Nursery Crops: Diseases

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-1 Nursery Crops: Diseases Chuan Hong, Extension Plant Pathologist, Hampton Roads AREC The most cost-effective way to managing nursery crop diseases is a systems approach. This approach includes three major components. The first and most important component is to prevent pathogens from entering a production facility or production system by using new containers, fresh potting mixes and healthy plant materials including liners and plugs, and irrigating with decontaminated water. It is advisable to to use locally propagated plant materials whenever possible. When bringing in plant materials from another nursery is absolutely necessary, buy them from an accredited nursery and place incoming materials in an isolated areas for several weeks to observe whether they are free of high-impact diseases such as boxwood blight and sudden oak death. The second component is to create an environment that is against pathogens while promoting plant growth. This includes fertilizing and irrigating crops as needed and reducing free water on foliage. The third component is to treat the disease with right product in a timely manner when a disease emerges. Fungicides and bactericides play an important part in the prevention of container and field-grown ornamental and flower diseases. They do not take the place of cultural control methods, but should be used to complement them. In some disease situations there are no effective chemicals available. Only chemicals registered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are recommended. Most fungicides on the market protect woody shrubs, ground cover plants, and flowers against diseases. This protection is accomplished by preventing plant pathogens from becoming established. Systemic fungicides are therapeutic and may eradicate pathogens that are already established. Because chemicals are subject to weathering and degradation, they must be reapplied to the soil or container or susceptible parts at regular intervals as long as the danger of plant disease exists. In general, protectants must not be reapplied more frequently than recommended treatment intervals, or applied in excess of recommended rates. In every instance, the manufacturer s label should be read carefully and attention should be directed particularly to the safety measures listed on the label regarding mixing, handling, compatibility with other chemicals, and application methods and rate. It is always essential that the user familiarize himself with the antidote given on the label. In many instances, the addition of a surfactant will improve retention of the chemical. Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Ajuga Sclerotium rot Terraclor (75% WP) 2.0 lb/1,000 sq ft or 2.5 lb/300.0 gal water; quintozene Dust or drench on soil surface before planting and thoroughly work into the top 2 inches of soil. Andromeda (Japanese) (Pieris spp.) Phytophthora dieback Heritage (50%); 1.0-4.0 oz (spray) 0.2-0.9 oz (drench) azoxystrobin Palladium (62.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz cyprodinil and fludioxonil Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Alliete (80% WDG) 1.3-4.0 lb fosetyl-al FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Apply every 1 to 4 weeks. Apply at 7- to 14-da intervals Apply every 7 to 14 days Spray every 7 days. Spray at new leaf emergence or at first sign of diseases and at 7- to 14-day intervals. Spray plants at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals

5-2 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Andromeda Phytophthora dieback (cont.) Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Phytophthora root rot Arborvitae Phomopsis needle twig blight Cercospora blight Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Alliette (80% WDG) 1.0-2.0 lb/1,000 sq ft; fosetyl-al Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Subdue MAXX 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam Terrazole (35% WP) 3.5-10.0 oz etridiazole FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 1.5 lb Heritage (50%) 1.0-4.0 oz azoxystrobin Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 1.5 lb Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench Alliette monthly (2.0 pt/sq ft) over the surface of the potting medium. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Repeat at 3-month intervals. Provide good drainage. After application, irrigate to thoroughly wet soil. Treat soil at 4- to 12-week intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Begin application at bud break and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals throughout the growing season. Apply at 1- to 4-week intervals. Cleary 3336 should be applied when disease first appears and repeat on 10- to 14-day intervals. Shorten interval during humid, rainy weather. Apply every 14 to 28 days as needed

