Segunda Sesión Informativa del proyecto Colaboración UE-Latinoamérica sobre Cooperación Transfronteriza en el marco de la Política Regional

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1 Segunda Sesión Informativa del proyecto Colaboración UE-Latinoamérica sobre Cooperación Transfronteriza en el marco de la Política Regional Comisión Europea (Dirección General de Política Regional y Urbana) y Asociación de Regiones Fronterizas Europeas (ARFE) Council of Europe activities: Spatial/Regional Planning (CEMAT) and European Landscape Convention (ELC) Strasbourg, 25 May 2013 Maguelonne DÉJEANT-PONS Head Division, Policy development Directorate of Democratic Governance European Landscape Convention / CEMAT Council of Europe maguelonne.dejeant-pons@coe.int

2 Council of Europe Intergovernmental organisation founded in Member States- Headquarters in the Palais de l Europe, Strasbourg Statutes - Promotes Democracy Human rights Rule of law - Seek Common solutions to the main problems facing European society: spatial/regional planning (CEMAT) and landscape policies (ELC)

3 HUMAN RIGHTS

4 How should the concept of human rights be interpreted? In this 21st century, we must recognise that human rights as defined in the 1950s in the aftermath of the Second World War and as enshrined and set out in the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Social Charter must gradually open up to new concerns and take account of what may be called the territorial and heritage dimension of human rights. While this concept clearly still needs to be explored and expanded, how could we fail to take account of the future of land and territory, an asset which we must pass on to future generations? How could we ignore the future of our natural and cultural heritage, which is absolutely invaluable but all too often is irreversibly threatened? We have a duty to consider these new rights, as well as new obligations and the responsibility we bear. The European Landscape Convention refers to rights and responsibilities for everyone. It is a matter of jointly looking after the future of our landscapes for coming generations and considering how to protect, manage, develop and shape them, so to speak, in the best way possible.

5 DEMOCRACY

6 Public participation and involvement are keystones of spatial development. The support, involvement and will of the public are vital to conserving, managing or developing territories on a sustainable basis. - European Regional/Spatial Planning Charter (1983): drew attention to the need for active public participation in the spatial planning process. - Recommendation Rec.(2002) 1 of the Committee of Ministers to the Member States on the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent : reiterated the importance of the effective participation of society in the spatial development process. Societal consensus is very important for the success of local and regional initiatives and also creates a dynamic environment for outside investors and economic players. The involvement of the younger generation in the planning process increase the chances of interesting the public in the long-term planning of their home region and in efficient and innovative participation. - European Landscape Convention (2000): each Party undertakes to establish procedures for the participation of the general public, local and regional authorities, and other parties with an interest in the definition and implementation of the landscape policies.

7 THE RULE OF LAW

8 Council of Europe Heritage and Landscape Conventions - Convention on the conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern, 1979) - Convention for the protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (Granada, 1985) - European Convention on the protection of Archaeological Heritage (revised) (La Valetta, 1992) - Council of Europe Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro, 2005) - European Landscape Convention (Florence, 2000): may be described as a new-generation treaty. It sets out areas of activity and the main thrusts of a programme of action providing the very basis for good governance and wise management of landscape

9 Spatial Planning Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers to Council of Europe member states Joint positions of Council of Europe Member states guiding spatial planning policies - Recommendation (84) 2 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the European Regional/Spatial Planning Charter (based on the Charter adopted at the 6th CEMAT, Torremolinos, 2003) - Recommendation (2002) 1 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent (based on the Guiding Principles adopted at the 12th CEMAT, Hanover, 2000) - Recommendation CM/Rec(2008)3 on the Guidelines for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention

10 COMMON SOLUTIONS

11 At their last Summit, Heads of State and Government of the Council of Europe expressed their commitment to improving the quality of life for citizens. In the section of the Action Plan on Promoting sustainable development, they agreed that, on the basis of the existing instruments, the Council of Europe would further develop and support integrated policies in the fields of environment, landscape and spatial planning, in a sustainable development perspective. The European Regional/Spatial Planning Charter indicated that regional/spatial development encourages improvement in the quality of everyday life, in respect of housing, work, culture, leisure or relationships within human communities, and the enhancement of the well-being of each individual through the creation of jobs and the provision of economic, social and cultural amenities which meet the aspirations of different sections of the population and which are sited in places where they will be used to the optimum. The European Landscape Convention also deals with individual and social wellbeing and people s quality of life. Its preamble provides that the landscape is an important part of the quality of life for people everywhere: in urban areas and in the countryside, in degraded areas as well as in areas of high quality, in areas recognised as being of outstanding beauty as well as everyday areas.

