Benefits of ENERGY STAR Commercial Water Heaters in the Food Service Industry Nov 5 th, 2012 Presented by: Amin Delagah
Lab Research Test Method Development Product Test & Evaluation Field Research Product and System Development and Evaluation Research Reports and Equipment Database Outreach: Seminars Publications Trade Shows Design Guides Consultation: Site Surveys Design Consultation Utility Rebates Customer Service Codes & Standards: Green Buildings/LEED Green Business CEC Title 20 IAPMO ASHRAE ENERGY STAR
ENERGY STAR Recognized Products Currently there are only gas storage heaters on the list from A.O. Smith, Bradford White, Rheem-Ruud with 8 brands represented No gas tankless heaters on the list Heat pump water heaters may be a future inclusion to the ES list, also very viable for commercial foodservice sector Focus the conversation on what is on the list
Why Foodservice? Why are foodservice facilities a promising segment for market penetration of commercial ENERGY STAR water heaters? Many facilities, many commercial storage water heaters installed Significant energy load and energy savings potential for the sector Recent field study in fine dining restaurant Good correlation between restaurant FT² or input rate versus gas savings Many opportunities for replacement, often times heaters installed in commercial kitchens fail before the expected life of 8 years Existing research on savings potential is available to support a marketing effort by utilities Good payback period
Facilities Using Natural Gas for WH California estimate of 200,000 commercial facilities with moderate to heavy hot water load 164,000 facilities use natural gas for water heating
Solving For Segment Gas Load Example: Full-Service Restaurants In California 1. Recount Data 2007 34,400 Facilities 2. Gas Heating in 95% of Facilities 32,680 Gas Heaters 3. Average Hot Water Use 2500 Gallons Per Day 4. 363 Days Operation 907,500 Gallons Per Year 5. 145 F Outlet - 65 F Inlet 80 F Average Temperature Rise 6. Estimated: 90% of Facilities Operate at 65% Standard Efficiency and 10% of Facilities at 85% High Efficiency 67% Average 65% Nominal System Efficiency
Gas Load Equation Solving For Facility Gas Load Daily Water Heating Gas Load = Where:
Solving For Sector Gas Load Example: Full Service Restaurants In California 7. Daily Gas Load Per Facility = 2500 gallons day 8. Annual Facility Gas Use 1 therm 100,000 lb F 65% lb 8.33 gal 80 F = 25. 6 therms day = 25.6 therms day 363 days year = 9300 therms year 9. Annual Full Service Restaurant Sector Gas Load = 9300 therms 30,960 Facilities = 288 million therms year
Annual Gas Use Per Facility
Annual Gas Load Per Segment California estimate of 620 million therms of gas use annually in segments with moderate to high hot water load Restaurants use about half at 320 million therms
2000 CPUC Study on Commercial Natural Gas Usage by Building Type Three major investorowned utilities reported that commercial facilities used 2,100 Mtherms of natural gas annually. Miscellaneous 9% Heating 31% 38% of gas use was for water heating! Equates to 800 Mtherms annually in commercial facilities. Water Heating 38% ~2100 Mth Cooking 22%
Gas Savings of Condensing Heaters Existing research on savings potential is available to support an incentives program and marketing efforts by utilities Installing a condensing storage heater saves Hot Water Use (gal/d) Temperature Rise ( F) System Efficiency Gas Use (therms/y) Gas Savings (therms/y) Quick Service 500 70 70% 1520 90% 1180 340 Full Service 2,500 80 65% 9360 80% 7600 1760
Daily Hot Water Use in Foodservice
Recent Field Monitoring Work Initial Goals Characterize hot water use in fine-dining restaurant Compare performance of standard efficiency versus high efficiency heater
Average Daily Water Use Profile 24-hour flow profile for average water use day, 975 gal/d Standard efficiency heater had a hard time keeping up during night cleanup
Operating Efficiency Normalized at 1000 gal/d and 95 F temperature rise Operating efficiency of 92% for high efficiency vs. 74% for standard efficiency, 770 therms saved annually
FSTC Research Site-monitoring of hot water systems has shown a good correlation between hot water use, energy savings, heater input rates, and incentives in food service
Daily Hot Water Use VS. Store Area
Daily Hot Water Use VS. Input Rate
Do ENERGY STAR Water Heaters Offer a Simple Payback of 2 Years? Deli + Sandwich Laundry Facility Bar + Tavern K-12 School Coffee + Specialty Supermarket Quick Service Restaurant Work Cafeteria Full Service Restaurant Hotel Hotel with Food Service or Casino Personal Care Services Office Building Hospital College + University Nursing + Residential Care Correctional Facility
Condensing Heaters Save Energy, But Implementation barriers remain Installed base is low, less than 10% in California In retrofit applications, adding exhaust piping, locating a condensate drain and electrical supply may be a challenge Like for Like emergency change out syndrome
Condensing Heaters save energy, but Solutions Incentivize high efficiency products, a few utilities are offering substantial incentives ($5/kBtu+), many are not Further incentivize planned replacement Training and incentives for plumbing professionals and dealer, limited New facilities need to be condensing heater ready
Where to next? Other promising segments for ENERGY STAR commercial water heater replacements include: Hotels Supermarkets Nursing and residential care Work cafeterias