Table of Contents Executive Summary... ES-1 ES.1 Introduction... ES-1 ES.2 Project Background... ES-1 ES.3 Purpose and Need... ES-5 ES.4 Alternatives... ES-6 ES.5 Operating Plan... ES-11 ES.6 Cost Analysis... ES-12 ES.7 Summary of Environmental Consequences... ES-14 ES.8 Public Outreach... ES-23 1. Background and Setting... 1-1 1.1. Project Background... 1-1 1.2. Project Setting... 1-4 1.3. Socioeconomic Conditions and Trends... 1-7 1.4. Transportation Trends... 1-11 2. Purpose and Need for Action... 2-1 2.1. Purpose and Need... 2-1 2.2. Goals and Objectives... 2-2 3. Project Alternatives... 3-1 3.1. Introduction 3-1 3.2. No Build Alternative 3-1 3.3. Preferred Alternative 3-2 4. Land Use and Zoning... 4-1 4.1. Chapter Overview... 4-1 4.2. Methodology... 4-3 4.3. Environmental Review... 4-3 4.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 4-18 5. Land Acquisition and Displacement... 5-1 5.1. Chapter Overview... 5-1 5.2. Methodology... 5-14 5.3. Environmental Review... 5-14 5.4. Summary of Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 5-21 6. Consistency with Local Plans... 6-1 6.1. Chapter Overview... 6-1 6.2. Methodology... 6-1 6.3. Environmental Review... 6-2 6.4. Summary of Local Plan Impacts... 6-8 7. Parklands... 7-1 7.1. Chapter Overview... 7-1 7.2. Methodology... 7-2 7.3. Environmental Review... 7-3 7.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 7-18 8. Community Facilities... 8-1 8.1. Chapter Overview... 8-1 8.2. Methodology... 8-2 8.3. Environmental Review... 8-2 8.4. Summary of Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 8-13 Table of Contents TOC-i
9. Parking and Traffic... 9-1 9.1. Chapter Overview... 9-1 9.2. Traffic... 9-2 9.3. Parking... 9-23 9.4. Summary of Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 9-23 10. Transit and Freight Rail... 10-1 10.1. Chapter Overview... 10-1 10.2. Methodology... 10-2 10.3. Environmental Review... 10-2 10.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 10-7 11. Air Quality... 11-1 11.1. Chapter Overview... 11-1 11.2. Methodology... 11-2 11.3. Environmental Review... 11-5 11.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 11-7 12. Noise... 12-1 12.1. Chapter Overview... 12-1 12.2. Methodology... 12-1 12.3. Environmental Review... 12-3 12.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 12-18 13. Vibration... 13-1 13.1. Chapter Overview... 13-1 13.2. Methodology... 13-1 13.3. Environmental Review... 13-2 13.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 13-3 14. Water Quality... 14-1 14.1. Chapter Overview... 14-1 14.2. Methodology... 14-4 14.3. Environmental Review... 14-4 14.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 14-7 15. Wetlands... 15-1 15.1. Chapter Overview... 15-1 15.2. Summary of Findings of the DEIS and the SDEIS... 15-1 15.3. Methodology... 15-8 15.4. Environmental Review... 15-8 15.5. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and the SDEIS... 15-10 16. Floodplains... 16-1 16.1. Chapter Overview... 16-1 16.2. Methodology... 16-2 16.3. Environmental Review... 16-13 16.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and the SDEIS... 16-15 17. Navigable Waterways and Coastal Zones... 17-1 17.1. Chapter Overview... 17-1 17.2. Methodology... 17-1 17.3. Environmental Review... 17-1 17.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 17-2 18. Endangered Species... 18-1 18.1. Chapter Overview... 18-1 18.2. Methodology... 18-12 18.3. Environmental Review... 18-12 18.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and the SDEIS... 18-14 Table of Contents TOC-ii
19. Hazardous Materials... 19-1 19.1. Chapter Overview... 19-1 19.2. Methodology... 19-2 19.3. Environmental Review... 19-2 19.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 19-10 20. Energy... 20-1 20.1. Chapter Overview... 20-1 20.2. Methodology... 20-1 20.3. Environmental Review... 20-1 20.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 20-2 21. Electric and Magnetic Fields... 21-1 20.1. Chapter Overview... 21-1 20.2. Methodology... 21-1 20.3. Environmental Review... 21-1 20.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 21-2 22. Safety and Security... 22-1 22.1. Chapter Overview... 22-1 22.2. Methodology... 22-2 22.3. Environmental Review... 22-3 22.