12 THE EUROPEAN LANDSCAPE CONVENTION

13 Why a Landscape Convention? The developments in agriculture, forestry, industrial and mineral production techniques, together with the practices followed in town and country planning, transport, networks, tourism and recreation, and at a more general level, changes in the world economy, have in many cases accelerated the transformation of landscapes. The Convention expresses a concern to achieve sustainable development based on a balanced and harmonious relationship between social needs, economic activity and the environment. It aims to respond to the public s wish to enjoy high quality landscapes.

14 Philosophy The landscape has an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields, and constitutes a resource favourable to economic activity and whose protection, management and planning can contribute to job creation;... contributes to the formation of local cultures and... is a basic component of the European natural and cultural heritage, contributing to human well-being and consolidation of the European identity;... is an important part of the quality of life for people everywhere: in urban areas and in the countryside, in degraded areas as well as in areas of high quality, in areas recognised as being of outstanding beauty as well as everyday areas;... is a key element of individual and social well-being and... its protection, management and planning entail rights and responsibilities for everyone. Preamble to the European Landscape Convention, 20 October 2000

15 Scope of the Convention The Preamble says that States wish to provide a new instrument devoted exclusively to the protection, management and planning of all landscapes in Europe. It applies to the entire territory of the Parties and covers natural, urban and periurban areas, whether on land, water or sea. It concerns not just remarkable landscapes but also ordinary or everyday landscapes and degraded areas. Landscape is recognised irrespective of its perceived value, since all forms of landscape are crucial to the quality of the citizens environment and deserve to be considered in landscape policies.

16 Definitions Landscape means an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors. Landscape policy means an expression by the competent public authorities of general principles, strategies and guidelines that permit the taking of specific measures aimed at the protection, management and planning of landscapes. Landscape quality objective means, for a specific landscape, the formulation by the competent public authorities of the aspirations of the public with regard to the landscape features of their surroundings. Landscape protection means action to conserve and maintain the significant or characteristic features of a landscape, justified by its heritage value derived from its natural configuration and/or from human activity. Landscape management means action, from a perspective of sustainable development, to ensure the regular upkeep of a landscape, so as to guide and harmonise changes which are brought about by social, economic and environmental processes. Landscape planning means strong forward-looking action to enhance, restore or create landscapes.

17 Aims of the Convention To promote protection, management and planning of landscapes; To organise European co-operation on landscape issues.

18 Adoption of the Convention - 19 July 2000, Strasbourg: Adoption of the Convention by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe October 2000, Florence: the Convention was opened for signature in the context of the Council of Europe Campaign Europe, a common heritage. Parties to the Convention: Andorra, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom (37 ratifications). Signatories states: Iceland, Malta (2 signatures). Other Council of Europe Member States: Albania, Austria, Estonia, Germany, Liechteinstein, Monaco, Russian Federation.

19 Council of Europe Working Programme The work done to implement the European Landscape Convention is aimed at: - Monitoring implementation of the Convention - Promoting European and international co-operation - Collecting examples of good practices - Fostering knowledge and research - Raising awareness - Fostering access to information

20 1. Monitoring the implementation of the Convention Council of Europe Conference of the on the European Landscape Convention Council of Europe Steering Committee for Culture, Heritage and Landscape (CDCPP) Next: March 2013 Contracting Parties and Signatories States of the European Landscape Convention Member States of the Council of Europe - Parliamentary Assembly - Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe - Conference of international non governmental organisations with participative statute to the Council of Europe - International governmental organisations - International and national NGOs

21 National level: Contracting Parties undertake to implement four general measures - Legal recognition of landscape as constituting an essential component of people s surroundings, an expression of the diversity of their shared cultural and natural heritage, and a foundation of their identity; - Establishment and implementation of landscape policies aimed at landscape protection, management and planning; - Establishment of procedures for the participation of the general public, local and regional authorities and other parties with an interest in the definition and implementation of the landscape policies; - Integration of landscape into regional and town planning policies and in cultural, environmental, agricultural, social and economic policies, as well as in any other policies, with possible direct or indirect impact on landscape.

