First Revision No. 1-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 1.2.1 ] 1.2.1 The purpose of this standard shall be to provide a process for conducting live fire training evolutions to ensure that they are conducted in safe facilities and that training objectives are achieved the and that exposure to health and safety hazards for the fire fighters receiving the training is minimized. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 19:42:59 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: Safe is not measurable. The revised language ensures that the training objectives are met while protecting fire fighters. Public Input No. 18-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 1.2.1] of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 2-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 1.2.2 ] 1.2.2 Live fire training is intended to provide the safest and best experience possible under both realistic and controlled circumstances. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 19:48:44 EST 2015 : Safest is not measurable. With the revisions to 1.2.1 1.2.2 is no longer needed. Public Input No. 19-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 1.2.2]
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 15-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 1.3.2 ] 1.3.3* No person shall be in the same continuous space where a flashover is engineered to occur for the sole purpose of observation. Supplemental Information File Name FR-15_A.1.3.3.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 12:27:46 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The intent of the TC is to limit the thermal and chemical exposures to the instructors and students that are in the container for the sole purpose of observing fire behavior.
FR-15, new Annex material A.1.3.3 Applies specifically to non-gas fired flashover containers.
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 27-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 2.4 ] 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. NFPA 1001, Standard for Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications, 2008 2013 edition. NFPA 1410, Standard on Training for Initial Emergency Scene Operations, 2010 2015 edition. NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, 2007 2013 edition. NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents, 2014 edition. Submitter Full Name: Sonia Barbosa Submittal Date: Thu Mar 26 15:39:56 EDT 2015 : Updating edition years for extracts.
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 5-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.12 ] 3.3.14 Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH). Any condition that would pose an immediate or delayed threat to life, cause irreversible adverse health effects, or interfere with an individual's ability to escape unaided from a hazardous environment. [ 1670, 2014] Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 20:07:38 EST 2015 : Added definition in order to correlate with the addition of IDLH in the text.
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 16-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.13 ] 3.3.13 High Temperature Environment. An environment with a temperature above 104 F (40 C). Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 13:48:20 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Hyperthermic is not currently defined in NFPA 1403. Changed to high-temperature definition. Public Input No. 21-NFPA 1403-2014 [New Section after 3.3.13]
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 26-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.19 ] 3.3.21 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Consists of full personal protective clothing, plus a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and a personal alert safety system (PASS) device. [1001,2008 2013 ] Submitter Full Name: CURT FLOYD Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Submittal Date: Wed Mar 25 15:41:23 EDT 2015 : Updated the edition reference.
First Revision No. 3-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.3 ] 4.3 Student Prerequisites. 4.3.1* Required Minimum Training. Prior to being permitted to participate in live fire training evolutions, the student shall have received training to meet the minimum job performance requirements for Fire Fighter I in NFPA 1001, Standard for Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications, related to the following subjects: (1) Safety (2) Fire behavior (3) Portable extinguishers (4) Personal protective equipment (PPE) (5) Ladders (6) Fire hose, appliances, and streams (7) Overhaul (8) Water supply (9) Ventilation (10) Forcible entry (11) Building construction 4.3.2 Prerequisites for Live Fire Training Participants. Students participating in a live fire training evolution who have received the required minimum training from other than the AHJ shall not be permitted to participate in any live fire training evolution without first presenting prior written evidence of having successfully completed the prescribed minimum training to the levels specified in 4.3.1 Prior to being permitted to participate in live fire training evolutions, all participants shall have received training to meet the requirements in accordance with 4.3.2.1 through 4.3.2.7. 