRIGATION AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN TREE FRUIT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS.
IRRIGATION AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN TREE FRUIT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS Neilsen, D 1, Neilsen, G 1, Forge T 1 denise.neilsen@agr.gc.ca 1 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, B.C. Canada KEYWORDS Irrigation
More informationSOME RESULTS ON WATER AND NUTRIENT CONSUMPTION OF A GREENHOUSE TOMATO CROP GROWN IN ROCKWOOL
SOME RESULTS ON WATER AND NUTRIENT CONSUMPTION OF A GREENHOUSE TOMATO CROP GROWN IN ROCKWOOL JEMAA R BOULARD T., BAILLE A. I.N.R.A., Unité de Bioclimatologie d'avignon 84914 Avignon Cedex 9 FRANCE. Abstract
More information6 MAJOR SOIL FACTORS CONSIDERED IN LAND EVALUATION
6 MAJOR SOIL FACTORS CONSIDERED IN LAND EVALUATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The selected major soil factors from the SDBm are soil organic matter content, ph, carbonate content, cation exchange capacity,
More informationMowing Height and Drought Effects on a Texas Bluegrass Hybrid Compared with Kentucky bluegrass
TITLE: OBJECTIVE: AUTHOR: SPONSORS: Mowing Height and Effects on a Texas Bluegrass Hybrid Compared with Kentucky bluegrass Evaluate the effects of mowing height and drought on the visual quality, photosynthesis,
More informationManagement & Preparation of Lawn Bowling Greens in Adverse Weather Conditions
Management & Preparation of Lawn Bowling Greens in Adverse Weather Conditions Overview 1. Insight into the challenges faced with managing Lawn Bowling Greens 2. Description of important aspects of maintenance
More informationWTFRC Project # AH A Penn State Project: WTFRC Soil Moisture 39E8
WTFRC Project # AH-02-206A Penn State Project: 404-66 WTFRC Soil Moisture 39E8 Project Title: Towards a better understanding of soil moisture deficits on shoot & root physiology Principal Investigator:
More informationA comparison of numerical algorithms in the analysis of pile reinforced slopes
175 A comparison of numerical algorithms in the analysis of pile reinforced slopes D. V. Griffiths 1, F. ASCE, Hang Lin 2 and Ping Cao 3 1 Division of Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado,
More informationAN ASSESSMENT OF STRENGHT PROPERTIES OF. Diti Hengchaovanich and Nimal S. Nilaweera 1
ANASSESSMENTOFSTRENGHTPROPERTIESOF VETIVERGRASSROOTSINRELATIONTOSLOPE STABILIZATION DitiHengchaovanichandNimalS.Nilaweera 1 Introduction Vetivergrass(Vetiveriazizanioides)hasbeenutilizedto reducesoilerosioninmanycountriesthroughouttheworldfora
More informationOptimization of Water and Nitrate Use Efficiencies for Almonds under Micro-Irrigation
Optimization of Water and Nitrate Use Efficiencies for Almonds under Micro-Irrigation Project No.: Project Leader: 13-PREC4-Hopmans Jan W. Hopmans Department of Land, and, Air and Water Resources UC Davis
More informationRoot traits behind major-effect drought-yield QTLs in rice
Colorado State Univ. Drought Symposium, 2012 Root traits behind major-effect drought-yield QTLs in rice Amelia Henry Rice root types Root hairs nodal Root anatomy lateral seminal IR64 Well-watered 12 days
More informationSeries: Irrigation of potatoes V. Scheduling aids Soil water content measurements. Article and photos: Prof Martin Steyn, University of Pretoria
Series: Irrigation of potatoes V. Scheduling aids Soil water content measurements Article and photos: Prof Martin Steyn, University of Pretoria In the previous article in this series atmospheric scheduling
More informationLet s Go to the Beach Evaluation and Modeling of a Coastal Community s Storm Drain System and Outfalls. Jeff Riling GHD November 2016
Let s Go to the Beach Evaluation and Modeling of a Coastal Community s Storm Drain System and Outfalls Jeff Riling GHD November 2016 Acknowledgments City of Rehoboth Beach Mayor Sam Cooper Sharon Lynn
More informationGVSU Sustainable Storm Water Initiative
GVSU Sustainable Storm Water Initiative MWEA Watershed Seminar Bath, MI December 5, 2013 Dr. Peter J. Wampler Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic
More informationImpacts of Porous Pavements on Soil Environment and Street Tree Growth. Justin Morgenroth New Zealand School of Forestry University of Canterbury
Impacts of Porous Pavements on Soil Environment and Street Tree Growth Justin Morgenroth New Zealand School of Forestry University of Canterbury Impervious Urban Surfaces Impervious Urban Surfaces Disrupt
More informationShades of Green: Using SWMM LID Controls to Simulate Green Infrastructure
15 Shades of Green: Using SWMM LID Controls to Simulate Green Infrastructure Matthew McCutcheon and Derek Wride Green infrastructure is increasingly being considered for application in urban storm water
More informationReinforcement for Slope
Laboratory Investigation of Vetiver er Root Reinforcement for Slope Protection Presented by Dr. Boonrat Lohwongwatana Faculty of Engineering, g, Chulalongkornorn University Co- o-authors: Suched Likitlersuang
More informationAutonomous irrigation of Olive
Olive trees are rain-fed or irrigated. The fruit is pickled or extracted for oil. We carried out a detailed autonomous irrigation experiment of Manzanilo for 6 years and gained experience irrigating autonomously
More informationModified geotextile tube a new geotextile tube for optimized retaining efficiency and dewatering rate
Modified geotextile tube a new geotextile tube for optimized retaining efficiency and dewatering rate Hyeong-Joo Kim 1), Tae-Woong Park 2), Sung-Gil Moon 3), Hyeong-Soo Kim 4), Ri Zhang 5), and *Peter
More informationDeveloping a Model Irrigation Dissemination Program for Homeowners
Developing a Model Irrigation Dissemination Program for Homeowners Charles Swanson, Extension Program Specialist-Landscape Irrigation Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service 2117 TAMU, College Station, Texas
More informationEnvironmental Impact Assessment for Waterway Restoration Projects. Chris John, Technical Director Ecus Ltd.