22 National level: Contracting Parties undertake to implement five specific measures - Awareness-raising: increasing awareness among the civil society, private organisations and public authorities of the value of landscapes, their role and changes to them - Promotion in training and education: - training for specialists in landscape appraisal and landscape operations - multidisciplinary training programmes in landscape policy, protection, management and planning, for professionals in the private and public sector and for associations concerned - school and university courses which, in the relevant subject areas, address the values that the landscape has and the issues raised by its protection, management and planning - Identification and evaluation: mobilising those concerned in order to reach a better knowledge of landscape, guiding the work of landscape identification and evaluation through exchanges of experience and methodology between the Parties at a European level - Setting landscape quality objectives: defining landscape quality objectives for the landscapes identified and assessed, after public consultation - Implementation of landscape policies: introducing policy instruments aimed at protecting, managing and/or planning the landscape

23 Summary descriptive notes on the landscape policies pursued in Council of Europe member states A document on the landscape policies pursued in Council of Europe member states, giving the key facts concerning the landscape of the various Council of Europe member states, is regularly updated and a synthesis of the data is prepared. Insert graphic of front cover Presentation of landscape policies of the Council of Europe member states: - signature/ratification/approval of the Convention - name and contact details of the correspondent - definition of the term landscape in each national language - legal organisation (legal definition of the term landscape, constitutional or legislative status, regional laws) - administrative organisation (ministry responsible for landscape, responsibilities, documents, representation at the level of regional and local authorities, specific programmes, education syllabi, communication, awareness-raising or information programmes aimed at the public)

24 Synthesis of the received information concerning summary descriptive note on the landscape policies pursued in the Council of Europe Member States - Definition of the term landscape in each language - Law regarding landscape in each country - Legal definition of the term landscape - Specific law - Laws of a more general nature / Code that consolidates the applicable texts relating to landscape - Integration of landscape in sectorial policies - Regional and local authorities empowered in respect of landscape - Instruments allowing the integration of landscape into: Regional planning policies; Town planning policies; Cultural policies; Environmental policies; Agricultural policies; Social and economical policies; other policies as may have a direct or indirect effect on landscape.

25 The data will be incorporated in a Council of Europe Information System on the European Landscape Convention Recommendation CM/Rec(2008)3 Propose that each party contribute to the setting up of a database to appear on the website of the Council of Europe s European Landscape Convention. The database would be a toolbox which would help provide mutual technical and scientific assistance through the collection and exchange of landscape experience and research, as provided for in Article 8 of the European Landscape Convention on mutual assistance and exchange of information. Decision of the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Cultural Heritage and Landscape (CDPATEP) on the establishment of the Council of Europe Information System on the European Landscape Convention (5 May 2010) Proposed to Parties to the Convention to test on an experimental basis the final version of the Template for the presentation of the landscape policies of the Member States of the Council of Europe ; asked its Bureau to select for this aim some Parties to the Convention on the basis of the proposals received, taking into consideration geographical and administrative organisation representativity criteria.

26 Recommendation CM/Rec(2008)3 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the guidelines for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention General principles are designed to provide guidance on some of the fundamental articles of the European Landscape Convention: A. Consider the territory as a whole B. Recognise the fundamental role of knowledge C. Promote awareness D. Define landscape strategies E. Integrate the landscape dimension in territorial policies F. Integrate landscape into sectoral policies G. Make use of public participation H. Achieve landscape quality objectives Every planning action or project should comply with landscape quality objectives. It should in particular improve landscape quality, or at least not bring about a decline. The effects of projects, whatever their scale, on landscape should therefore be evaluated and rules and instruments corresponding to those effects defined. Each planning action or project should not only match, but also be appropriate to the features of the places. I. Develop mutual assistance and exchange of information

27 Examples of instruments for landscape policies used to implement the European Landscape Convention (Appendix 1) The purpose of this appendix is to provide some examples of instruments used to implement the European Landscape Convention. It can be supplemented by the experiences of parties to the convention on their own territories, which will provide useful lessons for improving the approach to landscape action. Instruments are already being put to use in several countries and each of them can be a model for either the creation of new instruments or the improvement of existing ones. Main categories of instruments: landscape planning: landscape study plans included in spatial planning inclusion of the landscape in sectoral policies and instruments shared charters, contracts, strategic plans impact and landscape studies evaluations of the effects of operations on landscape not subject to an impact study protected sites and landscapes relationship between landscape and regulations concerning the cultural and historic heritage resources and financing landscape awards landscape observatories, centres and institutes reports on the state of the landscape and landscape policies transfrontier landscapes