4.3.2.1 Introductory Live Fire Training. All participants shall be given classroom training for the following skills: (1) Recognizing the need for an in-depth theoretical and practical knowledge of fire behavior for safe fire suppression operations (2) Understanding the underlying concept of compartment fire behavior training as a basis for safe fire suppression operations 4.3.2.2 Health and Safety. All participants shall be given classroom training for the following skills: (1) Recognizing the physiological stress that results from working in protective clothing and SCBA in a high temperature environment (2) Understanding the rationale and need for medical monitoring during physiologically stressful training operations of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM 4.3.2.3 Fundamentals of Fire Behavior. All participants shall be given classroom training for the following skills: (1) Describing the basic chemical and physical processes involved in combustion (2) Explaining fire phenomena using the fire triangle and tetrahedron as simple models of combustion (3) Explaining basic concepts of thermal dynamics, including thermal energy, temperature, and methods of heat transfer (4) Describing the combustion process for gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels (5) Explaining the concepts of heat of combustion and heat release rate (6) Describing the influence of the fuel/oxygen mixture on combustion (7) Explaining the concept of chemical chain reaction as it relates to flaming combustion (8) Recognizing characteristics of common types of combustion products (9) Using terminology related to combustion and fire dynamics 4.3.2.4 Fire Development in a Compartment. All participants shall be given classroom training for the following skills: (1) Describing the general development of a fire and extension beyond a single room or compartment, including heat transfer methods, pressurization within the space, stages of fire development and transition from fuel controlled to ventilation controlled combustion (2) Identifying building factors influencing fire development (3) Explaining the concepts of fire load and ventilation profile (4) Explaining the significance of the transition from a contents fire to a structural fire (5) Using terminology related to fire development, including plume, ceiling jet, hot gas layer, neutral plane, air track and gravity current (6) Explaining the impact of the following factors on fire development in a compartment: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Type of fuel Availability and locations of additional fuel Volume of the compartment Ceiling height and size, number, and arrangement of ventilation openings Thermal properties of the enclosure (insulation) 4.3.2.5 Nozzle Techniques and Door Entry. All participants shall be given classroom and hands-on training for the following skills: (1) Identifying and describing factors influencing the effectiveness of extinguishment by cooling (2) Describing the application of indirect attack, direct attack, and 3D gas cooling (3) Demonstrating the nozzle techniques for pulsing, penciling, and painting (4) Recognizing key door entry size-up and dynamic risk assessment factors (5) Understanding how integrated door control and gas cooling reduce the risk of extreme fire behavior during door entry (6) Demonstrating effective door entry procedures
4.3.2.6 Extreme Fire Behavior (Classroom). All participants shall be given classroom and hands-on training for the following skills: (1) Recognizing the hazards presented by extreme fire behavior (2) Explaining how the following three extreme fire behavior phenomena occur: (a) (b) (c) Flashover Backdraft Smoke explosion (3) Explaining the influence of changes in ventilation profile in each of the following burning regimes: (a) (b) Fuel-controlled Ventilation-controlled (4) Differentiating between ventilation, unplanned ventilation, tactical ventilation, and tactical anti-ventilation. (5) Recognizing the significance of fire behavior indicators in each of the following categories: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Building Smoke Air track Heat Flame 4.3.2.7 Observation of Live Fire Behavior. Prior to participating in a live fire evolution, all participants shall be required to observe fire behavior in a controlled environment and shall demonstrate the following skills: (1) Describing anticipated fire behavior based on conditions experienced inside a compartment under actual fire conditions (2) Using visual observation under actual fire conditions to identify evidence of pyrolysis, neutral plane, air track, and rollover (3) Demonstrating the following nozzle techniques under actual fire conditions: (a) (b) (c) Pulsing (short pulse) Penciling Painting 4.3.3* Documentation of Prescribed Minimum Training. All participants in a live fire training evolution who have received the required minimum training from other than the AHJ shall not be permitted to participate in any live fire training evolution without first presenting written evidence of having successfully completed the prescribed minimum training to the levels specified in 4.3.1. 0 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
1 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 19:50:58 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Prerequisite training requirements for students participating in live fire training activities in the standard have not changed since the original requirements were included in the first edition of NFPA 1403 in 1986. In the last 5 years, fire tests conducted by both NIST and UL indicate that fire behavior in the current built environment is much different than what has been used as a basis for live fire training for the last 25 years, or more. The proposed changes will ensure that all participants of live fire training activities, both for students and particularly instructors, is based on current fire behavior conditions that are anticipated to be encountered in structural fire fighting. Response Message: Public Input No. 22-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 4.3]
2 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 12-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 4.6.5.1 ] 4.6.5.2 Assignment rotation, rest, and rehabilitation shall be provided for instructors. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 11:29:17 EST 2015 : TC determined that the language needed to be in the body of the document.
