GENERAL SPECIFICATION SAFETY

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1 GENERAL SPECIFICATION SAFETY GS EP SAF 221 Safety rules for buildings 04 01/2011 Minor changes in appendices 5 & /2009 Complete review and update 02 10/2005 Addition of EP root to document identification 01 10/2003 Change of Group name and logo 00 04/2001 Old TotalFina SP SEC 221 Rev. Date Notes Owner: EP/HSE Managing entity: EP/HSE

2 Contents 1. Scope Purpose Applicability Reference documents Terms and Definitions Buildings in the restricted area Pressurization and ventilation Minimisation of ignition sources Fire and Gas detection Blast protection Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Active Fire Protection Escape, evacuation and rescue Safety requirements for electrical equipment General Out-of-reach of electrical equipment Restriction of access to electrical rooms Layout First aid Human comfort and health Human comfort Human health Safety to life from fire in buildings Introduction Fundamental requirements Classifications Means of egress Fire protection features Smoke control / smoke ventilation Page 2/56

3 7.7 Interior finish Fire detection and fire protection Communication General Radio room Catering General Kitchen Laundry Waste disposal Sewage Waste disposal Appendix 1 Fire class ratings of partitions Appendix 2 Out-of-reach by position in electrical rooms Appendix 3 Out-of-reach by protection in electrical rooms Appendix 4 Admissible displacement and vibrations Appendix 5 Maximum noise limits Appendix 6 Noise exposure limit values specific to personnel protection at the work place 53 Appendix 7 Potable water specification Page 3/56

4 1. Scope 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this General Specification is to define the safety requirements and recommendations for buildings used in the hydrocarbon production and processing industry. This document covers four main classes of requirements related to: The safety of buildings inside the restricted area The safety requirements for electrical equipment inside the buildings The safety requirements to comply with during the design of buildings to preserve human life in case of a fire The safety of buildings where humans are accommodated. 1.2 Applicability This specification is not retroactive. It shall apply to new installations and to major modifications or extensions of existing installations. This specification applies to onshore and offshore installations with the exception of chapter 7, which is only valid for onshore buildings. For offshore buildings IMO SOLAS (2004 edition) and subsequent amendments shall apply. This specification is limited to buildings for occupancies commonly used by Company, such as small assemblies, hotels and lodgings (respectively large and small living quarters), offices (business), industrial and storage enclosures. It also covers buildings containing electrical equipment and special equipment such as gas turbines, enclosed process units and internal combustion engines (refer also to GS EP SAF 222). This specification does not cover other types of buildings which are not commonly encountered on facilities operated by Company, e.g. large assemblies, buildings where occupants are not physically or mentally capable, apartment buildings, family dwellings, mercantile where public can access and high-rise buildings. The present document should not be considered as a substitute for proper design, specification, construction, security, inspection and maintenance of buildings. It does not cover, in particular: The design and construction requirements for building and utilities located outside the restricted area (refer to GS EP CIV 401) The safety requirements for the layout of installations, both onshore and offshore (refer to GS EP SAF 021 and GS EP SAF 253) The assessment of the type & degree of the ventilation and the need of pressurization systems (refer to GS EP SAF 216) The basis of HVAC design (refer to GS EP HVA 100) The principles of the partition of the installation into fire zones (refer to GS EP SAF 253) The characteristics of automatic Fire & Gas detection systems (refer to GS EP SAF 312) Page 4/56

5 The safety requirements for the emergency control systems (refer to GS EP SAF 371). The design and installation of Active Fire Protection means (refer to GS EP SAF 311, GS EP SAF 321, GS EP SAF 322, GS EP SAF 331 and GS EP SAF 334) The use of Passive Fire Protection means (refer to GS EP SAF 337) The Escape, Evacuation and Rescue means and procedures (refer to GS EP SAF 351). 2. Reference documents The reference documents listed below form an integral part of this General Specification. Unless otherwise stipulated, the applicable version of these documents, including relevant appendices and supplements, is the latest revision published at the EFFECTIVE DATE of the CONTRACT. Standards Reference Title ISO 9612 Acoustics- Determination of occupational noise exposure- Engineering method ISO Petroleum and natural gas industries Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations Requirements and guidelines Professional Documents Reference ANSI Z API RP 14G ASME/ANSI A17.1 ASTM E84-09a ASTM E ASTM F ASTM F 1323 DOE (ISBN ) ILO R164 Title American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators Standard Test Method for surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials Standard Test Method for Behaviour of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 C Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators Offshore Installations: Guidance on design, construction and certification. Health and Safety Executive (previously DOE Department Of Energy), Great Britain, 3rd edition, H.M.S.O London, (amendments of 06/1992 and 06-12/1993) Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation, International Labour Organisation, 22 June 1981 Page 5/56