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-3 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Arborvitae Cercospora blight (cont.) Aucuba Phytophthora root rot Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O Rainshield or Dithane WF or Fore Flowable Rainshield NT or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt phosphite Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Subdue MAXX 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam Terrazole (35% WP) 3.5-10.0 oz etridiazole FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals Mancozeb should be applied at 7- to 10-day intervals. Spray every 7 days. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals See Andromeda. Treat soil at 4- to 12-week intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Azalea Cylindrocladium root rot Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Spectro TM (90% WDG) 1.0 to 2.0 lb chlorothalonil and thiophanate-methyl Terraguard 50W triflumizole Torque (38.7%) 4.0 to 10.0 fl oz tebuconazole Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. See Arborvitae. Drench Cleary 3336 on the surface of growing medium to prevent disease development. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals during disease pressure period. Apply every 14 to 21 days Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply every 14 days Soil drenched for propagation beds, 6.0-8.0 oz or established root systems 6.0-12.0 oz. Apply every 14 to 21 days

5-4 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Azalea Cylindrocladium root rot (cont.) Exobasidium leaf and flower gall Rust Botrytis blight (Gray mold) Ovulinia petal blight Phomopsis dieback Phytophthora root and crown rot OHP 26 GT-O 1.0 qt; iprodione Fore Rainshield NT Fore WSP Rainshield Dithane T/O Rainshield NT or Dithane WF 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Broadform 4.0 to 8.0 fl oz fluopyram and trifloxystrobin Compass 2.0-4.0 oz; trifloxystrobin Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb; iprodione Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamide Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Strike (25% WDG) 8.0-16.0 oz triadimefon Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.5 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Ziram (F-4) 3.0-4.0 pt ziram Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0; phosphite Subdue MAXX 0.6-1.2 fl oz mefenoxam Terrazole (35% WP) 3.5-10.0 oz etridiazole Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Dip cuttings for 5 minutes prior to planting. Hand pick infected leaves and remove from plant. Apply mancozeb just before leaves unroll in spring and 10 days later. Spray to run-off when rust first appears. Spray at 7 to 14 day intervals. Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to petals to protect from disease. Continue at 10- to 14-day intervals as long as disease conditions are favorable. Repeat every 7 to 10 days as needed during disease periods. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Apply Strike to all flower buds to point of run-off. Application should be made during the expanded bud stage (color showing). A second application may be needed. Apply Cleary 3336 as flowers open. Repeat every 4 to 6 days as needed during disease periods. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Spray Daconil every 7 days during wet weather. Spray mancozeb or ziram at 7- to 10-day intervals when flowers start to show color. Spray mancozeb or ziram at 7- to 10-day intervals when flowers start to show color. Spray at 7- to 10-day intervals. Prune out all diseased branches. Avoid stress. Spray every 7 days. Thoroughly wet soil after application of Subdue and repeat at 3-month intervals. Treat soil at 4- to 12-week intervals. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-5 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Azalea (cont.) Phytophthora root and crown rot (cont.) Banol (66.5%) 20.0-30.0 fl oz propamocarb hydrochloride FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz; fenamidone Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Treat soil at 3-week to 3-month intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Phytophthora shoot blight Powdery mildew Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Alliette (80% WDG) 2.5-5.0 lb; fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0; phosphite FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz; fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl o mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz; triadimefon Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Cygnus (50%) 1.6-3.2 oz; kresoxim-methyl Banner Maxx 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7-to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. One application every 30 days. Spray every 7 days. Spray plants at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 2- to 3-week intervals.

5-6 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Azalea Rhizoctonia web blight Septoria leaf spot Boxwood (English, American, Korean, Japanese) Phytophthora root rot Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam Medallion (50% WP) 1-2 packets fludioxonil Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil OHP 26 GT-O 1.0-2.5 qt; iprodione Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 phosphite Alliette (80% WDG) 6.4-12.8 oz (drench) sq ft fosetyl-al Subdue MAXX 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Terrazole (35% WP) 3.5-10.0 oz etridiazole Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Avoid crowding the plants. Use a drench spray treatment. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. Apply at 21- to 28-day intervals Only in greenhouses and closed structures at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Spray plants every 7 to 14 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout the growing season. Spray every 7 days. See Azalea. See Azalea. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals See Azalea. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Banol (66.5%) 20.0-30.0 fl oz propamocarb hydrochloride Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Treat soil at 3-week to 3-month intervals.

