INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8995 CIE S 008/E Second edition 2002-05-15 Lighting of indoor work places Dit document mag slechts op een stand-alone PC worden geinstalleerd. Gebruik op een netwerk is alleen. toestaan als een aanvullende licentieovereenkomst voor netwerkgebruik met NEN is afgesloten. This document may only be used on a stand-alone PC. Use in a network is only permitted when a supplementary license agreement for us in a network with NEN has been concluded. Éclairage intérieur pour des lieux de travail Reference number ISO 8995:2002(E) ISO 2002
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Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standard ISO 8995 was prepared as Standard CIE S 008/E by the International Commission on Illumination, which has been recognized by the ISO Council as an international standardizing body. It was adopted by ISO under a special procedure which requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote, and is published as a joint ISO/CIE edition. The International Commission on Illumination (abbreviated as CIE from its French title) is an organization devoted to international cooperation and exchange of information among its member countries on all matters relating to the science and art of lighting. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 8995 was prepared jointly by CIE TC 3-21 and ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8995:1989), of which it constitutes a technical revision. ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii
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Standard Lighting of Indoor Work Places Eclairage intérieur pour des lieux de travail Beleuchtung von Arbeitsplätzen in Innenräumen CIE Standards are copyrighted and shall not be reproduced in any form, entirely or partly, without the explicit agreement of the CIE. CIE Central Bureau, Vienna S 008/E Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria UDC: 628.972 Descriptor: Interior lighting ISO 2002 All rights reserved v
CIE 2001 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from CIE Central Bureau at the address below. CIE Central Bureau Kegelgasse 27 A-1030 Vienna Austria Tel.: +43 1 714 3187 0 Fax: +43 1 713 0838 18 e-mail: ciecb@ping.at Web: www.cie.co.at/cie II vi CIE, 2001 - All rights reserved ISO 2002 All rights reserved
Foreword Standards produced by the Commission Internationale de l Éclairage (CIE) are a concise documentation of data defining aspects of light and lighting, for which international harmony requires such unique definition. CIE Standards are therefore a primary source of internationally accepted and agreed data, which can be taken, essentially unaltered, into universal standard systems. This International Standard was prepared jointly by CIE-TC 3-21 and ISO/TC 159/SC 5. It replaces publication CIE 29.2-1986 and deals with Lighting Requirements for Indoor Work Places. Table of contents FOREWORD... III INTRODUCTION... 1 1. SCOPE... 1 2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES... 1 3. DEFINITIONS... 2 4. LIGHTING DESIGN CRITERIA... 2 4.1 Luminous environment... 2 4.2 Luminance distribution... 3 4.3 Illuminance... 3 4.3.1 Recommended illuminances at the task area... 3 4.3.2 Scale of illuminance....4 4.3.3 Illuminances of immediate surroundings... 4 4.3.4 Uniformity... 4 4.4 Glare... 5 4.4.1 Shielding against glare... 5 4.4.2 Discomfort glare... 5 4.4.3 Veiling reflections and reflected glare... 6 4.5 Directionality... 6 4.5.1 Modelling... 6 4.5.2 Directional lighting of visual tasks... 6 4.6 Colour aspects... 6 4.6.1 Colour appearance... 7 4.6.2 Colour rendering... 7 4.7 Daylight... 7 4.8 Maintenance... 8 4.9 Energy considerations... 8 4.10 Lighting of workstations with visual display terminals VDT... 8 4.11 Flicker and stroboscopic effect... 8 4.12 Emergency lighting... 9 5. SCHEDULE OF LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS... 9 6. VERIFICATION PROCEDURES... 17 6.1 Illuminance...17 6.2 Unified glare rating... 17 6.3 Colour rendering index (R a )... 17 6.4 Colour appearance (T cp )... 17 6.5 Maintenance... 17 6.6 Luminaire luminance... 17 6.7 Tolerances in measurements... 18 CIE, 2001 CIE, 2001 - All rights reserved III ISO 2002 All rights reserved vii
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LIGHTING OF INDOOR WORK PLACES ISO 8995:2002(E) Introduction Good lighting will create a visual environment that enables people to see, to move about safely and to perform visual tasks efficiently, accurately and safely without causing undue visual fatigue and discomfort. The illumination may be daylight, electric light or combination of both. Good lighting requires equal attention to the quantity and quality of the lighting. While the provision of sufficient illuminance on the task is necessary, in many instances the visibility depends on the way in which the light is delivered, the colour characteristics of the light source and surfaces together with the level of glare from the system. In this standard opportunity was taken to specify for various work places and task types not just the illuminance but also the limiting discomfort glare and minimum colour rendering index of the source. Parameters to create comfortable visual conditions are proposed in the body of this standard. The recommended values are considered to represent a reasonable balance, having regard to the requirements for safe, healthy and efficient work performance. The values can be achieved with practical energy efficient solutions. There are also visual ergonomic parameters such as perceptual ability and the characteristics and attributes of the task, which determine the quality of the operator s visual skills, and hence performance levels. In some cases enhancement of these influencing factors can improve performance without the need to raise illuminance. For example by improving the contrast of the task attributes, enlarging the task by the use of up to date visual aids (glasses) and by the provision of special lighting systems with local directional lighting capability. 1. Scope This standard specifies lighting requirements for indoor work places and for people to perform the visual tasks efficiently, in comfort and safety throughout the whole work period. This standard does not explain how lighting systems or techniques should be designed to optimise solutions for specific work places. These may be found in the relevant CIE guides and reports. 2. Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of CIE, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) maintain registers of currently valid international standards. ISO 3864 Safety colours and safety signs ISO 6309 Fire protection - safety signs ISO 6385 Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems ISO 9241 Parts 6/7/8 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals CIE 13.3-1995 Method of measuring and specifying colour rendering of light sources CIE 16-1970 Daylight CIE 17.4-1987 International lighting vocabulary 4th ed. equivalent to IEC 50(845) CIE 19.2-1981 An analytic model for describing the influence of lighting parameters upon visual performance CIE 40-1978 Calculations for interior lighting - basic method CIE 58-1983 Lighting for sports halls CIE, 2001 - All rights reserved 1 ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1
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