Enclosure 4- RISK ASSESSMENT

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Veronica Webster
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1 Enclosure 4- RISK ASSESSMENT

2 RISK ASSESSMENT Risk is a potential that a chosen action or activity will lead to a loss of human or property. Risk assessment is a step for Risk Management. Risk assessment is determination of qualitative and quantitative value of risk related a situation or hazard. Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life health or environment. Risk assessment involves the following: Hazard Identification Vulnerability Analysis Risk Analysis Emergency Preparedness Plan Natural Hazard Earthquake Flooding Manmade Hazard - Health Injuries Fire & Explosion Electrical Mechanical Radiation Thermal Chemical HAZARD IDENTIFICATION The project is a hospital and there may be following types of hazards: 1 VULNERABILITY ANALYSES This is a hospital hence, patients, staff & visitors are vulnerable to risks. 2 RISK ANALYSES The risk is likelihood of harmful effect big or small due to hazard, together with severity of harm suffered. Risk also depends on number of people exposed to hazard. Risk analysis provides severity of harm from particular type of hazard. Earthquake: The project is located at seismic zone IV where earthquake can occur from Richter scale.

3 Flooding: The project site is located in an area where no natural river or drainage exists. However, flooding can occur due to excess rain. Health Injuries 1. Safety nets will be provided at appropriate level and various shafts/ openings will be kept covered to prevent falls, slips, trips etc. 2. Necessary safety belts, helmets and eye-masks as required will be enforced at site. 3. Adequate guardrails will be provided to the staircases and common areas. 4. Adequate guardrails/ fences will be provided around the water storage spaces to prevent drowning accidents. 5. Adequate protection/ fence will be provided around the excavated areas. 6. The machinery and the equipment will be regularly tested and maintained with the specific emphasis against accidents failures. 7. The deployed Safety officers will ensure that the personnel/ labor will be kept at a safe distance from working machinery to avoid accidents/ injuries due to toxic gases/ chemical/ noise. 8. Moving parts of various parts of machineries/ equipment will be properly guarded. 9. Rest rooms and first aid facilities will be made available for the workers. Electrical: The electrical current can pass to the floor & metals due to inadequate insulation or accidently. Mechanical: The mechanical fault that can cause the risk & hazard include the elevators. Radiation: Due to use of wireless equipment there may be electromagnetic radiation. Thermal: Thermal heat can be generated from the D.G sets and the vehicles in the colony. Chemical: Chemical use in the hospital limited to cleaning agents & medicines. Fire & Explosion: Since it is a hospital, fire can occur due to electrical spark or gas leakage from kitchens. Fire is mainly caused in due to carelessness, short circuits, and malfunctioning of gas regulator, tube, and such related products. 3

4 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS: Project Brief: The Proposed BCM Hospital Project located at Indore consisting 2 Basements + Ground + 8 Floors. FIRE PROTECTION (WATER BASED) PHILOSOPHY 1. Design Basis Design Standards : As per NBC/Indore Chief Fire Officer. Approvals : All major equipments shall be approved by ISI / Eq. Type of Occupancy : Institutional (Group C) & as per NBC. Systems required : 1) Portable Fire Extinguishers 2) Wet Risers 3) Yard Hydrants 4) Automatic sprinklers (for entire building) 5) UG Water tank 2,00,000 liters 6) OH tank 20,000 liters 7) Main Fire pumps for Hydrant & Sprinkler 1 Nos. each of capacity 2280 LPM. 8) Standby pump 2280 LPM 9) Jockey pump 180 LPM 10) Passive Fire Protection 12) Addressable Fire Alarm System 13) Public Address System 14) Auto Glow Sign ages 15) Fire Doors Fire Doors The following fire resistance periods for doors will be applied within Building: Door Location Staircase, protected lobby & refuge doors Corridors doors Lift Enclosures Service Ducts/Risers Doors Transformer, Switchgear Room Doors DG Rooms Doors to AHU Rooms Landing Doors Car Doors Basement Doors Fire Resistance Rating (hours) 1 hour 1 hour 4 hours 1 hour 4

