P.M. WEDNESDAY, 18 March hour

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1 Candidate Name Centre Number 4 Candidate Number Entry Level 715/01 LAND STUDIES P.M. WEDNESDAY, 18 March hour Examiner TOTAL MARK INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you have difficulty in reading a question, put up your hand and the teacher-in-charge will read it to you. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question. JD*(S )

2 2 Examiner Answer all questions. 1. Read the following information about the farm and answer the questions below using the information given. The Farm Pigs kept on farms today have been bred to grow quickly and convert food into meat for us to eat. This meat is called Pork or Bacon. Farm pigs have been bred from wild pigs. The wild pig has a short body, a long snout (nose) and a heavy head and heavy shoulders. The farm pig has a long body, a small head, a short snout, light shoulders and heavy hams (back legs). There are many different breeds of pigs kept in Britain today. Popular breeds of pigs are The large white The Landrace The Berkshire Although we think that all pigs are pink in colour, the Wessex Saddleback is a black pig with a white band over the shoulders and white front feet. The female pig (sow) is pregnant for 112 to 120 days. This time is known as the gestation period. At the end of this time her group of piglets (litter) will be born. The sow will feed her piglets with milk from her teats for 8 weeks. After this time they can eat solid food. The sow can produce 2 litters in 13 months. There are about 9 piglets in each litter.

3 3 Examiner (a) Give two (2) differences between wild pigs and farm pigs. [2] Wild pig Farm pig (i) (i) (ii) (ii) (b) Name two (2) popular breeds of pig kept in Britain today. [2] (i) (ii) (c) Describe the Wessex Saddleback. [1] (d) What is the length of the gestation period for a female pig? [1] (e) How many piglets could a sow produce in 13 months? [1] (f) What is the name given to a: [4] (i) Female pig (ii) baby pig (iii) group of new born baby pigs (iv) pregnancy [TOTAL = 11] Turn over.

4 4 Examiner 2. The farm also keep cows which produce milk. Milk is made up of: Water - 87%, Fat - 4%, Protein - 3%, Sugar - 5%, Minerals and vitamins - 1% (a) Draw a bar graph to show each part of the milk: [7] % PINT % 4% 5% 3% 87% 10 0 minerals and vitamins fat sugar (latose) protein water minerals and vitamins fat sugar (latose) protein water (b) Which part of the milk has the highest percentage (%)? [1] (c) Which part of the milk has the lowest percentage (%)? [1] (d) State two (2) products which can be made from milk. [2] (i) (ii) [TOTAL = 11]

5 5 BLANK PAGE Turn over.

6 Examiner 3. At one corner of the farm land there is a small wood.

Use the key to identify the trees in the wood by their fruits and seeds.

Cup D. Case Acorn Fruit........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ E.

6 6 Examiner 3. At one corner of the farm land there is a small wood. In the Autumn the trees produce fruits and seeds. Use the key to identify the trees in the wood by their fruits and seeds. Write their names underneath. A. B. Red berries Wing Fruit Seeds C. Cup D. Case Acorn Fruit E. Wing Fruit Seed

7 7 Examiner KEY 1. Seed has wings Go to 2 Seed does not have wings Go to 3 2. Seed has 1 wing ASH Seed has 2 wings SYCAMORE 3. Seed inside a case or cup Go to 4 Seed not inside a case or cup Go to 5 4. Seed in a prickly case HORSE CHESTNUT Seed in a cup OAK 5. Seeds inside red berries MOUNTAIN ASH [TOTAL = 5] Turn over.

8 8 Examiner 4. The Oak trees in the wood provide food for many wild animals. This can be shown in a food web. Look at the food web and answer the questions using the information in the web. Cat Hawk Blue tit centipede Robins Hedgehog Caterpillar earthworms slugs snails squirrels leaf dead leaves acorn OAK TREE (a) Name three (3) animals which eat dead leaves. (i) (ii) (iii) [3] (b) Use the food web to complete this food chain. Leaf [3] (c) Name the producer in the food web. [1] [TOTAL = 7]

9 9 Examiner 5. The Oak tree makes food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS. (a) Label the diagram of the Oak tree leaf below to show what it needs to produce food. Use the words listed. Water sun chlorophyll oxygen carbon dioxide glucose (Made in leaf) [5] (b) To make food the leaf needs to contain the green chemical called [1] [TOTAL = 6] Turn over.

