漫漫求索科研路 西南交通大学竢实扬华奖章答辩. Evacuation Case Studies and Evacuation Data. Junmin Chen Southwest Jiaotong University 地图学与地理信息工程 2010 级博士研究生

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1 漫漫求索科研路 西南交通大学竢实扬华奖章答辩 刘刚 Evacuation Case Studies and Evacuation Data 地图学与地理信息工程 Junmin Chen Southwest Jiaotong University 2010 级博士研究生 地球科学与环境工程学院 Department 第 of 1 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 1 页

2 Research background and significance Experiment and analysis method The Results and Discussion Conclusion Department 第 of 2 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 2 页

3 Tianfu Square Station of Chengdu Metro, 4 floors,25m underground. Line 10 of Nanjing Metro, crossing the river, 58m underground. Majiayan station of Chongqing metro, line 1, 60m underground Transportation hub of Tianjin station, 32m underground. Line 2 of Nanjing Metro, crossing the river, 47m underground. Yujiabao railway station of jing-jin interurban railway, 65m underground. Xihu park metro station of Changsha metro, 4floors, 38m underground. Guangzhou East Railwa y Station of Guangzhou Metro, 40m underground. Dongsi station of Beijing Subway, 4 lines transfer in this station, 34m underground. Shapingba Transportation hub of Chognqing, 7 floors, 36.5m underground. Hongtudi station of Chongqing rail transit, line 6, 61m underground. Department 第 of 3 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 3 页

4 Derail accident of Chicago transit, more than 100 injured. Train fire accident in the English Channel Tunnel, result in invalid of the tunnel, and 14 individuals injured. Explosion in Minsk subway of Belarus, 11 died, 126 injured. Subway fire accident in Daegu, South Korea. Killed about 200 people and injured 147 individuals. Power failure accident of London Underground, more than 4000 people were trapped in tunnel. Busan, South Korea Subway collision accident, more than 100 people were injured. Washington D.C. two underground trains collided, caused 9 died and 14 injured. New York subway fire accident, 15 injured and around 4000 people were evacuated. Explosion accident in the center of Madrid Atocha station. Caused 173 people died, 300 individuals injured. Subway fire accident in Hong Kong Metro, injured 14 and about 1200 people were evacuated. Department 第 of 4 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 4 页

5 Lobby Stairwell Lobby Experiment settings 20th R=50cm 18th 19th 70cm 95cm 13cm 180cm 364cm 178cm 16cm 27cm cm (a) 2nd 1st 3rd (a) Section diagrammatic of stairwell; 256cm (b) Plan of stairwell 1-2 (Unit: cm); R=50cm 35cm 85cm 20cm 140cm 442cm 140cm (c) Plan of stairwell 1-2 (Unit: cm); (d) Size diagrammatic of step (Unit: cm) Figure1. The dimension of the staircase in the study Department 第 of 5 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 5 页 (b) Figure2. The view of the staircase in lighting-out condition: a on the inside of the stair; b on the outside of the stair.

6 Visibility Parameters Based on lambert-beer law, when the light of wavelength λ go through the somke: I I 0 exp( CS L) T % exp C S L Experiment condition Condition of lighting system I I 0 Table1. Terms of the evacuation experiment. Condition of eye shield Figure3. People putting on the eye-patch. smoke density visibility 1 On - - >20m Off On 27% 3-6m m On 16% 6-0m m Department 第 of 6 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 6 页

7 The Probability Distribution of Evacuation Time Percentage(%) Percentage(%) Percentage(%) Percengtage(%) (a) (b) Figure3. Condition 1:a ; b female. (a) (b) Figure5. Condition 3:a ; b female. Percentage(%) Percentage(%) Percentage(%) Percentage(%) (a) (b) Figure4. Condition 2:a ; b female. (a) (b) Figure6. Condition 4:a ; b female. Department 第 of 7 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 7 页

8 The Ascent Speed Table2. Experimental result in Condition 1. Gender Max velocity Min velocity Ascent speed( m/s) Gyu-Yeob Jeon 1.28m/s 3m/s 0.97m/s 3m/s Jeon 1.34m/s-1.69m/s Table3. Experimental result in Condition 2. Gender Max evacuation speed Min evacuation speed 0.97m/s 0m/s 0.82m/s 1m/s Jeon 1.23m/s-1.61m/s Ascent speed( m/s) Figure7. Condition 1 Gyu-Yeob Jeon Figure8. Condition 2 Department 第 of 8 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 8 页

9 The Ascent Speed Table4. Experimental result in Condition 3. Gender Max velocity Min velocity Ascent speed( m/s) Gyu-Yeob Jeon 0.84m/s 7m/s 5m/s 5m/s Jeon 2m/s-4m/s Table5. Experimental result in Condition 4. Gender Max velocity Min velocity 2m/s 8m/s 5m/s 4m/s Jeon 1m/s-1m/s Ascent speed( m/s) Figure9. Condition 3 Gyu-Yeob Jeon Figure10. Condition 4 Department 第 of 9 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 9 页

10 The Cumulative Average speeds Table6. Experimental result in Condition 1. Gender Max velocity Min velocity The difference 1.28m/s 0.79m/s 9m/s 0.97m/s 2m/s 6m/s Choi 0.75m/s for males and 3m/s for females Table7. Experimental result in Condition 2. Gender Max velocity Min velocity The difference 0.97m/s 0.70m/s 7m/s 0.83m/s 0m/s 3m/s Jun-Ho Choi Figure11. Condition 1: a ; b. Jun-Ho Choi Figure12. Condition 2: a ; b. Department 第 of 10 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 10 页

11 The Cumulative Average speeds Table8. Experimental result in Condition 3. Gender Max velocity Min velocity The difference 0.84m/s 9m/s 5m/s 5m/s 6m/s 6m/s Table9. Experimental result in Condition 4. Gender Max velocity Min velocity The difference 5m/s 2m/s 3m/s 7m/s 6m/s 1m/s Figure13. Condition 3: a ; b. Figure14. Condition 4: a ; b. Department 第 of 11 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 11 页

12 The Ratio of Handrail Utilization Ratio of handrail uitlization 0.8 Condiation1 Condiation2 Condiation3 Condiation4 Visibility Conditions Figure15. The ration of handrail utilization Ratio of handrail utilization Ratio of handrail utilization Department 第 of 12 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 12 页 Ratio of handrail utilization 0.8 Figure16. Condition 1 Figure17. Condition 2 Ratio of handrail utilization 0.8 Figure18. Condition 3 Figure19. Condition 4

13 In the condition of changes in visibility by indoor ordinary lights, males and females ascent speeds showed a steady trend after the first decrease. In the condition of changes in visibility by smoke, males and females ascent speeds showed no obvious changes with the ascending floors. Participates were likely to use the handrail throughout the upward movement. In Condition1 and Condition 2, participants used the handrail in upward movement process as physical exertion. In Condition 3 and Condition 4, participants used handrail to identify the direction of movement.. s were likely more affected by the visibility of the stairs than males, and males ability to adapt to the environment were superior to females. Department 第 of 13 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 13 页

14 Department 第 of 14 页 Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University 第 14 页