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33 Suggested text for the practical implementation of the European Landscape Convention at national level for use as guidance for public authorities when implementing the European Landscape Convention (Appendix 2) This guidance document suggests certain regulatory and institutional measures that could be taken at national level to assist in formulating, monitoring and evaluating landscape policies. Each paragraph is directly related to the corresponding provisions of the convention. Paragraph 1 Definitions / Paragraph 2 Scope /Paragraph 3 General principles 1. Legal recognition of landscapes - 2. Rights and responsibilities - 3. Integrating the landscape dimension - 4. Public participation - 5. Knowledge, awareness raising, education and training - 6. Landscape policy Paragraph 4 Division of responsibilities and competences... b. The Ministry of : i. is responsible for implementing landscape policy and for interministerial co-ordination in that field; ii. organises consultation with civil society and the assessment of landscape policies by an ad hoc body; iii. in collaboration with the other ministries and with public participation, regularly develops and reviews a national landscape strategy laying down the guiding principles of landscape policy and describing the paths taken and the goals pursued in order to protect, manage or plan landscapes. This landscape strategy should be made public. c. The ministries whose activities influence landscapes should liaise with departments responsible for implementing landscape policy in the course of their activities, in keeping with the principles embodied in Paragraph 3, and regularly report on their landscape policy. d. Regional and local authorities should have staff familiar with landscape issues who are capable of implementing landscape policy in their spheres of competence, taking landscapes into account at their respective territorial levels.

34 2. Promoting European and international co-operation International measures International policies and programmes The Parties undertake to co-operate in the consideration of the landscape dimension in international policies and programmes, and to recommend, where relevant, the inclusion of landscape considerations in them. The Parties undertake to co-operate in order to enhance the effectiveness of measures taken under other articles of the Convention, and in particular : - to render each other technical and scientific assistance in landscape matters through the pooling and exchange of experience, and the results of research projects; - to promote the exchange of landscape specialists for training and information purposes; - to exchange information on all matters covered by the provisions of the Convention. Transfrontier landscapes Transfrontier landscapes are covered by a specific provision : the Parties shall encourage transfrontier co-operation on local and regional level and, wherever necessary, prepare and implement joint landscape programmes. Council of Europe Landscape Award

35 Exchange experiences: the Council of Europe meetings of the workshops for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention - Organised by the Council of Europe with a Member State of the Council of Europe and other partners on a regular basis since Echange experiences, examining both good and bad practices in the protection, management and planning of the European landscape - Special emphasis is given to the experiences of the state hosting the meeting. - Next: Montenegro, 2013 Workshops May, Strasbourg, France Landscape policies: the contribution to the well-being of European citizens and to sustainable development social, economic, cultural and ecological approaches Landscape identification, evaluation and quality objectives, using cultural and natural resources Awareness-raising, training and education Innovative tools for the protection, management and planning of landscape Landscape Award

36 Workshops November, Strasbourg, France Integration of landscapes in international policies and programmes Transfrontier landscapes Individual and social well-being Spatial planning and landscape Exhibition on Landscape through the eyes of the children of Armenia Workshops June, Cork, Ireland Landscape for urban, suburban and peri-urban areas

37 Workshops May, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Landscape and society September, Girona, Spain, Landscape quality objectives: from theory to practice

38 Workshops September, Sibiu, Romania, Landscape and rural heritage Workshops April, Piestany, Slovak Republic, Landscape in planning policies and governance: towards integrated spatial management

39 Workshops October, Malmo, Sweden, Landscape and driving forces Swedish National Heritage Board Workshops April, Cordoba, Spain, Landscape and infrastructure for society

40 Workshops October 2011, Evora, Portugal, Multifunctional landscapes nnnn Workshops 4-5 June 2012, Carbonia (Sardinia), Italy, Forum of national landscape selections for the Council of Europe Landscape Award nnnn

41 Workshops and International CEMAT Symposium 2-3 October 2012, Thessalonica (Greece) Vision for the future of Europe on territorial democracy: Landscape as a new strategy for spatial planning Another way to see the territory involving civil society nnnn Using landscape as an approach to spatial planning ; Innovative tools, incentives and nnnn projects: the national spatial planning policies ; Landscape, spatial planning and public participation.