6 Reference IMO MODU Code IP 15 NFPA 10 NFPA 13 NFPA 14 NFPA 17 NFPA 31 NFPA 54 NFPA 58 NFPA 70E NFPA 80 NFPA 82 NFPA 90A NFPA 92A NFPA 101 NFPA 220 NFPA 251 NFPA 252 NFPA 253 NFPA 255 NFPA 257 NFPA 259 NFPA 265 NFPA 703 Title Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, International Maritime Organisation, (Cons. 2001). Area Classification Code for Installations handling Flammable Fluids: Part 15 of the IP Mode Code of Safe Practice in the Petroleum Industry, 3 rd edition, July 2005 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment National Fuel Gas Code Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace Standard for Fire Doors and other Opening Protectives Standard on Incinerators, Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment Standard for Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems Standard for Smoke-Control Systems utilizing barriers and pressure differences Life Safety Code Standard on Types of Building Construction Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Resistance of Building Construction and Materials Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies Standard Method of Test for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials Standard on Fire Tests of Window and Glass Block Assemblies Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Room Fire Growth Contribution of Textile Coverings on Full Height Panels and Walls Standard for Fire-Retardant treated Wood and Fire-Retardant Coatings for Buildings Materials Page 6/56

7 Regulations Reference Directive 96/82/EC Directive 98/83/EC Directive 2003/10/EC Decree no (French Regulation) Decree no (French Regulation) IMO MARPOL 73/78 IMO SOLAS Title Council Directive 96/82/EC of 9 December 1996 on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous substances Council Directive 98/83/CE of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption Council Directive 2003/10/EC of 6 February 2003 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise) Décret pris pour l'exécution des dispositions du livre II du code du travail (titre III: Hygiène, sécurité et conditions du travail) en ce qui concerne la protection des travailleurs dans les établissements qui mettent en œuvre des courants électriques, 24 novembre 1988 Liste des prescriptions réglementaires que doivent respecter les travailleurs indépendants ainsi que les employeurs lorsqu ils exercent directement une activité sur un chantier du bâtiment ou de génie civil, 6 mai 1995 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL)" and subsequent amendments International Convention for the Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS), 1974 and subsequent amendments Codes Reference Not applicable Title Other documents Reference ASCE Journal Title Human Response to Motions in Tall Buildings, Fu-Kuei-Chang, Journal of the Structural Division, Vol 99, N 6, June 1973 Page 7/56

8 Total General Specifications Reference GS EP CIV 401 GS EP CIV 403 GS EP COR 353 GS EP ELE 081 GS EP ENV 001 GS EP ENV 421 GS EP HVA 100 GS EP MED 060 GS EP MED 061 GS EP MED 062 GS EP SAF 021 GS EP SAF 216 GS EP SAF 222 GS EP SAF 227 GS EP SAF 228 GS EP SAF 253 GS EP SAF 261 GS EP SAF 262 GS EP SAF 311 GS EP SAF 312 GS EP SAF 321 GS EP SAF 322 GS EP SAF 331 GS EP SAF 332 GS EP SAF 334 GS EP SAF 337 GS EP SAF 351 GS EP SAF 371 Title Minimum requirements for buildings design and construction Temporary construction camps and associated facilities (onshore) Design and application of passive fire protection coatings Lighting Environmental requirements for Projects Design and E&P Activities Landfill design and operation for E&P sites HVAC Basis of design Onsite medical structures Medical support for E&P sites Hygiene in onshore bases and offshore living quarters Layout Area classification Safety rules for turbines, diesel engines, gas engines and process units in sheltered or enclosed areas Safety rules for fired heaters Liquid drainage Impacted area, restricted area and fire zones Emergency Shut-Down and Emergency De-Pressurisation (ESD & EDP) Pressure protection relief and hydrocarbon disposal systems Rules for the selection of fire-fighting systems Fire and Gas detection systems Fire pump stations and fire water mains Fixed fire water systems Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems Water mist and gaseous fixed fire extinguishing systems Foam fire extinguishing systems Passive Fire Protection: Basis of design Escape, evacuation and rescue from fixed installations Emergency control facilities Page 8/56

9 3. Terms and Definitions There are three types of statements in this General Specification: shall, should and may. They shall be understood as follows: Shall Is to be understood as mandatory. Any deviation from a shall statement requires a derogation approved by the Company. Should May Is to be understood as strongly recommended to comply with the requirements of the specification. Alternatives shall provide a similar level of protection and this shall be documented. Is used where alternatives are equally acceptable. For the purpose of this document only, the following terms and definitions apply: Active Fire Protection (AFP) Authority Having Jurisdiction Buildings Continuous grade release Credible event Escape Evacuation Fire and Gas system Fuel source Hazardous Area / Zone Equipment, systems and methods which, following initiation may be used to control, mitigate and extinguish fires (ISO 13702). Organisation, agency or individual responsible for approving an equipment, an installation or a procedure (NFPA 101). Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use of occupancy (NFPA 101). Release that is continuous or nearly so (IP 15). A release shall be considered as continuous if it is likely to be present for more than 1000 hours per year. Incident likely to occur within a concerned area. Used for the definition of fire zones. Consequences corresponding to a credible event of a given fire zone shall not impact other fire zones (Company). Act of personnel moving away from a hazardous event to a place where its effects are reduced or removed (ISO 13702). Planned method of leaving the installation in an emergency (ISO 13702). Safety system which monitors the temperature or the energy flux (fire), the concentration of flammable or toxic gases (gas), and initiates relevant actions (alarm, ESD, EDP active fire-fighting, electrical isolation, etc.) at pre-determined levels (Company). Same as ISO definition of "source of release": point from which flammable gas, liquid or a combination of both can be released into the atmosphere. Zone 0: part of a hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is continuously present, or present for long periods (IP 15). Page 9/56

