Benefiting Government, Industry and the Public Through Innovative Science and Technology. Barry L. Badders, Jr. P.E.

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1 Benefiting Government, Industry and the Public Through Innovative Science and Technology Barry L. Badders, Jr. P.E. 7 December 2011

2 Part 1 Non-Combustibility Test Part 3 Test for A, B,, and F Class Divisions Part 4 Test for Fire Door Control Systems Part 11 Test for Fire Resisting Division of High- Speed Craft 7 December

3 K.I.S.S. reads like stereo instructions Refer to Current FTP - not the changes 1 st discuss what is currently required Then discuss the changes 7 December

4 International Maritime Organization (IMO) Fire Test Procedure Code (FTP Code) Currently has 9 Parts Part 1 Non-Combustibility Test Part 2 Smoke and Toxicity Test Part 3 Test for A, B,, and F Class Divisions Part 4 Test for Fire Door Control Systems Part 5 Test for Surface Flammability Part 6 Test for Primary Deck Coverings Part 7 Test for Vertically Supported Textiles and Films Part 8 Test for Upholstered Furniture Part 9 Test for Bedding Components 7 December

5 Has 11 Parts Part 1 Non-Combustibility Test Part 2 Smoke and Toxicity Test Part 3 Test for A, B,, and F Class Divisions Part 4 Test for Fire Door Control Systems Part 5 Test for Surface Flammability Part 6 Test for Primary Deck Coverings Part 7 Test for Vertically Supported Textiles and Films Part 8 Test for Upholstered Furniture Part 9 Test for Bedding Components Part 10 Test for Fire-Restricting Materials for High-Speed Craft Part 11 Test for Fire-Restricting Divisions of High- Speed Craft 7 December

6 Where a material is required to be non-combustible, it shall be determined in accordance with this part. Current Current FTP Code: Requires test to ISO 1182:1990 with modified acceptance criteria 7 December

7 Tube Furnace (Cylinder) 150 mm high 75 mm internal diameter Electric heating element Cone-shaped airflow stabilizer on bottom Draught (draft) shield on top Three thermocouples Furnace Specimen Center Specimen Surface Provides a specific design, but states other designs may be used. 7 December

8 7 December

9 Thermocouples Furnace (one): Mid-height and 10 ± 0.5 mm from wall Specimen (two): Geometric center Surface at mid-height and opposite furnace thermocouple 7 December

10 Shape and size: Cylindrical with volume of 76 ± 8 cm 3 50 ± 3 mm high 45 +0, -22 mm Ø Layers Stack to obtain the 50 mm height Loose fill Representative in appearance, density, etc. as in use Non-homogenous? Requires five identical specimens Conditioned (dried) to constant weight 60 C C for 20 h to 24 h 7 December

11 7 December

12 Record the specimen s s weight Stabilize the furnace to 750 ± 5 C The specimen has to be inserted within 5 s Start the timing device immediately following insertion Minimum test time is 30 min Cool specimen in desiccator and weigh with all recovered char, ash and other debris Repeat for 5 specimens 7 December

13 Record mass before and after for each specimen, report the % loss for each and average for the five Record observations relating to the behavior of the specimen Note occurrence and duration of any flaming Defines sustained flaming as 5 s or longer Report the sum of the recorded durations of sustained flaming for each specimen and the average for the five Initial, maximum, and final temperatures Furnace temperature rise Specimen center temperature rise (max-final) Specimen surface temperature rise 7 December

14 Current FTP is more stringent than ISO 1182:1990 Current FTP Average furnace thermocouple rise 30 C C (vs. 50 C) Average surface thermocouple rise 30 C C (vs. 50 C) Mean duration of sustained flaming 10 s (vs. 20 s) Average mass loss 50% 7 December

15 Your conducting a test, on the first specimen, at 2 s into the test t flaming occurs and lasts for 4 s. Flaming occurs again at 10 s and lasts for 4 s. This same pattern repeats at 20 s, 30 s, and 40 s. ISO 1182:1990, Section 7.2.2: Note the occurrence of any sustained flaming and record the duration of such flaming. Sustained flaming shall be taken as the continuous presence of flames caused by the specimen lasting 5 s or longer (see annex B, clause B.9). B.9 Flaming is sometimes difficult to identify. Some specimens exhibit only a continuous glow (corona): this should not be timed d but should, nevertheless, be noted under Observations during the test (see 7.2, clause 9, and annex C). 7 December

16 1. How do you record this observation? 2. What is the application for the criteria? (Recall that we report the sum of the recorded durations of sustained flaming for each specimen and the average for the five) 7 December