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-7 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks boxwood blight Daconil weather Stik 2.0 pt chlorothalonil Medallion WDG 2.0-4.0 oz fludioxonil 2.0-4.0 oz Cleary 3336-WP 1.5 lb Dithane 75 DF Rainshield 1.5 lb mancozeb Pageant 12.0-18.0 oz boscalid + pyraclostrobin Torque 10 fl oz tebuconazole Spectro 90WDG 1.5 lb chlorothalonil + Apply and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during prolonged wet periods in spring and fall. Every 14 days, 3 applications maximum Every 14 days Camellia Leaf gall Sclerotinia flower blight Phytophthora root rot Cedar Phomopsis needle and twig blight Cercospora blight See Azalea. Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (62.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz cyprodinil and fludioxonil Terraclor (75% WP) 1 cup in enough water to give thorough coverage of 100 sq ft quintozene See Azalea. Heritage (50%) 1.0-4.0 oz azoxystrobin Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 1.5 lb Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Hand pick infected leaves. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Drench soil surface in late December or early January. Apply every 1 to 4weeks. Begin application at bud break and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals throughout the growing season. Spray at 7- to 10-day intervals, starting when plants are well leafed out or at first sign of disease. Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals Spray at 7- to 10-day intervals, starting when plants are well leafed out or at first sign of disease. Apply every 14 to 28 days as needed

5-8 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Chrysanthemum Rhizoctonia root rot Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz or Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 0.4 lb iprodione Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam Medallion (50% WP) 1 packet fludioxonil Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Apply Cleary 3336-F as a heavy drench or spray. Apply after transplant (1.0-2.0 pt/sq ft). Repeat every 14 days. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. drench to completely wet root zone at 21- to 28-day intervals Apply after transplant (1.0-2.0 pt/sq ft). Repeat every 14 days. Drench to completely wet root zones at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Chrysanthemum Mycosphaerella ray blight Banner Maxx 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb iprodione Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Maneb 80 (80% WP) or Maneb Plus Zinc F4 Fungicide (37% F) 1.0-1.5 lb of 80 or 1.2 qt of F4; maneb Fore WSP Rainshield or Fore Rainshield NT 1.5 lb mancozeb Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Apply on a 14-day schedule. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply first spray of Daconil just before flower color shows and at 7-day intervals. Apply mancozeb at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply at transplant of cuttings. Apply maneb at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply at transplant of cuttings. Apply at first sign of disease and repeat at 10- to 14- day intervals. Apply Cleary 3336 at 7- to 10-day intervals as needed.

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-9 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Botrytis gray mold and Septoria leafspot Leaf rust Chrysanthemum Pythium root rot Broadform 4.0 to 8.0 fl oz fluopyram and trifloxystrobin Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Daconil Weather Stik 2.0 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore WSP Rainshield or Fore Rainshield NT 1.5 lb Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Cygnus (50%) 3.2-6.4 oz Kresoxim-methyl Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Banol (66.5%) 20.0-30.0 fl oz propamocarb hydrochloride Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Spray at 7 to 14 day intervals. Apply at prebloom and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at prebloom and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Apply at first sign of disease and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Spray at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Spray every 7 days. Treat soil at 3-week to 3-month intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Subdue MAXX 0.05-1.0 fl oz mefenoxam Terrazole (35% WP) 4.0-6.0 oz etridiazole Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. See Azaleas Repeat bedding plants at 4- to 8-week intervals. Repeat container plants at 4- to 12-week intervals.