10 Ignition source Installation Muster area PAGA Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Primary grade release Rescue Restricted area Secondary grade release Source of release Zone 1: part of the hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation (IP 15). Zone 2: part of the hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal operation and, if it occurs, will only exist for a short period (IP 15). Source of temperature and energy sufficient to initiate combustion (API RP 14G). Technical unit in which dangerous substances are produced, used, handled or stored, including all the equipment, structures, pipework, machinery, tools, private railway sidings, docks, unloading quays serving the installation, jetties, warehouses or similar structures, floating or otherwise, necessary for the operation of the installation (Company from Directive 96/82/EC). Designated area where personnel gather and report when required to do so (Company from ISO 13702). Abbreviation for Public Address and General Alarm. Coating, cladding arrangements or a free standing system which in the event of fire will provide thermal protection to the substrate to which it is attached or to the protected area and does so independently of a requirement for human, mechanical or other intervention to initiate a response (Company from ISO and API RP 14G). Release that is likely to occur in normal operation. A release shall be considered as primary grade if it is likely to be present between 10 and 1000 hours per year (IP 15). Process by which those who, in an emergency situation, have been injured, and/or have been blocked in the escape ways, and/or have evacuated the installation by unusual means, are re-trieved to a place where medical assistance is available (Company). Area within the boundaries of the installation, and hence under the control of the Company, which is affected permanently by normal operation of the facility or exceptionally by the consequences of an emergency situation caused by a major failure (Company). Release that is unlikely to occur in normal operation and, in any event, will be of short duration. A release shall be considered as secondary grade if it is likely to be present less than 10 hours per year (IP 15). Point from which flammable gas, liquid or a combination of both can be released into the atmosphere (ISO 13702). Page 10/56

11 Ventilation Adequate: ventilation, natural, mechanical or a combination of both, sufficient to avoid persistence of flammable atmosphere within sheltered or enclosed area but insufficient to avoid their initial formation or spread throughout the area (IP 15). Dilution: mechanical ventilation sufficient to maintain generally as non-hazardous an enclosed area containing a source of release or an aperture into a hazardous area (IP 15). 4. Buildings in the restricted area This chapter does not include confined spaces, such as pressure vessels or hulls. 4.1 Pressurization and ventilation Pressurization Buildings such as control rooms, technical rooms, electrical rooms or workshops surrounded by a hazardous area and containing ignition sources shall be pressurized (overpressure protection). It is recommended that buildings, not surrounded by a hazardous area but that can be reached by a flammable gas cloud in case of leak corresponding to the credible events (as defined in the Safety Concept), are critically reviewed to determine whether they ought to be pressurized or not. This assessment shall be conducted on a case by case basis Ventilation Any building containing a fuel source and/or any contaminating agent, or in connection with a hazardous area, shall be ventilated as follows: Buildings containing a continuous or primary grade release shall be provided with adequate ventilation. Buildings containing a continuous or primary grade release or in connection with a hazardous area, zone 1, shall be provided with dilution ventilation (typical examples: battery room, fume cupboards in the laboratory). Buildings containing a secondary source of release or in connection with a hazardous area (zone 2) shall be either adequately ventilated if it is acceptable that they remain classified zone 2 (typical examples: compressors buildings, enclosed process units protected against rough weather conditions) or provided with dilution ventilation if they shall be rendered nonhazardous (typical examples: gas turbine or gas engines fume cupboards). Buildings containing a secondary grade release or in connection with a hazardous area, zone 2, and provided with an inadequate ventilation, shall be classified as zone 1. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 216. Page 11/56

