What You Need to Know About Refrigeration Systems

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "What You Need to Know About Refrigeration Systems"

Transcription

1 What You Need to Know About Refrigeration Systems August 26, 2014 Source: NREL

2 Meet Your Panelists: Mike Carter Sr. Engineer, CEM Justin Kale Certified Energy Manager Consumers Energy Subject Matter Experts: Steve Schouten, Corporate Account Manager, Business Customer Care David MacDonald, Marketing Manager, Consumers Energy Business Solutions 2

3 Table of Contents Cooling Basics Refrigeration Systems Energy Savings Controls Heat Recovery Advanced Technologies Source: EPA 3

4 Poll Question Which of the following do you believe is the MAIN issue for your refrigeration systems? a) Food quality b) Reduced maintenance costs c) Energy consumption d) Sustainability/environmental/carbon footprint e) Personnel and customer safety 4

5 Basics How is cold produced? Start by asking the following question: Have you boiled water? Then you place on a stove. and you add HEAT.. Water reaches 212f and starts Boiling Evaporator Steam forms liquid turns to vapor temperature remains constant for liquid and vapor 212⁰F 60⁰F 100⁰F 80⁰F 60⁰F 212⁰F 212⁰F You take water in a vessel.. How cold is it from the faucet/tap? What is the pressure over the water this whole time? Atmospheric Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 5

6 Basics How is cold produced? Evaporator All liquid has now changed to vapor; temperature stays the same until last drop of water has evaporated Additional heating turns vapor hot; vapor temperature now starts increasing Superheat Condenser Condensing Vapor turns to liquid; heat is given back Water reaches 212 and liquid starts cooling off 212⁰F 300⁰F 250⁰F 212⁰F 212⁰F 212⁰F 100⁰F 80⁰F 60⁰F Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 6

7 Basics Mechanical vapor compression cycle Compressor raises the refrigerant boiling temperature Refrigerant absorbs heat (changes from liquid to vapor) in evaporator coil Compressor raises temperature and pressure (changes refrigerant vapor back to liquid) Mechanical energy taken in, heat given off 7

8 Refrigeration Systems A functioning refrigeration system Works exactly like the system we saw on the previous chart Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 8

9 Refrigeration Systems Supermarket Racks Reach In Frozen Carbonated Beverage Ice Machine Walk In Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 9

10 Refrigeration Systems Air as a cooling media Blast freezer Source: Karachi - paratha import Spiral belt freezer Source: Comron International BV 10

11 Refrigeration Systems Contact freezing Plate freezer Source: IndiaMART InterMESH Ltd. 11

12 Refrigeration Industry Market Drivers Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 12

13 Refrigeration Systems Traditional direct expansion Baseline -5% to -15% energy consumption 45% to 50% less refrigerant Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 13

14 Refrigeration Systems Increasingly complex systems +5% to +15% energy consumption 35% to 45% less refrigerant Reduced leakage Less copper piping -10% to 0% energy consumption 45% to 55% less refrigerant 14

15 Refrigeration Systems Transcritical CO 2 booster system From -10% to +20% energy consumption 45% to 60% less refrigerant Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 15

16 Refrigeration Systems Transcritical CO 2 (R744) compressor Benefits Non-toxic Non-flammable Non-ozone-depleting Very low global warming potential Lower refrigerant cost Challenges Higher pressure required 400 to 1,600 psi compared to 5 to 350 psi for standard refrigerants (R404A And R410A) Less efficient at high ambient temperatures (>50 F) 20% to 50% percent higher capital costs Over 600 users worldwide Applications primarily in northern climates Technology improvements pushing applications further south Source: Emerson Climate Technologies 16

17 Energy Savings DX System Sensitivity Annual Analysis - Boston 370K Low Temp/1M Med Temp Load 17 Source: Emerson Climate Technologies

18 Poll Question Which of the following advanced refrigeration systems have you installed at your facility? Check all that apply. a) Distributed DX systems b) Secondary systems c) Cascade CO2 systems d) Transcritical CO2 systems 18

19 Energy Savings Walk-in refrigerator maintenance Check and replace door gaskets Keep clean and pliable Sweep gasket alignment can be adjusted Replace every three years Use infrared to check for air infiltration Adjust top and center door hinges (when applicable) Lubricate hinges annually Clean evaporator and condenser coils Keep air paths clear Keep evaporator drain lines open Check refrigerant charge 19

20 Energy Savings EISA 2007 amended EPCA 1975 requirements Energy efficiency of walk-in coolers and freezers Manufactured on or after January 1, 2009 Less than 3,000 ft 2 Door products Automatic door closers Firmly close all walk-in doors Air infiltration protection for open doors Transparent reach-in doors and windows Double-pane glass with heat-reflective treated glass AND gas fill (coolers) Triple-pane glass with either heat-reflective treated glass OR gas fill (freezers or coolers) ECM fan motors (< 1 HP) Efficiency standards based on annual walk-in energy factor (AWEF) Source: Kason Industries 20

21 Energy Savings Polarized refrigerant oil additives (PROA) Supplier claims Up to 30% energy reduction More-effective lubrication Improved heat transfer Independent testing showed no significant difference The Appliance Laboratory Florida Solar Energy Center - University of Central Florida Oak Ridge National Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Source: clker.com 21

22 Controls Floating head pressure controls Allow the compressor head pressure to vary with outdoor conditions (fall/winter) Condensing temperature allowed to fall from 90ºF to 95ºF down to 70ºF The compressor has to do less work at lower head pressures Reduces refrigerator compression ratios Improves system efficiency Helps extend the life of the compressor Often a standard feature on new systems Not usually used in conjunction with heat recovery Estimated 3% to 10% savings Source: David Wylie, P.E., ASW Engineering 22

23 Controls Thermal mass thermometers Supplier claims A reduction in compressor cycles 3 minutes on, 2 minutes off = 12 cycles per hour 8 minutes on, 7 minutes off = 4 cycles per hour 4 minute (10%) reduction per hour Heated defrosts are reduced or eliminated Extended equipment life Concerns Low-pressure control systems (deli/meat/fish cases) must be reconfigured to use this control method Air temperature swing is increased Source: Universal Master Products EndoCube 23

