Florida Department of TRANSPORTATION Technical Memorandum Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed VE Pond Malabar Road (SR 514) PD&E Study From East of Babcock Street (SR 507) to US 1 Brevard County, Florida FPID: 430136 1 22 01 ETDM: 13026 The environmental review, consultation, and other actions required by applicable federal environmental laws for this project are being, or have been, carried out by the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) pursuant to 23 U.S.C. 327 and a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) dated December 14, 2016 and executed by the Federal Highway Administration and FDOT. September 2015 www.dot.state.fl.us
Florida Department of TRANSPORTATION Technical Memorandum Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed VE Pond Malabar Road (SR 514) PD&E Study From East of Babcock Street (SR 507) to US 1 Brevard County, Florida FPID: 430136 1 22 01 ETDM: 13026 September 2015 Prepared By SEARCH 700 North 9th Avenue Pensacola, Florida 32501 www.dot.state.fl.us
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE PROPOSED VE POND IN SUPPORT OF THE WIDENING OF SR 514/MALABAR ROAD BREVARD COUNTY, FLORIDA CONSULTANT: SEARCH 12443 San Jose Blvd., Suite 204, Jacksonville, FL 32223 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Melissa M. Dye, MA, RPA ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN: Mikel Travisano, MS CLIENT: FDOT, District 5 DATE: September 2015 FM#: 430136 01 This technical memorandum details the results of a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of one proposed pond associated with the Project Development and Environment (PD&E) Study for the proposed widening of State Road (SR) 514/Malabar Road at US 1 in Brevard County, Florida. The approximately 0.44 acre pond currently under study is located in the town of Malabar (Figure 1). The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), District 5, is proposing to widen the existing roadway from two to four lanes along this portion of SR 514/Malabar Road. This technical memorandum serves as an addendum to the 2014 SEARCH report titled Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SR 514 (Malabar Road) from Babcock Road to US 1, Brevard County, Florida (SEARCH 2014, Florida Master Site File [FMSF] Survey No. 20798). The regional prehistory and history, environment, research design, and field and laboratory methods in this addendum are consistent with those described in the previous report and are not repeated here. The purpose of the survey was to locate, identify, and bound any archaeological resources, historic structures, and potential districts within the project s APE and to assess their potential for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). This study was conducted to comply with Chapter 267 of the Florida Statutes and Rule Chapter 1A 46, Florida Administrative Code. All work was performed in accordance with Part 2, Chapter 12 of the FDOT s Project Development & Environment (PD&E) Manual (revised January 1999) and Cultural Resource Management Handbook (revised November 2004), as well as the Florida Division of Historical Resources (FDHR) recommendations for such projects as stipulated in the FDHR s Cultural Resource Management Standards & Operations Manual, Module Three: Guidelines for Use by Historic Preservation Professionals. The Principal Investigator for this project meets the Secretary of the Interior s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (48 FR 44716 42). This study also complies with Public Law 113 287 (Title 54 U.S.C.), which 1
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Figure 1. Location of the proposed VE Pond in Brevard County, Florida. 2
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report incorporates the provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended, and the Archeological and Historic Preservation Act of 1979, as amended. The study also complies with the regulations for implementing NHPA Section 106 found in 36 CFR Part 800 (Protection of Historic Properties). The Area of Potential Effect (APE) was developed to consider any visual, audible, and atmospheric effects that the project may have on historic properties. The APE defined for this project includes the proposed pond footprint in addition to a 100 foot buffer (Figure 2). LOCATION AND MODERN CONDITIONS The proposed VE Pond is located within Section 31 of Township 28 South, Range 38 East, in a wooded area northwest of the intersection of SR 514/Malabar Road and US 1. The terrain is relatively flat with elevations ranging from 28 to 30 feet above mean sea level (amsl). The nearest hydrological feature is the Indian River, located approximately 100 meters to the east. This large navigable waterway opens to the Atlantic Ocean approximately 12 miles south of the project APE at Orchid Island. Vegetation within the APE consists of oak, palmetto, and dense Brazilian pepper and grape vine. Soils within the APE are excessively drained sand (Figure 3). HISTORIC MAP AND AERIAL REVIEW Historic maps and aerial photographs were examined in order to identify past land use in the vicinity of the VE Pond APE. The earliest maps reviewed were the General Land Office (GLO) survey maps created by state land surveyors in the first half of the nineteenth century. These maps characteristically show landscape features such as vegetation, bodies of water, roads, and Spanish land grants. The level of detail in GLO maps varies, with some also depicting structures, Indian villages, railroads, and agricultural fields. GLO survey maps of the area were first created in 1845 (GLO 1845). This map gives no indication of human settlement in or around the project area (Figure 4). A dependent resurvey was completed in 1859 and shows no changes to the project area (GLO 1859) (Figure 5). Both maps show land divided into plots but offer little information about ownership, as much of this land remained sparsely inhabited until around the 1880s. By 1886 the region had experienced some growth, and the settlement of Malabar was depicted on maps from the period (Gray 1886). By 1889, the Florida East Coast (FEC) Railroad traveled along the Atlantic Coast and passed through Malabar (Wm. M. Bradley and Bros. 1889). Upon completion, the FEC stretched from Jacksonville to Key West, and the stretch of rail line that traveled through Malabar was initially called the Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Indian River Railway (Bramson 2003; Turner 2008). The 1920s brought increased automobile traffic and the addition of state and federal highways, including SR 4/US 1 which runs through Malabar. A 1936 Florida state highway map shows US 1/State Highway 4 and the FEC Railroad running on 3