3 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 7-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.8.2 ] 4.8.2* All participants shall be inspected by t T he safety officer shall ensure that all participants PPE has been inspected in accordance with NFPA 1851 and NFPA 1852 prior to entry into a live fire training evolution to ensure verify that the protective clothing and SCBA are being worn correctly and are in serviceable condition. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 20:19:53 EST 2015 : Added that inspection of PPE meets NFPA 1851, 1852.
4 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 4-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.8.7 ] 4.8.7* All The fire department shall provide and require all students, instructors, safety personnel, and other personnel participating in any evolution or operation of fire suppression during the live fire training evolution shall breathe from an SCBA air supply to use SCBA when engaged in any operation where they could encounter atmospheres that are IDLH or potentially IDLH or where the atmosphere is unknown. whenever they operate under one or more of the following conditions: In an atmosphere that is oxygen deficient or contaminated by products of combustion, or both In an atmosphere that is suspected of being oxygen deficient or contaminated by products of combustion, or both In any atmosphere that can become oxygen deficient, contaminated, or both Below ground level Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 19:55:12 EST 2015 : To correlate with provisions of NFPA 1500 on SCBA use. Public Input No. 25-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 4.8.7]
5 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 6-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.10.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] Basic life support (BLS) emergency medical services shall be available on site to handle injuries. Supplemental Information File Name FR-6_A.4.10.1.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 20:10:12 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: ALS should be provided if available. Added annex material to correlate with language in 4.10.1 and to add if available ALS should be on the scene. Public Input No. 26-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 4.10.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]
FR-6, new Annex material A.4.10.1 If available, ALS should be provided on site.
6 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 10-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.11.4 ] 5.6 Water Supply. For acquired structures the minimum water supply and delivery for the live fire training evolutions shall meet the criteria identified in NFPA 1142. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 11:14:55 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The TC felt that water supply for specific acquired structures needed to be in the acquired structures chapter. Moved to 5.6.
7 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 11-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.11.5.1 ] 4.11.5.1 The requirements of 4.11.4 do not apply to permanently sited gas-fueled training systems. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 11:24:17 EST 2015 : Language not required.
8 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 20-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 4.12.2 ] 4.12.2 Pressure-treated wood, rubber, plastic, polyurethane foam, tar paper, upholstered furniture, and chemically treated or pesticide-treated straw or hay shall not be used as part of the fuel load. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 14:06:21 EST 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: Clarifies that structural components or material of acquired structures, are not prohibited from having those items as part of the structure. But are not to be used as part of the fuel load. Public Input No. 28-NFPA 1403-2014 [Section No. 4.12.2]
9 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 9-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 4.15.2 ] 4.15.3 Written learning objectives shall be required for all live fire training evolutions. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 10:02:27 EST 2015 Committee Statement: TC felt that objectives are necessary to mirror the realistic application tactics to condition fire fighter behavior.
First Revision No. 21-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 4.15.9.1 ] 4.16 Victim(s). 4.16.1 No person(s) shall play the role of a victim inside any live fire training structure or acquired structure. 4.16.2 Rescue manikins dressed in fire-fighting personal protective clothing and used as victims shall be uniquely colored or specially marked. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 14:11:26 EST 2015 Committee Statement: The existing text in the proposed 4.16.1 was in the 2007 edition of NFPA 1403 in 4.4.14 and was deleted by mistake in the 2012 edition. Revised text to allow use of mannequins in fire fighting PPE with limited applications. Response Message: Public Input No. 5-NFPA 1403-2013 [New Section after 4.15.9.1] 0 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
1 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 8-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. 5.1.7 ] 5.1.7* A clear description of the anticipated condition of the acquired structure at the completion of the evolution(s) and the method of returning the property to the owner shall be put in writing and shall be acknowledged by the owner of the structure. Supplemental Information File Name FR-8_A.5.1.7.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 26 20:31:57 EST 2015 : Provides guidance on how to deal with debris after a burn. Public Input No. 7-NFPA 1403-2013 [New Section after 5.1.6]
FR-8, new Annex material A.5.1.7 Live fire training evolutions leave debris on the lot that is hazardous and potentially a public nuisance. An understanding that this debris needs to be removed after the training evolution and is the responsibility of the owner needs to be acquired in writing by the AHJ.
