VdS Guidelines for Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) VdS 3431en VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01)
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VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) Guidelines for Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) CONTENT 0 Preliminary remark... 4 1 General... 4 1.1 Scope... 4 1.2 Validity... 4 2 Normative references... 4 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations... 5 3.1 Terms and definitions... 5 3.2 Abbreviations... 7 4 System functions... 7 5 System components... 7 6 Environmental classification... 8 7 Functional requirements... 8 7.1 Detection... 8 7.2 Operation... 9 7.3 Processing... 11 7.4 Indications... 12 7.5, warning... 13 7.6 Other functions... 14 7.7 Social alarm (C-function)... 14 7.8 Tamper security... 14 7.9 Security of the Interconnections... 14 8 Power supply (PS)... 15 8.1 Types... 15 8.2 Requirements... 15 9 Operational security... 16 10 Functional reliability... 16 11 Environmental requirements... 16 3
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 0 Preliminary remark These guidelines were developed in the framework of the Initiative für aktiven Einbruchschutz Nicht-bei-mir (German Initiative for active protection against intrusion/burglary www.nicht-bei-mir.de) and are based on the VdS-guidelines for class A-Intruder Alarm Systems (IAS). Guidelines for products (system components) of Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) (e.g. detectors, control and indicating equipment - CIE) are described in the Guidelines for Hazard Warning Systems (HWS), System Components, Requirements, VdS 3438. 1 General 1.1 Scope These guidelines contain system requirements for Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) used in residential buildings, apartments and rooms with similar purposes. HWS according to these guidelines are designed for an early warning, especially of persons present to prevent respectively reduce losses which could be caused by intrusion, threat, importunity, fire, escape of gas and water as well as technical defects/faults. HWS can also be used for communication with persons which are present in the object. Depending of the realisation of the system HWS can be designed such that only one type of hazard (e.g. fire or intrusion) can be detected and signalled; also so-called multifunction-systems are possible. Note: If HWS have means for Intruder alarm-functions (IA-functions) and these can be externally set/unset, these parts of the HWS shall be designed zwangsläufig according to the VdS-Guidelines for planning and installation of Intruder Alarm Systems (IAS), VdS 2311. 1.2 Validity These guidelines are valid from 01. Juli 2005. They replace the preliminary edition VdS 3431 : 2004-02 (Draft). Note: This is a translation of the German guidelines; if there are any discrepancies, the German version shall be binding. 2 Normative references These guidelines contain dated and undated references to other publications. The normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the clauses, the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to these guidelines only when announced by a change of these rules. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred will be applied. VdS 2110 Guidelines for intruder alarm systems, protection against environmental influences, requirements and test methods VdS 2311 Guidelines for intruder alarm systems, planning and installation VdS 3438 Guidelines for Hazard Warning Systems (HWS), System Components, Requirements 4
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions In these system requirements the following terms and definitions are used: Alarm receiving and service centre ARSC - (German term Notruf- und Service- Leitstelle NSL ): Physical secured, permanently manned area of a security company where Alarm receiving equipment (ARE) for alarm signals/messages are operated and from where interventions are initiated, controlled and documented. Alarm receiving equipment (ARE): Receiving equipment in alarm transmission systems which receives, acknowledges, processes and indicates signals/messages from alarm systems and transmits control signals to the Alarm transmission equipment (ATE). Alarm receiving equipment (ARE) consist at least of a Receiving centre transceiver (RCT) and an Annunciation equipment (AE). Alert signal: Audible signal, which indicates user of a HWS to a condition/state of a HWS which needs a reaction (e.g. a fault of the mains supply). Charged servicing company: Appointed location, where the signals/messages of an object monitored with the HWS are received, e.g. Alarm receiving and service centre (ARSC), and which checks the signals/messages before forwarding and initiates appropriate measures, e.g. monitors or haunts the object. Communication function (C-Function): Function of a HWS to communicate with persons which are present in the area of the HWS. Exclusive interconnection: Interconnection, in which the responsibility for the interconnections lies within one area of competence (e. g. own cable network of a HWS). False alarm: Alarm triggered for reasons other than hazard. Fire alarm (FD-function): Function of a HWS to detect fire and smoke from fires and to signal and to warn. Hazard Warning System (HWS): Electrical installation in an object designed for an early warning, especially of persons present to prevent respectively reduce losses which could be caused by intrusion, threat, importunity, fire, escape of gas and water as well as technical defects/faults. HWS can be also used for communication with persons which are present in the object. Home Automation function (HA-Function): Function of a HWS to detect and signal hazardous home situations or to warn. Internal alarm: Audible alarm signal in the object in case of triggering a HWS-function either for scaring with IA-functions or for warning of present people for FD/HT-functions with the aim of self-rescuing. Internal warning: Audible warning signal in case of triggering a HWS-function serves for the warning of present people with the aim of self-rescuing, where appropriate with voice messaging. Intruder Alarm-function (IA-function): Function of a HWS to detect intrusions and intrusion attempts and to signal and to warn. 5