12 4.1.3 Cooling ventilation Buildings containing ignition or heat sources, either inside or outside the restricted area, such as machinery, engines skids or fired process equipment shall be equipped with a cooling ventilation system. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF Minimisation of ignition sources Passive and design considerations All potential ignition sources (1) in buildings shall be identified and minimised in their number, gathered and located away from the potential fuel sources. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 021 and GS EP SAF 216. Note 1: Typical examples of potential ignition sources are chemical reactions, electric sparks and arcs, static electrical sparks, flames, heats of compression or hot surfaces Active devices Any potential source of ignition within the restricted area shall be under control. Where passive considerations listed in section cannot result in a sufficient risk reduction, active devices consisting in a gas detection system (refer to GS EP SAF 312) and/or an Emergency Shut Down (ESD) system (refer to GS EP SAF 261) shall be implemented in order to isolate or cool down the ignition sources in case of fuel leakage. 4.3 Fire and Gas detection The following three general rules shall apply to buildings: A gas detection system shall be installed in any part of a building where there is a significant risk of occurrence of hydrocarbon or toxic gas leakage or accumulation, either by flammable gas leakage and/or hydrocarbon liquid spillage which may flash leading to unacceptable risks for human life, assets or environment. Furthermore toxic gas detectors shall be installed in the air intakes of premises, where personnel may be present, even outside the restricted area (e.g. large administrative buildings in onshore plants, etc.). A fire detection system shall be installed in any part of a building where there is a significant risk of occurrence of fire leading to unacceptable risks for human life, assets or environment; likewise a fixed smoke detection system shall be installed in the HVAC air inlet duct, upstream of the damper, even outside the restricted area. In order to adequately close the damper, special considerations should be taken for the Fire & Gas and HVAC systems to react. This could be achieved in two ways: - either by providing an increased inlet duct length - or by lowering the thresholds settings for the gas detectors. Manual alarm call points shall be provided at each exit door of buildings. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF Blast protection Any manned buildings or buildings containing critical equipment shall be designed against the blast overpressure resulting from the credible events. Page 12/56

13 Concerning explosion scenario, method of calculation and criteria for blast protection, refer to GS EP SAF 253. Buildings shall be located according to the criteria of the GS EP SAF 253 and GS EP SAF 021. As a general rule, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations or specified in the Safety Concept, buildings should follow the guidelines hereafter. Risks shall be minimised as follows: The doors should be located on the side opposite to the most likely blast pressure The windows shall not be located on the sides where blast pressure is likely Any window should be of a suitable type The roof shall be designed in such a way it cannot collapse on occupants Storage of objects above head should be limited. As a consequence, these buildings shall not be considered as Temporary Refuges. Temporary Refuges, if any in the restricted area, shall be blast-proofed. 4.5 Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Applicability to buildings This section deals only with fires outside buildings (where a fire hazard can be inside the building, the requirements developed in chapter 7 shall also apply) General rule Groups of equipment that cannot be segregated by position (e.g. highly congested offshore installations) shall be separated by firewalls that can withstand the effects of an explosion and then conserve their specified fire ratings. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF Materials Refer to GS EP SAF 337 and GS EP COR Fire zones Accommodations shall be in a different fire zone from production, processing, transportation or storage facilities. Boundaries separating the accommodation area from other fire zones (if close to) shall be at least A60-class divisions and, where the risk of hydrocarbon fire exists, H120-class or J rating class divisions (depending on the risk). Refer to appendix 1. Similar provisions shall be afforded to spaces necessary for Escape, Evacuation and Rescue (escape routes, temporary refuges, muster areas, embarkation posts) and spaces involved in Emergency Response (e.g. control room, emergency station, essential switch-room or fire pumps enclosures) Other requirements inside the buildings Buildings shall: maintain their integrity during a fire (see sections and 7.5.3) Page 13/56

14 be subdivided into compartments in such a way to limit the spread of fire and smoke (see section 7.5.4) not contain materials propagating flame or developing excessive smoke (see section 7.5.2). 4.6 Active Fire Protection Fire scenario The fire scenarios shall be defined in the Safety Concept and are dealing only with fire sources external to the building. Where fire sources are internal to the building, refer to chapter 7 for the generic case where humans are accommodated Method of calculation The calculation methods for fire radiation shall be defined as per GS EP SAF 253. Two models shall be considered: jet fire and pool fire. Computations shall be conducted by Company's safety engineers or by third parties placed under their direct supervision Criteria Unless otherwise specified in the Safety Concept, the default value of 4.7 kw/m 2 (1484 BTU/hr/ft2) shall be considered as the maximum radiation level to the building outside the restricted area. For buildings inside the restricted area, firewalls and adequate protection are required. The different radiation levels are developed in GS EP SAF 253 and GS EP SAF Recommended solutions Where PFP measures listed in section 4.5 cannot result in a sufficient risk reduction, an AFP system coupled to an automatic fire detection system (refer to GS EP SAF 312) shall be implemented. It shall provide protection (e.g. water curtain reducing the radiation level or cooling the structure) and fight the fire in the concerned fire zone. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 311, GS EP SAF 321, GS EP SAF 322, GS EP SAF 331 and GS EP SAF Escape, evacuation and rescue The requirements for the Escape, Evacuation and Rescue of personnel from buildings are dealt with in GS EP SAF 351. These requirements are not to be confused with dispositions required for egress from buildings outside the restricted area (see section 7.4). Page 14/56