5-10 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Powdery mildew Southern blight (Sclerotium) Crabapple Cedar-apple rust Fire blight Crabapple Powdery mildew Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Rubigan 3.0-5.0 fl oz; fenarimol Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (62.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz cyprodinil and fludioxonil Terraclor (25% WP) 8.0 oz quintozene Banner Maxx 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) or 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt; mancozeb Maneb 80 (80% WP) 1.5 lb maneb Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 1.0 lb Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Alliette (80% WP) 2.5 lb fosetyl-al Agri-Strep 0.5 lb streptomycin sulfate Banner Maxx, 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Terraguard 50W 4.0-8.0 oz triflumizole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray every 10 to 14 days. See manufacturer s directions. Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 7- to 14-da intervals See manufacturer s directions. Three applications every 14 days starting at green tip. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Start as flower buds open and spray 3 times at 10-day intervals. Begin application at 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch green tip and continue on a 7- to 10-day schedule. Begin application at 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch green tip and continue on a 7- to 10-day schedule. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 days. Apply every 7 days. Apply at early, mid, and late flowering. Apply Banner every 14 to 21 days. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply as foliar spray as needed. Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 days.

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-11 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Scab Crape Myrtle Powdery mildew Daffodil Botrytis blight Fusarium and Penicillium bulb rots Dahlia Powdery mildew Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Banner Maxx, 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Daconil Weather Stik 2.0 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.75 lb Fore (80% WP) or Dithane T/O (75% DF) or Dithane WF (4F) or Fore Flowable (4F) or 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Manzate 80 (80 % WP) 1.5 lb; maneb Banner Maxx 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Terraguard 50W 4.0-8.0 oz triflumizole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Banner applied on a 14-day schedule. Begin at green tip. Apply at bud break and at 7-day intervals during wet weather. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals from bud break until two weeks after petal fall. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals from bud break until two weeks after petal fall. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals from bud break until two weeks after petal fall. Apply Banner every 21 days. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray Strike to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Use higher rates under severe conditions. Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 10-14 days. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Soak bulbs for 15 to 30 minutes in a warm dip (80 to 85 F.) Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 to 28 days

5-12 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Dahlia Powdery mildew (cont.) Botrytis blight (Gray mold) Dogwood Rhizoctonia root rot Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Fore Rainshield NT or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb mancozeb Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.75 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 6.5 lb iprodione Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply to protect against disease. Repeat at 10- to 14- day intervals. Apply to protect against disease. Repeat at 10- to 14- day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Use as a drench and apply 1.0-2.0 pts of solution/sq ft. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. drench to completely wet root zone at 21- to 28-day intervals Drench to completely wet root zones at 7- to 14-day intervals Botrytis petal blight Botrysphaeria canker Phytophthora root rot Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt phosphite Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply Chipco 26019 at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply Cleary 3336 at 10- to 14-day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Apply every 7 to 14 days as needed Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Spray every 7 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-13 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Dogwood Phytophthora root rot (cont.) Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Septoria leaf spot Spot anthracnose, Leaf and flower blight Anthracnose (Discula sp.) Powdery mildew Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Subdue MAXX 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb; mancozeb Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fore Rainshield NT or Fore WSP Rainshield or Dithane T/O Rainshield NT or Dithane WF 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt mancozeb Banner Maxx, 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Daconil Weather Stik 2.0 pts. chlorothalonil Maneb 80 (80% WP) or Maneb Plus Zinc F4 Fungicide (37% F) 1.0-1.5 lb or 0.8-1.2 qt maneb Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl ozpropiconazole and chlorothalonil Cygnus (50%) 1.6-3.2 oz kresoxim-methyl Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. See Azalea. Begin at first sign of disease and spray at intervals of 7 to 10 days. Apply at early bloom. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Spray when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply when buds begin to open, when bracts have fallen, 4 weeks later, and again in late summer after flower buds for next season have formed. Apply Banner at 14-day intervals. For spot anthracnose and leaf and flower blight apply when buds begin to open. Repeat when bracts have fallen, 4 weeks later and in the late summer after flower buds have formed. For anthracnose (Discula sp.) apply 3 to 4 sprays during leaf expansion in the spring, at 10- to 14-day intervals. For spot anthracnose, leaf and flower blight apply when buds begin to open. Repeat when bracts have fallen, 4 weeks later and in the late summer after flower buds have formed. For anthracnose (Discula sp.) apply 3 to 4 sprays during leaf expansion in the spring, at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply every 14 days.

