Massachusetts Energy Code Compliance Support Commercial Energy Code Building Mechanical & Service Water Heating Provisions

Transcription

1 Massachusetts Energy Code Compliance Support 2015 Commercial Energy Code Building Mechanical & Service Water Heating Provisions

2 Codes and Standards Initiative - Sponsors

3 Your Instructor Stephen Turner is President of Stephen Turner Inc., a 17 member commissioning firm which works extensively for universities and municipalities in high performance and large, complex buildings Stephen is Chair of the Rhode Island energy code sub-committee and sits on the building code and appeals board as well as the rehabilitation code board (for adaptive reuse of historic buildings) 3

4 Who is Mass Save? Mass Save is an initiative sponsored by Massachusetts gas and electric utilities and energy efficiency service providers, including Columbia Gas of Massachusetts, The Berkshire Gas Company, Cape Light Compact, National Grid, Liberty Utilities, Eversource and Unitil. The Sponsors of Mass Save work closely with the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources to provide a wide range of services, incentives, trainings, and information promoting energy efficiency that help residents and businesses manage energy use and related costs. 4

5 Residential and Commercial Offers Residential New Construction Low-Rise New Construction Performance Path based upon a % improvement over the MA baseline incentives up to $7,000 Prescriptive Path incentives up to $7,000 for measures beyond MA baseline High-Rise New Construction Incentives based upon actual measures Commercial New Construction Incentives for efficiency levels beyond code: Whole building incentives System incentives including Air Compressors Chillers Lighting and Lighting Controls Gas-Fired Heating Equipment Variable Speed Drives Custom Measures And more We also offer incentives and rebates for existing buildings as well. Please visit for the details. 5

6 Mass Save Energy Code Technical Support Project Specific Code Assistance MA code officials Design professionals Contractors Sub contractors Material suppliers Toll-free energy code support Phone assistance Office visits Project site visits 6

7 AIA Continuing Education CLEAResult is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. 7

8 Disclosure These trainings are being offered through the support of Mass Save and in cooperation with the Massachusetts Board of Building Regulations and Standards (BBRS). The Energy Code Technical Support staff, consisting of CLEAResult and other contractors, are not code officials, and the information provided through the program is not a formal interpretation of the code. Your local building code official is responsible for the enforcement of the code and the Massachusetts BBRS is the governing body responsible for interpretations of the code. 8

9 Learning Objectives To become familiar with the 2015 I-Code and the Massachusetts Amendments of the commercial building mechanical systems and service water heating updates of the Massachusetts Energy Conservation Code 9

10 Agenda Introductions Summary of 2015 Mechanical Systems and Service Water Heating updates and MA Amendments Scope and Administration Building mechanical systems overview HVAC Efficiency requirements Service Hot Water Additional Efficiency Packages Existing Buildings (New Chapter) Compliance 10

11 Updates and Amendments 11

12 Summary of MA Amendments Replace IECC Chapter 1 with MA Chapter 1 ASHRAE Appendix G can use site or source energy At least two additional efficiency package options from Section C406 required (using IECC or ASHRAE 90.1) Allows two additional onsite renewable energy sources under Section C406: BIOMASS GEOTHERMAL EXCHANGE Allows additional methods for using the IECC performance path 12

13 Summary of Key IECC 2015 Updates General Low-energy buildings and equipment buildings exempt from envelope provisions (C and C ) New component performance compliance path for envelope (C ) New requirement for rooms containing fuel-burning appliances (C ) Duct and plenum insulation increased to R-12 (C ) Additional efficiency package options (C406) 13

14 Summary of Key IECC 2015 Updates HVAC and SWH New equipment efficiencies (Table C ) New section on zone isolation (C ) New section on economizer fault detection and diagnostics (C ) New section on kitchen exhaust systems (C ) New table for AC units serving computer rooms (Table C (9)) New section on SWH systems over 900,000 Btu/h (C ) Expanded section on pipe insulation (C404.4) New section on hot water supply line lengths (C404.5) Expanded sections on circulation controls (C404.6 and 7) 14

