Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation Practical tools for the dissemination and implementation of research results

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1 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation Practical tools for the dissemination and implementation of research results Brussels - 10 th November Louis-Guy CAJOT

2 DIFISEK & DIFISEK + DIssemination of structural FIre Safety Engineering Knowledge throughout Europe. website Θ Loads 1: Ignition Steel columns time 2: Thermal action 3: Mechanical actions R time 4: Thermal response 5: Mechanical response 6: Possible collapse Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 2

3 Objective To disseminate effectively Structural Fire Safety Engineering Knowledge gained in numerous ECSC and RFCS funded projects during the last about 20 years: NFSC Natural Fire Safety Concept. Static Loads Wind Self Weight Imposed Load Snow... Fire Characteristics WG3 Fire Load Ventilation Conditions Geometry Thermal Characteristics of Enclosure Probabilistic Aspect Active Fire Measures Risk of Fire Activation WG4 Evacuation Time Consequence of Structural Failure q Natural Fire Curve WG1 WG5 Realistic Load Combination (Accidental) t q Natural Fire Curve Design Natural Fire Curve t GLOBAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE STRUCTURE nat t fi,d t fi,requ Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 3

Eurocodes and development of a user-friendly

NFSC-CFD Natural Fire Safety Concept - The

4 NFSC 2 Natural Fire Safety Concept - Full-scale tests, implementation in the Eurocodes and development of a user-friendly design tool. NFSC-val Natural Fire Safety Concept Valorisation. NFSC-CFD Natural Fire Safety Concept - The development and validation of a CFD-based engineering methodology for evaluating thermal action on steel and composite structures.... Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 4

not consider the PRE-FLASHOVER phase does not depend on FIRE LOAD and

5 Fire... What fire? θ [ C] Standard Fire (ISO 834) Conventional No link with real fires The ISO curve has to be considered in the WHOLE compartment, even if the compartment is huge never goes DOWN does not consider the PRE-FLASHOVER phase does not depend on FIRE LOAD and VENTILATION CONDITIONS Requirement in terms of duration Time [min] Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 5

6 Classical approach Prescriptive standard fire Performance based natural fire classification fire safety eng. fire safety eng. fire safety eng. Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 6

Classical approach based on standard ISO -834 heating

resistance > 30 minutes 1000 800 600 400 15 30 60

200 0 0 30 60 90 120 time [min] Additionnal cost of the

protection must be optimized and applied where it is

7 Classical approach based on standard ISO -834 heating curve Single element test Steel protection for fire resistance > 30 minutes ISO-curve HE180B HD400x382 HE320A 15mm sprayed material time [min] Additionnal cost of the protection > 40% of the finished steel cost The protection must be optimized and applied where it is really needed. Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 7

8 Natural Fire Temperature Pre- Flashover Post- Flashover C Flashover Natural fire curve ISO834 standard fire curve Ignition - Smouldering Heating Cooling. Time Standard curve Scientific analysis based on : Fire scenario Physical parameters influencing the fire development (fire load, ventilation, active fire fighting measures, ) Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 8

9 Prescriptive standard fire Performance based natural fire classification fire safety eng. fire safety eng. fire safety eng. Fire Safety Engineering = Fire Development + Global Structural Behavior Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 9

10 European research in the field of the fire engineering achieved between 1994? 2006 allows to develop Fire Engineering approach including : Fire safety concept evaluation based on natural fire. Required data for the fire development calculation methods (fire load [MJ/m²], fire spread, rate of heat release [kw/m²]). Definition of model scenario for usual buildings (offices, schools, shops, ). Simulation of the behaviour of a part or the whole structure submitted to the different fire scenarii and to the static loads. and leading to : Optimised and competitive solutions. More controlled and quantified safety (Global structure behavior, more realistic fire scenarii). More efficient solutions as more in line with the targeted safety objectives. Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 10

11 EUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPEENNE EN The implementation of the research results met the following difficulties : Existing regulations and standards based on standard fire. Different regulations depending on the countries and even on the regions. Habits and perception of the professionals of construction. Low expertise of engineers, architects in that domain. Lack of training in that domain. No userfriendly calculation tools. EUROPÄISCHENORM November 2002 ICS ; English version Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-2 : General Actions Actions on structures exposed to fire Eurocode 1 Actions sur les st ructures Partie 1-2 : Actions Générales Actions sur les structures exposées au feu This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 Sept ember Eurocode 1 Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke Teil1-2: Allgemeine Einwirkungen Einwirkungen im Brandfall CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up -to -date lists and bibliographical reference s concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation unde r the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Ger Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. many, Greece, Iceland, solved by : Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 The natural fire was introduced in the Eurocodes, particularly Eurocode 1 - Fire Part. The fire engineering has been dealt with in decree and regulations in different european countries. Userfriendly calculation tools were developed (Ozone), and are freely available on Trainings were, and are organized. A network of competent and qualified engineering offices in the field of fire engineering was developed ( B-1050 Brussels 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in an y form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN :2002E worldwide for CEN national Members. Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 11