24 Controls Black box controllers Expands the window of acceptable temperature conditions Operates compressors when their suction pressures are highest (most efficient) ORNL and other third party test reports show savings Typically 8% to 10% energy savings Also reduces peak demand by 2% Source: Smartcool Systems Inc. 24

25 Controls Use hot gas defrost The evaporator becomes a condenser Latent heat generated from condensation of gas to liquid Increase defrost efficiency Minimize convective heat losses Shorten defrost duration Reduce number of defrosts per day Use dry air (-100ºF dew point) air purge to prevent coil icing, thus no defrost Use on-demand defrost Source: Professor Don J. Cleland, Massey University, NZ 25

26 Heat Recovery Superheat or heat of condensation heat recovery systems Series or parallel condensers Direct to water heater option Passes the refrigerant gas through a double-walled heat exchanger surrounding a water storage tank Heat is available only when the refrigeration system is in operation Grocery with 3 tons refrigeration (16 hr/day) and hot water at 80 gal/hr Potential water temperature rise of 40 F ROI is 60% for natural gas and 100% (1 yr payback) for electric water heaters Source: Sporlan Division of Parker Hannifin 26

27 Heat Recovery Therma-Stor and Mueller's Fre-Heater Passes the refrigerant gas through a double-walled heat exchanger surrounding the water storage tank to provide free hot water Source: Therma-Stor LLC 27

28 Heat Recovery KeepRite JUH Heat Reclaim Unit Heaters A three-way valve in the discharge line directs the refrigerant flow either to the outside condenser or to the heat reclaim unit 20 F to 50 F temperature rise Source: KeepRite Refrigeration 28

29 Heat Recovery 29

30 Heat Recovery Boiler cost savings estimate Energy saved = [110 gal/min x 60 min/hr x 90 F rise] x [8.34 lb/gal x 1Btu/lbF 0.80] = 6,100 kbtuh Boiler cost = [6,100 kbtuh x 5,840 hrs] x [1 therm/100kbtu x $0.90/therm] = $320,000 per year Heat pump cost estimate Heat pump cost = energy cost + demand charge = [228 kw x 5,840 hrs x $0.06/kWh] + [228 kw x $10/kW x 12 mth] = $80,000 + $27,000 = $107,000 per year 30

31 Heat Recovery Avoided boiler operating cost = $320,000 per year Heat pump operating cost = $107,000 per year Boiler savings of $210,000 per year, plus $83,000 Condenser annual water savings of 12 million gallons per year ($70,000) Reduced power draw on source refrigeration compressors (50-80 HP or $13,000) < 3-year payback Annual savings = $293,000 Estimated capital costs = $570,000 (equipment) + $200,000 (install) = $770,000 31

32 Advanced Technologies Source: Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. 32

33 Advanced Technologies Microchannel Heat Exchanger (MCHX) technology Improved heat transfer and thermal performance Increased coil and overall unit efficiencies Substantial refrigerant charge reduction More compact and reduced coil size Estimated 5% energy savings Source: Johnson Controls 33

34 Advanced Technologies Electronic expansion valves (EEV/EXV) Expansion valves control evaporator superheat Held constant by thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) Controlled by springs, bellows, and push rods Handles low load down to 50% Variable (lower) superheat by EXVs Better control of discharge air temperature Handles low load down to 5% EXV uses stepper motors 200 steps per second Benefits Up to 15% energy savings Best in cooler climates Sensors enable system diagnostics Compatible with multiple refrigerants Source: Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. 34

35 Poll Question How valuable has this Webinar been to you? a) Not valuable at all. The content was too technical and detailed for me to understand. b) Slightly valuable. It was worth attending, but I would not recommend it to anyone. c) Moderately valuable. Content was interesting and informative, but only increased my knowledge or comfort level with refrigeration systems a little. d) Very valuable. This was time well spent and I learned a lot. e) Extremely valuable. My knowledge of refrigeration systems has increased considerably. Would you like someone from Consumers Energy to follow up with you regarding today's webinar? 35

36 Advanced Technologies LED case lighting LED (20 watts) versus fluorescent (50 to 70 watts) Motion sensors reduce energy by another 25% The reduction on cooling load by LEDs represents about one-fourth of the total lighting energy savings 14 to 20 therms per year for a 5-door case Source: RPI Lighting Research Center 36

37 Advanced Technologies Vending machines NREL measurements Typical versus ENERGY STAR Capacity kwh/day Cost per Year ($0.09/kWh) ENERGY STAR $236 $ $253 $ $286 $172 Technologies Occupancy sensors (VendingMiser ) Compressor Front-panel lights Replace fluorescent with LED Reduced air conditioning load in summer 37

38 Energy Efficiency Incentives Consumers Energy has rebates for refrigeration upgrades Energy Efficient Ice Machine LED Lighting and control for Refrigeration Cases Floating Head Pressure Control Evaporator Fan Demand Control and ECM motors Anti-Sweat Heater Controls Night Covers Reach-In Refrigerated Case Doors Strip Curtains Door Gaskets Custom industrial refrigeration projects may be eligible for an audit incentive 38

39 Questions? 39 Resources For You Sign up for our FREE Solution Center enewsletter Ask an Expert Tools, calculators and energy-saving tips All available online Contact Us Website: Phone: (800)

Small Commercial Business Energy Audits. Recognizing and addressing the special requirements of the small business market segment.

Small Commercial Business Energy Audits. Recognizing and addressing the special requirements of the small business market segment. Small Commercial Business Energy Audits Recognizing and addressing the special requirements of the small business market segment. Class 7 Class 7: Refrigeration Fundamentals The Vapor-compression cycle

More information

Midwest Industrial Initiative Webinar: Industrial Refrigeration

Midwest Industrial Initiative Webinar: Industrial Refrigeration Midwest Industrial Initiative Webinar: Industrial Refrigeration Opportunities for Energy Efficiency and Cost Savings Thursday, June 6, 2013 www.kw-engineering.com Bryan Hackett, PE kw Engineering What

More information

PPL Electric Utilities Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program

PPL Electric Utilities Energy Efficiency and Conservation Program Installation of High-Efficiency High Efficiency Evaporator Fans Evaporator Fans That have Highfor Walk-ins Efficiency Permanent Split $50/fan motor Capacitor (PSC) Motor or ECM High Efficiency Compressors

More information

Business Energy Efficiency Incentives 2007

Business Energy Efficiency Incentives 2007 Business Energy Efficiency Incentives 2007 1 DSM s Energy & Environmental Impact since 1981 9,378,000,000 kwh 2 1 Year Round Savings on EnergyWise 2 Cars driven 12,000 Miles Progress Energy Growth Trend

More information

Thomas J Kelly. Fundamentals of Refrigeration. Sr. Engineering Instructor Carrier Corporation. August 20, Page number: 1.

