Code for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings

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1 UDC NATIONAL STANDARD... = ' I: I - p OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA i:ft *A~~~ IE 00 *fi$1l GB Code for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings ltri~:k HIGiiiit~1B Date of issuing: July 15th, 2005 Date of enforcement: October 1 S, 2005 Jointly issued by: Ministry of Constmction of the People's Republic of China General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of 1he People's Republic of China

2 Contents General Te rms and Symbols Terms Symbols Type of Fire and Hazard Rating in Distribution Place of Fire Extinguishe r Type of Fire Hazard Rating ,.,...),.,......l '' ) ' Selection of Fire Extinguisher General ' ' '.. ' '.. ' '. '.. ' Type Selection of Fire Extinguisher. '..... ' ' '.. '. ' '. '' '... ' ''.' ' ' ' '... ''.' S Provision of Fire Extinguisher General S 5.2 Maximum Travel Distance of Fire Extinguisher Distribution of Fire Extinguisher General Minimum Distribution Basic Principle of Fire Extinguisher , Extinguisher Distribution Design and Calculation I General Calculation unit Distri bution design calculation Appendix A Basic Index Examples of type, specifi cation and fire rating of fire extinguisher distributed for building Appendix B Legend of fire extinguisher distribution design Appendix C Danger rating examples of distribution places of industrial fire extinguisher Appendix D Danger rating examples of distribution places of fire extinguisher for civil building Appendix E Examples of incompatible extinguishing agents Appendix F Examples of civil building places where distribution of halon fi re extinguisher is unnecessary Explanation on word ing in this code

3 1 General In order to distribute reasonably fire extinguisher of buildings (hereafter abbreviated to fire extinguisher). put out effectively incipient fire of industrial and civil buildings. reduce fire losses and protect personal and property safety, we laid clown this Code This Code applies to new, rebuilding and expanding industrial and civil buildings for production. usage or storage of combustible. This Code is not applicable for factory or warehouse for production and storage of explosive, ammunition, blasting supply and fireworks & firecrackers Type, size, quantity and place of fire extinguisher to be distributed shall be contents of fire engineering design and indicated in engineering drawings Distribution of fire extinguisher shall meet current relevant national code and standard besides this Code.

4 2 Terms and Symbols 2.1 Terms Di strib ut ion place of fire extingu isher Place where fire extinguisher to be distributed for existing combustible gas, liquid and solid matters Calculation unit Calculation area fo r distribution of fire extinguisher Travel distance The straight walking distance from distrib ution point of fire extinguisher to most disadvantaged point of distribution area of fire extinguisher Fire rating Indicates the efficiency of fire extinguisher putting out various fires and composes figures and letters showing extinguishing type. For type, size and fire rating of distribution of fire extinguisher for buildings, please refer to Appendix A of this Code. 2.2 Symbols Calculation symbols for distribution design of fire extinguisher Q-The required minimum fire rating (A or B) of calculation unit: S-Protection area (m 2 ) of calculation unit; U- The maximum protection area (m 2 /A or rn 2 /B) of unit fire rating in the scene of fi re A or B; K- Coefficient of correction Qe- The required minimum fire rating (A or B} in the distribution place of each fire extinguisher in calculation unit; N- Nurnbers (point) of distribution place of fire extinguisher in calculation unit For design legend fo r distribution of fire extinguisher, please refer to Appendix B of this Code. 2

5 3 Type of Fire and Hazard Rating in Distribution Place of Fire Extinguisher 3.1 Type of Fire Type of fire in distribution place of fi re extinguisher shal l be class ified according to materials and combustion characteristic in the place Type of fire in distribution place of fire extinguisher shall be classified to the following five types 1 Class A : Solid fi re 2 Class B: Liquid fire or meltabie solid fire 3 Class C: Liquid fire 4 Class D: Metal fire 5 Class E (electricity fire): fire caused by combust matters with electricity 3.2 Hazard Rating Hazard rating in d istribution place of fire extinguisher fo r industrial buildings shall be divided into the fo llowing three grades according to fi re risk of production, using and storing goods, quantity of combustibles, fire spreading speed and difficulty of putting out: 1 Severe hazard rating: place v\~ th big fire hazard, plenty of combustibles and fast spreading speed upon fire occurrence. It is difficult to put out occluted fire \\11.ich will cause easily severe property loss. 2 Medium hazard rating: place with big fire hazard, plenty of combustibles and fast spreading speed upon fire occurrence. It is diffi cult to put out occurred fire. 3 Light hazard rating: place with minor fire hazard, less of combustibles and slow spreading speed. It is easy to put out occurred fire. For examples of hazard rating in distribution place of fire extinguisher for industrial buildings, please refer to Appendix C of this Code Hazard rating in distribution place of fire extinguisher for civil buildings shall be divided into the following three grades according to using characteristic, denseness of personnel, electricity and fire utilization conditions, quantity of combustibles, fire spreading speed and difficulty of putting out: 1 Severe hazard rating: place with important using characteristic, dense personnel, high utilization rate of electricity and fire, more combustibles and fast spreading speed after fire occurrence. It is d ifficult to put out the occurred fi re that \Nill cause severe propetiy loss or personal casualty in groups. 2 Medium hazard rating: place with less impo1iant, less dense personnel, high utilization rate of electricity and fire, more combustibles and fast spreading speed after fire occurrence. Jt is difficult to put out the occurred fire. 3 Light hazard rating: place with general using characteristic, non-dense personnel, high utilization rate, less combustible and slow spreading speed after fire occurrence. It is easy to put out the occurred fire. For examples of hazard rati ng in distribution place of fire extinguisher for civil buildings, please refer to Appendix D of this Code. 3