15 Summary of Key IECC 2015 Updates Refrigeration New section on refrigeration equipment performance (C ) New section on manufactured walk-in coolers, freezers and refrigerators (C ) New section on site-built walk-in coolers, freezers and refrigerators (C ) New section on refrigerated display cases (C ) 15

16 MA Stretch Code Municipalities For municipalities that have adopted the MA Stretch Code, the new limited requirements replace all previous stretch code requirements: Buildings >100,000 SF and new supermarkets, laboratories and conditioned warehouses >40,000 SF Other new commercial buildings Compliance Base code w/ MA amendments and at least 10% below ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G Base code w/ MA amendments. No additional requirements 16

17 MA Stretch Code Update - Commercial Compliance 17

18 Scope and Administration

19 Energy Savings 45% 45 47% 30% 15% 0%

20 Commercial Compliance C401.2 List of Systems Prescriptive Path Envelope C402 HVAC Controls Massachusetts State Building Code: Commercial 2015 IECC Assembly U-factor, C-factor or F-factor Component performance alternative (COMcheck) HVAC C403 Service Hot Water Heating C404 Electric Power and Lighting C405 Energy Efficiency Measures Code Provisions Simple Systems ASHRAE 90.1 plus C (reduced LPD) and one other C406.1 option Performance Path Additional Efficiency Packages C406 (at least two) Complex Systems 20

21 Commercial Compliance Methods IECC 2015 & Massachusetts Amendments Prescriptive Checklists (including Mandatory Provisions) U-factor, C-factor or F-factor (including Mandatory Provisions) Software Based Compliance; COMcheck (including Mandatory Provisions) Total Building Performance (including Mandatory Provisions) ASHRAE 90.1 Compliance & Massachusetts Amendments Prescriptive requirements Building Performance Methodology: Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11) Performance Rating Method: Appendix G using site or source energy 21

22 ASHRAE Requirements that Differ From IECC requires electrical Energy Monitoring, Recording and Reporting of end uses In MA, 90.1 compliance path must include 2 Additional Efficiency Package options from IECC C406, one of which must be Reduced Lighting Power 22

23 Construction Documents MA Section Construction Documents must be drawn to scale and include: Location and nature of work Equipment and systems Lighting fixture schedule and controls narrative Code official discretion: Prepared by a registered design professional Electronic media documents permitted Source: Shutterstock 23

24 Inspections MA Section Energy inspections required: Duct system R-values HVAC equipment efficiency SWH equipment efficiency Source: NREL 24

25 Building Mechanical Systems Overview Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 25

26 Equipment and Efficiencies 26

27 Equipment Efficiency Terms EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) (Full Load Performance) SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) (Part Load Performance) COP (Coefficient of Performance) (Can Be Full or Part Load Performance) AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency) (Part Load Performance) Source: energy.gov 27

28 Equipment Efficiency Terms E t (Thermal Efficiency) E c (Combustion Efficiency) (Full Load Performance) HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor) (Part Load Performance) IPLV (Integrated Part-Load Value) (Part Load Performance) IEER (Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio) (Part Load Performance) Source: servicechampions.com 28

29 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) Air Conditioners Air cooled Water Cooled Evaporatively Cooled Condensing Units Air cooled Water Cooled Evaporatively Cooled Heat Pumps cont. Water Source Water to Water (Cooling Mode) Ground Water Source Brine to Water (Cooling Mode) Heat Pumps Air-Cooled (Cooling Mode) Water Source (Cooling Mode) Ground Water Source (Cooling Mode) Source: NBI 29