5-14 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Dogwood Powdery mildew(cont.) Euonymus Powdery mildew Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Cygnus (50%) 1.6-3.2 oz kresoxim-methyl Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 to 28 days Crown gall Galltrol-A See manufacturer s directions. Purchase healthy plants. Do not replant in beds where infected plants have been removed. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum) Botrytis blight (Gray mold) Forsythia Rhizoctonia Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF, or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Daconil Weather Stik 1.375 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.37 pt chlorothalonil Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 0.4 lb iprodione Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Spray at bud break, then repeat at 14-day intervals. Spray at bud break, then repeat at 14-day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Apply after transplanting (1.0-2.0 pt/sq ft). Repeat after 14 days. Apply as a drench or heavy spray. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed Drench to completely wet root zone at 21- to 28-day intervals Drench to completely wet root zones at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-15 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Forsythia Phytophthora shoot blight Gladiolus Botrytis leaf blight See Azalea shoot blight Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Chipco 26019 at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply Daconil every 7 to 10 days during normal weather, every 2 to 3 days during wet periods. Penicillium and Fusarium corm rots (pre-planting) Curvularia and Leaf spots Stemphyliam Hawthorn Rust and Fabraea leaf spot Holly (Japanese) Root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola, Rhizoctonia) Rhizoctonia web blight (Rhizoctonia solani) Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Maneb 80 (80% WP) or Maneb Plus Zinc F4 Fungicide (37% F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt; maneb Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb; mancozeb Affirm or Veranda-O (11.3%) 0.3 to 0.5 lb polyoxin D zinc salt Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz OHP 26 GT-0 13.0 fl oz Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 to 14 days as needed Submerge clean corms for 15-30 minutes in warm water (80 to 85 F). Stir solution constantly to be sure chemical remains in suspension. Begin when flower spikes are developing. Repeat 2 to 3 times at weekly intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Spray at prebloom with cover sprays at 7- to 10-day intervals as needed. Drench to completely wet root zone at 14- to 28-day intervals as needed Sanitation in propagation. Apply as heavy drench or spray to 800 sq ft of bench area (1.0-2.0 pts/sq ft). Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Drench 1.0 to 2.0 pints of solution per square foot every 14 days. Apply as a heavy drench or spray to 800 sq ft of bench or bed area, (1.0-2.0 pts/sq ft). Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. Apply at 21- to 28-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals

5-16 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Holly (Japanese) Rhizoctonia web blight (Rhizoctonia solani) (cont.) Phytophthora and Pythium root rot Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alliette (80% WDG) 1.0-2.0 lbs/1000 sq ft fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Subdue MAXX 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Spray every 7 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. See Azalea. Apply every 7- to 14 days Hydrangea Botrytis leaf blight Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Fore Rainshield NT Fore WSP Rainshield Dithane T/O Rainshield NT or Dithane WF 1.5 lb; mancozeb Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Apply at 10- to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Spray every 10 to 14 days. Apply when disease first appears, repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-17 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Juniper Phomopsis needle and twig blight Rhizoctonia web blight (Rhizoctonia solani) Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 1.5 lb Fore Rainshield NT Fore WSP Rainshield Dithane T/O Rainshield NT or Dithane WF 1.5 lb mancozeb Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam OHP 26 GT 1.0-2.5 qt; iprodione Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Begin application at bud break and repeat at 7-day intervals through the growing season. Begin application at bud break and repeat at 7-day intervals through the growing season. Apply as a heavy drench or spray to 800 sq ft of bench or bed area, (1.0-2.0 pts/sq ft). Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Avoid crowding plants. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. Apply at 21- to 28-day intervals Spray plants every 7 to 14 days. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Phytophthora and Pythium root rot Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alliette (80% WP) 1.0-2.0 lbs/1000 sq ft; fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Subdue Maxx 1.0-2.0 fl oz; mefenoxam Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. See Azalea. Spray every 7 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. See Azalea.