42 National information Seminars and Events on the European Landscape Convention Information Seminar co-organised by the Council of Europe and the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan (Armenia), October 2003 Information Seminar organised by the Council of Europe, Moscow (Russia), April 2004 Information Seminar concerning sustainable spatial development and the European Landscape Convention co-organised by the Council of Europe and Romania, Tulcea (Romania), 6-7 May 2004 Information Seminar co-organised by the Council of Europe and the Republic of Albania, Tirana (Albania), December 2005 Information Seminar on lands cape in Andorra co-organised by the Council of Europe and the Principality of Andorra, Andorra la Vella (Andorra), 4-5 June 2007 and other National Events organised by Ministries of the States concerned : Rome (Italy); Prague (Czech Republic), October 2010; Liverpool (United Kingdom), November 2010, other 2012

43 3. Collecting examples of good practice: the Council of Europe Landscape Award The Landscape Award recognise a policy implemented or measures taken by local and regional authorities or non-governmental organisations to protect, manage and/or plan their landscape which have proved effective in the long-term and can thus serve as an example to other territorial authorities in Europe. The Award thus contributes to the stimulation of those working on a local level and to the encouragement and recognition of exemplary landscape management. It will be conferred by the Committee of Ministers, on proposals from the Committee of Experts responsible for monitoring the implementation of the Convention. Resolution CM/Res(2008)3 on the rules governing the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe on 20 February 2008 Criterion 1 Sustainable territorial development Criterion 2 Exemplary value Criterion 3 Public participation Criterion 4 Awareness-raising

44 SUBMITTED FILES 1st Session Czech Republic 2. Finland 3. France 4. Hungary 5. Italy 6. Slovenia 7. Spain 8. Turkey SUBMITTED FILES 2 nd Session Belgium 2. Cyprus 3. Czech Republic 4. Finland 5. France 6. Hungary 7. Italy 8. Netherlands 9. Norway 10. Serbia 11. Slovakia 12. Slovenia 13. Spain 14. United Kingdom

45 SUBMITTED FILES 3rd Session Belgium 2. Czech Republic 3. Finland 4. France 5. Hungary 6. Ireland 7. Italy 8. Latvia 9. Lithuania 10. the Netherlands 11. Poland 12. Portugal 13. Romania 14. Serbia 15. Slovakia 16. Slovenia 17. Spain 18. United Kingdom

46 1st Session Council of Europe 2009 Landscape Award: The Parc de la Deûle, Lille Métropole (France) The Parc de la Deûle, Lille Métropole (France) has received the Council of Europe 2009 Landscape Award. In the framework of the Landscape Convention, a special mention goes to the Parque de Christina Enea, San Sebastián (Spain). The Award and the special mention were officially presented by the representative of the Council of Europe Secretary General on the occasion of the 8th Meeting of the Council of Europe on the implementation of the European Landscape Convention (Malmö, Sweden, 8-9 October 2009). The granting of the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe is to encourage those receiving the prize to ensure sustainable protection, management and planning of the landscape areas concerned.

47 2nd Session Council of Europe 2011 Landscape Award: The City of Carbonia: the Landscape Machine (Italy) Decisions of the Committee of Ministres of 12 October 2011 and Ceremony of the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe on 20 October 2011

48 4. Fostering knowledge and research for landscape policies Landscape and sustainable development: challenges of the ELC - Integration of landscapes in international policies and programmes; - Transfrontier landscapes; - Education; Individual and social well-being; Spatial planning and landscape CoE Publishing, 2006 Selected EU funding opportunities to support the implementation of the European Landscape Convention

49 Landscape facets: reflections and proposals for the implementation of the ELC - Landscape, town, peri-urban and sub-urban areas; - Infrastructure and landscape: roads; - Road infrastructure: tree avenues in the landscape; - European Local Landscape circle studies: implementation guide; - Education on landscape for children; - Training of landscape architects; Landscape and ethics) CoE Publishing, 2012 Landscape and wind turbines, Landscape and leasure, Landscape and education...

50 5. Raising awareness CoE Futuropa for a new vision of landscape and territory Magazine Landscapes: the setting for our future lives (Naturopa, 1998, n 6) The European Landscape Convention, (Naturopa, 2002, n 98) Landscape through literature (Naturopa, 2005, n 103) Vernacular habitat, an heritage in the landscape (Futuropa, 2008, n 1) Landscape and transfrontier cooperation (Futuropa, 2010, n 2) Landscape and public space (Futuropa, 2013, n 3)

51 6. Fostering access to information: ELC Website EuropeanLandscapeConvention Conventioneuropeennedupaysage Insert graphic of front cover About the Convention Text of the Convention Linguistic versions Explanatory report Parties to the Convention Guidelines for the implementation of the Convention Linguistic versions Documentation Reference texts of the Council of Europe about landscape Publications of the Council of Europe Convention leaflet Naturopa/Futuropa magazines Meetings of the Convention Conferences Workshops National seminars Working groups Landscape Award Rules of the Landscape Award of the Council of Europe Linguistic versions Award sessions: National actions National implementation Compendium of national data

