NFPA 80 Overview January 21, 2016 Kristin Bigda, P.E. Senior Fire Protection Engineer National Fire Protection Association Presenter Kristin Bigda, P.E. Senior Fire Protection Engineer, NFPA Building Fire Protection and Life Safety Department Started NFPA in 2007 Bachelors of Science, Civil Engineering Masters of Science, Fire Protection Engineering NFPA 1, NFPA 101, NFPA 5000, NFPA 80, NFPA 105 2 Overview Part 1 - NFPA 80 Overview and ITM requirements Part 2 - NFPA 80 FAQs/common compliance issues Part 3 NFPA 80, 2016 edition and the future 3 MFIS 1/21/2016 1
NFPA 80 why? 4 NFPA 80 why? 5 Part 1: NFPA 80, 2010 edition MFIS 1/21/2016 2
Document Scope This standard regulates the installation and maintenance of assemblies and devices used to protect openings in walls, floors, and ceilings against the spread of fire and smoke within, into, or out of buildings. 7 Revisions 1999 to 2007 Major Reorganization Manual of Style Title Change Broader Scope Fabric Fire Safety Curtains/Fire Dampers Care and Maintenance Updates to Chute Doors, Fire Shutters, Rolling Steel Doors and Service Counter Doors Swinging Doors 8 Current Document Organization (2007- present) Core Chapters Chapter 1-5 Doors Chapters 6-16 Other Opening Protectives Chapter 17-21* Annexes 9 MFIS 1/21/2016 3
Chapter 1 Scope Purpose Retroactivity Equivalency 10 Chapter 2 Referenced Publications NFPA ASME ASTM CSA BHMA UL 11 Chapter 3 Definitions 12 MFIS 1/21/2016 4
Chapter 4 General Requirements General Limitations Listed and Labeled Products Classifications and Types of Doors Glazing Material in Fire Doors Transparent Composite Panels Classification of Hardware for Fire Doors Placement of Detectors Supporting Construction Testing (moved to Ch.5 in 2013) 13 General - Appurtenances Accordance with manufacturer s inspection service procedure and under label service Permitted job-site preparation Holes for surface-applied hardware, function holes for mortise locks and holes for labeled viewers Max ¾ wood and composite door undercutting Installation of protection plates 14 General Signage 5% of the area of the face of the door Does not impair operation of the door Attached with adhesives 15 MFIS 1/21/2016 5
Listed and Labeled Products Hinges and Pivots Locks and Latches Door Closers/Coordinating Devices Fire Exit Hardware Door Attachments Protection Plates Louvers Astragals Gasketing Glazing 16 Classification-Door Types The hourly designation indicates the duration of the fire test exposure and is know as the fire protection rating. Fire door ratings 1/3-hour (20 minutes) 1/2-hour (30 minutes) 3/4-hour (45 minutes) 1-hour (60 minutes) 1-1/2 hour (90 minutes) 3 hour (180 minutes) Glazing Fire protection-rated Glazing that has a fire protection rating Indicates duration of fire test exposure which a fire door or window assembly was exposed and successfully met all acceptance criteria as in accordance with NFPA 252 or NFPA 257. Fire resistance-rated Glazing that has a fire resistance rating. The time, in minutes or hours, that materials or assemblies have withstood a fire exposure as established in accordance with the test procedures of NFPA 251 18 MFIS 1/21/2016 6
Maximum Glazing Area 19 Placement of Detectors 20 Fusible Link Installation 21 MFIS 1/21/2016 7
Fusible Links (TIA 10-2) Where fusible links are installed on both sides of the wall, a sleeve shall be installed through the wall to provide an open pathway for the cable or chain connecting the fusible links. ½ diameter galvanized steel conduit or pipe. Free movement of cable or chain through the sleeve required. 22 Supporting Construction Sills Not required for noncombustible floors extended through the door opening. Required where combustible floor or floor covering extends through the door opening 2013: removed special sill, added definition for sill 23 Clearance Requirements - 2007 4.8.4 Clearance. The clearance under the bottom of a door shall be a maximum of ¾ inch (19 mm). 24 MFIS 1/21/2016 8
Testing Upon completion of installation test is required to confirm operation of the closing device and full closure Moved to Chapter 5 for 2013 25 Swinging Doors Chapter 6 Swinging Doors with Builder s Hardware Typical components: door, a door frame, hinges, a lock or latch, and a closing device. They also include, but are not limited to, an astragal, a split astragal, an automatic louver, a coordinator, flush or surface bolts, gasketing, a holder/release device, protection plates, and glazing materials. Mounting Flush mounted in labeled door frames Operation closed and latched at time of fire: selfclosing, automatic-closing or power-operated 26 Builders Hardware Consists of components that are separate products incorporated into the assembly and allowed to have their own subcomponents. Components produced from more than one manufacturer Builders hardware shall not be required to be shipped from the factory with the fire doors. Fire EXIT hardware 27 MFIS 1/21/2016 9