30 EER Cont. Package Terminal Air Conditioner (Cooling Mode) Package Terminal Heat Pump (Cooling Mode) Single Package Vertical Air Conditioner (Cooling Mode) Single Package Vertical Heat Pump (Cooling Mode) Room air conditioner heat pumps with louvered slides Room air conditioner heat pumps without louvered slides Room air conditioner casement only Room air conditioner casement-slider Water chilling Packages Air-cooled chillers Air cooled without condenser, electrical operating 30

31 Why is EER important? Source: NBI Analysis

32 Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio (IEER) Air Conditioners Air cooled Water Cooled Evaporatively Cooled Condensing Units Air cooled Water Cooled Evaporatively Cooled Heat Pumps Air Cooled 32

33 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) Unitary Air Conditioners Air Conditioners, air cooled Through the wall (air cooled) Small-duct high-velocity Unitary and Applied heat pumps Air Conditioners, air cooled Through the wall (air cooled) Source: NBI Single-duct high-velocity 33

34 Coefficient of Performance (COP) Heat Pumps Air Cooled (heating mode) Water source (heating mode) Ground water source (heating mode) Ground source (heating mode) Water source water to water (heating mode) Ground source brine to water (heating mode) Package Terminal Heat Pumps (heating mode) Single Package Vertical Heat Pump (heating mode) Source: Chris Sullivan/NREL 34

35 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) Heat Pumps Air Cooled (heating mode) Through the wall (air cooled, heating mode) Small-duct high velocity (air cooled, heating mode) Source: Jon Winkler/NREL 35

36 Thermal Efficiency (E t ) and Combustion Efficiency (E c ) E t Furnaces Warm Air, gas fired Warm air, oil fired Boilers Hot water Steam E c Warm Air Duct Furnaces Gas Fired Warm Air Unit Heaters Gas fired Warm air unit heaters Oil fired Boilers Hot water Steam 36

37 Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) Boilers Hot water Steam Furnaces Warm Air, gas fired Warm air, oil fired Source: Eddie Bell/NREL 37

38 Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV) Condensing Unit Air Cooled Water or Evaporatively Cooled Water Chilling Packages Air cooled Chillers Air cooled without condenser, electrical operated Water cooled, electrically operated, reciprocating Water cooled, electrically operated, positive displacement Water Chilling Packages cont. Water cooled, electrically operated centrifugal Air Cooled, absorption single effect Water cooled, absorption single effect Absorption double effect, indirect fired Absorption double effect, direct fired 38

39 HVAC Equipment sizing requirements are in section C & 2 Controls requirements have been expanded Ventilation control & energy recovery requirements have been expanded 39

40 HVAC Operation and Controls Control Types Minimum Dry-bulb Thermostat Simple zone control Humidity control where humidification provided Limited energy savings measures, setback, fan control Energy management systems (EMS) Requirements apply when provided Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 40

41 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Standard Energy Efficiency Measures Pressure, temperature reset required in some cases Variable Frequency Drives Demand Control Ventilation Energy Recovery Commissioning Source: NBI 41

42 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Setbacks Decrease space conditioning use and energy during unoccupied periods Set temperatures lower in winter Set temperatures higher In summer Turn fans off Reduce ventilation (fan) energy Decrease boiler supply temperature 42

43 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) Pumps, eg. Tower flow Fans 43

44 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Supply Temperature Reset Optimize boiler or chiller setpoint with respect to ambient temperature or internal load. Most effective on boiler control Minimal chiller use unless facility has high internal load Can impact downstream equipment capacity and operation Source: NREL 44

45 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Demand Control Ventilation Required in spaces over 500sf with occupant density over 25 persons/ 1000sf Applicable to spaces with highly variable occupancy, where ventilation is a large component of HVAC energy use Reduces outside air during low occupancy periods Reduces heating load In winter Reduces cooling load In summer Monitors carbon dioxide concentration as an indicator of occupant count 45

46 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Energy Recovery Required for 3,500 CFM with 50% outdoor air Required for 5,500 CFM with 30% outdoor air See table Source: Steve Allwine/JBDG 46