2 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 14-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 5.2.4.1 ] 5.2.4.2 Fires shall not be ignited under exposed structural members. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 11:36:14 EST 2015 : Training fires should not be ignited under exposed structural members.
3 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 18-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Chapter 6 [Title Only] ] Gas-Fired Live Fire Training Structures and Mobile Enclosed Live Fire Training Props Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 13:56:25 EST 2015 : Safety requirements of this chapter should apply to mobile live fire training props.
4 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 19-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Chapter 7 [Title Only] ] Non-Gas-Fired Live Fire Training Structures and Mobile Enclosed Live Fire Training Props Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 13:59:10 EST 2015 : Safety requirements of this chapter should apply to mobile live fire training props.
First Revision No. 22-NFPA 1403-2015 [ New Section after 9.1.4 ] Chapter 10 Specialized Live Fire Training Environments 10.1 Requirements for Live Fire Training for Rapid Intervention Operations and Thermal Imagers 10.1.1 Training for rapid intervention operations and thermal imaging shall meet the requirements of Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7. 10.1.2 Training for rapid intervention operations and thermal imaging shall not be subject to 4.16.1 and 4.16.2. 10.1.3 Only one instructor playing the role of a victim shall be permitted per scenario. 10.1.4 In addition to the instructor playing the role of victim, a second instructor shall be present at all times and within 5 ft of an exit. 10.1.5 A thermal imager shall be used to observe the crew and the victim at all times during the evolution(s). 10.2 Instructor Requirements. 10.2.1 Instructor to student ratios shall be 3:1, or one instructor per functional group, for training in these environments. 10.2.2 Only those instructors approved by the AHJ shall be permitted to train in these environments. 10.2.3 Instructors shall be trained to the requirements of Chapter 5, 6.2.1, and 6.2.2 of NFPA 1407. 10.2.4 Instructors shall be trained to the requirements of Chapter 5 of NFPA 1408. 10.3 Student Requirements. 10.3.1 Students participating in thermal imaging training shall meet the requirements of Chapter 6 of NFPA 1408. 10.3.2 Students participating in rapid intervention training shall meet the requirements of NFPA 1407. 10.4 Specific Evolutions for Specific Environments. 10.4.1 Only evolutions that are designed to teach skills in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 1407 shall be conducted within the provisions of this chapter. 10.4.2 Only evolutions that are designed to measure performance in accordance with Chapter 8 of NFPA 1407 shall be conducted within the provisions of this chapter. 10.4.3 Only evolutions that are designed to teach the use of thermal imagers in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 1408 shall be conducted 10.5 Suitable Training Sites. 10.5.1 Acquired structures shall not be used for training for NFPA 1407 or NFPA 1408 evolutions. 10.5.2 Fire training centers shall be the only allowable environment to conduct training covered in Section 10.5. 5 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
6 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM 10.5.3 A minimum of two compatible rapid intervention crew (RIC) packs shall be available: one pack for training and one pack for the instructor playing the role of victim. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 14:15:49 EST 2015 Committee Statement: As a result of training accidents over the last three decades, the current and previous editions of NFPA 1403 have progressively become more restrictive since the inception of the standard as to the types of evolutions that can be conducted. The restrictions have made it more difficult to adequately train for the various modern environments and operations firefighters are encountering. The intent of the proposed new chapter on Specific Training Environments is to provide options for which specific types of evolutions could be conducted in order to meet requirements of NFPA 1001, 1407, and 1408. Response Message: Public Input No. 33-NFPA 1403-2015 [New Section after 9.1.4]
First Revision No. 13-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. A.4.6.5.1 ] A.4.6.5.1 Assignment rotation, rest, and rehabilitation of instructors shall be provided. Instructors Instructors should be provided rest and rehabilitation as required in 4.6.5.1. Instructors should remove their personal protective clothing to reduce thermal saturation of the PPE. See FR-12 Submittal Date: Fri Feb 27 11:33:03 EST 2015 : Moved to body 7 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM
8 of 28 4/15/2015 11:08 AM First Revision No. 25-NFPA 1403-2015 [ Section No. E.1.2.1 ] E.1.2.1 NIOSH Publications. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. Occupational Exposure to Hot Environments, Revised Criteria, 1986. Submittal Date: Mon Mar 09 12:52:17 EDT 2015 : Added proper edition date for clarity.