Thomas J Kelly. Fundamentals of Refrigeration. Sr. Engineering Instructor Carrier Corporation. August 20, Page number: 1. Thomas J Kelly Sr. Engineering Instructor Carrier Corporation August 20, 2003 1 SESSION OBJECTIVES At the conclusion of this session you should be able to: 1. Describe the basics principles of refrigeration

More information

Understanding Head Pressure Control. Walter H Langille, M.A.Sc., P.Eng Sales Engineer KeepRite Refrigeration

Understanding Head Pressure Control. Walter H Langille, M.A.Sc., P.Eng Sales Engineer KeepRite Refrigeration Understanding Head Pressure Control Walter H Langille, M.A.Sc., P.Eng Sales Engineer KeepRite Refrigeration WE WILL LOOK AT: 1. Why We Need Head Pressure Control? 2. How Do We Control Head Pressure - Methods?

More information

25 Energy Saving Tips

25 Energy Saving Tips 25 Energy Saving Tips Easy Money Todd Bell, Victor Kong, & Richard Young Copyright 2010 Fisher Nickel. All Rights Reserved. Vern Smith Vernon.A.Smith@gmail.com 720-320-9154 The Food Service Technology

More information

2 Building Type. 3 Trade Ally/Contractor Information. Refrigeration Rebate Worksheet. Retrofit New Construction

2 Building Type. 3 Trade Ally/Contractor Information. Refrigeration Rebate Worksheet. Retrofit New Construction Refrigeration Rebate Worksheet Before you start Instructions: Complete all relevant information for your project. Include with completed final application package. All rebates are paid per unit and are

More information

Incentive & Measure Specifications

Incentive & Measure Specifications Incentive & Measure Specifications Commercial Energy Solutions EasySave Program Prescriptive Incentives RETROFIT LIGHTING Incandescent to LED Lighting T12/T8 Fluorescent Tubes to LED Tubes HID to LED Fixtures

More information

DTI Kenneth Bank Madsen Global Application Expert Food Retail

DTI Kenneth Bank Madsen Global Application Expert Food Retail DTI 08-11-2017 Kenneth Bank Madsen Global Application Expert Food Retail 1 Danfoss Cooling Danfoss Refrigerant Week Cool Tools Sept. 2017 Technology status Technology allows for world wide adoption of

More information

Math. The latent heat of fusion for water is 144 BTU s Per Lb. The latent heat of vaporization for water is 970 Btu s per Lb.

Math. The latent heat of fusion for water is 144 BTU s Per Lb. The latent heat of vaporization for water is 970 Btu s per Lb. HVAC Math The latent heat of fusion for water is 144 BTU s Per Lb. The latent heat of vaporization for water is 970 Btu s per Lb. Math F. to C. Conversion = (f-32)*(5/9) C. to F. Conversion = C * 9/5 +

More information

Energy Use in Refrigeration Systems

Energy Use in Refrigeration Systems 2012 Rocky Mountain ASHRAE Technical Conference Energy Use in Refrigeration Systems PRESENTED BY: Scott Martin, PE, LEED AP BD+C Objectives Understand mechanical refrigeration terms Describe how heat is

More information

at a glance Energy FinAnswer Case Study: Albertsons Energy FinAnswer is the best-run, best-delivered program we ve been involved with.

at a glance Energy FinAnswer Case Study: Albertsons Energy FinAnswer is the best-run, best-delivered program we ve been involved with. Energy FinAnswer Case Study: improved the efficiency of the entire store refrigeration system, saving energy in the compressor room (pictured above) as well as at the condensers and in the walk-ins and

More information

BASE LEVEL AUDIT REQUIREMENTS REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS 1. SITE DATA COLLECTION. Business Name. Site physical address (Street, Suburb, City)

BASE LEVEL AUDIT REQUIREMENTS REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS 1. SITE DATA COLLECTION. Business Name. Site physical address (Street, Suburb, City) BASE LEVEL AUDIT REQUIREMENTS REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS 1. SITE DATA COLLECTION Business Name Site physical address (Street, Suburb, City) Nature of site / business operation Electricity Supplier Power factor

More information

investment in R&D, the commitment to - name.

investment in R&D, the commitment to - name. The Hillphoenix name is synonymous with innovative, sustainable and extremely efficient refrigeration systems in a variety of business segments. While much of the company s reputation has been built as

More information

COMMERCIAL. Oregon Incentives

COMMERCIAL. Oregon Incentives COMMERCIAL Oregon Incentives SEE WHAT SAVING ENERGY AND MONEY CAN DO FOR YOUR BUSINESS. EXISTING BUILDINGS STANDARD INCENTIVES FOR OREGON BUSINESS CUSTOMERS EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2018 Contents 1 Standard Incentives

More information

Focus on Energy Business Programs Summary of Services and Incentives July 2009

Focus on Energy Business Programs Summary of Services and Incentives July 2009 Focus on Energy Business Programs Summary of Services and Incentives July 2009 OVERVIEW Focus on Energy Business Programs goals are to educate Wisconsin s farmers, businesses, industry, schools and local

More information

* Peak kw is determined by the average kw load reduction occurring between 1PM and 4PM on weekdays during June, July and August.