52 Progresses achieved the landscape is progressively included in the political agenda of governments, an important network of cooperation at intenational level for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention has been developed, the concept of landscape, as defined by the Convention, is becoming more and more recognised in public policies at national, regional and local levels as well as by populations, new forms of cooperation are developed between different levels of authorities (national, regional and local) and between ministries or departments of one State or region, specific working structures for landscape (observatories, centers or landscape institutes) have been created, specific laws and regulations referring to landscape have been developped according to the provisions of the Convention, States or regions cooperate beyond their borders for transfontier landscapes,

53 national landscape awards referring to the European Landscape Convention have been launched, university programmes have been developped with a reference to the Convention and summer universities on landscape are organised, biennale landscape festivals and exhibitions are organised and films referring to the European Landscape Convention prepared.

54 Conclusions The Council of Europe contributes to find solutions that will enable the society of tomorrow to live in an environment that gives scope for its full development. Contemporary society throughout the world are confronted and will be brought increasingly to grips with phenomena and events that bring in question the values of civilisation, the ideals of their philosophies. Exaggerated population growth, urbanisation, concentration, competition, regional imbalance, unequal development are the challenges that human being must recognise and overcome. Spatial/regional planning policy is an instrument in the hands of public authorities which use is a political responsibility. Spatial/regional planning policy should result in an organisation of space that expresses, in its distribution of human being and their activities, and in the quality of human environment created or adapted to our own time, the values of European civilisations.

55 THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS RESPONSIBLE FOR SPATIAL/REGIONAL PLANNING CEMAT/CoE

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57 Council of Europe Conferences of Ministers responsible for regional/spatial planning - CEMAT st CEMAT Foundations of a European regional planning policy - Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany, September nd CEMAT Objectives of a European regional planning policy - La Grande Motte, France, September rd CEMAT Urbanisation and regional planning - Bari, Italy, October th CEMAT Planning of rural areas in Europe - Vienna, Austria, October th CEMAT Achievements and prospects for regional planning in Europe - London, United Kingdom, October th CEMAT Prospects of development and of spatial planning in maritime regions - Torremolinos, Spain, May th CEMAT The evolution of the decision-making process in regional/spatial planning - The Hague, The Netherlands, October th CEMAT Rational use of land: basis and factors limiting our development - Lausanne, Switzerland, October 1988

58 - 9th CEMAT Instruments for achieving rational use of land - Ankara, Turkey, November th CEMAT Strategies for sustainable regional and spatial development in Europe beyond the year Oslo, Norway, September th CEMAT Sustainable regional and spatial planning in Europe and the protection of water resources - Limassol, Cyprus, October th CEMAT Joint spatial planning and sustainable development strategy for Europe - Hanover, Germany, September rd CEMAT Implementation of strategies and visions for sustainable spatial development of the European continent - Ljubljana, Slovenia, September th CEMAT Networks for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent Building bridges across Europe - Lisbon, Portugal, th CEMAT Future challenges: sustainable spatial development of the European Continent in a changing world - Moscow, Russian Federation, th CEMAT Territorial democracy : the role of public participation in the process of sustainable territorial development of the European Continent - Greece, th CEMAT Romania, 2017

59 The concept of Regional/Spatial planning Recommendation (84)2 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on the European Regional/Spatial Planning Charter Regional/spatial planning gives geographical expression to the economic, social, cultural and ecological policies of society. It is at the same time a scientific discipline, an administrative technique and a policy developed as an interdisciplinary and comprehensive approach directed towards a balanced regional development and the physical organisation of space according to an overall strategy. Characteristics of spatial planning Man and his well-being as well as his interaction with the environment are the central concern of regional/spatial planning, its aims being to provide each individual with an environment and quality of life conducive to the development of his personality in surroundings planned on a human scale.

60 Regional/spatial planning should be democratic, comprehensive, functional and long-term orientated : democratic: it should be conducted in such a way as to ensure the participation of the people concerned and their political representatives; comprehensive: it should ensure the co-ordination of various sectoral policies and integrate them in an overall approach; functional: it needs to take into account the existence of a regional consciousness based on common values, culture and interests, sometimes crossing administrative and territorial boundaries, while overlooking the institutional arrangements of different countries; long-term: the trends and long-term development of economic, ecological, social, cultural and environmental phenomena should be analysed and taken into account.