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) Importunity alarm: For the purpose of these guidelines an alarm, which can be triggered by persons in case of an importunity and/or hassle (e.g. aggressive door-to-door sale). Non-exclusive interconnection: Interconnection, in which the responsibility for the interconnections does not lie within one area of competence, e.g. radio, special BUSstructured systems. Operator: The person responsible for operating the HWS. Presence/Absence: Operation function of a HWS which enables the user to switch certain functions from internal alarm in the case of presence to remote alarm in the case of absence. Primary battery: Galvanic cell, were chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. By this energy conversion the cell will be discharged; a primary battery is not rechargeable. Remote notification device (RND): A Remote Device serves for the remote transmission of signals/messages from Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) to a remote service company (e.g. Alarm receiving and service centre ARSC) or to a private person. RND are able to transmit signals/messages wired (e.g. via the telephone) or wireless (e.g. cellular phone). Remote signalling: Indication of an alarm situation to a remote provider in charge of assistance (e. g. alarm receiving centre (ARC) or to a private person). Secondary battery: (accumulator) Galvanic cell, were chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. By this energy conversion the cell will be discharged; a secondary battery is rechargeable. Setting, external (absence): Connecting through of the IA-function to the external and remote alarm devices. Setting, internal (presence): Connecting through of the IA-function to the internal alarm devices. Threat signal/message: For the purpose of these guidelines a signal/message, which can be triggered by persons in case of threat (e.g. in the case of notice of intrusion noises). This signal/message is assigned to the IA-function. Unsetting, external: Reversing the status in which the IA-function is switched to the remote alarm devices. Unsetting, internal: Reversing the status in which the IA-function is switched to the internal alarm signalling devices. User: A person authorized to operate a Hazard Warning System (HWS). Warning device: Alarm signalling devices which generate visible and/or audible signals. Warning signal: Signal, that a given threshold exceeded or felt below. 6
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) Zwangsläufigkeit : Measure which prevents an IA-function from being set when not all its components are fully functional or which prevents the operator of a set IA-function from accidentally triggering a remote alarm (e.g. by entering the room without first unsetting). Note (only relevant for the German version): Instead of the definitions Ausfallgefährdete Energiequelle and Nicht ausfallgefährdete Energiequelle as used in DIN VDE 0833 these guidelines use the definitions Elektrisches Netz/Netzversorgung and Batterie. 3.2 Abbreviations In these system requirements the following abbreviations are used: ARE Alarm Receiving Equipment ARSC C-Function FD-Function HA-Function HWS IA-Function PS RND Alarm Receiving and Service Centre Communication Function Fire Detection function Home Automation function Hazard Warning System Intruder Alarm function Power Supply Remote Device 4 System functions Hazard Warning Systems (HWS) shall contain, depending on the kind of application, functions for the detection of hazards, like e.g. intrusions/intrusion attempts, fires and smoke, water, gas technical faults and conditions (states) (e.g. of technical equipment) as well as means for triggering threat signals/messages. HWS shall be capable to process, indicate and forward signals/messages and shall dispose of functions for the operation, internal warnings and the indications of conditions (states). Further on HWS may be equipped with functions for a Social Alarm System (SAS). 5 System components System components of HWS shall be compatible and selected according to the appropriate environmental classification. They shall be VdS-approved according to the guidelines for system components. System components of other applications may be combined with and/or integrated in HWS, provided the functions required in these guidelines and the performance of the HWS is not adversely influenced. 7