* Peak kw is determined by the average kw load reduction occurring between 1PM and 4PM on weekdays during June, July and August. overview Summary of Services & Incentives Effective through March 31, 2014 Last updated April 1, 2013 business programs The goal of the Focus on Energy Business Programs is to help Wisconsin s non-residential

More information

lmprovin Industrial Refrigeration -!nergy Efficiency

lmprovin Industrial Refrigeration -!nergy Efficiency lmprovin Industrial Refrigeration -!nergy Efficiency R efvigeration systems consume a large portion of the total energy used in food processing and food storage industries. There are a number of simple

More information

B. A. T. Basic Appliance Training

B. A. T. Basic Appliance Training B. A. T. Basic Appliance Training BASIC REFRIGERATION presented by Phil Whitehead Program Objective The objective of this program is to give you some of the basic elements that are essential to understanding

More information

COMMERCIAL ENERGY SAVINGS GUIDE

COMMERCIAL ENERGY SAVINGS GUIDE COMMERCIAL ENERGY SAVINGS GUIDE www.touchstoneenergy.com/bea www.touchstoneenergy.com/bea USING ENERGY MORE EFFICIENTLY IMPROVES YOUR BOTTOM LINE. Cooperatives and their commercial members share a common

More information

Refrigeration and. Modern. Air Conditioning. Bracciano, BS, M.Ed., Ed. Sp. Alfred F. Andrew D. Althouse, BS, (ME), MA. Carl H. Tumquist, BS, (ME), MA

Refrigeration and. Modern. Air Conditioning. Bracciano, BS, M.Ed., Ed. Sp. Alfred F. Andrew D. Althouse, BS, (ME), MA. Carl H. Tumquist, BS, (ME), MA Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning by Andrew D. Althouse, BS, (ME), MA Technical-Vocational Education Consultant Life Member, American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers

More information

REFRIGERATION CYCLE Principles of Mechanical Refrigeration Level 2: Cycle Analysis

REFRIGERATION CYCLE Principles of Mechanical Refrigeration Level 2: Cycle Analysis REFRIGERATION CYCLE Principles of Mechanical Refrigeration Level 2: Cycle Analysis Technical Development Program Technical Development Programs (TDP) are modules of technical training on HVAC theory, system

More information

SECTION 8 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS UNIT 43 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

SECTION 8 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS UNIT 43 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS SECTION 8 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS UNIT 43 AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS UNIT OBJECTIVES After studying this unit, the reader should be able to Describe the operation of reverse-cycle refrigeration (heat pumps) Explain

More information

Measure Guidelines. for EnergySmart Grocer (ESG)

Measure Guidelines. for EnergySmart Grocer (ESG) Measure Guidelines for EnergySmart Grocer (ESG) Measure Guidelines for EnergySmart Grocer (ESG) Table of Contents Page Cases 1. Low Open Case to New Reach-in..................................1 2. Medium

More information

Application and Installation Bulletin for Master-Bilt Refrigeration Superheat Controller Kit Assembly(A ), 120/208/240/1/60, R404A, LT/MT APPS

Application and Installation Bulletin for Master-Bilt Refrigeration Superheat Controller Kit Assembly(A ), 120/208/240/1/60, R404A, LT/MT APPS Application and Installation Bulletin for Master-Bilt Refrigeration Superheat Controller Kit Assembly(A900-22007), 120/208/240/1/60, R404A, LT/MT APPS Introduction The superheat controller is designed

More information

Centre for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration. Retail refrigeration. Judith Evans, Ed Hammond and Alan Foster London South Bank University

Centre for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration. Retail refrigeration. Judith Evans, Ed Hammond and Alan Foster London South Bank University Centre for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Retail refrigeration Judith Evans, Ed Hammond and Alan Foster London South Bank University Retail refrigeration Temperature control, carbon emissions increase

More information

IMPA Energy Efficiency Program

IMPA Energy Efficiency Program June 2016 IMPA Energy Efficiency Program tools and incentives for residential, commercial and industrial customers to reduce energy use and save money Reduce energy use. Save money. Earn incentives. The

More information

Transcritical CO2 Bottle Cooler Development

Transcritical CO2 Bottle Cooler Development Transcritical CO2 Bottle Cooler Development C. Rohrer Ingersoll Rand Climate Control, 12999 St. Charles Rock Rd. Bridgeton, MO, United States 314 298-4765, clay_rohrer@irco.com ABSTRACT This paper contains

More information

Campbell Soup Company Extends Use of CO2 Systems Into Their Operations

Campbell Soup Company Extends Use of CO2 Systems Into Their Operations Campbell Soup Company Extends Use of CO2 Systems Into Their Operations The Campbell Soup Company needed to expand their frozen operations at one of their Pepperidge Farm manufacturing plants in Pennsylvania

More information

KE2 EvaporatorEfficiency Theory of Operation

KE2 EvaporatorEfficiency Theory of Operation Theory T.1.1 June 011 TM thermsolutions ENTER BACK KE Therm Solutions, Advanced Energy Saving Technology for Commercial Refrigeration and AC Systems Page Table of Contents Basic Refrigeration System Evaporator

More information

CO2 Supermarket System

CO2 Supermarket System CO2 Supermarket System Case Study of a Green Chill Platinum Award- Winning Store Presented by: Jeff Newel Director of Research & Development Hillphoenix Systems Division Case Study of a Green Chill Platinum

More information

Sustainable Techniques in Refrigerated Space

Sustainable Techniques in Refrigerated Space Sustainable Techniques in Refrigerated Space Sustainability and high performance of refrigerated space used for the preservation of perishable product capitalizes on conservation techniques which reduce

More information

TrilliumSeries. Condenser

TrilliumSeries. Condenser TrilliumSeries Condenser TrilliumSeries Condenser The TrilliumSeries Condenser uses a patented Dry-Coil Adiabatic Design that saves energy, reduces refrigerant change, and lowers operating costs. The TrilliumSeries

More information

SUBCRITICAL & TRANSCRITICAL SYSTEMS

SUBCRITICAL & TRANSCRITICAL SYSTEMS R744 CO2 SYSTEMS SUBCRITICAL & TRANSCRITICAL SYSTEMS ORIGINAL MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT R744 CO2 Systems BA-508-3 AUS In 2004 BITZER Australia introduced the Enviro-Cold CO 2 System to the Australian Refrigeration

More information

Air Conditioning and process cooling Energy Components at a Glance

Air Conditioning and process cooling Energy Components at a Glance Energy Components at a Glance What is it? A means of providing cooling with mechanical refrigeration equipment. Where is it found? Chilled water is found in many plants, non-existent in others. Essential