Self-Closing Doors 28 Automatic-Closing 29 Swinging Fire Doors Chapter 6 Component based systems Labeled door frames Labeled doors Labeled or listed door hardware products Closing Devices required for every fire door, coordinating device required on pairs of doors where an astragal or latch bolt is present. Latching Positive latching required Hinges 2 hinges for doors up to 60 in height, additional hinge for every 30, shimming is permitted to assist with meeting clearance requirements. 30 MFIS 1/21/2016 10
Pivots and Continuous Hinges (2013) 31 Clearances Doors in Pairs 1/8 ± 1/16 for steel doors, 1/8 for wood doors 32 Swinging Doors Chapter 6 Locks and latches labeled locks and latches, labeled fire exit hardware installed only on fire doors with marking 33 MFIS 1/21/2016 11
Protection Plates Factory installed Labeled, accordance with listing of the door Field installed Labeled, accordance with their listing Label not required if <16 34 Swinging Doors Chapter 6 Astragals not allowed on doors swinging in pairs in the means of egress that would inhibit the free use of either leaf Gasketing permitted but not required, must be provided only in accordance with the published listings of the door, frame or gasketing material manufacturer. 35 Swinging Doors Chapter 7 Differences from Chapter 6: Type of hardware Construction of the door leaf and frame Sheet metal or tin-clad construction Larger in size (thickness, width, height) Hardware is generally not labeled separately (label on the door covers all the accessories and hardware) 36 MFIS 1/21/2016 12
Fire Door Hardware Consists of components that are separate products incorporated into the assembly. Hardware furnished by the fire door manufacturer Fire door hardware shall be shipped from the factory with the fire door. 37 Horizontally (8)/Vertical Sliding Doors (10) Door Panels Mounting Clearance Attachment Closing Devices/Speed Releasing Device Power Operated 38 Special Purpose Horizontally Sliding Doors (9) Photo courtesy of Won-Door Corporation 39 MFIS 1/21/2016 13
Rolling Steel Doors (11) Photo courtesy of Lawrence Doors 40 Fire Shutters (12) Three types Swinging (Chapter 6 or 7) Sliding (Chapter 8 or 10) Rolling (Chapter 11 41 Service Counter Doors (13) Photos courtesy of Lawrence Doors 42 MFIS 1/21/2016 14
Elevator Hoistway Doors (14) 43 Chute Doors (15) 44 Access Doors (16) Horizontal or vertical Not a damper access door 45 MFIS 1/21/2016 15
Fire Windows (17) Testing NFPA 257 Labeling Window and frame require label, each unit required label visible after installation Installation fastened securely to the wall, capable of resisting stresses Operation Fixed or automatic closing 46 Other Opening Protectives Chapter 18 Glass Block Assemblies Chapter 19 Fire Dampers Chapter 20 Fabric Fire Safety Curtains Chapter 21 Fire Protective Curtain Assemblies (new, 2016) 47 Care and Maintenance Chapter 5 Application New and existing installations Doors, shutters, and windows. 48 MFIS 1/21/2016 16
Removal of a Door or Window Where a door or window opening is no longer in use, the opening shall be filled with construction equivalent to that of the wall. 49 Replacement Installed per new installation 50 Field Modifications 2013 - New definition Field Modifications. Changes, not otherwise permitted by this standard, made to a listed assembly or component after it has been manufactured. Contact the lab with which product or component being modified is listed and description provided to lab. Field modifications permitted without a field visit from laboratory if authorized by the lab. Guidance for when a door/shutter/window manufacturer is no longer available. 51 MFIS 1/21/2016 17
Inspections and Testing 5.2.1 Fire door assemblies shall be inspected and tested not less than annually, and a written record of the inspection shall be signed and kept for inspection by the AHJ. Functional Test Visual test 52 Documentation New for 2013: Date of inspection Name and address of facility Inspector name Name and address of inspecting company Signature of inspector of record Individual record of each inspected door assembly Identifier and location of each fire door assembly Type and description of each door assembly Verification of visual and functional operation List of deficiencies and corrective action 53 Record Retention (2013) Acceptance tests life of the assembly Other inspection and tests at least 3 years No mandatory format - paper or electronic are OK. 54 MFIS 1/21/2016 18