61 The Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent Recommendation Rec (2002) 1 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States I. How the Guiding Principles contribute to the implementation of the Council of Europe s social cohesion policy II. Spatial development policies in Europe : new continent-wide challenges and prospects 1. Intercontinental relationships as strategic elements for European spatial development policy 2. The multiplicity of cultures 3. Large European regions as a basis for mutual support and co-operation 4. Integration of the old and new Member States III. Specific role of the private sector in spatial development

62 IV. Principles of a planning policy for sustainable development in Europe 1. Promoting territorial cohesion through a more balanced social and economic development of regions and improved competitiveness 2. Encouraging urban development generated by functions and improving the relationship between the town and the countryside 3. Promoting more balanced accessibility 4. Developing access to information and knowledge 5. Reducing environmental damage 6. Enhancing and protecting natural resources and the natural heritage 7. Enhancing the cultural heritage as a factor for development 8. Developing energy resources while maintaining safety 9. Encouraging high quality, sustainable tourism 10. Limiting the impact caused by natural disasters

63 V. Spatial development measures for different types of European regions 1. Landscapes 2. Urban areas 3. Rural areas 4. Mountains 5. Coastal and island regions 6. Eurocorridors 7. Flood plains and alluvial valleys 8. Redundant industrial and military sites 9. Border regions

64 VI. Strengthening of co-operation between the Member States of the Council of Europe and participation of regions, municipalities and citizens 1. Possibilities of conceiving development-oriented spatial planning 2. Developing Europe-wide co-operation activities on the basis of the Guiding Principles 3. Horizontal co-operation 4. Vertical co-operation 5. Active participation of society in spatial planning process

65 The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, considering the Guiding Principles to be: a major contribution towards the implementation of the strategy of social cohesion; a policy framework document ; a coherent strategy for an integrated and regionally balanced development of our continent, Recommends that the Member States of the Council of Europe: use the Guiding Principles as a basis for planning and spatial development measures; implement the Guiding Principles in spatial development projects as appropriate; continue establishing regional governmental and administrative bodies in order to facilitate better spatial integration. The Guiding Principles contribute to the implementation of the United Nations Programme Agenda 21, Rio de Janeiro (1992), Johannesburg (2002), Rio de Janeiro (2012)

66 Council of Europe Conferences of Ministers responsible for spatial/regional planning (CEMAT) 13 th CEMAT, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2003 Implementation of Strategies and visions for sustainable spatial development of the European Continent Ljubljana Declaration on European Rural Heritage Observation Guide CEMAT Initiative on the Sustainable Spatial Development of the Tisza/Tisa River Basin

67 14 th CEMAT, Lisbon, Portugal, 2006 Networks for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent Bridges over Europe Lisbon Declaration on Lisbon Declaration on Networks for sustainable spatial development of the European continent: Bridges over Europe Resolution No. 1 on Polycentric development: promoting ompetitiveness, enhancing cohesion Resolution No. 2 on Territorial governance: empowerment through enhanced co-ordination CEMAT Glossary of key expressions used in spatial development policies in Europe

68 15th CEMAT, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2010 Future Challenges: Sustainable spatial development of the European continent in a changing world The 15 th Session of the CEMAT and Celebration of the 40 th Anniversary of the CEMAT took place in Moscow on 8-9 July 2010 with the participation of Mr Thorbjørn Jagland, Secretary General of the Council of Europe, at the invitation of Mr Viktor Basargin, Minister of the Regional Development of the Russian Federation and Chairperson of the CEMAT for the period

69 The Session was attended by over 150 participants the Member States and observer states of the Council of Europe and by representatives of the Committee of Ministers, the Parliamentary Assembly, and the Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB). The promotion and the implementation of the Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent, of the CEMAT Ljubljana Declaration on The Territorial Dimension of Sustainable Development and of the CEMAT Lisbon Declaration on Networks for sustainable spatial development of the European continent: Bridges over Europe had been discussed at national and international levels, and in particular at transnational, transfrontier and inter-regional levels.

70 1) National level National Reports for the preparation of the Moscow Declaration (23 national reports: Armenia, Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, «the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia», Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine) Synthesis of the National Reports

71 2) International level CEMAT Report of activities, including the conclusions of the international CEMAT Symposium : - The accessibility and attractiveness of rural and landlocked areas: sustainable transport and services of general interest, Principality of Andorra, Andorra la Vella, Andorra, October Challenges and strategies for metropolises and metropolitan regions, in a context of growing globalisation with regard to economic, social, environmental and cultural development, St Petersburg, Russian Federation, June The spatial dimension of human rights: for a new culture of territory, Yerevan, Armenia, October A comprehensive approach to balanced sustainable spatial development of the European Continent, Kyiv, Ukraine