15 5. Safety requirements for electrical equipment 5.1 General Purpose The purpose of this section is to define the requirements to be applied to avoid any accidental contact between humans and energised equipment and/or conductors under voltage. It is intended to supplement and clarify existing French Regulations rather than replacing existing codes, standards and recommended practices Scope and limitation of use This section should not be considered as a substitute for proper design, specification, commissioning or operation of electrical equipment. It includes: the principles of classification of electrical equipment (see section 5.1.6) the safety principles to make non-qualified personnel out-of-reach of energized equipment and/or conductors (see section 5.2) the principles of restriction of access to electrical rooms (see section 5.3) the layout and protection requirements in electrical rooms (see section 5.4) the first aid devices requirements (see section 5.5) Reference documents In the absence of more stringent local regulations or particular specifications, this chapter refers to the Decree no amended by the Decree no In some countries where American standards are applicable, the reference document is NFPA 70E. This document is not further mentioned in this section Classification of people Personnel: human beings from Company, assigned to the installation, and at work inside the restricted area of the installation Contractors: human beings and organizations outside Company, at work inside the restricted area of the installation Visitors: human beings not assigned to the installation and not at work, but inside the restricted area of the installation Public: human beings, flora, fauna, installations and organizations outside the restricted area of the installation Qualification of parties Authorised person: human being allowed to access to a restricted room or area Designated person: member of personnel who is specifically and in writing authorised by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, to access to a restricted room or area and perform particular duties Page 15/56

16 Manager (of the installation): member of personnel who is responsible, onsite, of the installation and of the safety of people Qualified people or organizations: individuals and/or organizations able, through training, experience or both, to perform particular duties safely Trained personnel: individuals or groups in the process of gaining, or having gained, through series of training sessions, the ability to perform particular duties safely Classification of material Table 1: Level of voltage Terminology Decree no AC (Volts) DC (Volts) VLV TBT U 50 U 120 LV BTA 50 < U < U 750 MV BTB 500 < U < U 1500 HV HTA HTB 5.2 Out-of-reach of electrical equipment U > < U U > The different methods of out-of-reach Under normal operating conditions, in any working place within the installation, there shall be no conductive piece which may be under voltage within the reach of personnel, Contractors or visitors. Note: this requirement prohibits the use of contact lines for the powering of e.g. gantry cranes or trolleys in the installation. It also applies to neutral conductors and grounding conductors. This requirement can be achieved by: out-of-reach by position and safety distances, or out-of-reach by protection, or out-of-reach by isolation of conductors, or any combination of these. It is, however, inevitable that some equipment cannot meet this requirement in abnormal operations such as maintenance, inspection or modification works. Then, electrical equipment shall be: Properly segregated between VLV, LV, MV and HV levels of voltage Installed in dedicated electrical rooms with access restrictions (see section 5.3) Out-of-reach by position and safety distances If out-of-reach is only achieved by position and safety distance, the safety distance shall be established taking into account objects that personnel can normally handle in the workplace. The permanence of the safety distance shall be guaranteed by adequate sizing and design of the surrounding pieces of structure to prevent weakening, fall or collapse. Page 16/56

17 5.2.3 Out-of-reach by protection If out-of-reach is achieved by protection, the permanent effectiveness of the protections shall be ensured by their design, dimensions, sitting, strength, stability, and isolation, considering the normal constraints they may be exposed to. Protection can be made of partitions or doors which can be of plain material, perforated with holes, expanded metal guarding or latticework. In the last three cases, the size of the holes or the mesh shall not jeopardize the protection. For VLV or LV equipment, the protections can be removed with the equipment under power for abnormal operations of short duration such as maintenance, inspection, minor modifications, providing a specific operating procedure has been given by a Supplier, a Vendor or Engineering, and approved by the Company. For MV and HV equipment, it shall be prohibited and/or made physically impossible to remove the protection before de-energising the equipment or conductors under voltage. If a protection can be removed without any tool, a notice shall be adequately posted to remind this prohibition: For MV voltage, the equipment and conductors shall be automatically de-energised by the removal of the protection and/or be protected by a key-locked protection For HV voltage, the equipment and conductors shall be protected by a key-locked protection and the removal of the protection shall be made physically impossible if the equipment has not been de-energised. The use of keys shall be limited to personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of, the Installation Manager Out-of-reach by isolation of conductors If out-of-reach is achieved by isolation, the permanent effectiveness of the isolation shall be ensured by an adequate design, considering the risks of damage (e.g. mechanical constraints, friction, shocks or chemical actions) they can be exposed to during the whole lifetime of the installation. 5.3 Restriction of access to electrical rooms The rooms, or more generally, the working areas containing the equipment listed below shall be delimited, and of restricted access: Production, conversion and distribution systems of electrical power (see sections to 5.4.4) Electrical equipment workshops and testing facilities (see section 5.4.5) Equipment handling a large quantity of dielectric liquids (see section 5.4.6) Instrument technical rooms and testing facilities Telecommunication equipment rooms The access to these rooms or working areas can be authorised only to: a) personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, and adequately trained, including qualified Contractors; Page 17/56