17 Adds Appendix with the procedure and a normative reference to ISO 1182 Looks a lot like ISO 1182:2002 Included added definitions Theoretically should yield the same results (within repeatability and reproducibility limits) 7 December

18 Furnace stabilization During the 10 min stabilization, adds maximum deviation from average temperature of not more than 10 C C in 10 min. Other requirements remain Adds control measurement Moisture content Organic content 7 December

19 Adds and observation requirement Start observation of flaming before the specimen is lowered into the furnace. Only test for 30 min No stabilization required to end test 7 December

20 Where products (such as decks, bulkheads, doors, ceilings, linings, windows, fire dampers, pipe penetrations and cable transits) are required to be A or B or F class divisions, they shall comply with this part. Current Current FTP Code: Testing in accordance with Resolution A.754(18) 7 December

21 Changes/corrects the bulkhead and deck sizes Bulkhead 2,400 mm wide x 2,500 mm high Deck 2,440 mm wide x 3,040 mm high 7 December

22 Thermal Radiation Test Supplement to Fire Resistance tests for Windows in A, B,, and F Class Divisions Test in accordance with Resolution A.754(18) Added instrument(s) 7 December

23 Water-cooled heat flux gauge 7 December

24 Criteria 7 December

25 Studies by Stoll and Greene (1958) 7 December

26 Continuous B Class Divisions Optional May be requested by the Administration Test in accordance with Resolution A.754(18) Ceilings Mounted on Horizontal Furnace with 150mm high B class bulkheads between ceiling and furnace. Classified as continuous B-( B ( 0, 15, 30 as applicable) class ceilings. Provides for an exception for tested linings and enclosed construction installed on A class decks 7 December

27 Recommendation on Fire Resistance Tests for A, B and F Class Division Material Applicability Very broad with specific modifications in test procedure to accommodate Pass/Fail Criteria (typical) Structural integrity Insulation integrity 7 December

28 A and B are the More Common Classes of Divisions A-class are steel or equivalent B-class includes composites or stud/sheathing systems H class divisions? Nomenclature Provides Some Insight into Level of Protection Required by Code A-0, A-15, A A-30, A A-60A B-0, B-15, B B-30B Class Society and/or Administration requirements Versatile Test Method (Bulkheads, dampers, windows, etc.) 7 December

29 A class bulkheads - 2,400 mm wide x 2,500 mm high Specific steel construction 4.5 mm plate 65 x 65 x 6.0 mm angle stiffeners spaced 600 mm Specific aluminum construction 6.0 mm plate 100 x 75 x 9.0 mm angle stiffeners spaced 600 mm 7 December

30 7 December

31 A class decks - 2,440 mm wide x 3,440 mm high Specific steel construction 4.5 mm plate 100 x 70 x 8.0 mm angle stiffeners spaced 600 mm Specific aluminum construction 6.0 mm plate 150 x 100 x 9.0 mm angle stiffeners spaced 600 mm 7 December

32 7 December

33 A class doors Test Maximum size (limited by available furnaces) Test in A class bulkhead Stiffeners face away from the furnace Insulation on the fire exposed side Insulation of the same class as door being sought by the door Door opens away from the furnace Sliding doors may need to be tested from both sides 7 December

34 B and F class bulkheads - 2,400 mm wide x 2,500 mm high Panels test a least one at full width B and F class decks - 2,440 mm wide x 3,440 mm high Panels test a least one at full width B and F class doors Test maximum size Test in B class bulkhead Door opens away from the furnace Sliding doors may need to be tested from both sides 7 December

35 Materials Control measurements Non-combustibility Thickness Density Moisture Content Binder Content Conditioning Air dry condition prior to test 7 December

36 Instrumentation Furnace Bare wire (exposed junction) thermocouple Use min of 6 Pressure probe 2 designs to chose from Unexposed temperature 12 x 0.2 mm thin copper disc 30 x 30 x 2 mm insulation pad 7 December

37 7 December

38 7 December

39 7 December

40 7 December

41 Five center and each quadrant (only ones used in average) Two one on each of the central stiffeners Two joints if any Two joint intersections if any Two each joint detail if more than one Additional at the discretion of the testing laboratory or Administration special features or details All in upper half for bulkheads except the lower quadrant thermocouples 7 December

42 7 December

43 Five center and each quadrant (only one used in average) Two vertical (longitudinal) joint, if any Two joint intersections, if any Two each joint detail if more than one Additional at the discretion of the testing laboratory or Administration special features or details All in upper half for bulkheads except the lower quadrant thermocouples 7 December