Fire Door Inspector Criteria (2013) 5.2.3.1* Acceptance testing of fire door and window assemblies shall be performed by a qualified person with knowledge and understanding of the operating components of the type of assembly being subject to testing. 55 Qualified Person 3.3.95 Qualified Person. A person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, professional standing, or skill, and who, by knowledge, training, and experience, has demonstrated the ability to deal with the subject matter, the work, or the project. 56 Performance Based Option 57 MFIS 1/21/2016 19
Minimum Items To Be Inspected (1) Labels are clearly visible and legible (2013) 58 (1) No open holes or breaks exist in surfaces of either the door or frame. 59 (2) Glazing, vision light frames, and glazing beads are intact and securely fastened in place, if so equipped. (Section 4.4, Glazing Material in Fire Doors) 60 MFIS 1/21/2016 20
(3) The door, frame, hinges, hardware, and noncombustible threshold are secured, aligned, and in working order with no visible signs of damage. (6.3.1, Door Frames, 6.4, Assembly Components) 61 (4) No parts are missing or broken. 62 (5) Door clearances at the door edge to the frame, on the pull side of the door, do not exceed clearances listed in 4.8.4 and 6.3.1.7 Photo courtesy of idighardware.com 63 MFIS 1/21/2016 21
(6) The self-closing device is operational, that is, the active door completely closes when operated from the full open position. (6.4.1, Closing Devices) 64 (7) If a coordinator is installed, the inactive leaf closes before active leaf. (6.4.1.2, Coordinating Device) 65 (8) Latching hardware operates and secures the door when it is in the closed position. (6.1.4, Operation of Doors, 6.4.4, Locks or Latches) 66 MFIS 1/21/2016 22
(9) Auxiliary hardware items that interfere or prohibit operation are not installed on the door or frame. (5.1.5.2, Field Modifications, 6.1.4 Operation of Doors) 67 (10) No field modifications to the door assembly have been performed that void the label. (5.1.5.2 Field Modifications) Photo courtesy of idighardware.com 68 (11) Gasketing and edge seals, where required, are inspected to verify their presence and integrity. (6.4.8, Gasketing) (13) Signage affixed to a door meets the requirements listed in 4.1.4. (2013) 69 MFIS 1/21/2016 23
Door Blockage Photo courtesy of idighardware.com 70 Closing Mechanisms Photo courtesy of idighardware.com Kept in working conditions at all times. Doors with automatic-closing devices operated at frequent intervals to ensure operation. Sliding and rolling doors inspected and tested annually to check for operation. Resetting of release mechanism done in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions Written record maintained and available for the AHJ Rolling steel doors drop tested twice (first for operation and full closure, second to verify device has been reset. Fusible links are not painted, paint has not accumulated on any movable part. 71 Repairs - Damages For damages that it could impair the door s proper emergency function: (1) Repaired with parts obtained from the door s manufacturer. (2) The door shall be tested to ensure emergency operation and closing upon completion of the repairs. 72 MFIS 1/21/2016 24
Repairs Holes (fastener) 73 Who is responsible? Owners Inspectors AHJs 74 Part 2: FAQs and common deficiencies MFIS 1/21/2016 25
Functional Testing Q: Who does the inspection and testing? A: Functional testing of fire door and window assemblies shall be performed by individuals with knowledge and understanding of the operating components of the type of door being subject to testing 2013: 5.2.3.1* Acceptance testing of fire door and window assemblies shall be performed by a qualified person with knowledge and understanding of the operating components of the type of assembly being subject to testing. 76 Clearance Solutions Photo courtesy of idighardware.com 77 Painted Fire Doors Most fire rated doors are permitted painted in the field and the painting of fire doors does not compromise the fireprotection ratings of the door assemblies. 78 MFIS 1/21/2016 26
Fire Pins From NFPA 101, Life Safety Code (new in 2012) 7.2.1.5.1 Door leaves shall be arranged to be opened readily from the egress side whenever the building is occupied. 7.2.1.5.2* The requirement of 7.2.1.5.1 shall not apply to door leaves of listed fire door assemblies after exposure to elevated temperature in accordance with the listing, based on laboratory fire test procedures. 79 Holes in Fire Doors 80 Grandfather Clause NFPA 80 is based on product and engineering practices recognized as acceptable at the date of issue. Not the intent that the provisions be applied to installations that were existing or approved for construction or installation prior to the effective date of the document. In those cases where it is determined by the AHJ that the existing situation involves a distinct hazard to life or property, retroactive application of the provisions of this document shall be permitted. Existing assemblies are required to comply with Chapter 5 for ITM provisions 81 MFIS 1/21/2016 27