More information

Efficiency: The Ultimate Renewable Resource

Efficiency: The Ultimate Renewable Resource Efficiency: The Ultimate Renewable Resource Michael Buck Operations and Program Manager Meals on Wheels People Mike.Buck@MOWP.org No Cost, Low Cost, and Energy Control Measures Lighting Heating / Cooling

More information

CO2 TRANSCRITICAL BOOSTER SYSTEMS

CO2 TRANSCRITICAL BOOSTER SYSTEMS CO2 TRANSCRITICAL BOOSTER SYSTEMS William Katz Sr. Technical Writer Hillphoenix 2016 Gees Mill Road Conyers, GA 30013 Tel: 678-613-9364 Email: william.katz@hillphoenix.com Refrigeration systems for supermarkets

More information

AIR CONDITIONING. Carrier Corporation 2002 Cat. No

AIR CONDITIONING. Carrier Corporation 2002 Cat. No AIR CONDITIONING Carrier Corporation 2002 Cat. No. 020-016 1. This refresher course covers topics contained in the AIR CONDITIONING specialty section of the North American Technician Excellence (NATE)

More information

PRICE CHOPPER SARATOGA, NY. First cascade supermarket system in North America Installed and Started March of 2008

PRICE CHOPPER SARATOGA, NY. First cascade supermarket system in North America Installed and Started March of 2008 PRICE CHOPPER SARATOGA, NY First cascade supermarket system in North America Installed and Started March of 2008 Why did we choose CO2? Meets Corporate sustainability initiatives Looking for ways to reduce

More information

Session: HVAC 101 HVAC 101. Steve Sain Sain Engineering Associates, Inc. August 9, Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

Session: HVAC 101 HVAC 101. Steve Sain Sain Engineering Associates, Inc. August 9, Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island Session: HVAC 101 HVAC 101 Steve Sain Sain Engineering Associates, Inc. August 9, 2016 Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island Why? 2 Acknowledgements 3 Disclaimer I m gonna shoot down

More information

PACKAGED REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT

PACKAGED REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT PACKAGED REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT BUYER S GUIDE WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN SELECTING LOW-CHARGE PACKAGED REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT for your facility 2 Packaged Refrigeration Equipment Buyer s Guide What to look

More information

Welkom. Optimalisatie CO2 systemen m.b.v. ejecteur

Welkom. Optimalisatie CO2 systemen m.b.v. ejecteur Welkom Optimalisatie CO2 systemen m.b.v. ejecteur 1 Danfoss Cooling Danfoss Refrigerant Week Cool Tools Sept. 2017 Today s speaker Kenneth Bank Madsen. Global Application Expert at Danfoss since 2008.

More information

SUMMARY OF SERVICES & INCENTIVES

SUMMARY OF SERVICES & INCENTIVES BUSINESS PROGRAMS 2016 SUMMARY OF SERVICES & INCENTIVES Effective through December 31, 2016 Last updated February 1, 2016 EFFICIENCY INCENTIVES SUMMARY The Focus on Energy Business Programs offer both

More information

Instructors: Contact information. Don Reynolds Doug McGee Factory Tech Support

Instructors: Contact information. Don Reynolds Doug McGee Factory Tech Support Contact information Instructors: Don Reynolds 616-560-9903 Doug McGee 517-294-3932 Factory Tech Support 888-593-9988 Product Improvements for 2017 Todays Objectives Job Site Information Sheets Low Ambient

More information

SDG&E s Business Energy Solutions Program 2018 Product Catalog

SDG&E s Business Energy Solutions Program 2018 Product Catalog SDG&E s Business Energy Solutions Program 2018 Product Catalog ID Product Unit LIGHTING LED Integral Lamp (Bulb) Cost Discount 463036 LED Candelabra 4W Lamp 13.00 13.00-463052 LED Globe 7.5W Lamp 15.00

More information

RDT Refrigeration Book

RDT Refrigeration Book RDT Refrigeration Book Indoor / Outdoor Air-Cooled Systems Indoor Air-Cooled Systems 1. Shorter line runs. 2. Systems located off roof or dock space. 3. Weather covers are not required (saves cost). 4.

More information

Fundamentals of Refrigeration p. 25 History and Fundamentals of Refrigeration Module p. 25 Development of Refrigeration p. 25 How a Mechanical

Fundamentals of Refrigeration p. 25 History and Fundamentals of Refrigeration Module p. 25 Development of Refrigeration p. 25 How a Mechanical Fundamentals of Refrigeration p. 25 History and Fundamentals of Refrigeration Module p. 25 Development of Refrigeration p. 25 How a Mechanical Refrigerator Operates p. 26 Color Coding System in This Text

More information

Use of transcritical CO 2 in industrial applications

Use of transcritical CO 2 in industrial applications Use of transcritical CO 2 in industrial applications Why CO 2 in industrial? Commercial needs customer needs it Customers want natural solutions (NH3 not always wanted) Customers want non-toxic solutions

More information

TrilliumSeries Condenser 1 TRILLIUMSERIES CONDENSER 10 ECOFLEX CONTROLS 11 SELECTION AND PAYBACK ANALYSIS SOFTWARE 3 BENEFITS 8 MODES OF OPERATION

TrilliumSeries Condenser 1 TRILLIUMSERIES CONDENSER 10 ECOFLEX CONTROLS 11 SELECTION AND PAYBACK ANALYSIS SOFTWARE 3 BENEFITS 8 MODES OF OPERATION TrilliumSeries Condenser T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1 TRILLIUMSERIES CONDENSER 3 BENEFITS 8 MODES OF OPERATION 9 ENGINEERING DATA 10 ECOFLEX CONTROLS 11 SELECTION AND PAYBACK ANALYSIS SOFTWARE 12 CO

More information

Section 1: Theory of Heat Unit 3: Refrigeration and Refrigerants

Section 1: Theory of Heat Unit 3: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Section 1: Theory of Heat Unit 3: Refrigeration and Refrigerants Unit Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Discuss applications for high-, medium-, and low temperature refrigeration.