47 Standard HVAC Efficiency Measures Section C408 System Commissioning requires: Construction documents must include commissioning requirements and be provided to code official on request Exception for under 40 tons cooling & 600 MBH combined domestic water & space heating Exception for systems serving individual dwelling or sleeping units A commissioning plan TAB (air & water) Functional performance testing of all modes & sequences of operation of equipment & controls including economizers Commissioning report 47

48 Review Definitions Equipment Controls Standard Energy Efficiency Measures Source: NBI 48

49 2015 IECC Mechanical Systems Code Provisions Source: Efficiency Vermont 49

50 On-the-ground compliance issues* HVAC Mandatory controls Mechanical systems efficiency levels were not at full compliance Mechanical system installation practices are not fully code compliant Complex HVAC systems are often not understood from a compliance perspective Fan power requirements and HVAC piping, ducts and plenum insulation and sealing are opportunities for additional savings *Mass. research conducted in 2013 (Kema et al) 50

51 Equipment Performance Tables C Minimum equipment performance criteria were improved to match ASHRAE standards Includes Heat Pumps Added AC units serving Computer Rooms 51

52 Shutoff Dampers C Outdoor air intake, exhaust openings, stairway and shaft vents require Class I motorized dampers Maximum air leakage rate of 4 1 H 2 O Must include automatic controls Non-motorized dampers may be used: Buildings less than 3 stories Design exhaust 300 cfm 52

53 Zone Isolation C Isolation zones are required for HVAC systems serving zones: Over 25,000 s.f. or Spanning more than one floor and designed to operate or be occupied non-simultaneously HVAC systems for isolation zones shall be equipped with isolation devices and controls that: Can automatically shut off supply and exhaust air; Are independent for each isolation zone; and Allow operation while serving only the smallest isolation area. Exceptions: 1. <5,000cfm 2. <10% of system exhaust 3. Continuous operation required 53

54 Economizer Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) C Sensor, manual override, and alarm requirements apply to: Air-cooled unitary direct-expansion units as listed in Tables C (1) through C (3) Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) units equipped with an economizer 54

55 Piping Insulation C All pipes serving space conditioning systems must be insulated according to tabulated levels (Table C ) TABLE C MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (thickness in inches) a FLUID OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE AND USAGE ( F) INSULATION CONDUCTIVITY Conductivity Btu in./(h ft 2 F) b Mean Rating Temperature, F NOMINAL PIPE OR TUBE SIZE (inches) < 1 1 to < 1 1 / / 2 to < 4 4 to < 8 8 > <

56 Piping Insulation Primary Exceptions Piping internal to HVAC equipment (including fan coil units) factory installed and tested Piping that conveys fluid in temperature range between 60 F and 105 F Piping that conveys fluids that have not been heated or cooled through the use of fossil fuels or electric power Strainers, control valves, and balancing valves associated with piping 1 in diameter Direct buried piping for fluids 60 F C404.4 Piping from water heater to termination of supply pipe to be insulated in accordance with Table C Source: Ann Lundy/NREL 56

57 Enclosed Parking Garage Ventilation Controls C Garages for storing or handling automobiles operating under their own power shall employ contaminationsensing devices and automatic controls configured to: Stage fans or modulate fan average airflow rates to < 50% of design capacity, or Intermittently operate fans < 20% of occupied time or As required to maintain acceptable contaminant levels in accordance with IMC provisions Failure of these devices shall cause the exhaust fans to operate continuously at design airflow 57

58 Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) C Fan systems with supply airflow rates above the values in Table C (1&2) must have an energy recovery system The larger the system, the lower the % of outdoor air which triggers ERV Efficiency must be 50% Integrated control required per C Source: National Grid 58

