UPRISE. United Nations Environmental Council. designing the UN Headquarters for Sustainability in New York City by Tatjana M.

Transcription

1 UPRISE United Nations Environmental Council designing the UN Headquarters for Sustainability in New York City by Tatjana M. Anholts 14 March 2013 P4 by Tatjana M. Anholts, MSc Architecture: Materialisation Strategic Architectural Design Development Mentors: Ir. M.C. Korpershoek Architecture Ir. H. Plomp Building Technology Ir. K.P.M. Aalbers Sustainability

2 UPRISE United Nations Environmental Council 1 assignment 2 research - sustainability challenge 3 urban context 4 design development 5 landscape 6 building - Delegates Area 7 building - Employees Secretariat 8 conclusion

3 1 assignment

4 designing the United Nations Environmental Council in New York City The Hague Manhattan International Court of Justice General Assembly Security Council Economic & Social Council Secretariat + Environmental Council existing new 4 / 73

5 2 research - sustainability challenge

6 what is sustainable development? definition: Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. definition from Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987 p / 73

7 sustainability challenges 1 GOAL being a good example by making a sustainable building 2 GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture EVERY DAY THE UNITED NATIONS WORKS TO TACKLE GLOBAL CHALLENGES UNITED NATIONS PROVIDES FOOD TO 90 MILLION PEOPLE IN 73 COUNTRIES ASSISTS OVER 36 MILLION REFUGEES AND PEOPLE FLEEING WAR, FAMINE OR PERSECUTION COMBATS CLIMATE CHANGE AND HEADS A CAMPAIGN TO END LEADED FUEL USE IN OVER 100 NATIONS VACCINATES 58 % OF THE WORLD S CHILDREN, SAVING 2.5 MILLION LIVES A YEAR key value = sustainable solutions are integrated into the design KEEPS THE PEACE WITH UN 120,000 PEACEKEEPERS IN 16 OPERATIONS ON CONTINENTS 4 PROTECTS AND PROMOTES HUMAN RIGHTS ON SITE AND THROUGH 80 TREATIES/ DECLARATIONS ADVANCES DEMOCRACY ASSISTING SOME FIGHTS POVERTY HELPING 30 COUNTRIES A YEAR WITH THEIR ELECTIONS 370 MILLION RURAL POOR ACHIEVE BETTER LIVES IN THE LAST YEARS 30 MOBILIZES US$ 12.4 BILLION IN HUMANITARIAN AID TO HELP PEOPLE AFFECTED BY EMERGENCIES PROMOTES MATERNAL HEALTH, 30 MILLION WOMEN A YEAR SAVING THE LIVES OF 7 / 73

8 sustainability challenge 1 1 GOAL being a good example by making a sustainable building themes: - bioclimatic principles - water - energy - green - social - materialisation - transportation 8 / 73

9 sustainability challenge 1 1 GOAL being a good example by making a sustainable building bioclimatic principles sun orientation water closing the water cycle themes: - bioclimatic principles - water - energy green creating space for the development of biodiversity - green - social sustainability - materialisation social sustainability draw people into their living environment - transportation 9 / 73

10 sustainability challenge 2 2 urban farming producing food in the city GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture research: - problem - benefits urban farming - examples New York - proposal 10 / 73

11 sustainability challenge 2 2 growing population and increasing urbanisation - distance between people and food enlarges GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture depletion of fossil fuels makes the current form of agriculture impossible to maintain research: regular agriculture uses up to 70% of fresh water globally and is the main source of water pollution - problem - benefits urban farming - examples New York - proposal 11 / 73

12 sustainability challenge 2 2 GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture less transport = less energy more green in the city, alleviating heat stress and increasing biodiversity fresh food, full of nutrients research: - problem - benefits urban farming - examples New York - proposal organic household waste as compost means less pesticides are being used - less pollution new job opportunities added values: educational and recreational Eagle Street Farm, NY 12 / 73

13 sustainability challenge 2 2 Brooklyn Grange GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture research: - problem - benefits urban farming Public Farm I by WORK Architecture Company - examples New York - proposal 13 / 73

14 sustainability challenge 2 2 GOAL exploring new opportunities of producing food by combining farming and architecture in landscape: forest garden rooftop agriculture & green walls research: - problem - benefits urban farming - examples - proposal in building: hydroponics aquaponics 14 / 73

15 3 urban context

16 title location Manhattan UN Headquarters 16 / 73

17 current situation - green city scale improving waterfront parks currently underway neighborhood scale addition of a park on the UN plot improves the accessibility of green within walking distance Bryant Park 1.32 km Central Park 1.75 km UN plot 17 / 73

18 current situation - traffic flow Grand Central Terminal Lexington Ave 3rd Ave 65 % / 35 % 2nd Ave 5 % / 15 % 1st Ave 5 % / 15 % 15% tourist bus 10 % / 10 % 15 %.. % /.. % slow traffic fast traffic bus tourist bus flow visitors / flow employees 10 % FDR Drive 18 / 73

19 current situation - security issues: - busy 1st Avenue makes the entrances invisible - FDR Drive underneath the United Nations = high-risk main entrance employees main entrance visitors Hammarskjold Library Secretariat Building Conference Building General Assembly plot new building plateau / current security line 19 / 73