5 Table for Summary of Door Fire Resistances. System Description The Fire protection system will basically consists of Yard Hydrant system, Wet Riser system, Fire Hose Reel system, Portable Fire extinguishers, and Automatic Sprinkler system. Other systems and the Building construction shall be as per the requirements of Indore Chief Fire Officer. Yard Hydrant system comprises of Stand post type, single headed hydrant valves around the buildings spaced as per NBC / CFO. Each hydrant valve is also provided with a self standing Fire hose cabinet to house, Fire Hoses of 63 mm diameter, Branch pipes and nozzles and hydrant wrench. The yard hydrants are connected to pump set by underground fire main (sized to suit site requirement) of M.S. Heavy grade pipe. This main is normally in a ring layout (looped) and protected with wrapping and coating to prevent from corrosion and also provided with sufficient number of isolation valves for maintenance purposes. The valves shall be able to isolate not more than 50% of any ring around the building. The Wet riser system consists of Wet riser of minimum 150mm diameter and many such risers are located as required by NBC / CFO. This system consists of Hydrant valve at each landing or exit, with fire hose cabinet housing Hoses of 63 mm diameter, Branch pipe and nozzle. For other levels, The Hydrant valve and Fire hose cabinets shall be provided based on the area to be covered, access distance from cabinet to the remote areas and hose lengths to be provided. Hose Reel system for first aid fire fighting by the occupants is connected to the wet risers. Portable fire extinguishers are provided through out the building as per NBC/ Local CFO. One number of 4.5 KG. Capacity CO2 Type Extinguisher and one number of 6.0 kg Dry powder type portable fire extinguishers are provided as a set near exits (or) inside Hose reel cabinets. Other types of extinguishers are also provided as per the design requirements. Automatic sprinkler system is provided in the entire building and types of sprinklers are selected as per the selection criteria described above. The sprinkler system is designed as per IS / Local CFO and Sections or zones are divided for ease of maintenance and identification of the area of operation. Upright sprinklers and pendent sprinklers are to be located for every 10 square meters of floor / ceiling area approximately and this coverage is reduced as per IS and as per the site conditions and obstructions. Extended coverage sidewall sprinklers can be spaced as per their listed coverage (or) spacing. A listed Extended coverage Standard Response sprinkler can cover a floor area of approximately 5m X 6m. Each zone of sprinklers are provided with Zone control valves, which are of indicating type, with flow switch and a test & drain valve. All zone control valves are connected to a separate sprinkler riser. Fire pumps (1 main each for Hydrant & Sprinkler, 1Common stand-by and 2 jockey Pumps for Hydrant & Sprinkler System) are provided to supply water at the required discharge rate and pressure required at the remotest area as per NBC. The Hydrant system & Sprinkler main pump shall be having the capacity to supply 2280 lpm, These motor driven pump sets are controlled by independent or combined Motor control panels. The pumps shall be started automatically and stopped manually. A common standby pump set of diesel engine driven shall be provided with the similar capacity to supply in case of failure of any pump to start automatically. Piping and instrumentation wiring shall be done accordingly to take care of this. A jockey pump of 180 lpm is also provided to take care of minor leaks in the entire piping and to keep the piping at the desired pressure level as required by the system and to avoid frequent start and stops of main or standby pumps. Pumps shall be Horizontal centrifugal type. The terrace tank shall also be connected to the Hydrant system riser. M.S. Pipes shall be as per IS 1239 heavy grade or IS 3589 with minimum thickness of 6 mm. Fittings and valves shall be rated for the pressure of the system. Other valves like automatic air release valves, pressure relief valves shall be provided as required to complete the system. 5

Fire department connections shall be provided to supply the wet risers and sprinkler risers (by fire department) and to supply and draw water from underground water

The tank shall be divided into two compartments as required by standards and piping / valve arrangements shall be as per the NBC. EQUIPMENTS AND ACCESSORIES 1.

Electric motor driven jockey pump set (Hydrant & Sprinkler) 180 lpm 4. Fire pump controller 5. Yard Hydrants single headed 6.

Hose Reel 11. Portable fire extinguishers 12. Internal Fire hose cabinets 13. Automatic Air release valves 14.

6 Fire department connections shall be provided to supply the wet risers and sprinkler risers (by fire department) and to supply and draw water from underground water tank. The fire water tank storage capacity shall be of 2,00,000 liters. The tank shall be divided into two compartments as required by standards and piping / valve arrangements shall be as per the NBC. EQUIPMENTS AND ACCESSORIES 1. Electric motor driven main fire pump set (hydrant & Sprinkler) 2280 lpm 2. Diesel engine driven standby pump set (common) 2280 lpm 3. Electric motor driven jockey pump set (Hydrant & Sprinkler) 180 lpm 4. Fire pump controller 5. Yard Hydrants single headed 6. Self standing fire hose cabinet for yard hydrants 7. Fire department connection (breeching inlet) 8. Valves and accessories 9. Internal Hydrants (Single headed) 10. Hose Reel 11. Portable fire extinguishers 12. Internal Fire hose cabinets 13. Automatic Air release valves 14. Upright sprinklers, standard response, standard coverage 15. Pendent sprinklers, standard response, standard coverage 16. Sidewall sprinklers, Standard response, extended coverage 17. Zone control valve assembly 18. Underground piping with wrapping and coating 19. Aboveground piping with painting and supports 20. Spare sprinkler cabinets 21. Alarm check valve assembly 22. Hume pipes 23. Passive fire protection 6

sounders as appropriate. The design, installation and testing of the system should be in accordance with NFPA-72. The system will be designed to sound the alarm on the floors that require evacuation.

7 24. Emergency exit signage s 25. Smoke detectors 26. Manual call points 27. Hooters Fire Alarm & Detection All parts of the building will be provided with a fully addressable automatic fire detection system and an emergency voice alarm/communication system or evacuation sounders as appropriate. The design, installation and testing of the system should be in accordance with NFPA-72. The system will be designed to sound the alarm on the floors that require evacuation. Backup Power Supplies An alternative source of LV/HV power will be provided from either two separate sub-stations or a diesel generator of adequate capacity for all necessary life safety & fire-fighting systems. Basement Ventilation In order to provide a smoke free environment within the basement levels, thereby enabling attending fire-fighters to locate and deal with an incident in a short a time as possible, each basement level requires to be provided with adequate smoke ventilation. In accordance to NBC or as per CFD Analysis, each basement level should be provided with a mechanical ventilation system. In addition to the mechanical ventilation described above, also requires that natural ventilation be provided from each level via smoke outlets around the building s perimeter. Various types of CO/multi gas type detectors covering the entire basement will be integrated into the impulse ventilation system. Smoke Ventilation to Lifts All lift shafts will be provided with permanent vents at the head with a minimum clear area of 0.2m2 and will open into pressurized lobbies. Lift lobbies internal to the building (both above and below ground) will be provided with a pressurization system operated automatically on fire detection (lobbies only pressurized on floor of fire origin). Exit Signs Self illuminating exit signs will be provided on all floors and in the basements indicating the direction of escape. 7

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Technical write-up on Fire safety services

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