Superblocks Gràcia, Barcelona Cynthia Echave Urban Ecology Agency of Barcelona Wien 11 September, 2014 1
BCNecologia Urban Ecology Agency of Barcelona www.bcnecologia.net 2
Ecological Urbanism Theoretical model COMPLEXITY COMPACTNESS URBAN ECOSYSTEM EFFICIENCY COHESION 3
Ecological Urbanism Theoretical model urban complexity biodiversity land use waste public space URBAN ECOSYSTEM energy mobility well being health water COMPACTNESS COMPLEXITY EFFICIENCY COHESION 4
Efficiency Low energy & emissions cities Emissions tco 2 TRANSPORT RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITIES URBAN PRIMARY MANAGEMENT SECTOR Liveability Cohesive & healthy cities PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC SERVICES GREEN ARCHITECTURE COMMUNITY & BELONGING EQUITY 5
Supermançana (Superblock) A new urban cell for an ecological urban model 6
Function + efficiency: Mobility based on Superblocks 7
Superblocks Efficient Mobility < 40% CURRENT MOBILITY > 60% 8
Superblocks Efficient Mobility MOBILITY STRATEGY > 75% < 25% http://www.ilanda.eu 9
Superblocks Urban model implementation phases Phase 1 Pacified streets & calmed traffic + Citizen participation processes + temporary uses in public space. Phase 2 Restriction access for pass vehicles. Allowed residential, urban freight or emergency vehicles. Phase 3 Urban development Physical transformation of public space. 10
CURRENT STANDARD MODEL SUPERBLOCK MODEL UDC 39,92% 31,92% 26,66% 1,51% 41,31% 35,11% (+3,5%) (+10%) 21,06% (-21%) 2,52% (+67%) 11
Superblocks in Barcelona 12
Orthogonal Network of Buses 13
Bicycle network coverage Main network proposal Existing proposal (2013) Population to <200 m network Population to <300 m network 14 14
Public Space in Barcelona Pedestrian streets in Barcelona: 74 ha. Liveable spaces in Barcelona: 474 ha. 15
Public Space in Barcelona with Superblocks Pedestrian streets with Superblocks in Barcelona: 750 ha. Liveable spaces with Superblocks in Barcelona: 992 ha. 16
Livability: Urbanism based on Superblocks 17
SINGLE USE: RIGHT OF WAY MULTIPLE USES AND FUNCTIONS 18
Plaça del Diamant Crossroads in urban fabric L Eixample = 1.916 m 2 19
Inner crossroads Green connectors axis Existing 30 Areas Superblocks 120 Potential crossroads 23 ha aprox. 20
Parc de la Ciutadella 15,4 ha Parc de Joan Miró 6,5 ha 120 Potential crossroads 23 ha aprox. 1,5 Parc de la Ciutadella 3,8 Parc de Joan Miró 21
MORE BIODIVERSITY 22
Green rooftops Vegetable garden Green corridors Green connectors Tree lines Private green Parks & Gardens Collserola s boundary Forest space Natural areas Reefs GREEN & BLUE INFRAESTRUCTURE IN BARCELONA 23
Food production Rain water collection energy heating & cooling temperature regulation pollutant absorption infiltration Biodiversity Naturalization of the city H 2 0 Greywater Source: Biodiversity Plan of Barcelona 24
Orthogonal Network Fase 1 Final Orthogonal Network Scenario / Population POP<35 min POP<40 min POB<45 min POP<50 min POP<55 min POP<60 min POP<91 min FASE 1 183.590 638.189 1.041.701 1.371.406 1.542.773 1.597.394 1.634.183 BCNeco FINAL 379.547 887.193 1.332.964 1.533.721 1.593.966 1.612.565 1.634.183 ACCESS TO THE CITY Global Accessibility to public transport 25
Corrected Compactness Balanced compression-decompression level 26
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Smart City A more intelligent city 28
Social inclusion A more cohesive and sustainable community 29
More space for greening Superblocks Public space Liberation Accessibility Building s energy savings Better microclimate Pedestrians thermal comfort Reorganization mobility networks Bicycle + Public transportation Less energy consumption Urban livability Parking and Merchandise delivery Noise and emissions reduction land use public space mobility urban complexity biodiversity well health waste water energy being 30
Livability index 01 Ergonomical Affect people s displacement and movement in open space. 02 Psychological Affect on people s attraction. 03 Physiological Affect on people s health and comfort wellness. 04 Proximity Affect on people s walking daily activities. Accessibility Pedestrians open space Angle SVF of Street Green presence perception Attractive activities Urban diversity Thermal comfort level Acoustic comfort level Air quality Walking accessibility to: Sustainable mobility networks Daily supply Public services Parks