18 b) in case of necessity, other personnel, Contractors or visitors who have been briefed and under the permanent responsibility of, and accompanied by the personnel detailed in a). These rooms or working areas shall meet the following requirements: Notices shall be posted on doors and access ways to remind the hazard and the prohibition of entry or access of non-authorised people Rooms containing HV equipment shall be key-locked outdoor but allowing in any case an easy escape from indoor Working area surrounding the electrical equipment shall be of sufficient dimensions to allow easy and safe works; it shall never be used as a way or a storage area. 5.4 Layout Out-of-reach by position and safety distances The minimum heights above ways for equipment or live conductors are (refer to appendix 2): LV: 230 cm above ways MV: 230 cm above ways HV: U cm above ways, U (kv) and 250 cm minimum Out-of-reach by protection LV (refer to appendix 3 fig. 2): - Minimum dimensions of protection: 20 cm beyond equipment - Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 5cm if plain and rigid protection, 10 cm otherwise - Minimum width of way around protection: 60 cm. MV (refer to appendix 3 fig. 2) - Minimum height of protection: 200 cm above way - Minimum dimensions of protection: 50 cm minimum - Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 20 cm - Minimum width of way around protection: 70 cm. HV (refer to appendix 3 fig. 2) - Minimum height of protection: 200 cm above way if U < 57 kv, 230 cm above way if U 57 kv - Minimum dimensions of protection: U (kv) cm beyond equipment, 50 cm minimum - Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 30 cm if U 57 kv, U (kv) cm if U > 57 kv - Minimum width of way around protection: 80 cm. Page 18/56

19 5.4.3 Possible exception for LV equipment For LV equipment, the conductors under voltage in the restricted access rooms may not be protected nor isolated, provided the working area around the equipment meets the following dimensions requirements (refer to appendix 3 fig. 3): Minimum height: 200 cm Minimum width: - Equipment on one single side: 80 cm - Equipment on both sides: 120 cm. In addition, an isolating floor shall be installed (refer to appendix 3 fig. 3): In front of LV distribution panels with conductors under voltage which are not protected nor isolated; the minimum width of the isolating floor shall be 100 cm Around sets of batteries whose total voltage exceeds 150 V. Furthermore, sets of batteries whose total voltage exceeds 150 V shall be laid down such as an individual cannot reach simultaneously two conductors whose differential voltage exceeds 150 V Alternate solution for HV equipment For HV equipment, the protection can consist of handrails at a minimum horizontal distance of 200 cm. The access to the handrails shall be limited to the personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, and adequately trained (see section 5.3). The minimum width of way around handrails shall be 80 cm, and by derogation it can be reduced down to 60 cm for elevated platforms (refer to appendix 3 fig. 4) Electrical equipment workshops and testing facilities Derogation to the general requirements for production, conversion and distribution of electrical power (as specified above in sections to 5.4.4) for rooms, or more generally, working areas, containing electrical equipment workshops or testing facilities for electrical equipment are possible only if the following conditions are fulfilled: Reaching the naked conductors under voltage shall be limited to personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager Each testing bench or working place shall be delimited and marked Particular safety instructions shall define the access to these rooms or working areas, and the operating test procedures Equipment containing dielectric liquids Any equipment or set of equipment containing more than 25 litres of combustible dielectric liquids shall be installed in a room or, more generally, a working area whose access is restricted to authorised people. These rooms and working area shall be provided with a combination of: Alarm or shutdown in case of high temperature or boiling of liquids Page 19/56

20 Recovery of leaking dielectric fluids Availability of clean and dry sand Portable fire-fighting means Absence of combustible materials around. In the absence of local regulations or a particular specification, the applicable documents shall be the Decree no amended by the Decree no First aid The personnel authorised to access electrical rooms (see section 5.3) shall be trained in first aid of people shocked, burnt, or fallen down after a contact with electrical equipment. A particular safety instruction shall define these first aid methods. A notice, summarising first aid methods, shall be posted on the doors or on any electrical room or working area. A first aid kit shall be easily accessible to each room or working area. 6. Human comfort and health 6.1 Human comfort Protection from wind Personnel working routinely in heavy winds environments and personnel working for sustained periods of time in windy environments, shall be, as far as practicable, protected from the effects of wind Horizontal displacements and accelerations In offshore manned installations, the rigidity of the structure shall be such that the horizontal displacements with a frequency lower than 1Hz are not "perceptible" in sleeping areas, not "disagreeable" in working areas where personnel stay for sustained times, and on main ways, not "very disagreeable" in working areas where personnel can normally be, and on secondary ways. Places where horizontal movements are "intolerable" shall be restricted to trained personnel having a specific work permit. See appendix Noise Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations and/or in the Safety Concept, the maximum noise limits shall be as per appendix 5. Where the maximum limits cannot be practically met, exceptions are possible provided that, at least, one of the following conditions is fulfilled: the area has a restricted access (e.g. machinery) the excessive noise is only intermittent (helidecks) the excessive noise is caused by emergency conditions only (release from PSV s and BDV s). Page 20/56