72 CEMAT Glossary of sustainable spatial development CEMAT Pan-European Compendium on national spatial planning policies [Council of Europe CEMAT Website 3) Transnational, transfrontier and inter-regional levels: the pan-european Network of CEMAT Model Regions (Regions of Innovation) Minister of Regional Development and Local Government, Latvia: Sustainable planning for future! ; Minister of Urban Development, Armenia: Spatial Planning the architecture of harmonious human environment ; Deputy Director General, Department for Regional Planning, Ministry of the Environment, Norway: Spatial planning and landscape in the reform process and priorities of the Council of Europe

73 4) Texts adopted Moscow Declaration on Future challenges: Sustainable spatial development of the European Continent in a changing world Resolution No. 1 on The contribution of essential services to the sustainable spatial development of the European Continent Resolution No. 2 on The Pan-European Charter of rural heritage: for a sustainable territorial development Resolution No. 3 on The organisation of the 16th CEMAT (2013)

74 - Moscow Declaration on Future challenges: Sustainable spatial development of the European Continent in a changing world Milestones in the history of CEMAT Climate change, population ageing and social polarisation call for appropriate and efficient territorial policy responses Promoting innovative, sustainable and cohesive territorial development in a context of accelerating globalisation and as a means of responding successfully to economic challenges in the post-crisis period The quality and efficiency of territorial governance are key factors in responding successfully to new challenges

75 The Declaration states: In the light of the foregoing, we, the Ministers responsible for Spatial/Regional Planning of the Member States of the Council of Europe, emphasise that: The Council of Europe Conference of Ministers responsible for Spatial/Regional Planning (CEMAT) of the Council of Europe, bringing together European Union and non-european Union member states, is a unique forum for discussion on the future of the European continent and for promoting cooperation and partnerships with regard to new, emerging challenges and to all territorial developments generated by structural changes. Calls on the Member States, the Committee of Ministers and the Secretary General of the Council of Europe to consider not only the importance of the work carried out by CEMAT over the past forty years in promoting territorial development on a pan-european level while supporting human rights and democracy, but also its present strategic activities on crucial issues in a rapidly changing and challenging context.

76 - Resolution No. 1 on The contribution of essential services to the sustainable spatial development of the European Continent Aims to integrate the human rights dimension into spatial development policies and to foster territorial cohesion. The CEMAT has expressed its views on specific aspects of these questions in its Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent and in its Ljubljana Ministerial Declaration on the territorial dimension of human rights (2003) and Lisbon Ministerial Declaration on Networks for sustainable spatial development of the European Continent: Bridges over Europe (2006). In the Ljubljana Declaration, it is, for example, stated that uneven accessibility to essential goods and services, generate marginalisation and exclusion. Essential services are services that, in the opinion of a member State, need to be generally available. These an adequate standard of living as set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights services, so necessary to the people of Europe, are important for spatial planning policies, especially in rural areas. Lack of access to such services jeopardises the right to an adequate standard of living as set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948).

77 - Resolution No. 2 on The Pan-European Charter of rural heritage: for a sustainable territorial development The Resolution contributes to the implementation of the provisions of the Guiding Principles related to Rural areas and to Broadly-based participation of society in the spatial planning process and to promoting the use of the European Rural Heritage Observation Guide CEMAT (Document 13 CEMAT (2003) 4). It considers that the rural heritage is a real asset and resource for territories, a factor and a driving force in sustainable development of the European continent, and plays a decisive role in making rural areas more attractive and in the balance between town and country. Recommendation Rec. (2002) 1 of the Committee of Ministers of the CoE to Member States on the CEMAT Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent recognises that the enhanced value of the cultural heritage, which increases the appeal of localities and regions for investors, tourists and the general public by enhancing the cultural heritage makes an important contribution to economic development and to strengthening regional identity.

78 - Resolution No. 3 on The organisation of the 16th CEMAT (2013) The Ministers acknowledge the kind invitation extended by the Government of Greece to host the 16 th Session of the CEMAT in 2013 and by the Government of Romania to host the 17 th Session of the CEMAT in Greece proposed as theme of the 16th CEMAT: Territorial democracy : the role of public participation in the process of sustainable territorial development of the European Continent.

79 A thoroughly modern concept, landscape combines all four elements of sustainable development: natural, cultural, social and economic. It is also a constantly evolving story. A unique setting and meeting place for populations, landscape is a key factor in the physical, mental and spiritual well-being of individuals and societies. A source of inspiration, it takes us on a journey, both individual and collective, through time, space and imagination.