10 Examiner 6. The farmer plants on his land. These plants are used to feed us or to feed his animals. Such plants are known as crops. This is a Pea plant. (i)........................................................ (ii).

10 10 Examiner 6. The farmer plants on his land. These plants are used to feed us or to feed his animals. Such plants are known as crops. This is a Pea plant. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (a) On the diagram, label the root, stem, leaf, flower. [4] (b) Put an x on the diagram to show where you would find the seeds of the plant. [1] (c) In the box below, write one job that each part of the plant does. [4] Part of the plant Job (function) Root Stem Flower Seed [TOTAL = 9]

11 11 Examiner 7. The farmer grew four (4) varieties of Pea plants on his land. He wanted to know which variety grew the best. He planted 10 plants of each and compared the amount of peas from each variety. Here are his results. Variety Kelvdon Wonder Number of plants 10 Weight (Kg) 10.0 Little Marvel Avola Early onward (a) Which variety produced the lightest crop? [1] (b) Which variety should the farmer choose to grow to get the heaviest crop? [1] (c) What was the average weight of peas from 1 plant of the variety, Kelvdon Wonder? [1] (d) What was the total weight of his crop from all the pea plants he grew? [2] [TOTAL = 5] Turn over.

12 12 Examiner 8. The soil on the farm has to be good to grow the crops. The ph of a soil shows how acid or how alkaline the soil is. The diagram below shows part of the ph scale and the best ph for different plants. Different plants have different ph requirements calcifuges (lime hating plants) calcicoles (lime loving plants) crop most crops fail conifers, heathers, azeleas, rhododendrons fine lawn grasses top and soft fruit most crops thrive brassicas legumes carnations spinach most crops fail ph of soil (a) The farmer tested the ph of the soil in his fields. Help him to fill in the table below. [5] Field ph Best plants and legumes spinach and (b) In the garden at the front of the farmhouse, Heathers and Azaleas grow well. What is the ph of the soil? [1] (c) What is the best ph for most crops to thrive? [1] (d) In one field, the ph of the soil is 3. What will grow here? [1] (e) What could the farmer add to change this soil from acid to alkali? [1] [TOTAL = 9]

13 13 Examiner 9. Wild flowers grow among the crops on the farm. This diagram shows a wild flower, cut in half. Use the words below to label the flower. (vi) (i) (ii) (vii) (iii) (iv) (v) Primrose Petal Sepal Anther Ovule Ovary Stigma Style [TOTAL = 7] Turn over.

14 14 Examiner 10. The fields on the farm are surrounded by hedges. These keep the animals in the fields and also protect the crops. Here is a pie chart to show some of the plants in the hedge. Violets 10% Wild Strawberry 5% Buttercups 5% Dog Rose 20% Hawthorn 35% Guelder Rose 25% Answer the questions, using true or false. (a) Hawthorn is the main plant of the hedge [1] (b) There are more Dog Roses than Guelder Roses [1] (c) There are more Violets than wild strawberries [1] (d) Violets and Buttercups together make up 20% of the hedge plants [1] 1 (e) Guelder rose makes up of the hedge plants [1] 4 [TOTAL = 5]

15 15 Examiner 11. Look at the words in list A and find the meaning in list B. Join each word with its meaning, using a straight line. LIST A LIST B Grey mould An animal which hunts other animals. [1] Predator Plant food needed in tiny amounts. [1] Trace element Speeds up the growth of roots. [1] Rooting powder A fungus disease of plants. [1] Nitrogen Improves leaf growth. [1] [TOTAL = 5]

The life of a tree in Pittville Park

The life of a tree in Pittville Park INTRODUCTION This resource sheet describes the life of a tree in the park: how it starts life, how it lives and what is done with it when it dies. A short walk in the