21 The exposure of personnel to noise at the work place shall be carefully taken into account, considering the exposure threshold values given in appendix 6. To make sure the future working area meets these requirements, a provisional noise map highlighting areas according to these thresholds should be carried out. Two rooms with very different noise levels should not be adjoining each other. In large living quarters with several floors, the accommodations shall be arranged so that any room is in connection with rooms of the same noise level, or just higher or just lower. A typical arrangement of floors in offshore living quarters is, from top to bottom: Helideck (intermittent heavy noise) Logistics and recreation (quite noisy) Offices and bedrooms (low noise) Change rooms, kitchen, dining room (quite noisy) Utilities (high noise) Vibrations In offshore manned installations, the horizontal vibrations γh and vertical vibrations γz with frequency ranges from 1 Hz to 80 Hz shall comply with levels indicated in appendix 4. When the maximum allowable vibration has been defined, the exposure periods to high vibration levels shall be restricted as per table 23 in appendix Accommodations Personnel not working in a day-shift shall rest and sleep in bedrooms that remain low-noise during day activities and, in particular, are not exposed to traffic noise and vibrations. The arrangement of a particular day-sleeping area in the accommodations shall be provided if relevant. 6.2 Human health The need for human health Disease or unavailability of personnel result in their poor physical and intellectual performance, and in subsequent working over-load for other personnel. Furthermore, diseases constitute an important cause for sanitary evacuations with all the problems they entail. Health is therefore an essential feature in oil and gas installations where personnel are accommodated. A clinic (or at least a sick bay) is mandatory on all installations. The minimum requirements for a clinic or a sick bay are developed in GS EP MED 060 and GS EP CIV The conditions of human health Adequate human health conditions are provided by a combination of means and preventive measures such as: Periodic medical visits (not covered by this document) Periodic training for specific jobs (not covered by this document) Page 21/56

22 Physical limitations with sex, age and ambient conditions (not covered by this document) Working time limitations (not covered by this document) Clinics or a sick bay on the installations: tools and drugs (refer to GS EP MED 060 and GS EP CIV 403) Physician or nurse on the installations (refer to GS EP MED 060 and GS EP MED 061) Hygiene (refer to section 6.2.3) Prevention of infections on site: HVAC, food, water (refer to sections to 6.2.6). Toxic products (not covered by this document) Eye-wash stations and Emergency Showers shall be in accordance with the requirements of ANSI Z with flushing water temperature between 15 C and 38 C Hygiene The buildings shall be properly split into clean areas (accommodations) and dirty areas (worksite). Living quarters shall be equipped with changing and shower rooms, conveniently located in relation to work and accommodations. The requirements of GS EP MED 062 shall apply. As a general rule, ILO R164 shall be applicable Ventilation The ventilation system shall be designed in such a way to prevent flammable/ toxic gases and dusts from penetrating into buildings. Air re-circulation is only permitted when the ventilation system is secured against absorption of returning air from polluted areas such as clinics, kitchen, lavatories and washing rooms. For these polluted areas there is no re-circulation of air. It is 100% new air. Ventilation outlets from polluted areas (clinics, kitchen, lavatories and washing rooms) shall be channeled through separated ducts. The air renewal rate shall be established by a detailed and specific ventilation study carried out by HVAC specialists, reviewed and approved by Company's experts. Refer to GS EP HVA Food Refer to GS EP MED Water Any permanently manned installation shall be provided either with features ensuring the transportation to site and on-site storage of domestic water or with facilities for on-site production of domestic water. Domestic water shall be provided in sufficient quantities to ensure all the physiological needs and normal hygiene for the occupancy load served. Unless otherwise specified, the default value of 200 litres by occupant served and by day shall be assumed. Page 22/56

23 Potable water shall be available in any permanently manned building. The quality of domestic water shall, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations or specified in the Safety Concept, meet the requirements of the Directive 98/83/CE. See appendix Safety to life from fire in buildings 7.1 Introduction This chapter provides the minimum requirements for safety to life from fire in buildings regardless of their location (inside or outside the restricted area). The objectives are to protect the occupants not intimate with the initial fire development from loss of life and to improve the survivability of those who are intimate with the fire development. The protection methods assume a single fire source. This chapter does not concern offshore installations. Where buildings are located inside the restricted area, the specific requirements established above in chapter 4 shall apply in addition. Unless otherwise specified in the Safety Concept or stipulated by local regulations, the safety to life in buildings shall comply with NFPA 101, as amended by the present chapter. NFPA 101 assumes that a trained fire brigade can intervene quickly and have its own firefighting means available. However it has been assumed that these conditions were not always fulfilled and therefore that document has been amended in a more stringent way, in particular when dealing with fire-fighting means. 7.2 Fundamental requirements Any building, new or existing, designed for human occupancy shall meet, as a minimum, the following fundamental requirements: Buildings shall be provided with means of egress to permit prompt exit (see section 7.4): a) The means of egress, by their kinds, numbers, locations, and capacities, shall be appropriate to the individual building. b) The means of egress shall be arranged and maintained free and unobstructed. c) Every exit shall be clearly visible and/or the route to reach every exit indicated without any risk of confusing the direction to go. d) Egress facilities shall be adequately and reliably illuminated. e) Two means of egress, as a minimum, shall be provided from any area where occupants can be trapped. They shall be arranged to minimise the possibility that both means might be rendered impassable by the same emergency condition. Buildings shall be provided with fire and smoke protection features (see section 7.5): a) Design, construction and equipment shall preclude undue danger to occupants' safety during the period of time reasonably necessary to evacuate and/or to defend on place. b) Fire alarm facilities shall be provided where relevant. Page 23/56

