Post-harvest Asparagus Handling
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1 Post-harvest Asparagus Handling Your produce much less perishable Su producto mucho menos perecedero November 2010 Ivo Tunchel
2 Minimize Temperature Damage Immediately After Harvest Pack in well ventilated crates, preferably light in color to reduce heat absorbance. NEVER fill crates to more than ¾ of their depth (to enable adequate ventilation). Crates should not come into direct contact with the soil.
3 Minimize Temperature Damage Immediately After Harvest After harvesting, keep crates in the shade until transport to packing house. Make frequent trips to the packing house.
4 Upon arrival at the packing house Upon arrival at packing house: Keep asparagus in the shade Immediately hose down to remove mud and dust Be careful not to damage asparagus with high water pressure Wash asparagus by placing crates in a bath containing Clean water ph with 80 ppm free chlorine in the first bath if available. This is very important to avoid dehydrated asparagus draining water from this bath with contaminated water. ph with 120 ppm free chlorine in the second bath
5 Hydro-cooling Hydro-cool asparagus to 10 C, in water at ph with 120 ppm free chlorine by either shower or flume hydro-cooling.
6 After hydro-cooling, asparagus should be placed in a waiting room at 10 C and 85-95% RH until it is processed Waiting room
7 Sorting and Bunching After removal of asparagus from the waiting room, immediately sort and bunch.
8 Trimming Manual trimming Clean knives with disinfectant frequently to ensure that they are kept clean Sharpen knives regularly Place asparagus on a hard surface while cutting to obtain a smooth cut. Recommended: Hold bunched asparagus a semi-cylindrical device x
9 Second Hydro-cooling Second hydro-cooling To 1/2 C In water at ph with 120 ppm free chlorine. Shower hydro-cooling is preferable. Choose a suitable height so that the water does not damage the tips of the asparagus. Peracetic Acid 80/90 ppm can also be used and had shown a good option for disinfection for white and green asparagus.
10 Draining After second hydro-cooling, asparagus should be left to drain in cold storage at 1-2 C and 85-95% relative humidity. Do not drain for too long as it will dehydrate the produce..
11 Repacking Repack in modified atmosphere bags at 1-2 C and 85-95% relative humidity.
12 Xtend package types Bulk and Industry bags Retail bags and leading film Roll stock film for flow pack Bin bags for long storage
13 Modified Atmosphere Packaging After sealing the bag, produce respiration lowers the O 2 concentration and results in a corresponding increase in the CO 2 concentration As the O 2 concentration decreases, produce respiration rate decreases until equilibrium is reached, at which the rate of O 2 uptake and CO 2 production of the produce equals the O 2 and CO 2 permeability of the bag % O 2 % CO 2
14 Modified Atmosphere Packaging High CO 2 and low O 2 concentrations in modified atmosphere packaging: Reduce respiration rate of asparagus, slowing aging and senescence Maintain nutritional value and flavor Reduce decay by directly inhibiting the growth of pathogens Block the mode of action of ethylene and thereby inhibit lignification
15 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Another important aspect of any packaging is the ability to eliminate excess moisture, since asparagus in particular is sensitive to moisture, which will aggravate: Flowering Discoloration Decay
16 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Modified atmosphere packaging for white asparagus Decreased O2 inhibits browning Control Xtend
17 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Modified atmosphere packaging for white asparagus less shriveling and butt dryness Control Xtend
18 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Modified atmosphere packaging for white asparagus... Reduced lignification Control Xtend * Siomos et al., 2000 Scientia Hort., 84:1-13
19 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Modified atmosphere packaging for green asparagus Preserves firmness and taste Minimizes feathering Retains green, glossy tips Prevents decay Reduces shriveling, spear toughening and butt drying
20 Modified Atmosphere Packaging Modified atmosphere A noticeable difference MA
21 Optimizing Air Distribution Maintain uniform air temperature throughout the container/trailer. Optimize utilization of the cold air supply from the container refrigeration unit. Inhibit the bypass of cold air directly to the return air vent.
22 Temperature Monitoring To ensure asparagus remains fresh during transit monitor temperature with data loggers or A real time, web-based, supply chain management program
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