59 Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) Table C (1) partial table For ventilation systems operating less than 8,000 hours per year Climate Zones 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A 10% and < 20% 20% and < 30% % Outdoor air at full design airflow rate 30% and < 40% 40% and < 50% 26,000 16,000 5,500 4,500 50% and < 60% 60% and < 70% Design supply fan airflow rate (CFM) 70% and < 80% 80% 3,500 2,000 1,000 > 0 59

60 Exceptions to ERV Where ERV systems are prohibited by the International Mechanical Code (IMC) System exhausting toxic, flammable, paint or corrosive fume streams Commercial kitchen hoods for collecting and removing grease vapors and smoke Lab fume hood systems with one of the following: VAV hood exhaust and room supply systems capable of reducing exhaust and makeup air volume to 50% of design values Direct makeup air supply at least 75% of exhaust rate, heated no warmer than 2 F below room setpoint, cooled to no cooler than 3 F above room setpoint, no humidification added, and no simultaneous heating and cooling use for dehumidification Systems serving uncooled spaces and heated to <60 F Where > 60% of outdoor air heating energy is from site recovered or site solar energy Systems requiring dehumidification that employ energy recovery in series with the cooling coil Where the largest source of air exhausted at a single location at building exterior is <75% of design outside air flow rate Systems operating at < 20 hours per week 60

61 Kitchen Exhaust Systems C Replacement air introduced directly into exhaust hood cavity must not be >10% hood exhaust airflow rate. Conditioned supply air delivered to any space must not exceed the greater of: Ventilation rate required to meet the space heating or cooling load Hood exhaust flow minus available transfer air from adjacent space Each hood must comply with one of the following: Not <50% of replacement air shall be transfer air that would be exhausted Demand ventilation systems on not < 75% of the exhaust air that are capable of not < than a 50% reduction in exhaust and replacement air system airflow rates Listed energy recovery devices with a sensible heat recovery effectiveness of not < 40% and not < 50% of total exhaust air 61

62 Duct & Plenum Insulation & Sealing C Required for supply and return ducts and plenums Ducts located in unconditioned space R6 Located outside the building envelope R12 Located in envelope assembly must be separated from building exterior with R12 Exception Ducts located within equipment 62

63 Ducts Required to be Insulated? 63

64 Refrigeration Systems C Refrigeration Equipment Performance Sets maximum kwh/day for the following type of refrigeration equipment Commercial refrigeration e.g. refrigerators and freezers with solid or transparent doors Commercial refrigerators and freezers Walk-in coolers, freezers, refrigerated warehouse freezers Automatic door closers Minimum envelope insulation levels Double or triple-pane glass with inert gas or heat-reflective treated glass for reach-in doors Fan motor requirements for evaporator and condenser motors High efficacy lighting Refrigerated display cases Lights controlled by automatic time switch or occupancy sensor Temperature based defrost termination and anti-sweat controls 64

65 Fractional hp Fan Motors C (complex mechanical systems) Motors for fans between 1/12 hp and 1 hp must: Be electronically commutated motors or; Have a minimum efficiency of 70% and; Have the means to adjust motor speed for either balancing or remote control The use of belt-drive fans to sheave adjustments for airflow balancing instead of a varying motor speed is permitted Exceptions: Motors in the airstream within fan coils and terminal units that only provide heating to the space served Motors in space-conditioning equipment that comply with section or C Motors that comply with Section C

66 Mechanical Systems Takeaways Right-sizing of HVAC systems HVAC equipment efficiency find the right table HVAC system controls Ventilation control & energy recovery requirements You can choose 10% more efficient equipment to satisfy one of two options required in Section C406 66

67 Service Water Heating 67

68 High input-rated service water-heating systems C Gas-fired water heating equipment in new buildings where input rating of equipment is 1,000,000 Btu/hr or greater, the equipment must have a thermal efficiency of at least 90% Exceptions: If 25% of service water heating is provided by solar or siterecovered energy Equipment in individual dwelling units shall not be included in total input rating Water heaters with input rating 100,000 Btu/hr shall not be included in total input rating Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 68