More information

HFO-1234yf Performance in a Beverage Cooler

HFO-1234yf Performance in a Beverage Cooler 2422 Page 1 HFO-1234yf Performance in a Beverage Cooler Barbara MINOR 1 *, Carlos MONTOYA 2, Francisco Sandoval KASA 3 1 DuPont Fluoroproducts, Wilmington, DE, USA Phone: 302-999-2802, E-mail: barbara.h.minor@usa.dupont.com

More information

Emerging Technologies: VFDs for Condensers. Douglas T. Reindl Director, IRC University of Wisconsin-Madison. University of Wisconsin-Madison

Emerging Technologies: VFDs for Condensers. Douglas T. Reindl Director, IRC University of Wisconsin-Madison. University of Wisconsin-Madison Emerging Technologies: VFDs for Condensers Douglas T. Reindl Director, IRC University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Madison 1 We ve looked at VFDs on Evaporators and compressors, what is

More information

Pressure Enthalpy Charts

Pressure Enthalpy Charts Pressure Enthalpy Charts What is a p-h Diagram? A p-h diagram is a diagram with a vertical axis of absolute pressure and a horizontal axis of specific enthalpy. "Enthalpy is the amount of energy in a substance

More information

Chillers and Refrigerants. Purpose of Today s Presentation. Agenda. GLHN Architects & Engineers, Inc. APPA Institute Session 322 EU

Chillers and Refrigerants. Purpose of Today s Presentation. Agenda. GLHN Architects & Engineers, Inc. APPA Institute Session 322 EU Chillers and Refrigerants APPA Institute for Facilities Management Providence, RI September, 2017 1 Purpose of Today s Presentation To provide a broad understanding of chillers and central cooling systems

More information

next generation R 1 cycling refrigerated compressed air dryers flow capacity: scfm ( Nm 3 /hr)

next generation R 1 cycling refrigerated compressed air dryers flow capacity: scfm ( Nm 3 /hr) next generation R 1 cycling refrigerated compressed air dryers flow capacity: 20-2000 scfm (32-3210 Nm 3 /hr) cycling refrigerated compressed air dryers R 1 flow capacity: 20-2000 scfm (32-3210 Nm 3 /hr)

More information

DES MOINES PUBLIC SCHOOLS MADISON WALK-IN COOLER/FREEZER PROJECT. 806 E. Hoffman Street Des Moines, IA ADDENDUM NO.

DES MOINES PUBLIC SCHOOLS MADISON WALK-IN COOLER/FREEZER PROJECT. 806 E. Hoffman Street Des Moines, IA ADDENDUM NO. DES MOINES PUBLIC SCHOOLS MADISON WALK-IN COOLER/FREEZER PROJECT 806 E. Hoffman Street Des Moines, IA 50316 ADDENDUM NO. 1 April 3, 2017 Item 1: Item 2: Item 3: Item 4: See attached sketch showing the

More information

Condensers. motor watts may also be realized.

Condensers. motor watts may also be realized. Condensers The air cooled condenser is one of the 4 basic components of a the refrigeration cycle, yet over time its full potential and features have been stripped down to the basic function of rejecting

More information

Refrigerant & Energy Regulations Update

Refrigerant & Energy Regulations Update Refrigerant & Energy Regulations Update Focus on Refrigeration Applications Rajan Rajendran Emerson Climate Technologies Agenda A Quick History on Refrigerant Progression Environmental Protection Agency

More information

PARALLEL RACK SYSTEM INSTALLATION & OPERATIONS MANUAL With Master Rack Compressor Sequencer

PARALLEL RACK SYSTEM INSTALLATION & OPERATIONS MANUAL With Master Rack Compressor Sequencer PARALLEL RACK SYSTEM INSTALLATION & OPERATIONS MANUAL With Master Rack Compressor Sequencer 5/16 Rev. A 57-02509 2 Contents INTRODUCTION... 4 WARNING LABELS AND SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS... 5 PS SERIES PARALLEL

More information

Refrigeration Technology in Building Services Engineering

Refrigeration Technology in Building Services Engineering Unit 70: Unit code: T/600/0459 QCF Level: 3 Credit value: 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Unit aim Refrigeration Technology in Building Services Engineering This unit develops an understanding of the principles,

More information

A Complete Line Of Remote Rack Refrigeration Systems

A Complete Line Of Remote Rack Refrigeration Systems A Complete Line Of Remote Rack Refrigeration Systems Choosing The Right Rack Refrigeration System DRS Series Dual Compressor Systems For combination cooler/freezer walk-ins, DRS systems provide a hermetic

More information

Refrigerator and Air conditioner Testing in the Republic of Korea

Refrigerator and Air conditioner Testing in the Republic of Korea Refrigerator and Air conditioner Testing in the Republic of Korea Jun Y. Choi Korea Testing Lab. For presentation at the CLASP 2001 Asian Regional Conference Lessons Learned in Asia : Regional Conference

More information

Electrical Problems. Fuse(s) blow or circuit breaker trips. Does the unit use circuit breakers or fuses? Replace with correct fuse(s)

Electrical Problems. Fuse(s) blow or circuit breaker trips. Does the unit use circuit breakers or fuses? Replace with correct fuse(s) Electrical Problems Fuse(s) blow or circuit breaker trips Does the unit use circuit breakers or fuses? Fuse(s) Circuit breakers Are the fuses dual element time delay? Is the circuit breaker HACR rated?

More information

Heat Reclaim. Benefits,Methods, & Troubleshooting By Dave Demma, Manager Supermarket Sales, Sporlan Division - Parker Hannifin Corporation

Heat Reclaim. Benefits,Methods, & Troubleshooting By Dave Demma, Manager Supermarket Sales, Sporlan Division - Parker Hannifin Corporation Form 30-217 / January 2007 Heat Reclaim Benefits,Methods, & Troubleshooting By Dave Demma, Manager Supermarket Sales, Sporlan Division - Parker Hannifin Corporation While the vapor-compression cycle has

More information

Refrigerants Management & Retrofits. Mike Saunders & Randy Tebbe Emerson Climate Technologies

Refrigerants Management & Retrofits. Mike Saunders & Randy Tebbe Emerson Climate Technologies Refrigerants Management & Retrofits Mike Saunders & Randy Tebbe Emerson Climate Technologies Agenda Refrigerant Landscape and Proposed Regulation Review Life Cycle Climate Performance Refrigerant Phase-Down

More information

Environmentally friendly refrigeration systems for industrial use

Environmentally friendly refrigeration systems for industrial use compindustri Environmentally friendly refrigeration systems for industrial use CO ² refrigeration systems of the future GENERAL INFORMATION compindustri More than 10 years of development of refrigeration

More information

To accomplish this, the refrigerant fi tis pumped throughh aclosed looped pipe system.