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects of the DEIS and SDEIS... 22-5 23. Historic Properties and Resources... 23-1 23.1. Chapter Overview... 23-1 23.2. Methodology... 23-1 23.3. Environmental Review... 23-16 23.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 23-26 24. Archaeology... 24-1 24.1. Chapter Overview... 24-1 24.2. Methodology... 24-3 24.3. Environmental Review... 24-3 24.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 24-18 25. Section 4(f) Evaluation... 25-1 25.1. Introduction... 25-1 25.2. Methodology... 25-1 25.3. Purpose and Need... 25-2 25.4. Description of the Preferred Alternative... 25-3 25.5. Section 4(f) Properties... 25-5 25.6. Use of Section 4(f) Resources... 25-12 25.7. Next Steps and Coordination... 25-19 26. Environmental Justice... 26-1 26.1. Chapter Overview... 26-1 26.2. Methodology... 26-1 26.3. Environmental Review... 26-2 26.4. Environmental Justice Outreach Plan... 26-9 26.5. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 26-9 27. Construction Impacts... 27-1 27.1. Chapter Overview... 27-1 27.2. Methodology... 27-4 27.3. Environmental Review... 27-5 27.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Impacts... 27-12 Table of Contents TOC-iii
28. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change... 28-1 28.1. Chapter Overview... 28-1 28.2. Methodology... 28-1 28.3. Environmental Review... 28-2 28.4. Summary of Potential Environmental Effects... 28-4 29. Indirect Impacts and Cumulative Effects... 29-1 30. Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Resources... 30-1 31. Adverse Impacts Which Cannot be Avoided... 31-1 32. Public Outreach... 32-1 32.1. Introduction... 32-1 32.2. Public Outreach Activities Conducted Subsequent to the Publication of the DEIS... 32-3 32.3. Next Steps... 32-4 33. Distribution List... 33-1 34. List of Preparers... 34-1 35. Glossary/List of Abbreviations... 35-1 36. References... 36-1 37. Technical Reports, Supporting Documentation, and Related Studies... 37-1 Supplemental Technical Appendices Appendix A: Track Chart Appendix B: Site Plans of Project Elements Appendix C: Agency Correspondence Appendix D: Local Tax Base Appendix E: Traffic Appendix F: Noise and Vibration Appendix K: Draft Programmatic Agreement Appendix L: Resolutions of Support Appendix M: Ridership There were no revisions necessary to Appendices G through J. Some pages in the Appendices do not apply as this is a supplemental document. Table of Contents TOC-iv
Table of Figures Executive Summary Figure ES-1: Northern Branch Corridor Map... ES-4 1. Background and Setting Figure 1-1: Project Corridor... 1-2 Figure 1-2: Major Regional Roads... 1-5 Figure 1-3: Northern Branch Corridor Study Area... 1-6 2. Purpose and Need for Action 3. Project Alternatives Figure 3-1: Northern Branch Study Area... 3-3 Figure 3-2: West Side Avenue... 3-4 Figure 3-3: 91st Street Station... 3-5 Figure 3-4: Ridgefield Station... 3-6 Figure 3-5: Palisades Park Station... 3-7 Figure 3-6: Leonia Station... 3-8 Figure 3-7: Englewood Route 4 Station... 3-9 Figure 3-8: Englewood Town Center Station... 3-10 Figure 3-9: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Station... 3-11 4. Land Use and Zoning Figure 4-1: Study Area Land Use... 4-5 Figure 4-2: North Bergen Land Use... 4-6 Figure 4-3: North Bergen Zoning... 4-7 Figure 4-4: Ridgefield Land Use... 4-8 Figure 4-5: Ridgefield Zoning... 4-9 Figure 4-6: Palisades Park Land Use... 4-10 Figure 4-7: Palisades Park Zoning... 4-11 Figure 4-8: Leonia Land Use... 4-12 Figure 4-9: Leonia Zoning... 4-13 Figure 4-10: Englewood Land Use... 4-14 Figure 4-11: Englewood Zoning... 4-15 5. Land Acquisition and Displacement Figure 5-1: Viaduct over the CSX North Bergen Yard Land Acquisition... 5-4 Figure 5-2: 69 th Street Substation Land Acquisition... 5-5 Figure 5-3: 85 th Street Extension & 85 th Street Viaduct Land Acquisition... 5-6 Figure 5-4: 91 st Street Station Land Acquisition... 5-7 Figure 5-5: Ridgefield Station Land Acquisition... 5-8 Figure 5-6: Palisades Park Station Land Acquisition... 5-9 Figure 5-7: Leonia Station Land Acquisition... 5-10 Figure 5-8: Englewood Route 4 Station Land Acquisition... 5-11 Figure 5-9: Englewood Town Center Station Land Acquisition... 5-12 Figure 5-10: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Station Land Acquisition... 5-13 6. Consistency with Local Plans Table of Figures TOF-i