69 Piping Insulation C404.4 Piping from water heater to termination of supply pipe to be insulated in accordance with Table C Primary Exceptions Piping internal to HVAC equipment (including fan coil units) factory installed and tested Piping that conveys fluid in temperature range between 60 F and 105 F Piping that conveys fluids that have not been heated or cooled through the use of fossil fuels or electric power Source: Ann Lundy/NREL Strainers, control valves, and balancing valves associated with piping 1 in diameter Direct buried piping for fluids 60 F 69

70 Efficient Heated Water Supply Piping C404.5 For piping from the nearest source of heated water to the fixture requires either maximum pipe length (C ), or maximum pipe volume (C ), and has maximum flow rated by size Intent is to reduce wasting previously-heated water that has cooled in pipes that do not require insulation Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 70

71 ASHRAE 90.1 Hot Water Piping ASHRAE requires all recirculating service hot water piping to be insulated Includes hot-water piping insulation requirements for certain applications Source: Ann Lundy/NREL 71

72 Hot Water Circulating and Temperature Maintenance Systems C404.6 Circulation System Controlled pumps required Demand control required Gravity and thermosyphon not allowed Heat Trace System Energy input adjusted to maintain temperature Times or demand automatic controls Controls for Hot Water Storage Tanks and Pumps Automatic controls limit pump operation Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 72

73 Demand Recirculation Controls C404.7 Applies to distribution systems with one or more recirculation pumps that pump water from a heated water supply line back to the heated water source through a cold water supply line. Pumps must have controls that: Start the pump upon receiving a signal from the action of a user of a fixture or appliance or sensing the flow of hot or tempered water to a fixture fitting or appliance Limit the temperature of the water entering the cold water piping to 104 F Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 73

74 Drain Water Heat Recovery Units C404.8 Must comply with CSA B55.2 Potable water-side pressure loss <10 psi at max design flow Group R occupancies, units must meet efficiency of CSA B55.1 Note that this provision does not require the use of drain water heat recovery units; it just specifies their performance if used Source: Dennis Schroeder/NREL 74

75 ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Monitoring IECC has no sub-metering requirements Electrical Energy Monitoring Monitoring Measurement devices shall be installed in new buildings 25,000 SF to monitor the electrical use for each of the following separately: Total electrical energy HVAC systems Interior lighting Exterior lighting Receptacle circuits Recording and reporting Electric energy loads (above) shall be recorded a minimum of every 15 minutes and reported at least hourly, daily, monthly and annually. The system shall be capable of maintaining all data collected for a minimum of 36 months. 75

76 Additional Efficiency Package Options 76

77 Additional Efficiency Package Choices C406.1: Package options expanded and two required Buildings shall comply with at least two of the following: 1. More efficient HVAC performance in accordance with Section C (Reduced lighting power density in accordance with Section C406.3) new 3. (Enhanced lighting controls in accordance with Section C406.4) expanded 4. On-site supply of renewable energy in accordance with Section C406.5 new 5. Provisions of a dedicated outdoor air system for certain HVAC equipment in accordance with Section C406.6 new 6. High-efficiency service water heating in accordance with Section C

78 More Efficient HVAC Equipment C406.2 Exceed minimum efficient listed in Tables C (1) C (7) by 10% in addition to requirements of C403 Where multiple performance requirements are provided, all equipment must exceed base requirements by 10% VRF systems must exceed ASHRAE by 10% Equipment not listed in table is limited to 10% of the total building capacity High Efficiency HVAC 78

79 On-site Renewable Energy C one of the following: Provide not less than 0.50 Watts per s.f. of conditioned floor area Not less than 3% of the regulated energy used within the building for all regulated loads in Chapter 4 Provide not less than 65% of the total annual used within the building for building space and service water heating with biomass fuel using direct vented combustion mechanical equipment rated at a minimum of 80 AFUE. The biomass fuel shall meet the eligible fuel and emission criteria.* Provide not less than 65% of the total annual energy used within the building for building space and service water heating using a geothermal heat pump system with COP of not less than 4.* *MA specific amendment 79