To accomplish this, the refrigerant fi tis pumped throughh aclosed looped pipe system. Basics Refrigeration is the removal of heat from a material or space, so that it s temperature is lower than that of it s surroundings. When refrigerant absorbs the unwanted heat, this raises the refrigerant

More information

PRESSURE-ENTHALPY CHARTS AND THEIR USE By: Dr. Ralph C. Downing E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Freon Products Division

PRESSURE-ENTHALPY CHARTS AND THEIR USE By: Dr. Ralph C. Downing E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Freon Products Division INTRODUCTION PRESSURE-ENTHALPY CHARTS AND THEIR USE The refrigerant in a refrigeration system, regardless of type, is present in two different states. It is present as liquid and as vapor (or gas). During

More information

RSES SERVICE APPLICATION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS AUGUST 2016

RSES SERVICE APPLICATION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS AUGUST 2016 This Table of Contents lists the complete contents of the RSES s (SAM) issued to date. Section 1 Refrigeration 620-05 Principles of Refrigeration Part 1 620-06 Principles of Refrigeration Part 2 620-67

More information

ORTEC HIGH CAPACITY REFRIGERATED AIR/GAS DRYERS

ORTEC HIGH CAPACITY REFRIGERATED AIR/GAS DRYERS ORTEC Compressed Air, Gas & Fluid Technologies HIGH CAPACITY REFRIGERATED AIR/GAS DRYERS Energy Lean Planet Green Cycling and Non-Cycling Design Energy Efficient s Fluctuating and Intermittent Loads Capacity,0

More information

DEHUMIDIFICATION: Ice Arena Application & Product Guide. Design, construct and operate to control indoor humidity in ice rinks

DEHUMIDIFICATION: Ice Arena Application & Product Guide. Design, construct and operate to control indoor humidity in ice rinks DEHUMIDIFICATION: Ice Arena Application & Product Guide Design, construct and operate to control indoor humidity in ice rinks Munters is the world leader in dehumidification Munters is the largest manufacturer

More information

Low Charge ADX Ammonia. Presented by: Bruce Nelson, President, Colmac Coil Manufacturing Rick Watters, Vice President, AMS Mechanical Systems

Low Charge ADX Ammonia. Presented by: Bruce Nelson, President, Colmac Coil Manufacturing Rick Watters, Vice President, AMS Mechanical Systems Low Charge ADX Ammonia Presented by: Bruce Nelson, President, Colmac Coil Manufacturing Rick Watters, Vice President, AMS Mechanical Systems Background Why use ammonia? It s a natural refrigerant ODP =

More information

REFRIGERATION Open case to New Reach-in Low or Medium Temperature Low Temp Coffin to New High Efficiency Reach-In...

REFRIGERATION Open case to New Reach-in Low or Medium Temperature Low Temp Coffin to New High Efficiency Reach-In... Contents REFRIGERATION... 3 1. Open case to New Reach-in Low or Medium Temperature... 3 2. Low Temp Coffin to New High Efficiency Reach-In... 3 3. Low Temperature Reach-in to High Efficiency Reach-in...

More information

ABSTRACT. 2 CanmetENERGY

ABSTRACT. 2 CanmetENERGY ABSTRACT In spring 2004, Loblaw Companies Limited (Loblaw) decided to innovate at their new Loblaws supermarket in Repentigny (QC) by adopting refrigeration technologies and operating practices pioneered

More information

HVAC System Consideration$ 05/14/2012 SAVING MONEY IN HVAC SYSTEMS

HVAC System Consideration$ 05/14/2012 SAVING MONEY IN HVAC SYSTEMS SAVING MONEY IN HVAC SYSTEMS Rod Rhoads, GDS Associates Inc HVAC System Consideration$ What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? How much money do commercial facilities

More information

DAVE DEMMA REDUCING ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION

DAVE DEMMA REDUCING ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION BY DAVE DEMMA REDUCING ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION It is said that necessity becomes the mother of invention. As energy prices soared in the 1970s, supermarket owners sought ways to reduce their enormous utility

More information

1+ SEER. 25% COP boost possible. Most valves expand your refrigerant EcoFlow expands your options. with silent defrost.

1+ SEER. 25% COP boost possible. Most valves expand your refrigerant EcoFlow expands your options.   with silent defrost. MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE Most valves expand your refrigerant EcoFlow expands your options 25% COP boost possible with silent defrost. 1+ SEER energy savings Reduce energy consumption and increase

More information

commercial refrigeration products

commercial refrigeration products commercial refrigeration products Evaporators Condensing Units Condensers Air Handlers Fluid Coolers Coils NOTHING BEATS A BALLY Evaporators EC MOTORS Available Half Round Low velocity Two-way low profile

More information

AHRI Standard 1250P (I-P) 2009 Standard for Performance Rating of Walk-In Coolers and Freezers

AHRI Standard 1250P (I-P) 2009 Standard for Performance Rating of Walk-In Coolers and Freezers AHRI Standard 1250P (I-P) 2009 Standard for Performance Rating of Walk-In Coolers and Freezers - ERRATA SHEET FOR AHRI STANDARD 1250 (I-P)-2009, PERFORMANCE RATING OF WALK-IN COOLERS AND FREEZERS December

More information

HIGH-EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL SHEET

HIGH-EFFICIENCY EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL SHEET GENERAL INFORMATION SMECO's Business Solutions program is designed to help commercial and industrial customers maximize energy efficiency and manage energy costs. With cost-saving financial incentives

More information

FS 231: Final Exam (5-6-05) Part A (Closed Book): 60 points

FS 231: Final Exam (5-6-05) Part A (Closed Book): 60 points Name: Start time: End time: FS 231: Final Exam (5-6-05) Part A (Closed Book): 60 points 1. What are the units of the following quantities? (10 points) a. Enthalpy of a refrigerant b. Dryness fraction of