44 7 December

45 Five center and each quadrant 100 mm from edges, stiffeners, or hardware (only ones used in the average) Two stiffeners (continuous or discontinuous) Additional at the discretion of the testing laboratory or Administration special features or details All in upper half of door except the lower quadrant thermocouples Double leaf door requirements apply to both Windows in doors? 7 December

46 Five center and each quadrant Same locations as five unexposed surface temperature measurements Fixed to the core - peened 7 December

47 Cotton-wool pad Gap gauges 6 mm 25 mm 7 December

48 7 December

49 7 December

50 Furnace Temperature T = 345 log 10 (8t + 1) +20 T is temperature in C, t is time in min 5 min 576 C 10 min 679 C 15 min 738 C 30 min 841 C 60 min 945 C 7 December

51 1000 FURNACE AVERAGE TEMPERATURES Temperature ( C) Standard Curve Furn. Avg Time (min.) 7 December

52 Furnace Pressure Vertical oriented specimens Neutral pressure plane at 500 mm above notional floor Horizontal oriented specimens 20 Pa at a location 100 mm below the specimen Duration of the test A Class 60 min B Class 30 min 7 December

53 Insulation A class division Temperature rise 140 C C for the five thermocouples Temperature rise 180 C C for any thermocouple B class division Temperature rise 140 C C for the five thermocouples Temperature rise 225 C C for any thermocouple Structural core of aluminum alloy Temperature rise 200 C C for the five thermocouples 7 December

54 Integrity For all classes Flaming no flaming on unexposed face Cotton-wool pad no ignition Gap gauges 6-mm gauge pass through and move 150 mm along gap 25-mm gauge pass through 7 December

55 Letter is class rating based integrity duration A class is 60 min B class is 30 min Number is minute-rating based on insulation A-0, A-15, A A-30, A A-60A B-0, B-15, B B-30B 7 December

56 Assembly shows the passage of flames at 43 min, the temperatures are exceeded at 48 min B-30 Assembly shows the passage of flames at 61 min, the temperatures are exceeded at 48 min A-30 Assembly shows the passage of flames at 28 min, the temperatures are exceeded at 59 min No Rating 7 December

57 You competitor is touting an A-120 rating. What does that mean? Do you need one too? 7 December

58 Addressed in Appendix A.I Generally follow requirements for A class doors For windows in doors, test in the door Test maximum size for which approval is sought Five thermocouples center and each quadrant Four thermocouples frame at mid length of each edge Don t t forget the heat flux gauge (Part 3, additional instrumentation) 60-min furnace exposure as previously described 7 December

59 Hose Stream test Optional in FTP but USCG requires it for windows over 100 in 2 Conducted immediately following the furnace exposure 19-mm nozzle, 310 kpa water pressure 0.65 min/m 2 7 December

60 7 December

61 Temperature rise 140 C C for the five thermocouples Temperature rise 180 C C for any thermocouple Heat Flux No openings that pass water to the unexposed side during hose stream 7 December

62 Addressed in Appendix A.II Test in A-60 A fixture Test the largest and smallest, each type and each orientation, or your limited to what you tested Damper installed with coaming or spigot Combined length of damper and coaming 900 mm Damper on exposed face with operative controls 450 mm on each side Damper at least 225 mm from core Open for start of test 7 December

63 Instrumentation Four thermocouples total two at each location On insulation 25 mm from unexposed surface On surface of coaming 25 mm from where the coaming emerges 7 December

64 Criteria Integrity requirements (mainly) 6 mm and 25 mm gaps Indication of degree of closure No flaming through the damper Temperature requirements left to the Administration 7 December

65 Addressed in Appendix A.III Test in A-60 A fixture Test the largest and smallest, each type and each orientation, or your limited to what you tested Project 500 mm into the furnace and 500 mm out of the furnace Exposed end is blanked off 7 December

66 Instrumentation Two at each location On surface of pipe 25 mm from where it emerges from the seal On pipe penetration 25 mm from unexposed face of insulation On surface of any insulation or filling material used between the pipe and any coaming or spigot Additional may be required depending on the complexity 7 December

67 Criteria Integrity requirements (mainly) 6 mm and 25 mm gaps No flaming through the penetration Maximum temperature rise 180 C C if required by the Administration Average temperature rise is not relevant Similar to F and T ratings 7 December

68 Addressed in Appendix A.IV Test in A-60 A fixture Test the largest and smallest, each type and each orientation, or your limited to what you tested Cables project 500 mm into the furnace and 500 mm out of the furnace Test with range of types and sizes No more than 40% of inside cross sectional area occupied by cables 7 December

69 Instrumentation Two positions on the outer perimeter of frame, box or comaing 25 mm from unexposed surface of the division Two positions on the face of the sealant or material, 25 mm from a cable On surface of each type of cable, 25 mm from face of sealant or material Additional may be required depending on the complexity 7 December