80 Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems C406.6 use DOAS In buildings covered by Section C403.4 (hydronic or multi-zone systems), use an independent ventilation system designed to provide not less than the minimum 100% outdoor to each occupied space Ventilation system must be capable of total energy recovery HVAC system must include supply-air temperature controls that automatically reset supply-air temperature in response to building loads or outdoor air temperatures Controls must reset the supply-air temperature at least 25% of the difference between the design supply-air temperature and design room air temperature 80

81 Reduced Energy Use in Service Hot Water Heating C406.7 & C Only applies to the following building types Group R-1: Boarding houses, hotels or motels Group 1-2: Hospitals, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes Group A-1: Restaurants and banquet halls or building containing food preparation areas Group F: Laundries Group R-2: Buildings with residential occupancies Group A-3: Health clubs and spas Buildings showing a service hot water load of 10% or more of total building energy loads Load fraction (C ) Building SHW system must have one or more of the following that are sized to provide not less than 60% of hot water requirements or sized to provide 100% of hot water requirements if the building otherwise complies with C : Waste heat recovery from SHW, heat recovery chillers, building equipment, process equipment, or a combined heat and power system Solar water-heating systems 81

82 Existing Buildings 82

83 Existing Buildings C501 New Chapter Historic buildings exempt Requires a report to the code official signed by a registered design professional or the State Historic Preservation Office demonstrating that compliance would threaten, degrade or destroy the historic form, fabric or function of the building Requirements for existing buildings Additions Alterations Repairs and Maintenance Change of occupancy or use Source: David Lester Photography 83

84 Existing Buildings C502 Additions An extension or increase in the conditioned space floor area or height Must conform to the code as it relates to new construction without requiring the unaltered portion of the existing building or system to comply Mechanical Systems comply with C403 SWH C404 Pools and inground permanently installed spas C

85 Existing Buildings C503 Alterations Work other than a repair or addition, or a system extension or rearrangement requiring a permit Alteration must comply with code as for new construction Alterations complying with ASHRAE do not need to comply with C402-C405 85

86 Existing Buildings C503 Alterations Unaltered portion(s) do not need to comply Alteration cannot make existing building less conforming than it may have already been Alteration shall not create an unsafe or hazardous condition or overload existing systems. 86

87 Existing Buildings C503 Alterations Heating and Cooling New HVAC systems and duct systems that are part of the alteration to comply with Section C403 Economizers new cooling systems that are part of the alteration to comply with Section C403.3 Service hot water systems New SWH systems that are part of the alteration to comply with C404 87

88 Existing Buildings C503.2 Change in Space Conditioning Any unconditioned space that is altered to become conditioned space shall be required to be brought into full compliance with this code Examples: Converting part of an unconditioned warehouse to office space Shell building tenant build-out 88

89 Existing Buildings C504 Repairs Maintenance or damage correction. Work on non-damaged components necessary for the required repair or damaged components shall be considered part of the repair and not subject to the alterations requirements. 89

90 Existing Buildings C504 Repairs Activities deemed repairs by the code: Glass-only replacements in an existing sash and frame Roof repairs Replacement of existing doors that separate conditioned space from the exterior do not require the installation of a vestibule or revolving door, provided that an existing vestibule that separate a conditioned space from the exterior shall not be removed Repairs exempt from permit Abatement of wear due to normal service conditions Repairs to buildings designed to ASHRAE 90.1 as long as the repair complies with that same standard. 90

91 Existing Buildings C505 Change in Occupancy Spaces undergoing a change in occupancy that would result in an increase in demand for either fossil fuel or electrical energy shall comply with this code 91

92 Energy Modeling and Compliance Documentation 92

93 Energy Modeling Applicability Performance Path Code Compliance (C407) Very Highly Glazed Buildings Unique Envelope Designs Used in Buildings with Special Features, Such As: Passive Solar Photovoltaic Systems Thermal Energy Storage Fuel Cells Other Nontraditional Building Components Requires an Annual Energy Analysis for the Proposed and the Reference Buildings Annual Energy Analysis Software Is Typically Used to Determine Savings 93

94 ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Cost Budget Method Energy cost budget method Compare a proposed design with code compliant design Demonstrate proposed design is at least as energy efficient as the code compliant design Approach Allows great flexibility BUT Requires considerable effort Still must meet selected prescriptive lighting, HVAC, and service water heating requirements in

95 Commercial Energy Code Software RESNET For residential units within a building up to 5 stories and with independent unit-level heating and cooling systems: A HERS rater verified index of 55 or less for the finished units together A completed and HERS rater verified Energy Star Thermal Enclosure Checklist Meet the IECC 2015 requirements for Fenestration (C402.4), Mechanical (C403.2), Service Water Heating (C404) and Electric Power and Lighting Systems (C405) 95

96 Commercial Energy Code Software RESNET Compliance based on Energy Rating Index (ERI) allows the following trade-offs for onsite renewable energy systems: Offset 5 HERS points for a solar PV array rate at 2.5 kw or higher Offset 5 HERS points for a clean biomass system, solar thermal array or geothermal heat pump, or a combination of these systems, operating as the primary heating system Offset 2 HERS point for a solar thermal array for primary domestic hot water heating or clean biomass stove Renewable Energy Source New Construction Whole House Renovations; Additions None Solar PV > 2.5 kw; Renewable primary heating system Solar PV; Renewable primary heating & solar thermal DHW Solar PV & Renewable primary heating and solar thermal DHW

97 Commercial Energy Code Software Passive House Institute US (PHIUS) Approved Software A PHIUS or another approved software by PHIUS that demonstrates the following: A specified space heat demand is less than or equal to 10 kbtu/sf/yr. Meet the IECC 2015 requirements for Fenestration (C402.4), Mechanical (C403.2), Service Water Heating (C404) and Electric Power and Lighting Systems (C405) 97

98 Commercial Energy Code Software Energy Star Homes 3.1 New residential structures, or additions to existing residential structures or potions thereof as certified to conform with the Energy Star Homes standard, Version

99 COMcheck for C COMcheck applies to IECC prescriptive path Compiles user inputs Calculates allowed trade-offs Provides printable organized output Does not prove compliance Accuracy of inputs is key MA requirements not incorporated 99

100 Limitations of COMcheck No trade-offs between envelope, HVAC and lighting systems Not performance based software Can only use for buildings up to 40% WWR if demonstrating compliance with the IECC 100

101 Typical Compliance Review Procedure Obtain Full Project Documentation Full set of plans and specifications including: Window & door schedules Mechanical schedule Lighting schedule COMcheck or other code compliance calculations/documentation License numbers and/or other documentation of design professionals Review Plans for Code Compliance There should be enough detail in project documents to verify code compliant design and should clearly state selected compliance path Base code compliance must follow: MA Code adoption of IECC (typical prescriptive path) 90.1 Building Energy Cost Budget methodology, Mandatory prescriptive provisions, and achieve 2 additional MA efficiency options 101

102 Commercial Compliance Best Practice Final inspection All energy features that were not reviewed during other inspections 102

103 Resources AHRI Directory of Certified Product Performance NBI s New Construction Guide U.S. DOE Building Energy Codes Program: Building Codes Assistance Project (BCAP): Building Science Corporation 103

104 Mass Save Energy Code Technical Support Project Specific Code Assistance MA code officials Design professionals Contractors Sub contractors Material suppliers Toll-free energy code support Phone assistance Office visits Project site visits 104

105 Codes and Standards Initiative - Sponsors 105