20 schematic masterplan Dag Hammarskjold Plaza boulevard expanded tunnel natural border - water relax gather rose garden forest garden pond sun & relax relax rooftop agriculture / green wall masterplan solutions: - natural security border - green boulevard by expanding existing tunnel 1st Ave - safe and visible entrances - green waterfront by tunneling the FDR Drive sports recreation new FDR Drive 20 / 73

21 4 design development

22 form research high rise, low rise or landscape building? 22 / 73

23 chosen form high rise, low rise or landscape building? sun orientation considering: - sun orientation - view from and towards building - continuation of existing compound summer winter summer winter 73 o 23 o 23 / 73

24 users security difference Delegates use: a few times a year Visitors - tourists - citizens use: every day Press & business use: occasionally use difference Employees use: working days design decision: three different buildings 1 Delegates 2 Employees 3 Visitors 24 / 73

25 site scheme 0 empty plot 9 m 25 / 73

26 site scheme 1 stair terraces towards the waterfront 47 - Dag Hammarskjold Plaza 26 / 73

27 site scheme 2 buildings 47 - Dag Hammarskjold Plaza employees delegates visitors 27 / 73

28 developing model 0 start model 1 emphasis sun and view 2 boxes for special contact with the outside 3 landscape underneath 28 / 73

29 design 29 / 73

30 design 30 / 73

31 5 landscape

32 landscape plan 32 / 73

33 characters 1 gather 2 relax 3 Visitors Centre forest garden 5 waterfront / 73

34 characters 1 and gather a place to meet, with a lifted green wall for sun protection 2 relax small scale boxes to retract from the busy city 1 Swiss Re office by BRT Bothe Richter Teherani architects 2 Oliver Bishop / Urban Plant Pot 34 / 73

35 character 3 - Visitors Centre plan Visitors Centre 1/500 3 Visitors Centre a a place to learn everything about food c functions outside: - patio with agricultural green wall (a) - agricultural rooftop (b) a d functions inside: - media centre (c) - experimental zone for agricultural methods like hydroponics (d) - restaurant (e) a Salad Bar by Turf Design b b Eagle Street Farm, New York kitchen e d media centre (half under ground) c hydroponics 35 / 73

36 character 4 and forest garden a place to learn about the production of food by nature, and to be invited to take action yourself 4 forest garden 5 waterfront a place for recreation and sports 5 the REAL estate by AL/Arch Harbour Bath by PLOT = BIG + JDS Seedbomb Vending by COMMONStudio Greenaind 36 / 73

37 approach from city 37 / 73

38 approach from city 38 / 73

39 view from East River 39 / 73

40 section stair terraces Palazzo Pepoli by Mario Bellini 40 / 73

41 overview program Employees Secretariat Delegates Area entrance building design visitors - Delegates Area - Employees Secretariat one shared entrance 41 / 73

42 6 building design - Delegates Area

43 entrance 43 / 73

44 program extending the existing main course entrance from parking press Employees Secretariat auditorium 450 p. press Environmental Council Delegates Lounge conference vertical transport auditoria 120 p. auditorium 300 p. security and info desk entrance back office 44 / 73

45 plan 45 / 73

46 connection delegates - employees stairway to the sky - meeting your collegues - exercise - connection of special functions Delegates Area 1 entrance 2 Delegates Lounge Employees Secretariat 3 installation floor - Living Machine 4 exposition floor and garden 5 restaurant and green house 46 / 73

47 views Delegates Area 1 stairs beginning 2 Delegates Lounge 47 / 73

48 7 building - Employees Secretariat

49 view 49 / 73

50 program green houses & restaurant offices exposition floor installation floor 50 / 73

51 construction 1 table construction 51 / 73

52 construction 2 floors - stabilizing the table structure 52 / 73

53 construction 3 columns 53 / 73

54 construction 4 floors 54 / 73

55 construction 5 inbetween floors - connecting element 55 / 73

56 construction 6 cores - staircases and elevators 56 / 73

57 taking the stairs stairway to the sky - meeting your collegues - exercise - connection of special functions Delegates Area 1 entrance 2 Delegates Lounge Employees Secretariat 3 installation floor - Living Machine 4 exposition floor and garden 5 restaurant and green house 57 / 73

58 installation floor - building and water Living Machine natural treatment of water Living Machine archive 58 / 73

59 exposition floor - garden and workshop space 59 / 73

60 offices - floorplan A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Work spaces based on United Nations Capital Master Plan Four types of workspace: A. USG/ASG (closed, 36 m 2 ) - only on the 6th floor Under-Secretary-General / Assistant Secretary General B. Directors (closed, 18 m 2 ) - only on the 6th floor C. Professionals (open, 9 m 2 ) D. General Services (open, 6 m 2 ) 60 / 73

61 offices - boxes 61 / 73

62 offices - boxes 62 / 73

63 offices 63 / 73

64 offices 64 / 73

65 top floor: greenhouses and restaurant c hydroponics 65 / 73

66 facades - south; double-skin facade - north; triple glazing south - river side north - city side 66 / 73

67 south (river side) 67 / 73

68 south (riverside) winter key value: natural ventilation summer 68 / 73

69 north (city side) 69 / 73

70 north (city side) winter summer 70 / 73

71 8 conclusion

72 key value - sustainability integrated in the design 72 / 73

73 UPRISE United Nations Environmental Council thank you