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 6 Environmental classification The environmental classes are classified in accordance with the Guidelines for intruder alarm systems, protection against environmental influences, requirements and test methods, VdS 2110. Because HWS are exposed to different environmental influences depending on their location, system components of HWS are subject to different requirements regarding their environmental behaviour. A distinction is made between the following environmental classes: Environmental class I: Conditions in well-kept and air-conditioned indoor areas These conditions are given e.g. in living and office rooms Environmental class II: Conditions in indoor areas with additional environmental influences, e.g. condensation on windows. These conditions are given in indoor areas which are not airconditioned at all times like e.g. corridors, stairways, storage rooms and bearing chambers. Environmental class III: Conditions outdoors, but weather-protected These conditions are given in areas, complying with open-air conditions, but protected largely against climatic influences, like e.g. sheltered entries, corridors open to outdoor. Environmental class IV: Conditions outdoors, fully exposed to the weather 7 Functional requirements 7.1 Detection 7.1.1 Detection, means for triggering These conditions are given e.g. at façades of buildings, on roofs and if given outdoors unprotected against weather influences. HWS shall, depending of the type, have means for at least one of the following functions. Detection of intrusions/intrusion attempts (Intrusion detection function - IA-function) Detection of fire respectively smoke (Fire Detectionfunction - FD-function) Means for triggering importunity signals/messages (Intruder Alarm-function - IA-function) Detection of water (Home Automation function - HA-function) Detection of gas (Home Automation function - HA-function) Detection of technical faults and conditions/states (e.g. in heating systems, cooling systems) (Home Automation function - HA-function) Means for triggering social alarms (Communication function - C-function) Other events may also be detected provided the functions and performances of HWS as required in these guidelines are not negatively influenced. 8
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.1.2 Tamper detection If the HWS contains IA-functions and tampering is possible via system components outside of the protected premises, detection of tamper shall be possible. 7.1.3 Recognition of faults The HWS shall have means of functions to be able to detect Faults of the Power Supply, Interruption of the interconnections for signals/messages and Fault of remote signalling (if given). 7.2 Operation HWS shall be designed such that operation is easy and the possibility of an operator generating a false alarm is minimized. Access to the operation functions shall only be possible for the user. 7.2.3 Setting/unsetting of IA-functions 7.2.3.1 Setting External setting shall be achieved by an authorised action of an authorized user from the outside of the surveilled area only. And the HWS shall only change to an external set state when no prevention of setting is provided. If external setting has been effected this state shall be indicated to the user, e.g. by a time-limited indicator. Simultaneously the access to the surveilled object has to be prevented. The external set state of IA-functions shall not durably be visible at the Ancillary Control Equipment (ACE). Together with setting also other functions of the HWS may be switched on or off (see table 7.05 ). The two functions importunity and threat may be performed independently of the setting/unsetting of the IA-function. 7.2.3.2 Prevention of setting The following condition shall prevent an external setting of the HWS: Intrusion detector not in idle state Detector for threat/importunity alarm not in idle state Tamper condition Fault of Power supply Fault of interconnection for signals/messages Locked state monitoring (if given) Fault of remote notification (if given) The presence of other conditions, e.g. technical signals/messages may also lead to a prevention of external setting. 7.2.3.3 Set state In the external set state of the HWS it shall be assured, that areas surveilled by intrusion detectors cannot be entered ( Zwangsläufigkeit ). 9
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.2.3.4 Unsetting External unsetting shall be achieved by an action of an authorised user for this action from outside of the surveilled area. Together with unsetting also other functions of the HWS maybe switched on or off (see table 7.05 ). 7.2.4 Restoring of signals/messages (e.g. intrusion, fire, tamper) For restoring of signalling conditions there shall be operation functions for the user. Restoring of intrusion and tamper signals/messages shall only be possible in the unset state of the IA-function. 7.2.5 Isolate functions HWS may dispose of disconnecting/isolation functions, e. g. for zones and detectors. The single or group isolation of functions of a HWS shall be possible only by a deliberate action of an authorised user. Functions for the detection of fires/smoke, water, gas and technical fault, which can be isolated, may be equipped with an reminder signal in order to ensure that isolations are not undiscovered for a longer period. Isolated IA-functions shall automatically be re-activated if the IA-function is externally set. 7.2.6 Test functions HWS may dispose of test functions for the user (e.g. for testing of detectors). 7.2.7 Other operation functions HWS may dispose of additional operation functions. However, these shall be designed such that parts of the HWS which comply with the requirements of these guidelines are not negatively influenced. 10