Environmental Impact Assessment for Waterway Restoration Projects Chris John, Technical Director Ecus Ltd. Environmental Impact Assessment for Waterway Restoration Projects What is Environmental Impact
More informationMeasurement and modelling of a multifunctional solar plus heatpump system from Nilan. Experiences from one year of test operation.
Measurement and modelling of a multifunctional solar plus heatpump system from Nilan. Experiences from one year of test operation. Bengt Perers 1, Elsa Andersen 2, Simon Furbo 2, Ziqian Chen 2 and Agisilaos
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature25783 Supplementary note 1 Description of root functional traits (1) Root diameter (D) measures the width of an individual root. Diameter plays the key role
More informationSEASONAL CROP COEFFICIENT OF GERBERA SOILLESS CULTURE
SEASONAL CROP COEFFICIENT OF GERBERA SOILLESS CULTURE A. Papadopoulosl. E. Maloupa^. F. Papadopoulos^ 1. National Agricultural Research Foundation, Soil Science Institute, 541 10 Thessaloniki, Greece.
More informationSOLAR COMBISYSTEMS IN DENMARK - THE MOST COMMON SYSTEM DESIGNS
SOLAR COMBISYSTEMS IN DENMARK - THE MOST COMMON SYSTEM DESIGNS Klaus Ellehauge SolEnergi Center Danmark, Danish Technological Institute, Energy, Teknologiparken, DK-8 Aarhus C, Tel.: +45 722 137, Fax:
More informationManaging Soils in Rangelands. Jerry Daigle
Managing Soils in Rangelands Jerry Daigle State Soil Scientist Alexandria, LA What is Rangeland? Land on which the native vegetation is predominantly: grasses grass-like plants forbs shrubs Photo by Gary
More informationClemens Felsmann 1, Jean Lebrun 2, Vincent Lemort 2 and Aad Wijsman 3 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY
Eleventh International IBPSA Conference Glasgow, Scotland July 27-30, 2009 TESTING AND VALIDATION OF SIMULATION TOOLS OF HVAC MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT INCLUDING THEIR CONTROL STRATEGIES. PART II: VALIDATION
More informationChapter 2.2. Basic Soil-Plant Interactions. learning objectives
Basic Soil-Plant Interactions learning objectives Describe the process of cation exchange in soils and its implications for crop nutrition. Briefly explain the importance of soil organic matter for crop
More informationSHOOT GROWTH OF HASS AVOCADO TREES IN 'ON' AND 'OFF' FLOWERING YEARS IN THE WESTERN BAY OF PLENTY
: 4-48 SHOOT GROWTH OF HASS AVOCADO TREES IN 'ON' AND 'OFF' FLOWERING YEARS IN THE WESTERN BAY OF PLENTY J. Dixon Avocado Industry Council Ltd., P.O. Box 3267, Tauranga 30 Corresponding author: jonathandixon@nzavocado.co.nz
More informationManagement, 2nd Edition
Greenhouse Technology and Management, 2nd Edition Nicolas Castilla, PhD Research Coordinator, Department of Horticulture IFAPA (Institute for Agricultural Research and Training), Granada, Spain E-mail:
More informationUNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA WARNELL SCHOOL OF FOREST RESOURCES EXTENSION PUBLICATION FOR00-5 WEB Site =
Tree Root Growth Requirements by Dr. Kim D. Coder, University of Georgia July 2000 Roots utilize space in the soil. The more space controlled the more potential resources controlled. The volume of soil
More informationDenitrification and N 2 O production in subsoil in wheat-maize rotation field in North China Plain
Denitrification and N O production in subsoil in wheat-maize rotation field in North China Plain Yuming Zhang 1, Chunsheng Hu *,1, Oene Oenema, Bingzi Zhao 3, Wenxu Dong 1, Yuying Wang 1, Xiaoxin Li 1
More informationThe importance of hot water system design in the Passivhaus
The importance of hot water system design in the Passivhaus Alan Clarke, Nick Grant, Elemental Solutions, Withy Cottage, Little Hill, Orcop, Hereford, HR2 8SE, UK Tel: +44(0)1981 540728, e: nick@elementalsolutions.co.uk
More informationEvaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency:
Evaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency: Leachate chemical quality and cumulative biomass and flower yields Raúl I. Cabrera
More informationUnderstanding Water Use by Plants in a Cloche System - Gardening
