on Supercritical CO 2 (sco 2 ) Power Systems Design of a single-shaft compressor, generator, turbine of a small scale supercritical CO 2 system for waste heat to power conversion applications M. De Miol,,. Henry, N. Holaind, S. A. Tassou, A. Leroux Essen, 30/08/2018
Outline The I-ThERM project Overview of the sco 2 high-grade heat to power activities The HT2C facility at Brunel University London Design of the compressor, generator, turbine unit (CT) Aerodynamic Structural Ancillaries Conclusions and future challenges Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 2 /21
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.263 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.04.043 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.192 Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 3 /21
I-ThERM Project aim is to Investigate, design, build and demonstrate innovative plug and play waste heat recovery solutions to facilitate optimum utilisation of energy in selected applications with high replicability and energy recovery potential in the temperature range 70 1000 This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 680599 Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 4 /21
Scope of the I-ThERM s sco 2 project Power output 50 kwe 1 st law efficiency 20 % High TRL Low CAPEX (short PBP) Design of sco 2 system and Test rig Design and manufacturing of turbomachinery and Heat exchangers Experimental campaign Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 5 /21
High Temperature Heat To power Conversion (HT 2 C) at Brunel University London Heater: Micro-tube heat exchanger Heat source: ~ 1MW gas fired heat source Recuperator: Printed circuit heat exchanger C T Cooler: Plate heat exchanger min/max pressure [bar] min/max Temperature [ C] CO 2 mass flow rate [kg/s] 75/127.5 35/400 2.25 Heat sinks: Water/glycol dry cooler CO 2 gas cooler Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 6 /21
Filling tank Recovery tank Solenoid valve Needle valve vent Pressure relief valve Non return valve Flanged connection receiver recuperator Heat sink cooler Flow Pressure Temperature Vibration filter Oil separator pump Refrigeration compressor 2 nd European Seminar Heat source Heat source Process and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) Main features: as booster Needle valves CT ancillaries Filling tank Cooling Drainage Lubrication Heat from Recovery tank dry cooler at the Solenoid valve start-up Needle valve Filling tank vent Pressure relief valve Non return valve Flanged connection receiver sight glass heater recuperator Heat sink Recovery tank Solenoid valve Heat source cooler Flow ventpressure receiver Temperature Vibration heater recuperator Filling tank Filling tank Heat sink Heat source Design of Needle a scovalve 2 system for industrial waste Flanged heat connection recovery Flanged applications connection cooler Filling tank Filling tank vent receiver Recovery tank vent Recovery tank vent sight glass Recovery tank filter receiver Recovery tank Solenoid valve Oil separator Solenoid valve C heater heater recuperator recuperator Heat sink vent Heat sink Heat source receiver receiver cooler Oil+CO 2 Flow Flue gas heater heater T recuperator recuperator pump Water Pressure Pressure filter Needle valve Needle valve Solenoid valve Solenoid valve Flow Electrical power Flow sight glass Oil separator Refrigeration Temperature Temperature Pressure relief compressor valve Pressure relief valve Pressure Pressure filter Needle pump Flow valve Needle valve sight glass Vibration Vibration CO 2 Non return valve Non return valve Temperature Temperature Oil separator Oil Pressure filter Refrigeration Pressure relief valve Pressure relief valve Oil+COpump Vibration Vibration compressor 2 Non return valve Non return valve Oil separator C Heat sink cooler CO 2 Oil Heat sink Inverter Heat source cooler cooler Flow T sight glass Inverter C C sight gla filter sight gla Oil sepa filter pump Oil sepa Refriger pump 7 compre /21
Brunel s HT2C CAD concept 18ft recuperator Heat source CT sco 2 heater cooler 8ft Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 8 /21
Enogia s CT CAD concept 3 4 2 C T Inverter RTJ flanges 3 4 2 1 CT 1 5 5 Water CO 2 Oil CO 2 +Oil electric Electric cabinet Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 9 /21
P&ID heat source Degrees of freedom Mass flow rate temperature Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 10 /21
Turbomachinery for sco 2 systems Sienicki et al. (2011) High revolution speeds + small impeller diameters Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 11 /21
Turbomachinery design procedure Balje charts Meanline design CAD CFD FEA Presented at the 1 st EU sco 2 symposium https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.256 Max https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14568 Min Absolute pressure Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 12 /21
Aerodynamic design - Results Compressor Turbine Rotor Diameter 55 mm 72 mm Number of blades 7 14 Nozzle Number of blades 11 17 Isentropic efficiency (total-static) 76% 70% compressor turbine Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 13 /21
CT overall architecture Passive seals Longer shaft Rotational guidance Compressor Stator Rotor Turbine High pressure Stator Low pressure High pressure Drain Casing maintained via tie rod Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 14 /21
Rotodynamic calculations and tests Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 15 /21
enerator Assembly Magnet implementation enerator and cooler Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 16 /21
1 st European Seminar Conclusions sco 2 systems could be successfully applied on fossil, nuclear and industrial waste heat to power generation Within I-ThERM, BUL and Enogia developed one of the first full experimental sco 2 facility in Europe with high TRL Tens of kw as power output (small-scale) Novel heat transfer equipment Packaged design of the turbomachinery unit Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 17 /21
1 st European Seminar Ongoing activities Theoretical energy and exergy analysis on sco 2 cycle layouts https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.02.005 Transient modelling and control of sco 2 equipment and systems 3D CFD modelling of sco 2 equipment sco 2 rig fabrication Certification according to PED Experimental campaign Future work Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 18 /21
Acknowledgments This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 680599 BUL s team Prof. Savvas A. Tassou Dr. iuseppe Bianchi Dr. Samira Sayad Saravi Dr. Konstantinos M. Tsamos Dr. Lei Chai Mr. Matteo Marchionni www.foodenergy.org.uk Enogia s team Mr. Arthur Leroux Mr. Romain Loeb Mr. Norman Holaind Mr. Nicolas oubet Mr. abriel Henry Dr. ael Leveque Mr. William Derue www.enogia.com Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 19 /21
www.foodenergy.org.uk/ercom_2018_workshop.html Design of a sco 2 system for industrial waste heat recovery applications 20 /21
on Supercritical CO 2 (sco 2 ) Power Systems Design of a single-shaft compressor, generator, turbine of a small scale supercritical CO 2 system for waste heat to power conversion applications M. De Miol,,. Henry, N. Holaind, S. A. Tassou, A. Leroux Essen, 30/08/2018