Labeled vs. Listed 3.2.3 Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner. 3.2.4* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that either the equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. 82 Does NFPA 80 address? A lot of items that we have to think about with fire doors don t come from NFPA 80: Door width Types of doors Door swing Door operation Locks and latches Forces to open the door Fire protection rating Labeling details 83 Other issues What issues do you see related to fire doors? 84 MFIS 1/21/2016 28
Part 3: NFPA 80, 2016 edition and beyond New! - Drilling Raceways 4.1.3.2.4 New text permits drilling raceways for wires when performed at the job site Accordance with the door manufacturers listing and when permitted by the laboratory (Considered a field modification if no provisions in listing) 86 New! Label information 4.2.1.1 through 4.2.1.6 New provisions for information that must be included on a label Doors Frames Windows Oversized 87 MFIS 1/21/2016 29
New! Glazing Marking 4.2.2 88 New! Oversized Doors 4.3.9 New text addresses fire doors that are too large to be fire tested 89 Actuation Devices for doors, shutters and windows Section 4.7, updated and expanded text General Requirements Smoke detectors Heat detectors Fusible links 90 MFIS 1/21/2016 30
New! Doors exceeding bottom clearance 4.8.4.2 Products evaluated for fire doors with a bottom clearance in excess of ¾ (19mm) and listed for use at or under the bottom of the fire door are permitted where installed in accordance with their listings. 91 New! Field Labeling 5.1.4 Performed by individuals or companies that have been certified or listed, or that are representatives of a labeling service (proof of qualifications required) Field label information Modifications to non-fire rated doors 92 New! - Maintenance Procedures 5.5.9 Fire door assemblies shall be inspected and tested upon completion of maintenance work Records required for all maintenance work 93 MFIS 1/21/2016 31
New! Repairing Fastener Holes in Door or Frame 5.5.7 and 5.5.8 Fastener holes are permitted to be filled with material listed for use and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s procedures Repairs to other holes in door or frame must be treated as a field modification 94 Clearances for Swinging Doors 6.3.1.7 Door Hollow metal doors and frame HPDL face, 20 min flush wood doors, stile and rail wood doors installed in hollow metal frame HPDL face, flush wood doors, stile and rail wood doors > 20 min Other Clearance Maximum 1/8 +/- 1/16 (3.18 mm +/- 1.59 mm) 1/8 +/- 1/16 (3.18 mm +/- 1.59 mm) 1/8 (3.18 mm) 1/8 (3.18 mm), unless otherwise permitted in the door frame, door, or latching hardware man. pub. listing 95 New! - Thresholds 6.4.9 When used, thresholds shall be noncombustible or listed. Revised definition of sill: A structural component of the building that forms the bottom part of an opening over which a door closes. New definition of threshold: A builders hardware component that is installed beneath a closed door 96 MFIS 1/21/2016 32
Chute Doors Chapter 15 Revised text to extract wholly from NFPA 82 Additional text for discharge and intake doors, general access and limited-access gravity chutes, and pneumatic chutes 97 New! Fire Dampers, Acceptance Testing 19.4 Adds new text regarding acceptance testing of fire dampers Qualified person Visual inspection Closing damper by all means Variable air volume system/heat-sensing elements Records 98 New! Fire Dampers, Periodic Testing New detailed requirements for test methods Fusible link operated dampers Dampers that do not use a fusible link to operate (motorized actuators) 99 MFIS 1/21/2016 33
New! Fire Protective Curtain Assemblies New Chapter 21 Addresses the installation, inspection, testing, and maintenance of fire protective curtain assemblies installed to protect vertical openings. Tested to UL 10D, Fire Tests for Fire Protective Curtain Assemblies New definition An assembly typically consisting of a fabric curtain, a bottom bar, guides, a coil, and an operating and closing system 100 Resources Document Information Pages www.nfpa.org/80 www.nfpa.org/105 Technical Questions Service NFPA 80 Handbook Annotated Edition 101 102 MFIS 1/21/2016 34
2019 Edition Public Input Closing date June 29, 2016 First Draft Meeting September 2016 We need your input! 103 Thank you! kbigda@nfpa.org MFIS 1/21/2016 35