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Figure 2. Proposed VE Pond APE, Brevard County, Florida. 4
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Figure 3. Soil drainage within the VE Pond APE. 5
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Figure 4. 1845 General Land Office Map with VE Pond APE. 6
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Figure 5. 1859 General Land Office Map with VE Pond APE. 7
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Figure 6. 1936 Florida State Road Department map of Malabar. 9
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Figure 7. 1943 US Department of Agriculture aerial photograph. 10
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Figure 8. 1951 US Department of Agriculture aerial photograph of Brevard County. 11
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Figure 9. 1969 US Department of Agriculture aerial photograph of Brevard County. 12
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Site 8BR00053 was first noted in 1884; however, it was not formally recorded with the State of Florida until Irving Rouse s survey of the Indian River in the late 1940s (Rouse 1951). To date, this site has not been evaluated for NRHP eligibility by the Florida SHPO. The site was recorded as a shell heap and contains Post Archaic pottery dating to the Malabar I and II periods. SEARCH is currently conducting Phase II National Register eligibility testing at 8BR00053 in support of the SR 514 project. SURVEY RESULTS Archaeology Results Information regarding soil drainage characteristics, proximity to water, and previously recorded resources was examined in order to develop testing strategies for the proposed pond. The VE Pond was determined to have high potential for archaeological sites based on the excessively drained soils, proximity to the Indian River, and the presence of known archaeological sites nearby. In total, four shovel tests were excavated within the proposed pond boundary, which is approximately 0.4 acres in size (Figure 11). The shovel tests typically revealed very dark graybrown sand from 0 to 20 centimeters below surface (cmbs) (0 8 inches) over yellow brown sand to 100 cmbs (39 inches). One archaeological site (8BR03293) was identified as a result of the archaeological survey. Attachment 1 contains the Field Specimen Log for artifacts recovered during the survey. The Survey Log Sheet is included as Attachment 2. Two positive shovel tests were excavated on the west end of the pond, producing historic artifacts and modern garbage in the first strata (plowzone). In the center of the proposed pond is a dilapidated structure heavily overgrown with grape vines and Brazilian peppers (Figure 12). The footprint of the proposed pond from the structure west to the positive shovel tests is inaccessible due to that vegetation. Modern garbage was also noted on the surface across the proposed pond, and is likely associated with several homeless camps scattered across the property. The property to the immediate north of the proposed pond boundary has been recently cleared, and extensive modern garbage was noted on the surface. The deposits of trash in the VE Pond APE may also be a result of the activities to the north. 15
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report Figure 12. Views of structure associated with 8BR03293; view west toward structure (above), close view of door and front window (bottom left), view of structure s interior (bottom right). 17
September 2015 SEARCH Final Report CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) REFERENCES CITED Bramson, Seth 2003 Speedway to Sunshine: The Story of the Florida East Coast Railway. Boston Mills Press, Buffalo, NY. Environmental Services, Inc. 2005 A Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey of the Paladin Shores Tract, Brevard County, Florida. Florida Master Site File Survey No. 11766. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) 1989 Report of Supplemental Investigation, State Project No. 70180 1505. Florida Master Site File Survey No. 2149. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. Florida State Road Department 1936 Malabar. Online document, http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/maps/, accessed July 21, 2015. General Land Office 1845 Township 28 South, Range 38 East. Online document, http://glorecords.blm.gov/, accessed July 20, 2015. 1859 Township 28 South, Range 38 East. Online document, http://glorecords.blm.gov/, accessed July 20, 2015. Gray, Ormando Willis 1886 Gray s Atlas. O. W. Gray and Son, Philadelphia. Online document, http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/maps/, accessed July 20, 2015. Janus Research 2001 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the Interstate 95 PD&E Study from State Road 514 to State Road 50, Brevard County, Florida. Florida Master Site File Survey No. 6794. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. Kavanagh and Leung 2013 Florida Trees and Wildflowers: A Pocked Guide to Familiar Species. Waterford Press Inc. Rouse, Irving 1951 A Survey of Indian River Archaeology. Yale University Publications in Anthropology. New Haven. 20
SEARCH September 2015 CRAS of Proposed VE Pond along SR 514, Brevard County, Florida (FM# 430136 01) Final Report SEARCH 2003 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey of the Marie Lakes Project, Brevard County, Florida. Florida Master Site File Survey No. 9251. On file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. 2014 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SR 514 (Malabar Road) from Babcock Road to US 1, Brevard County, Florida. Florida Master Site File Survey No. 20798. On file, SEARCH, Newberry, Florida. Turner, Gregg M. 2008 A Journey into Florida Railroad History. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. US Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1943 Aerial Photographs: Brevard County. Online document, http://ufdc.ufl.edu/aerials/, accessed July 20, 2015. 1951 Aerial Photographs: Brevard County. Online document, http://ufdc.ufl.edu/aerials/, accessed July 20, 2015. 1969 Aerial Photographs: Brevard County. Online document, http://ufdc.ufl.edu/aerials/, accessed July 20, 2015. US Geological Survey (USGS) 1980 Topographical Map of Melbourne East, Florida. Online documents, http://historicalmaps.arcgis.com/usgs/, accessed July 20, 2015. Wm. M. Bradley and Bros. 1889 Bradley s Atlas of the World for Commercial and Library Reference. Wm. M. Bradley and Bros, Philadelphia. Online document, http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/maps/, accessed July 20, 2015. 21
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ATTACHMENT 1: FIELD SPECIMEN (FS) LOG