7. Parklands Figure 7-1: Parks and Open Space: North Bergen 7-5 Figure 7-2: Parks and Open Space: Ridgefield and Fairview... 7-6 Figure 7-3: Parks and Open Space: Palisades Park... 7-7 Figure 7-4: Parks and Open Space: Leonia... 7-8 Figure 7-5: Parks and Open Space: Englewood... 7-9 Figure 7-6: Parks and Open Space: North Bergen Municipal Pool Facility... 7-12 Figure 7-7: Parks and Open Space: Overpeck County Park... 7-14 Figure 7-8: Parks and Open Space: Depot Square Park... 7-17 8. Community Facilities Figure 8-1: Regional Community Facilities... 8-3 Figure 8-2: North Bergen Community Facilities... 8-4 Figure 8-3: Fairview and Ridgefield Community Facilities... 8-5 Figure 8-4: Palisades Park Community Facilities... 8-6 Figure 8-5: Leonia Community Facilities... 8-7 Figure 8-6: Englewood Community Facilities... 8-8 9. Parking and Traffic Figure 9-1: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-27 Figure 9-2: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-28 Figure 9-3: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-29 Figure 9-4: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-30 Figure 9-5: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-31 Figure 9-6: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-32 Figure 9-7: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-33 Figure 9-8: North Bergen - 91st Street Station Area Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-34 Figure 9-9: Ridgefield Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions... 9-35 Figure 9-10: Ridgefield Station Area Build Conditions... 9-36 Figure 9-11: Palisades Park Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 3)... 9-37 Figure 9-12: Palisades Park Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 3)... 9-38 Figure 9-13: Palisades Park Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (3 of 3)... 9-39 Figure 9-14: Palisades Park Station Area Build Conditions (1 of 3)... 9-40 Figure 9-15: Palisades Park Station Area Build Conditions (2 of 3)... 9-41 Figure 9-16: Palisades Park Station Area Build Conditions (3 of 3)... 9-42 Figure 9-17: Leonia Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-43 Figure 9-18: Leonia Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-44 Figure 9-19: Leonia Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-45 Figure 9-20: Leonia Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-46 Figure 9-21: Leonia Station Area Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-47 Figure 9-22: Leonia Station Area Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-48 Figure 9-23: Leonia Station Area Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-49 Figure 9-24: Leonia Station Area Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-50 Figure 9-25: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 5)... 9-51 Figure 9-26: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 5)... 9-52 Figure 9-27: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Existing Conditions (3 of 5)... 9-53 Figure 9-28: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (4 of 5)... 9-54 Figure 9-29: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (5 of 5)... 9-55 Figure 9-30: Englewood Route 4 Station Area No Build Conditions... 9-56 Figure 9-31: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Build Conditions (1 of 5)... 9-57 Figure 9-32: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Build Conditions (2 of 5)... 9-58 Figure 9-33: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Build Conditions (3 of 5)... 9-59 Table of Figures TOF-ii