IHEP Punctuation Livability Index Public Space in Barcelona Current Superblocks situation future scenario 32
Ecological Urbanism Certification System 33
Global Evaluation Urban sustainability certification Pilot Superblock La Maternitat i Sant Ramon Neighborhood, District Les Corts. 34 34
Current Situation Evaluation Urban sustainability certification Pilot Superblock La Maternitat i Sant Ramon Neighborhood, District Les Corts. 35
Current Situation Evaluation Urban sustainability certification Pilot Superblock La Maternitat i Sant Ramon Neighborhood, District Les Corts. 36
Superblocks Future Scenario Evaluation Urban sustainability certification Pilot Superblock La Maternitat i Sant Ramon Neighborhood, District Les Corts. 37
Superblock Gràcia Barcelona
Gràcia (2004) Population 119.210 inhabitants 10% foreign residents Area 418 ha Public space 10% pedestrians streets extension 38% sidewalks < 2,5m 2,4 m 2 green space/inhabitant Mobility 364 vehicles/1000 inhabitants 4.591 vehicles/inhabitants (BCN) 98km bus path line (BCN) Public space infraestructure (2004) Source: BCNecology 39
Gràcia (2012) Population 121.926 inhabitants 15,8% foreign residents Area 418 ha Public space 27% pedestrians streets extension 45% sidewalks < 2,5m 4,0 m 2 green space/inhabitant Mobility 648.221 vehicles/1000 inhab 14.127.278 vehicles/1000 inhab (BCN) 126 km bus path line (BCN) Public space infraestructure (2012) Source: BCNecology 40
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Data Gràcia Initial situation 2004 Current situation Proposal Superblock Stay public space 17 ha 46,4 ha 64,5 ha Pedestrians (m 2 ) 368.986 m 2 407.467 m 2 686.214 m 2 Squares (m 2 ) 21.188 m 2 44.942 m 2 52.599 m 2 Roads (m 2 ) 547.591 m 2 512.572 m 2 258.547 m 2 Parking places (out of streets) 36.312 p 37.903 p 45.123 p Urban freight parking 815 p 878 p CDU 46% 54% 73% 27% 43
Vila de Gràcia 44
C1 C1 10.354 inhabitants 6.228 dwellings 133 ha C2 5.999 inhabitants 3.453dwellings ha C2 45
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Plaça del Sol 50
Plaça Vila de Gràcia 51
Evolution 2005-2007 1 4 5 2 3 +10% 8 9 7 6 10-26% XB -40% Int 11 16 17 12 18 15 13 14 +30% 19 20
Evolution 2005-2007 20 19 11 16 4 12 17 8 5 1 18 9 15 7 2 13 10 6 14 3 Comparació dels nombres absoluts de vianants 2005-2007 punt 2005 2007 augmenta/d isminueix 1 1095 1265 15.12% 2 811 795 1.97% 3 1062 1321 24.34% 4 1597 1901 22.10% 5 1308 1787 1.13% 6 1032 850-17.72% 7 819 806-1.53% 8 1398 1290-7.69% 9 849 796-6.31% 10 796 669-16.02% 11 1301 1313 0.96% 12 1179 1282 8.78% 13 725 945 30.28% 14 928 806-13.10% 15 823 909 10.38% 16 1899 2465 29.81% 17 2246 3100 38.02% 18 2286 1872-18.13% 19 401 488 21.70% 20 135 313 131.85% Augmenta el nombre de vianants Disminueix el nombre de vianants augmenta disminueix Augment o disminuciò poc rellevants
Evolution 2005-2007 Comparació del nombre de vianants 2005-2007 (en xifres absolutes) 3250 3000 2750 2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 L augment entre 2005 i 2007 ha estat en conjunt d un 10%, un increment notable tenint en compte que les mesures de 2007 s han efecuat a final d hivern i les de 2005 corresponien a l estiu 2005 2007
Evolution 2005-2007 20 19 11 16 4 17 12 8 5 1 18 9 15 7 2 13 10 6 14 3 Comparació dels nombres absoluts de bicicletes 2005 - punt 2005 2007 augmenta/di sminueix 1 39 58 67.95% 2 17 42 154.55% 3 18 21 16.67% 4 63 66 52.33% 5 24 42 18.33% 6 16 17 6.25% 7 29 27-6.90% 8 57 57 0% 9 41 72 75.61% 10 34 30-11.76% 11 41 70 72.84% 12 55 103 86.36% 13 29 28 1.82% 14 22 21-2.33% 15 23 28 19.15% 16 53 49-9.35% 17 35 41 15.49% 18 33 25-25.37% 19 2 23 1050.00% 20 3 22 21.70% Augmenta el nombre de bicicleta Disminueix el nombre de bicicleta augmenta disminueix Augment o disminuciò poc rellevants
Evolution 2005-2007 Comparació del nombre de bicicletes 2005-2007 (en xifres absolutes) 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 L augment entre 2005 i 2007 ha estat en conjunt d un 32%, un increment notable tenint en compte que les mesures de 2007 s han efecuat a final d hivern i les de 2005 corresponien a l estiu 2005 2007
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