5-18 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Lilac Powdery mildew Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Liriope Fusarium root and crown rot Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) Cercospora leaf spot Pachysandra Volutella leaf and stem blight Peony Botrytis blight (Gray mold) Alternaria leaf spot and Phytophthora blight Rhizoctonia root and stem rot Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz pyraclostrobin Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Daconil Weather Stik 2.0 pt chlorothalonil Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb mancozeb Fixed Copper (WP) 1.0 lb; copper Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Maneb 80 (80% WP) or Maneb Plus Zinc F4 Fungicide (37% F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt; maneb Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Empress (23.3%) 2.0 to 6.0 fl oz Pyraclostrobin Hurricane (48%) 1.5 oz fludioxonil and mefenoxam OHP 26 GT 1.0-2.5 qt; iprodione Pageant (38%) 12.0 to 18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid Palladium (63.5% WDG) 2.0 to 4.0 oz Cyprodinil and fludioxonil Spray to run-off when mildew first appears. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals Spray at 7-day intervals during wet weather. Spray when buds break in the spring and twice more at 2-week intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 to 28 days as needed Apply first spray in the spring. Make 5 applications at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply Fixed Copper at 7- to 10-day intervals. Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply as a heavy drench or spray to 800 sq ft of bench or bed area, (1.0-2.0 pts/sq ft). Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Avoid crowding plants. Repeat application at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. Apply at 21- to 28-day intervals Spray plants every 7 to 14 days. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-19 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Peony (cont.) Rhizoctonia root and stem rot (cont.) Periwinkle (Vinca minor) Phomopsis stem rot Photinia Powdery mildew Entomosporium leaf spot (Entomosporium maculatum) Pine (White, Japanese, Black) Phytophthora root rot Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oztriticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Banner MAXX 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Strike (25% WDG) 16.0 oz; triadimefon Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb mancozeb Cleary 3336-F 12.0-16.0 fl oz Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alliette (80% WP) 1.0-2.0 lbs/100 sq ft fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.55% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Subdue Maxx 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 days. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 to 28 days Apply in early spring as growth starts and reapply on 14-day schedule until new growth is fully expanded. Spray at 2- to 4-week intervals. Avoid overhead irrigation. Avoid crowding containers. Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. See Azalea. Spray every 7 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Drench 1.0-2.0 pints per square foot at a 28-day interval. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14 day intervals. Constant agitation required. See Azalea.

5-20 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Pyracantha (Firethorn) Fire blight Pyracantha Scab Rhododendron Ovulinia petal blight Phytophthora root rot and wilt Alliette (80% WP) 2.5 lb fosetyl-al Streptomycin agric. compd. 100 ppm streptomycin sulfate Fixed copper 1.0 lb copper Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Daconil Weather Stik 1.4 pt Concorde (54% SST) 1.4 pt chlorothalonil Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore Flowable WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Fixed Copper 1.0 lb; copper Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Same as for Azalea. Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alliette (80% WDG) 2.5-5.0 lb fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Banol (66.5%) 20.0-30.0 fl oz propamocarb hydrochloride Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Begin spray at pre-bloom. Repeat as necessary but do not exceed one application every 7 days until blooming period ends. Spray when 20% of the blossoms are open and repeat 5 to 7 days during bloom period. COMMERCIAL ORNAMENTAL USE ONLY. Apply the first spray at bud break, 10 to 14 days later and at petal fall. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Spray at bud break and repeat twice at 10-day intervals. Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Begin when disease appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Same as for Azalea. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Spray to run-off at monthly intervals. Spray every 7 days. Repeat every 3 weeks to 3 months. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply every 7 to 14 days Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Terrazole (35% WP) 4.0-10.0 oz etridiazole Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. See Azalea. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Subdue Maxx 1.0-2.0 fl oz mefenoxam See Azalea. Rust Same as for Azalea. Same as for Azalea.