24 c) Vertical openings between floors shall be suitably enclosed or protected to afford safety to occupants while using the means of egress, and to prevent fire or smoke from spreading. 7.3 Classifications Classification of occupancy NFPA 101 (section 6.1) classifies the occupancy, for new and existing buildings, as follows: Table 2: Classification of occupancy Type of Occupancy Characteristics Applicability to Company Assembly 50 people Conference or passenger rooms Hotels > 16 people sleeping Living quarters Lodgings 16 people sleeping Small living quarters Business Industrial Storage Offices, teaching rooms, ambulatory clinics Processing facilities, workshops Bulk oil storage, chemical storage, warehouses Where two or more classes of occupancy occur in the same building and where separate safeguards are impracticable, the most restrictive safety requirements shall apply Classification of hazard of contents Table 3: Classification of hazard of buildings contents Level Low Ordinary High Hazard Contents of low combustibility, no self-propagating fire can occur Likely to burn with moderate rapidity and/or to give off a considerable volume of smoke. It is the single possible classification for assemblies, hotels, lodging and business Likely to burn with extreme rapidity or explode 7.4 Means of egress Capacity of means of egress The total capacity of the means of egress from any place shall be sufficient for the occupant load served. The occupant load served shall consider the maximum occupancy over the entire life span of the building, except when extraordinary additional means are provided for exceptional events. Page 24/56

25 The occupant load in any building or portion thereof, except where access is controlled, shall not be assumed to be less than the number determined by dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the occupant load factor as specified hereafter: Table 4: Occupant load Assembly (1) Assembly (2) Lodgings Hotels Business Industrial 1.4 m m m m m m 2 Note 1: less concentrated use without fixed seating Note 2: waiting space Egress capacity shall be based on the following: Table 5: Egress capacity Stairways Ramps and horizontal ways Ordinary hazard content 7.6 mm/person 5 mm/person High hazard contents 18 mm/person 10 mm/person The minimum width of means of egress shall be 0.91 m for new buildings and 0.71 m for existing buildings, except for new hotels where it shall be 1.12 m and for offices, both new and existing, where it shall be 1.12 m Number of means of egress As a general rule a minimum of two means of egress shall be provided. Deviation from the general rule (refer to NFPA 101, section 7.4) is possible only where the risk is low or moderate, the occupancy load served is low or the travel distance is low. For occupancies with high-hazard content, not less than two means of egress shall be provided from each building and from each hazardous area (except for rooms or spaces do not exceed 18.6 m² and occupancy load served 3 people and travel distance to the room door 7.60 m) Protection of the means of egress Where a mean of egress is required to be protected by separation from the other parts of the building, the separation shall meet the following fire ratings: Exit in connection with 3 storeys: A60 Exit in connection with > 4 storeys: should be avoided; where inevitable, refer to NFPA Arrangement of means of egress Exits shall be adequately located and arranged to minimise the possibility that more than one of them can be blocked by any one fire or other emergency condition. Page 25/56

26 Dead-ends or paths of travel common to two means of egress should be avoided. And where inevitable, they shall not exceed the lengths summarised in the following table: Table 6: Dead-end corridor limited length Occupancy Assembly Hotels Business Industrial Storage Low hazard NA NA NA no limit no limit Nominal, NS ( 1 ) 6.1 m 10.7 m 6.1 m 15 m 15 m Nominal, SP ( 2 ) 6.1 m 15 m 15 m 15 m 30 m High hazard, NS ( 1 ) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m High hazard, SP ( 2 ) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m Note 1: non-sprinklered Note 2: sprinklered and only if the sprinkler system is approved, automatic, and maintained. Table 7: Common path limited length Occupancy Assembly Hotels Business Industrial Storage Low hazard NA NA NA no limit no limit Nominal, NS ( 1 ) 6.1 m ( 3 ) 10.7 m 23 m 15 m 15 m Nominal, SP ( 2 ) 6.1 m ( 3 ) 15 m 30 m 30 m 30 m High hazard, NS ( 1 ) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m High hazard, SP ( 2 ) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m Note 1: non-sprinklered Note 2: sprinklered and only if the sprinkler system is approved, automatic, and maintained Note 3: 23 m for common path serving less than 50 people. Exits shall in no case be through kitchens, storerooms, restrooms, workrooms, closets, bedrooms or other rooms subject to locking. Hangings, draperies, mirrors shall in no case be placed on exit doors. Mirrors or any other reflecting objects shall not be placed on exit routes Travel distance to exits The travel distance from any occupied place to at least one exit shall not exceed a maximum limit which, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, shall meet the requirements of NFPA 101, section 7.6. The travel distance to an exit shall be measured on the floor: from the most remote point subject to occupancy curving around corners or obstructions with a clearance of 0.30 m ending at the centre of the exit door. Page 26/56

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