12 Structural design of building in case of fire according to Eurocodes & National Annexes Actions Self weight Snow Wind Variable loads Actions during execution EN 1991 Fire Actions EN T T T T T T Design Eurocodes EN 1992 EN 1993 EN Fire Design EN EN EN Combination of Actions EN 1990 Design of foundations EN 1997 Product standards Fire protection of structural members EN Execution standards EN concrete EN 1090 steel Material standards EN concrete EN steel Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 12

13 Launch of Eurocode program by the European Commission 1989 Transfer of the Eurocodes program to the CEN and creation of the CEN/TC 250 Structural Eurocodes Publication of the first generation of Eurocodes (pr ENV) Revision procedure (2 years) and decision to translate the ENV t o EN Natural Fire in Closed Car Park Natural Fire in Large Compartment Start of the development of the second generation of Eurocodes (EN) Publication of the first Eurocode (EN 1990) Multi-storey building subjected to Natural Fire NFSC European Commission recommendation to the member states in order to approve and implement the Eurocodes EN Publication of all the 58 EN sub -parts Implementation of the Eurocodes EN with National Annexes in each member state and withdrawal of the conflicting national standard s NFSC 2 Design tools for multi -storey buildings exposed to fire NFSC -CFD DIFISEK Advanced 3D modelling DIFISEK Revision of the Eurocodes Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 13

14 Eurocode + National annexes National fire safety requirements R0, R30, R60, R90, R120 depending on consequences of failure evacuation time building height number of levels fireman safety... Structural fire resistance R [min] = R req [min] Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 14

DIFISEK - DIssemination of FIre Safety Engineering Knowledge Fire Safety Engineering application to buildings RFCS dissemination in G-D of Luxembourg project Dissemination package in line with 17

A total of about 4960 powerpoint slides and 3330 document pages Part 1: Thermal & Mechanical Actions Part 2: Thermal Response Part 3: Mechanical Response of Structures in Fire Part 4: Software for

com Spain 12 nov 08 Belgium 22 oct 08 UK 20 sept 08 France 01 july 08 Sweden nov 08 Germany 14 nov 08 Translated into 16 languages UK, German, French, Spanish, Dutch, Czech, Italian, Portuguese,

15 DIFISEK - DIssemination of FIre Safety Engineering Knowledge Fire Safety Engineering application to buildings RFCS dissemination in G-D of Luxembourg project Dissemination package in line with 17 eurocode National annexes Presentations and Syllabus in PDF for the 5 parts. A total of about 4960 powerpoint slides and 3330 document pages Part 1: Thermal & Mechanical Actions Part 2: Thermal Response Part 3: Mechanical Response of Structures in Fire Part 4: Software for Fire Design Part 5-1: Worked Examples Part 5-2: Illustration of Completed Projects A total of 1402 participants have attended the different seminars Training of Design Offices Spain 12 nov 08 Belgium 22 oct 08 UK 20 sept 08 France 01 july 08 Sweden nov 08 Germany 14 nov 08 Translated into 16 languages UK, German, French, Spanish, Dutch, Czech, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Swedish, Hungarian, Romanian, Lithuanian, Greek, Slovenian. Poland 28 nov 08 Estonia nov 08 Lithuania 05 dec 08 Czech Rep 24 sept 08 Greece nov 08 Hungary 29 oct 08 Romania 14 nov 08 Portugal 05 dec 08 Italy 03 dec 08 Slovenia 15 oct 08 Austria 02 oct 08 Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 15

16 Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 16

17 Office building in Luxemburg Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 17

18 Use by architects, engineers, designers, firemen, insurance compagnies, authorities, professors, students DIFISEK + Total number of downloads Tons of steel in building designed with Fire Engineering Total of downloads = Total of tons = Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 18

19 Future Standards & Regulations Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 19

20 Conclusion R&D Regulations Authorities Firemen... Daily Practise Architects Engineers... Standardisation Brussels - November 2011 Seminar on Standardisation in Research and Innovation 20

Eurocode 9 Design of aluminium structures

BRITISH STANDARD Eurocode 9 Design of aluminium structures BS EN 1999-1-2:2007 Incorporating corrigenda December 2008, March 2009 and October 2009 Part 1-2: Structural fire design ICS 91.010.30; 91.080.10;