70 Criteria Integrity requirements (mainly) 6 mm and 25 mm gaps No flaming through the penetration Maximum temperature rise 180 C C when required by the Administration Average temperature rise is not relevant Similar to F and T ratings 7 December

71 Resolution A.754(18) is incorporated Rearranged Provides Clarification Aluminum decks with insulation below results apply only to decks with bare tops. Aluminum decks to have a covering shall be tested with the covering Doors bolted into fixture test Administration may also accept welded into fixture Doors mounted with 3-sided 3 frame mount with 12 mm to 25 mm gap at the bottom Lift landing doors exposed from corridor side 7 December

72 Adds low flame-spread characteristics and references Part 5 Furnace thermocouple change Now requires the plate thermometers 7 December

73 7 December

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78 Clarification and addition of thermocouples added to B class doors Do not place thermocouples on perforated area of grille or 100 mm zone around it. Do not place thermocouples over the face of ventilation grilles Doors with top panels heights of top panel 225 mm thermocouples shall be installed on the top panel and on the joints and/or joining profile 125 mm above top of door. How many? 7 December

79 Adds a 12 mm gap gauge to integrity tools Used to evaluate gap under doors with 3 sided frames no change in gap shall not increase by more than 12 mm Clarification for intumescent seals Gap gauge test performed as if no intumescent is present Adds termination of test section Safety of personnel and equipment Attainment of Criteria Request of Sponsor 7 December

80 Dampers Clarify dimensions Minimum 250 mm from structural core to centerline of damper Minimum 500 mm of coaming on unexposed side Minimum 450 mm of insulation on coaming on unexposed side Pipe and duct penetrations A-0 0 penetrations must be tested Recommends testing A-0 A 0 penetrations in A-0 A 0 fixtures. If tested in A-60, A no insulation within 200 mm 7 December

81 Cable transit penetrations A-0 0 penetrations must be tested Recommends testing A-0 A 0 penetrations in A-0 A 0 fixtures. If tested in A-60, A no insulation within 200 mm Test conducted for maximum and minimum fill For the deck orientation, when transit is fitted on exposed side, either side is approved. When transit is fitted to unexposed side, the approval is limited for that application. For Bulkhead, when transit is fitted on either side, both sides are required to be tested 7 December

82 Where a control system of fire doors is required to be able to operate in case of fire, the system shall comply with this part. New New part? Not really Existed in Resolution MSC.45(65) 7 December

83 Test Procedures for Fire-Resisting Divisions of High- Speed Craft Fire-resisting resisting (FR) properties ability to insulate/protect an area from influence of fire in an adjoining area Moderate fire hazard requires Fire-Resisting Division 30 Major fire hazard requires Fire-Resisting Division 60 7 December

84 Testing is generally in accordance with A.754(18) 30-min duration for FR30 60-min duration for FR60 Criteria same as A.754(18) Insulation Integrity 7 December

85 Three ways to test fire-resisting resisting division Non-load bearing FR division Follow B class requirements Load-bearing FR division having structural core presupposed in A.754(18) for A class division Follow A class requirements Other load-bearing FR division Follow B class requirements Tested with prescribed static load 7 kn/m of width bulkheads 3.5 kn/m 2 of area for decks 7 December

86 7 December

87 Minor clarification additions on loading relative to fixturing and what is to be included in final report (more detail) 7 December

Test Test a prototype on a A class fixture No openings in fixture Door is a

88 Where a control system of fire doors is required to be able to operate in case of fire, the system shall comply with this part. Test Test a prototype on a A class fixture No openings in fixture Door is a model with weight of heaviest door to be actuated Sliding doors use original tracks and rollers 7 December

89 7 December

90 Furnace Control Heat to 200 C C within 5 min Hold at 200 C C for first 60-min period Operate the door every 5 min for first 60 min Increase the furnace temperature following the standard curve starting at 200 C C and going to 945 C Automatic switchover of control at an average furnace temperature of 300 C, keep door closed for remainder of test. 7 December

91 7 December

92 Added details for reporting requirements But don t t forget furnace control is with the plate thermometer since Part 3 is referenced 7 December

93 Barry Badders (210) December 2011

IMO COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE FIRE TEST PROCEDURES CODE

IMO COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE FIRE TEST PROCEDURES CODE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION E IMO SUB-COMMITTEE ON FIRE PROTECTION 50th session Agenda item 10 FP 50/10/1 25 October 2005 Original: ENGLISH COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE FIRE TEST PROCEDURES CODE