More information

EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVERS TO R404 THE MOST COMMON REFRIGERANT IN SWEDISH GROCERY STORES

EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVERS TO R404 THE MOST COMMON REFRIGERANT IN SWEDISH GROCERY STORES EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVERS TO R404 THE MOST COMMON REFRIGERANT IN SWEDISH GROCERY STORES Ola, Gustafsson M.Sc. a *, Lennart Rolfsman M.Sc. a, Sara Jensen B.Sc. a, Markus Lindahl M.Sc. a, a SP Technical

More information

Mechanical Systems Mechanical Systems

Mechanical Systems Mechanical Systems VING IMPRO ALLY NATUR Mechanical Systems 2017 Mechanical Systems E RMANC PERFO Content Rack Units Racks Units Opti OL Indoor Mini Compact OLtec EVO Maxi Compact Flexi Optivell Innovell Econvell Maxivell

More information

Recommendations to retrofit positive existing installations running with HFCs (R404A & R507) RETROFIT POSITIVE & MEDIUM REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS

Recommendations to retrofit positive existing installations running with HFCs (R404A & R507) RETROFIT POSITIVE & MEDIUM REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION RETROFIT POSITIVE & MEDIUM REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS www.tecumseh.com Recommendations to retrofit positive existing installations running with HFCs (R404A & R507) 1-HCFCs & HFCs Retrofit

More information

SECTION 5 COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION UNIT 21 EVAPORATORS AND THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM UNIT OBJECTIVES 3/22/2012 REFRIGERATION

SECTION 5 COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION UNIT 21 EVAPORATORS AND THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM UNIT OBJECTIVES 3/22/2012 REFRIGERATION SECTION 5 COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION UNIT 21 EVAPORATORS AND THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM UNIT OBJECTIVES After studying this unit, the reader should be able to Define high-, medium-, and low-temperature refrigeration.

More information

Evaporators. Direct Expansion Flooded Recirculated Over Feed

Evaporators. Direct Expansion Flooded Recirculated Over Feed Evaporators Purpose: Liquid Refrigerant is Boiled from a Low Pressure Liquid to a Low Pressure Gas by Absorbing Heat from the Medium that is being Cooled Types: Direct Expansion Flooded Recirculated Over

More information

A Technical Introduction to Cool Thermal Energy Storage Commercial Applications

A Technical Introduction to Cool Thermal Energy Storage Commercial Applications A Technical Introduction to Cool Thermal Energy Storage Commercial Applications Cool Thermal Energy Storage is a new application of an old idea that can cut air conditioning energy costs in half while

More information

Solar Hot Water Heating Systems

Solar Hot Water Heating Systems Solar Hot Water Heating Systems Courtesy of DOE/NREL PG&E Pacific Energy Center, San Francisco Energy Training Center, Stockton Instructor Pete Shoemaker PG&E Pacific Energy Center (415) 973-8850 pjsy@pge.com

More information

Purpose of Refrigeration

Purpose of Refrigeration Refrigeration Outline Purpose of refrigeration Examples and applications Choice of coolant and refrigerants Phase diagram of water and CO 2 Vapor compression refrigeration system Pressure-enthalpy diagram

More information

Product Offering for 2017

Product Offering for 2017 Product Offering for 2017 Accelera 220 E / 300 E Made in EU (Slovakia) 3.05 & 3.39 EF (COP) from Energy Star respectively Updated electronics Displays temperatures and current tank content in Fahrenheit

More information

Service Step by Step Trouble-Shooting Check-List

Service Step by Step Trouble-Shooting Check-List WARNING: Only Data Aire trained technician or experience technicians should be working on Data Aire Equipment. Protect yourself at all times and work safe. Date: Dates at the job site: From: to Job#: Serial#:

More information

If pre-approval is required - work with your Energy Advisor to obtain pre-approval prior to purchasing equipment.

If pre-approval is required - work with your Energy Advisor to obtain pre-approval prior to purchasing equipment. REMINDER! AGRICULTURE, SCHOOLS AND GOVERNMENT PROGRAM Submit your prescriptive application within 60 days of installation. OVERVIEW 2017 SUMMARY OF SERVICES AND INCENTIVES FOR AGRICULTURE, SCHOOLS AND

More information

AIM: TO STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION RIG.

AIM: TO STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION RIG. AIM: TO STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION RIG. Page1 CONTENT: 1. Product Description 2. Product Specifications 3. Operating Procedure 4. Observation Table 5. Calculations 6. Result Page2

More information

Application of a hybrid control of expansion valves to a 3-ton large room cooling system

Application of a hybrid control of expansion valves to a 3-ton large room cooling system 2123, Page 1 Application of a hybrid control of expansion valves to a 3-ton large room cooling system Christian K. Bach*, Eckhard A. Groll, James E. Braun Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Purdue University,

More information

DOE and EPA Impacts to Commercial Refrigeration

DOE and EPA Impacts to Commercial Refrigeration DOE and EPA Impacts to Commercial Refrigeration E360 Forum Chicago, IL October 5, 2017 Ani Jayanth Director, Product Marketing Emerson Disclaimer This presentation is intended to highlight changing developments

More information

Use this Construction/HVAC Glossary to answer the questions below.

Use this Construction/HVAC Glossary to answer the questions below. www.garyklinka.com Page 1 of 21 Instructions: 1. Print these pages. 2. Circle the correct answers and transfer to the answer sheet on the second last page. 3. Page down to the last page for the verification

More information

Optimal Use of Air Conditioner

Optimal Use of Air Conditioner Optimal Use of Air Conditioner May 2015 Introduction The electric power is the most important requirement of modern contemporary life. Advanced countries witness enormous progress in this area. The Kingdom

More information

Innovative Technologies [and Design Concepts] in Commercial Foodservice

Innovative Technologies [and Design Concepts] in Commercial Foodservice Innovative Technologies [and Design Concepts] in Commercial Foodservice Don Fisher, P. Eng. Fisher Consultants PG&E Food Service Technology Center 925-866-5770 dfisher@fishnick.com Food Service Technology

More information

Adaptable in Adelaide

Adaptable in Adelaide Rand Refrigerated Logistics new $35 million cold storage distribution centre runs an ammonia system. Adaptable in Adelaide A new cold storage distribution centre in South Australia s capital has been designed

More information