Nursery Crops: Diseases 5-21 Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Rhododendron (cont.) Botrytis gray mold Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb; iprodione Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Decree (50 WDG) 0.7-1.5 lb fenhexamid Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid See Azalea. See Azalea. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed Rose Crown gall Black spot Botrytis blight (Gray mold) Galltrol-A Banner EC Maxx, 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Daconil Weather Stik 1.375 pt chlorothalonil Fore Rainshield NT Dithane T/O Rainshield NT Dithane WF or Fore WSP Rainshield 1.5 lb Junction (15% DF) 1.5 lb mancozeb Maneb 80 (80% WP) or Maneb Plus Zinc F4 Fungicide (37% F) 1.5 lb or 1.2 qt; maneb Triact 70 0.5-1.0 gal, neem oil Torque (38.7) 4.0 to 10.0 fl oz tebuzonazole Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Decree 0.7-1.5 lb; fenhexamid Cleary 3336-WP (50% WP) 0.8 lb Fungo 50 AGC 12.0-16.0 oz Chipco 26019 (50% WP) 1.0-2.0 lb Sextant (23.3%) 1.0-2.5 lb iprodione Pageant (38%) 12.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin and boscalid See manufacturer s directions. Purchase healthy rose bushes. Do not injure the roots or crowns of roses. Tank mix with a registered contact fungicide labeled for black spot control. Start applications in the spring as leaves expand. During dry weather, treat at 7- to 10-day intervals for Daconil. Start applications in the spring as leaves expand. During dry weather, treat at 7- to 10-day intervals for Daconil. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 14 days. Apply every 14 to 21 days as needed Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Spray every 7 to 14 days. Apply to buds to protect against disease. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply to buds to protect against disease. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply every 7 t o14 days as needed

5-22 Nursery Crops: Diseases Table 5.1 - Common Diseases and Chemical Control Options (cont.) Plant Disease Fungicide Rate/100 Gal Remarks Rose (cont.) Downy mildew Adorn (39.5%) 1.0-4.0 fl oz fluopicolide Alliette (80% WDG) 2.5 lb fosetyl-al Alude 1.0-2.0 qt Vital 2.0-4.0 pt; phosphite Cygnus (50%) 3.2-6.4 oz kresoxim-methyl Disarm (40.3% SC) 1.0-6.0 fl oz fluoxastrobin FenStop 7.0-14.0 fl oz fenamidone Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals but not more than twice per crop cycle. Apply every 7 to 14 days. Spray every 7 days. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Spray plants at a 28-day interval. Powdery mildew Willow Crown gall Heritage (50%) 2.0-4.0 oz azoxystrobin Micora (23.3%) 8.0 fl oz mandipropamid Orvego (46.2%) 14.0 fl oz ametoctradin and dimethomorph Pageant (38.0% WDG) 4.0-18.0 oz pyraclostrobin Segway (34.5% SC) 2.0-6.0 fl oz cyazoflamid Stature (43.5% SC) 6.0-13.0 fl oz dimethomorph Banner Maxx, 2.0-4.0 fl oz propiconazole Concert II (41.4%) 22.0 to 35.0 fl oz propiconazole and chlorothalonil Cygnus (50%) 1.6-3.2 oz kresoxim-methyl Strike (25% WDG) 2.0-4.0 oz triadimefon Systhane (40% WSP) 4.0 oz myclobutanil Terraguard 50W 4.0-16.0oz triflumizole Trinity (19.2%) 8.0 to 12.0 fl oz triticonazole Tourney (50% WDG) 1.0 to 4.0 oz metconazole Galltrol-A Apply every 1 to 3 weeks. Apply every 7 to 14 days Apply at 10 to 14 day intervals Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply at 14- to 28-day intervals. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Constant agitation required. Thorough coverage is needed for best results. Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals Start applications in the spring as leaves expand. Treat at 10- to 14-day intervals to protect. Spray at 7-day intervals if mildew is present. Start applications in the spring as leaves expand. Treat at 10- to 14-day intervals to protect. Spray at 7-day intervals if mildew is present. Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Apply on a 7- to 14-day interval as needed. Use the high rate on an existing infection. Apply at 7 to 14 day intervals Apply every 14 to 28 days See manufacturer s directions.