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Part 1: Diseases of Vegetables J. Danny Gay Extension Plant Pathologist Adapted to PowerPoint by George Boyhan Extension Horticulturist Learning Objectives General vegetable diseases Specific diseases of vegetables General insects of vegetables Insect pests of specific vegetables 30,000 Diseases On Economic Plants In U.S. 2

CAUSES OF PLANT DISEASES Unfavorable Growing Conditions. Bacteria Fungi Viruses Nematodes ENVIRONMENT CAUSAL AGENT 3

HOST causal agent host environment Disease FUNGI Simple plants that lack the ability to produce their own food 4

Bean Rust Powdery Mildew Anthracnose 5

Lima Bean Anthracnose BACTERIA Minute, one celled plants which lack the ability to make their own food 70 BILLION BACTERIA Ideal Conditions 12 hours 6

Bacterial Canker 7

Root-knot Damage Cyst Nematodes 8

VIRUSES Complex molecules that infect, multiply, mutate, and otherwise act like living organisms while living in plant cells Watermelon Mosaic Virus Alton N. Sparks, Jr., The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org Turnip Mosaic Virus 9

MOSAICS NECROSIS YELLOWS CRINKLING EXTERNAL SYMPTOMS RINGSPOT VEIN BANDING STREAKING VEIN CLEARING VIRUS TRANSMISSION MECHANICALLY SEED VECTORS (insects, etc.) GRAFTING AND BUDDING POLLEN PARASITIC PLANTS 10

DO I HAVE A NEMATODE PROBLEM? 11

Rhizoctonia 12

Pythium Damping-off 13

Bean Rust Sulfur Daconil 2787 Stem Anthracnose Symptoms Leaves Stems Pods Brick Red Blotches 14

Anthracnose Control Western Grown Seed Rotation Early Blight 15

Early Blight Daconil 2787 Maneb + Zinc Alternaria 16

Bacterial wilt Southern blight 17

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Tobacco Mosaic Virus Cucumber Mosaic Virus 2,4-D D Injury 19

Root-knot Nematode Fusarium wilt Choanephora Pod Blight 20

Anthracnose Downy mildew Gummy Stem Blight 21

Target-spot Belly-rot 22

Bacterial Wilt Powdery mildew 23

Squash Mosaic Seedborne Tobacco Insects 24

Mosaic Virus Cowpea Mosaic Virus & Southern Bean Mosaic Virus 25

Downy Mildew Cercospora leafspot Pale-spot Anthracnose Crater-rot rot 26

Part 2: Vegetable Insects Burton R. Evans Extension Entomologist Adapted to PowerPoint George E. Boyhan Extension Horticulturist Preventive Insecticide Treatments 27

Extension Publications Pests Damage Identification Control General Pests 28

Corn Earworm Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.insectimages.org Corn earworms Alton N. Sparks, Jr., The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org Corn earworms 29

Tomato Fruitworm/Corn Earworm Aphids 30

Aphids Aphids John A. Weidhass,, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, www.insectimages.org Spider mites 31

Spider mite damage Stink Bug Stink Bug 32

Stink Bug Damage Okra pods Stink Bug Damage Flea Beetles 33

Flea Beetles Beans and Peas Cowpea Curculio 34

Cowpea Curculio Damage Cowpea Curculio Damage Mexican Bean Beetles 35

Mexican Bean Beetles Lesser Cornstalk Borers Thrips 36

Thrip damage Cucumbers, Melons, Squash and Pumpkins Spotted Cucumber Beetle Alton N. Sparks, Jr., The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org 37

Striped Cucumber Beetle Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, www.insectimages.org Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.ipmimages.org Pickleworm Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.ipmimages.org Squash bug 38

Squash bug Squash Vine Borer Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.insectimages.org Squash Vine Borer Alton N. Sparks, Jr., The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org 39

Cabbage, Collards, Broccoli, and Turnips Cabbage Maggot Cornell Cooperative Extension Cabbageworms Cabbage Looper 40

Cabbage Looper Damage Cabbage Looper Control Cultural Destroy Crop Residue Chemical Sprays or dusts Biological Bacillus thuringiensis Cabbageworm Diamondback Moth Caterpillar Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.ipmimages.org 41

Cabbageworm Diamondback Moth Caterpillar Cabbageworms - Imported Cabbageworm Cabbageworms - Imported Cabbageworm 42

Cabbageworms - Imported Cabbageworm-Eggs Harlequin Bug Sweet Corn 43

European corn borer European corn borer Onions 44

Onion Maggot Thrips Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, www.ipmimages.org Alton N. Sparks, Jr., The University of Georgia, www.ipmimages.org Thrips 45

Potatoes Irish and Sweet Colorado Potato Beetle Leafhopper 46

Leafhopper Steve L. Brown, The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org White Grub White Grub 47

Grub Control Weeding Plowing Treating soil with chemicals Wireworm Steve L. Brown, The University of Georgia, www.insectimages.org Wireworm Damage 48

Tomatoes, Eggplants And Peppers European Corn Borer Cutworms Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series,, www.insectimages.org 49

Hornworm Whiteflies Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, www.insectimages.org Whiteflies David Riley, The University of Georgia, www.ipmimages.org 50