Figure 9-34: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Build Conditions (4 of 5)... 9-60 Figure 9-35: Englewood Route 4 Station Area Build Conditions (5 of 5)... 9-61 Figure 9-36: Englewood Town Center Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 3)... 9-62 Figure 9-37: Englewood Town Center Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 3)... 9-63 Figure 9-38: Englewood Town Center Station Area Existing / No Build Conditions (3 of 3)... 9-64 Figure 9-39: Englewood Town Center Station Area Build Conditions (1 of 3)... 9-65 Figure 9-40: Englewood Town Center Station Area Build Conditions (2 of 3)... 9-66 Figure 9-41: Englewood Town Center Station Area Build Conditions (3 of 3)... 9-67 Figure 9-42: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Existing / No Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-68 Figure 9-43: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Existing / No Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-69 Figure 9-44: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Existing / No Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-70 Figure 9-45: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Existing / No Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-71 Figure 9-46: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Build Conditions (1 of 4)... 9-72 Figure 9-47: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Build Conditions (2 of 4)... 9-73 Figure 9-48: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Build Conditions (3 of 4)... 9-74 Figure 9-49: Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Build Conditions (4 of 4)... 9-75 10. Transit and Freight Rail 11. Air Quality 12. Noise Figure 12-1: Noise Impacts - North Bergen (south)... 12-5 Figure 12-2: Noise Impacts - North Bergen, Fairview, and Ridgefield... 12-6 Figure 12-3: Noise Impacts - Ridgefield and Palisades Park... 12-7 Figure 12-4: Noise Impacts - Palisades Park and Leonia... 12-8 Figure 12-5: Noise Impacts - Englewood (south)... 12-9 Figure 12-6: Noise Impacts - Englewood and Tenafly (south)... 12-10 Figure 12-7: Noise Impacts - Tenafly and Cresskill... 12-11 Figure 12-8: Noise Impacts - Cresskill and Demarest... 12-12 Figure 12-9: Noise Impacts - Closter and Norwood... 12-13 Figure 12-10: Noise Impacts - Norwood and Northvale... 12-14 13. Vibration 14. Water Quality Figure 14-1: Study Area Waterways... 14-3 15. Wetlands Figure 15-1: Wetlands Overview... 15-3 Figure 15-2: 91 st Street Station Wetlands... 15-4 Figure 15-3: Ridgefield Station Wetlands... 15-5 Figure 15-4: Leonia Station Wetlands... 15-6 Figure 15-5: Englewood Route 4 Station Wetlands... 15-7 16. Floodplains Figure 16-1: Floodplains Overview... 16-4 Figure 16-2: Floodplains West Side Avenue... 16-5 Figure 16-3: Floodplains 91st Street Station... 16-6 Table of Figures TOF-iii
Figure 16-4: Floodplains Ridgefield Station... 16-7 Figure 16-5: Floodplains Palisades Park Station... 16-8 Figure 16-6: Floodplains Leonia Station... 16-9 Figure 16-7: Floodplains Englewood Route 4 Station... 16-10 Figure 16-8: Floodplains Englewood Town Center Station... 16-11 Figure 16-9: Floodplains Englewood Hospital & Medical Center Station... 16-12 17. Navigable Waterways and Coastal Zones 18. Endangered Species Figure 18-1: Endangered Species Overview... 18-3 Figure 18-2: Endangered Species West Side Avenue... 18-4 Figure 18-3: Endangered Species 91 st Street Station... 18-5 Figure 18-4: Endangered Species Ridgefield Station... 18-6 Figure 18-5: Endangered Species Palisades Park Station... 18-7 Figure 18-6: Endangered Species Leonia Station... 18-8 Figure 18-7: Endangered Species Englewood Route 4 Station... 18-9 Figure 18-8: Endangered Species Englewood Town Center Station... 18-10 Figure 18-9: Endangered Species Englewood Hospital Station... 18-11 19. Hazardous Materials Figure 19-1: North Bergen & 91 st Street Station Hazardous Materials Sites... 19-3 Figure 19-2: Ridgefield Station Hazardous Materials Sites... 19-4 Figure 19-3: Palisades Park Station Hazardous Materials Sites... 19-5 Figure 19-4: Leonia Station Hazardous Materials Sites... 19-6 Figure 19-5: Englewood Stations Hazardous Materials Sites... 19-7 20. Energy 21. Electric and Magnetic Fields 22. Safety and Security 23. Historic Properties and Resources Figure 23-1: Historic Resources West Side Avenue... 23-5 Figure 23-2: Historic Resources 91 st Street Station... 23-6 Figure 23-3: Historic Resources Ridgefield Station... 23-7 Figure 23-4: Historic Resources Palisades Park Station... 23-8 Figure 23-5: Historic Resources Leonia Station... 23-9 Figure 23-6: Historic Resources Englewood Route 4 Station... 23-10 Figure 23-7: Historic Resources Englewood Town Center Station... 23-11 Figure 23-8: Historic Resources Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Station... 23-12 Figure 23-9: Photo Simulation of the 85 th Street Viaduct Looking West from 83 rd Street... 23-13 Figure 23-10: Photo Simulation of the 85th Street Viaduct Looking West from 88 th Street... 23-14 24. Archaeology Figure 24-1: Archaeology Freight Yard Flyover... 24-7 Figure 24-2: Archaeology 69 th Street Substation... 24-8 Table of Figures TOF-iv
Figure 24-3: Archaeology 91 st Street Station... 24-9 Figure 24-4: Archaeology North Bergen, Fairview, and Ridgefield... 24-10 Figure 24-5: Archaeology Ridgefield Station... 24-11 Figure 24-6: Archaeology Palisades Park Station... 24-12 Figure 24-7: Archaeology Leonia Station... 24-13 Figure 24-8: Archaeology Englewood Route 4 Station... 24-14 Figure 24-9: Archaeology Englewood Town Center Station... 24-15 Figure 24-10: Archaeology Englewood Hospital and Medical Center Station... 24-16 25. Section 4(f) Evaluation Figure 25-1: 4F Review:North Bergen Township... 25-6 Figure 25-2: 4F Review Ridgefield & Fairview... 25-7 Figure 25-3: 4F Review Palisades Park Borough... 25-8 Figure 25-4: 4F Review Leonia Borough... 25-9 Figure 25-5: 4F Review Englewood... 25-10 Figure 25-6: 4F Review North Bergen Municipal Pool Facility... 25-14 Figure 25-7: 4F Review Overpeck County Park... 25-17 Figure 25-8: 4F Review Depot Square... 25-18 26. Environmental Justice Figure 26-1: Northern Branch Minority Populations... 26-3 Figure 26-2: Northern Branch Low-Income Populations... 26-4 27. Construction Impacts 28. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change 29. Indirect Impacts and Cumulative Effects 30. Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Resources 31. Adverse Impacts Which Cannot be Avoided 32. Public Outreach 33. Distribution List 34. List of Preparers 35. Glosary/List of Abbreviations 36. References 37. Technical Reports, Supporting Documentation and Related Studies Table of Figures TOF-v
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Index of Tables Executive Summary Table ES-1: Project Element Summary... ES-8 Table ES-2: Parking Demand and Spaces to be Provided by the Preferred Alternative, 2030... ES-9 Table ES-3: Northern Branch Corridor Light Rail Travel Times (Minutes)... ES-11 Table ES-4: Projected Northern Branch Daily Passengers and Trips... ES-12 Table ES-5: Capital Costs... ES-13 Table ES-6: Annual Costs and Revenue... ES-13 Table ES-7: Summary of Environmental Consequences... ES-15 1. Background and Setting Table 1-1: Service Market Area Population, Years 2010-2030... 1-7 Table 1-2: Employment, Years 2010-2030... 1-8 Table 1-3: Journey to Work, Year 2010... 1-9 Table 1-4: Means of Travel to Work, Years 2000-2013... 1-10 Table 1-5: Travel Time to Work, Years 2000-2013... 1-10 Table 1-6: Time Leaving to Go to Work, Years 2000-2013... 1-11 2. Purpose and Need for Action 3. Project Alternatives Table 3-1: Project Element Summary... 3-2 Table 3-2: Physical Alignment Improvements... 3-15 Table 3-3: Northern Branch Corridor Light Rail Travel Times (Minutes)... 3-19 Table 3-4: Projected Northern Branch Daily Passengers and Trips... 3-19 Table 3-5: Capital Costs by Alternative (costs in 2014 dollars, in millions)... 3-20 Table 3-6: Annual Costs and Revenue (costs in 2014 dollars, in millions)... 3-21 4. Land Use and Zoning 5. Land Acquisition and Displacement Table 5-1: Summary of Land Acquisition Requirements by Municipality... 5-2 Table 5-2: Land Acquisition for Development of Preferred Alternative... 5-18 Table 5-3: Summary of Acquisition for the Preferred Alternative... 5-21 6. Consistency with Local Plans Table 6-1: Summary of Compliance with Local Plans... 6-8 7. Parklands Table 7-1: Parkland, Open Space, and Recreational Resources... 7-3 Table 7-2: Parkland Affected by the SDEIS Preferred Alternative... 7-20 8. Community Facilities Table 8-1: Summary of Regional Facilities... 8-9 Table 8-2: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation by Municipality... 8-14 Index of Tables IOT-i
9. Parking and Traffic Table 9-1: Project Peak Hour Vehicle Trip Generation... 9-3 Table 9-2: Intersections Included in Detailed Analysis... 9-4 Table 9-3: Level of Service Summary for North Bergen 91 st Street Station Intersections... 9-6 Table 9-4: Level of Service Summary for Ridgefield Station Intersections... 9-9 Table 9-5: Level of Service Summary for Palisades Park Station Area Intersections... 9-11 Table 9-6: Level of Service Summary for Leonia... 9-13 Table 9-7: Level of Service Summary for Englewood... 9-17 Table 9-8: Parking Demand and Spaces to be Provided by the Preferred Alternative, 2030... 9-23 Table 9-9: Reduction in On-Street Parking Spaces... 9-23 Table 9-10: Level of Service Summary... 9-24 Table 9-11: Summary of Roadway Infrastructure and Traffic Signal Control Improvements... 9-26 10. Transit and Freight Rail Table 10-1: Existing Bus Routes and Frequencies... 10-3 11. Air Quality Table 11-1: National Ambient Air Quality Standards... 11-.2 Table 11-2: Pollutant Monitoring Data... 11-6 Table 11-3: Predicted CO Concentrations at Intersections and Parking Deck... 11-6 Table 11-4: Comparison of Net Effects on Regional Emissions (tons/year)... 11-7 12. Noise Table 12-1: Noise Impacts for Palisades Park... 12-4 Table 12-2: Noise Impacts for Leonia... 12-15 Table 12-3: Noise Impacts for Englewood... 12-16 Table 12-4: Noise Impacts for Areas North of Englewood... 12-16 Table 12-5: Total Number of Impacts to Residences by Type of Noise Source... 12-18 Table 12-6: Grade Crossings Recommended to be Designated as Quiet Zones... 12-19 13. Vibration Table 13-1: Vibration Levels of Buildings Impacted by the Preferred Alternative... 13-1 Table 13-2: Ground-Borne Vibration and Noise Impact Criteria... 13-2 Table 13-3: FTA Vibration Mitigation Measures... 13-2 Table 13-4: Vibration Levels of Buildings in Englewood Impacted by the Preferred Alternative... 13-3 14. Water Quality Table 14-1: Waterbody Crossings... 14-2 Table 14-2: Proposed Modifications to Waterbody Crossings for Rail Right-of-Way... 14-6 Table 14-3: Summary of Potential Effect on Water Quality for Project Elements... 14-8 15. Wetlands Table 15-1: Potential Wetland Acreage Impacts within Study Area... 15-2 16. Floodplains Table 16-1: Proximity of Alignment/Stations/VBF to Floodplains... 16-2 Table 16-2: Summary of Potential 100-year Floodplain Impacts... 16-15 17. Navigable Waterways and Coastal Zones Table 17-1: Bridges Over Navigable Waters Proposed for Modification... 17-2 Index of Tables IOT-ii
18. Endangered Species Table 18-1: Threatened and Endangered Species Potentially Located within the Study Area... 18-2 19. Hazardous Materials Table 19-1: Summary of Potential Hazardous Materials Impacts of DEIS and SDEIS... 19-10 20. Energy Table 20-1: Comparison of Alternatives (BTU in billions)... 20-3 21. Electric and Magnetic Fields 22. Safety and Security Table 22-1: Northern Branch Grade Crossing Locations... 22-5 Table 22-2: Northern Branch Grade Crossing Locations North of Englewood... 22-6 23. Historic Properties and Resources Table 23-1: Historic Resources Within the Areas of Potential Effect... 23-3 Table 23-2: Summary of Potential Effects... 23-27 24. Archaeology Table 24-1: Archaeological Sensitivity for the Preferred Alternative... 24-4 Table 24-2: Archaeological Assessment of Project Elements for the Preferred Alternative... 24-19 25. Section 4(f) Evaluation Table 25-1: Section 4(f) Resources Parkland and Historic Resources by Municipality... 25-11 26. Environmental Justice Table 26-1: Study Area Population Characteristics (Percent of Total Population)... 26-5 Table 26-2: Study Area Economic Characteristics... 26-7 Table 26-3: Study Area Affordable Housing Characteristics... 26-8 Table 26-4 Summary of Impacts Related to Environmental Justice for the Preferred Alternative.. 26-10 27. Construction Impacts Table 27-1: Summary of Construction Impacts... 27-12 28. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change Table 28-1: Preferred Alternative Annual Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Operations... 28-3 Table 28-2: Preferred Alternative Annual Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Construction... 28-4 29. Indirect Impacts and Cumulative Effects Table 29-1: Summary of Indirect Impacts and Cumulative Impacts... 29-1 30. Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Resources 31. Adverse Impacts Which Cannot be Avoided 32. Public Outreach Index of Tables IOT-iii
33. Distribution List 34. List of Preparers 35. Glosary/List of Abbreviations 36. References 37. Technical Reports, Supporting Documentation and Related Studies Index of Tables IOT-iv