Understanding Water Use by Plants in a Cloche System - Gardening Sam Angima Oregon State University Extension Newport Oregon What is a cloche? Cloche (pronounced klõsh) is a French word for a bell jar
More informationIdentifying the SIX Critical Control Points in High Tunnel Production
Identifying the SIX Critical Control Points in High Tunnel Production Terrance T. Nennich, Extension Professor Emeritus Vegetable and Small Fruit Production University of Minnesota Extension nenni001@umn.edu
More informationAgritechnica 2016 Soil Compaction in Grassland. John Maher Teagasc, Ireland
Agritechnica 2016 Soil Compaction in Grassland John Maher Teagasc, Ireland 600 mm 3000 mm 1300 mm Monthly Rainfall (mm) in Ireland Grazing Conservation Why Grazed Grass??? 285 Days of Feed Cost of feed
More informationSoil Issues in Urban Farming
Soil Issues in Urban Farming Stephanie Murphy, Ph.D. Director of Soil Testing Rutgers/NJAES Topics Soil quality Soil testing Risks posed to urban farmers/consumers high levels of lead Ways to mitigate
More information1. The Nature of Soils and Soil Fertility
1. The Nature of Soils and Soil Fertility The Ontario Soil Fertility Handbook contains information on the fundamental concepts of soil fertility. If you have ever wondered how nutrients make their way
More informationTracking spatiotemporal patterns of building vulnerabilities and evacuations during flood hazards
Tracking spatiotemporal patterns of building vulnerabilities and evacuations during flood hazards Shane Hubbard Junchuan Fan Kathleen Stewart Emily White The University of Wisconsin Madison, SSEC/CIMSS
More informationLABORATORY STUDY ON THE CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT OF CLAY-FILLED GEOTEXTILE TUBE AND BAGS
Journal of GeoEngineering, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. Chew 41-45, et al.: April Laboratory 2011 Study on the Consolidation Settlement of Clay-Filled Geotextile Tube and Bags 41 LABORATORY STUDY ON THE CONSOLIDATION
More informationFigure 1. Bioswale along roadside. Photo courtesy of CalTrans. Figure 2. Diagram of typical bioswale (adapted from UDFCD 1999)
Design Manual: Biological Filtration Canal (Bioswale) Dayna Yocum, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara Figure 1. Bioswale along roadside. Photo
More informationMovement of soil water- Infiltration, percolation, permeability Drainage -
Movement of soil water- Infiltration, percolation, permeability Drainage - Methods of determination of soil moisture Soil Water Movement i) Saturated Flow ii) Unsaturated Flow iii) Water Vapour Movement
More informationHow Lawns Grow- Growing Your Lawn and Not the Bay! Chuck Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension
How Lawns Grow- Growing Your Lawn and Not the Bay! Chuck Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension 301-590-2807 cfs@umd.edu You Are The Experts! Nothing has changed in the last 50 years
More informationCOMPARING AIR COOLER RATINGS PART 1: Not All Rating Methods are Created Equal
By Bruce I. Nelson, P.E., President, Colmac Coil Manufacturing, Inc. COMPARING AIR COOLER RATINGS PART 1: Not All Rating Methods are Created Equal Summary Refrigeration air coolers (evaporators) are widely
More informationEvery single drop: Utilizing deficit irrigation to managing warm-season turfgrass lawns. Jason K. Kruse University of Florida
Every single drop: Utilizing deficit irrigation to managing warm-season turfgrass lawns. Jason K. Kruse University of Florida Introduction Water is the most important environmental factor in establishing
More informationIdentification of key parameters on Soil Water Characteristic Curve
Identification of key parameters on Soil Water Characteristic Curve A.A. Heshmati 1, M.R. Motahari 2,* 1, 2 School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology P.O. Box 16765-163, Narmak,
More informationHow to Read the South Plains Evapotranspiration Information
How to Read the South Plains Evapotranspiration Information Climate and Evapotranspiration (ET) data for the South Plains ET Network are presented in two formats for the convenience of our users. A cumulative
More information