Fertilization, even in Norway Fertilization-mid April Starting amount must be high enough Variation from 3-5 kg pure N/daa on the tree strips Depending on variety and the need for extra power Too much growth we handle by root pruning, not with less nitrogen Nitrogen must be in an 50% ammonium + 50% nitrate fertilizer Weaker trees close to flowering an extra treatment, same amount and more often per season Fertilization-mid April Possible to give in a N+P+K fertilizer but Some varieties need more K; Discovery, Elstar, Summerred and pears Some should get less (Åkerø) after or at a low crop P about 1-2 kg / daa per year, K from 5-15 kg /daa /year Extra K you can do with Kalimagnesia on the tree strips 1
April 8, 2011 full flowering Nitrogen fertilization spring Give 3-4 kg N/daa on the tree strips start - mid April - must come net on the tree strips / within root pruned area Pears often 4-5 kg pure N /daa on the tree strips, Especially after root pruning a bit (20-30%) extra Nitrogen use a 50% ammonium + 50% nitrate fertilizer combination with Phosphate is possible Weak growing trees / varieties close(r) to flowering again a Nitrogen treatment (+ 2 lt. Humifirst / daa) Fertilization in spring preferable separate Kali / Potassium treatment (+Mg) 15-30 kg Patentkali / Kalimagnesia / daa for apples is about 3,7 7,5 kg pure K / daa 30-50 kg Patentkali/ daa for pears is about 7,5 12,5 kg pure K / daa Patentkali gives Kali, Magnesium and sulphates then you can react on the different soils, varieties, growth and the amount of flowerbuds 2
April 8, 2011 full flowering Foliar feeding = top dressing? More Kalium-Plus & Wuxal Microplant (frost) Gives a better leaf development / resistance 2-3 times 0,1 lt. Wuxal Microplant/daa raises copper level anti stressors, gives a push to the growth/ leaf development / condition of trees / flowers Kalium-Plus cheaper than Resistim 0.15 lt. Kalium Plus versus 0.2 lt. Resistim Foliar sprays keeps flowers & pollen vital a longer time Has pollination take place? Thiswe name the X moment Look at POLpro 3
Foliar feeding = necessary! Low uptake due cold soil, low root activity Foliar feeding makes a good pollination-fruit setting much more sure Underestimated effect by too many growers!! Not the total number of flowerbuds makes your crop The quality due feeding and light that makes the crop! Fertilizationfertigation In dryer periods very helpfully Just a bit extra N + water can prevent re-growth Installations must be ready now, Dosatron/ Mixrite or pump injectors, 4
Basic schedule fertigation Start in a low level nitrogen to avoid mistakes 0,1-0.15 gram N/ meter planting distance/day Gives about 0,9-0,13 kg nitrogen/ month /daa or 0,21-0,325 kg nitrogen per week This at a normal basic nitrogen soil treatment Basic schedule fertigation per 1.000 litre stock solution for 0,15 gram N/meter: (this with 1,6 litre water /meter / day) ph soil >6 14 lt. nitric acid 38% = 8,4 lt. nitric acid 62% 5 lt. phosphoric acid 59% 5 kg potassium nitrate 12% N + 38% K (crystallized) 34 kg ammonium sulphate 21% or.. 40 lt. ammonium nitrate 18% (50% nitrate-50% ammonium) April 8 th - 2011 5
Basic schedule fertigation At 1,6 litre per meter per day: EC fertilizers 0,35 Dosatron / Mixrite at 1% Need more than 3,2 litre water per day give one time clean water /day You can go for complete bags/ cans, don t overdo it Adjust EC or Dosatron /Mirite in that case Basic schedule fertigation In the first 4 weeks after flowering you can add Boron in max 0,1 kg /daa/ week Make a list from the tank fillings on the date and the number of kg / ltr. and products This is a medium potassium schedule (N:K20=1:0,3) You can replace/take out potassium nitrate at the start of the season-> flowering till 4-6 weeks after 6
Basic schedule fertigation Soil ph low->go for calcium nitrate, use no sulphates! Maximum EC from water + fertilizers 2,3 ms/cm Second part of the season more focus on potassium You can react on heavy flowering / not much rain on the basic fertilizer in spring Fertilization products Nitrogen; 50% ammonium-50% nitrate product/ Kalkammon N27 Kalksalpeter calcium nitrate 15.5% N Ammonium sulphate 21% N Or N+ P fertilizer (like 23+23/10+0) or N+P+K Fertilization products Potassium; in Kali Magnesia or sulphate Or N+ P fertilizer (like 23+23/10+0) Potassium nitrate crystallized (fertigation+foliar sprays) Potassium nitrate prilled (Multi-K-Mg) Kieserite= Magnesium fertilizer Lime? With or without magnesium->autumn treatments! 7
Foliar fertilization products Urea MAP (mono ammonium phosphate) crystallized MKP/ MPP (mono potassium phosphate) cryst. Potassium nitrate / Kalinitrat crystallized Magnesium sulphate /Bittersalt (good one) Aminosol Rubens Foliar fertilization products Mantrac / Carboman or Manganese nitrate Solubor /Bortrac Zinc sulphate / Zintrac? Wuxal Microplant Kalium Plus / Resistim 8
Foliar fertilization products Final K 2010 results Martin Engelbrekt 1 kg higher firmness Discovery. Junami NL shelf life test January 10 days 18 C - not treated lost 1 kg firmness - treated lost 0,5 kg firmness something to try on Aroma? Other varieties? Quality problems harvest 2011? Foliar fertilization products Calcium chloride Calcium Forte (Calcium Formiate) as calcium source; Has nice side effects and it doesn t cost anything extra Gloeosporium, Monillia and Botrytis 9
- Zinc - Manganese - Magnesium The best results you will get When you feed them well! 10