6 4 Selection of Fire Extinguisher 4.1 General The fo llowing fac tors shall be considered in selecting fire extinguisher: Type of fire in distribution place of fire extinguisher: 2 Hazard rating in distribution place of fire extinguisher; 3 Extinguishing efficie ncy and common use of fire extinguisher: 4 Degree of di1ty and destroy of protection goods caused by extingui shing agent; 5 Ambient temperature of distribution place of fire extinguisher; 6 Physical performance of person who use fire extinguisher In the same distributi on place of fire extinguisher, shall better to select fire extinguisher with same ty pe and operation method. When different fires exist in the same distribution place of fire extingui sher, shall select general fire extinguisher When using two or more kinds of fire extinguisher in the same distribution place of fire extinguisher, extinguishing agents of the two kinds of fire extinguisher shall be compatible For examples of incompatible extinguishing agent please refer to Appendix E of this Code. 4.2 Type Selection of Fire Extinguisher Select water-type fire extinguisher, ammonium phosphate salt powder fire extinguisher, foam fire extinguisher or alkyl halide fire extinguisher for place of fire A Select foam fire extinguisher, sodium bicarbonate powder fire extinguisher, ammonium phosphate salt powder fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, water-type fire extinguisher or alkyl halide fire extinguisher for place of fire B. Select anti-solvent fire extinguisher for place of fire B with polar solvent Select ammonium phosphate salt powder fire extinguisher, sodium bicarbonate powder fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide fire extinguisher for place of fire C. 4,2.4 Select special fire extinguisher for place of fire D (metal fire) Select ammonium phosphate salt powder fire extinguisher, sodium bicarbonate powder fire extinguisher, alkyl halide fire extinguisher or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher for place of fire E. Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher with metal trumpet shall be absolutely forbidden Unnecessary place shall not be provided with alkyl halide fire extinguisher. For examples please refer to Appendix F of this Code. Necessary place can be provided with alkyl halide fire extinguisher.

7 7 Extinguisher Distribution Design and Calculation 7.1 General Extinguisher distribution shall be designed and calcul ated according to calculation unit. The calculated val ue of minimum fire rating and minimum quantity of extinguishers needed shall be round-off numbers The actual fire rating and quantity of extinguishers shall not be less than that of the calculated value of minimum fire rating and minimum quantity of extinguishers The location and quantity of extinguishers distributed sha ll be determined according to the maximum travel distance of extinguisher, and ensure that the most unfavorable point is located within the travel scope of one extinguisher at least. 7.2 Calculation unit The calculation unit of extinguisher distribution shall be divided according to the fo llowing requirements: 1 When the danger rating and fire type are the same among all locations within one floor or horizontal fire prevention region, it can be used as one calculation unit. 2 When the danger rating and fire type are different among all locations within one floor or horizontal fire prevention region, it shall be divided into different calculation units. 3 The same calculation unit shall not exceed fire prevention region or floor The protection area of calculation unit shall comply with the fo llowing requirements: 1 In case of building, it shall be determined according to its building area; 2 In case of open piling yard for flammable substance, storage tank area of fluid classes A, B, C or storage tank of flammable gas. it shall be determined according to the floor area of pile or storage tank. 7.3 Distribution design calculation The minimum fire rating needed by calculation unit shall be calculated according to the following fo rmula: Q=KSIU (7.3.1) Where Q-Minimum fire rating needed by calculation unit (A or B); S-Protection area (m 2 ) of calculation unit; U-Maximum protection area of unit fire rating in fire place of class A or class B(m 2 /A I I K-Correction coefficient The correctio n coefficient shall comply with Table Tabie Correction coefficient Calculation unit K Without indoors hydrant or fire fighting system 1. 0 With indoors hydrant system 0.9 \Vith fire fo:hting system 0.7 With indoors lwdrant or fire fightini:: system 0.5 Open piling yard for flammable substance storage tank area of fluid classes A, B, C storai::e tank of flammable i::as 0.3 i I I I 7

8 7.3.3 The minimum fire rating needed by calculatio n unit of dance and recreation place. internet bar, shop. temple and underground place shall be calcu lated according to the following formula: Q=l.3KSIU (7.3.3) The minimum fire rating of each extinguisher distribution location in calculation unit shall be calculated according to the fo llowing fo rmula: Qe=QIN (7.3.4) Where Qe-The minimum fire rating of each extinguisher distribution location in calculation unit IA or B): N-Quanti ty of extinguisher distri bution locations in calculation unil The extinguisher di stributi on can be designed and calculated according to the fol lowi ng procedure: 1 Determine the fire class and danger rating of the distribution piace of each extinguisher: 2 Divide calcul ~a ti on unit calculate the protection area of each calculation unit; 3 Calculate the minimum fire rating of each calculati on unit; 4 Determine the locations and quantity of fire extinguisher distributed in each calculation unit: 5 Calculate the minimum fire rating of each fire extinguisher location; 6 Determine the type, specification and quantity of fire extinguisher at each di stribution location; 7 Determine the setting mode and requirement of each fire extinguisher 8 Indicate the model, quantity and distribution location of fire extinguisher by means of legend and words on engineering drawing. 8

Code for Design of Gas Fire Extinguishing Systems

UDC NATIONAL STANDARD ~,~c,c 1:1 OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA 9=t $A~~ *'1 ffil IE *ijfte p GB 50370-2005 Code for Design of Gas Fire Extinguishing Systems Date of issuing: March 2, 2006 Date of enforcement: