Garden Cities & Suburbs in the 21 st Century

Transcription

1 Garden Cities & Suburbs in the 21 st Century RTPI Young Planners Conference, 2012 Patrick Clarke Technical Director, URS

2 Planning to deliver homes for people

3 Influencing the layout of c.1.8million homes built in the 1920 s & 30 s Shelthorpe Estate Masterplan by Barry Parker 1926

4 1920 s Homes for Heroes Programme Downham Estate, Lewisham. 6,000 homes built

5 Post war experiments in housing form and layout

6 North Hull Estate - Garden Suburb

7 Orchard Park - high rise

8 Orchard Park - Radburn & medium rise

9 Orchard Park regeneration

10 1980 s housing estate

11 Distributor roads

12 Front garden parking

13 End of the road

14 Pedestrian movement an after thought

15 Unloved open space

16 Mid 1990 s - Renewed interest in Urban Design

17 Analysis of housing layout, density & quality

18 Exemplar projects - Poundbury

19 Newhall

20 Woodbrook

21 Not matched by everyday practice

22 Layouts dominated by car parking Rear parking courts had higher levels of vehicle crime and criminal damage than other types of parking and also facilitated offenders access to the rear of properties

23 at the expense of gardens A crucial factor for homebuyers in choosing a house is the provision of outside space, and of gardens in particular. Over three quarters of respondents preferred to have a private garden rather than sharing a communal space with their neighbours CABE What homebuyers want (2005)

24 An inefficient & unsustainable approach to layout

25 Renewed interest in Garden Cities and Suburbs

26 Well planned communities at scale

27 Supported by the full range of facilities and services

28 Proven in a wide range of contexts

29 Formal and informal places

30 The best of town & country a more harmonious combination of the city and country, dwelling house and garden Raymond Unwin (1912)

31 A robust framework for detailed design Masterplan for Brentham Garden Suburb by Raymond Unwin 1907

32 Larger & greener development blocks

33 A range of attractive homes W

34 A landscape structure that matures over time

35 Developing a much loved approach for the 21 st Century

36 Plan strategically for growth Dispersed development Lateral expansion

37 Plan strategically for growth New Community New Community

38 Masterplan shaped by public transport

39 Walkable neighbourhoods Mixed use neighbourhood centres Range of different densities Direct and convenient walking routes Public transport connections to neighbouring towns High quality local open space Image adapted from the report of the Urban Task Force

40 Reinterpreting the Garden City approach to layout

41 Scheme A rear parking court layout 4 hectares; 137 homes; 34 dwellings per hectare; 1.5 parking spaces per home

42 Reinterpreting the Garden City approach to layout Masterplan for Brentham Garden Suburb by Raymond Unwin 1907

43 A Garden City approach

44 Scheme B a Garden City approach 4 hectares; 120 homes; 30 dwellings per hectare; 1.3 parking spaces per home

45 Indicative cost of development for each scheme

46 More space for gardens

47 Comparative land budget for 5,000 homes

48 Re-engaging with communities to develop the vision

49 Garden Cities & Suburbs in the 21 st Century RTPI Young Planners Conference, 2012 Patrick Clarke Technical Director, URS