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.3 Processing Processing of signals/messages shall be effected depending of type of the signals/- messages and the respectively state of the HWS. The details are shown in tables 7.01 to 7.04. Signals/messages shall be processed, indicated and notified within 10 s. Event (triggering input) Intrusion signal/message Threat signal/message Threat signal/message Unset Indication only Indication and triggering of outputs Triggering of outputs Reaction depending of the state of the system Internal set (if given) Indication and triggering of outputs Indication and triggering of outputs Triggering of outputs External set Triggering of outputs Triggering of outputs Triggering of outputs Tamper Indication only Indication only Triggering of outputs Table 7.01: Reactions for IA-functions Event (triggering input) Signal/message smoke from a fire Signal/message gas (flammable) Signal/message gas (carbon monoxide) Signal/message effusing liquid (e.g. water) Reaction depending of the state of the system Presence Indication and triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Indication and triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Indication and triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Indication and triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Absence Indication and triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Table 7.02: Reactions for signalling events of other functions 11
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) Event (triggering input) Fault power supply Fault interconnection for signals/messages 1) Fault alarm transmission Unset Indicator and audible attention signal Indicator and audible attention signal Indicator and audible attention signal Reaction depending of the state of the system Internal set/presence (if given) Indication only Indication only Indication only External set/absence Optional indication Triggering of outputs acc. table 7.05 Optional indication 1) Wired: Interruption; Wireless/radio: no communication effected Table 7.03: Reactions for faults Isolation function IA-function detector/zone Unset Reaction depending of the state of the system Internal set/ Presence External set/ Absence Indication only Indication only Preventing of setting 1) 1) Optionally a detector or a zone may be isolated only for one external setting. Table 7.04: Reactions for isolation 7.4 Indications 7.4.1 General All types of signals/messages and faults processed in HWS shall be indicated at least visibly, and if required in table 7.02, also audibly. All indications required with the exception of the indication setting acknowledgement for IA-functions shall be aligned at least at one place such that they can be captured with on view. If indicators are used which are not capable to give all indications simultaneously, it shall be visible that more information is available. 7.4.2 Availability of indications Required visible indications shall either be effected automatically or on request. In IAfunctions indications may be suppressed in the externally set state of the HWS until unsetting. 7.4.3 Restoring of visible indications Restoring of visible indications shall be possible only if the cause of the indication is no more present. 7.4.4 Restoring of audible indications Audible indications shall be restorable. 12
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.5, warning 7.5.1 General Depending of the function of the HWS and the event for a signal/message different types of signals/messages are required. These may serve for warning of present people (internal warning), for determent (internal alarm) and/or for calling for help (remote alarm). The audio warning of the IA-functions should differ from audio warnings of other HWSfunctions. Table 7.05 contains requirements, which alarms shall be triggered for which signals/messages. Event for a signal/message Internal warning audible signal; 60 db (A) Intrusion Internal alarm audible signal; 85 db (A) Remote alarm - internal set/presence X Op Op 1) - external set /absence Op X X Threat --- X X Threat/Importunity --- X --- Fire X X --- Home automation (low potential of hazard Home automation (high potential of hazard X Op Op Op X Op Communication Op Op Op --- not permitted; X required; Op optional Note: with audible Warning Devices outside of the surveilled object is not permitted. 1) Remote alarm to user only Table 7.05: 7.5.2 Internal warning Audible warning devices for the internal warning shall have a minimum sound level of at least 60 db(a). 7.5.3 Internal alarm The acoustic signal used for external alarm shall have a minimum sound level of 85 db(a). The operation time of audible external warning devices should be time-limited for IA-functions. Note: External alarm with audible Warning Devices outside of the surveilled object are not permitted. 13
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.5.4 Remote alarm Signalling types like e.g. fire, intrusion, shall be signalled in such a way that they are unambiguously on the site of reception. 7.6 Other functions CIE may have other functions, e.g. for energising of lightening systems. 7.7 Social alarm (C-function) It is recommended that following an activation of a social alarm (a C-function) a voice communication shall automatically be set up to the charged servicing company or to a charged person. 7.8 Tamper security 7.8.1 Tamper protection System components of HWS shall have adequate mechanical strength according to their use. In HWS with IA-function all system components with IA-functions located outside of the protected premises (e.g. Ancillary Control Equipment ACE where a manipulation may result in unsetting) shall be protected against interferences from the outside. 7.8.2 Tamper detection Opening of all system components which are outside the protected premises which could lead to a manipulation of the function (e.g. Ancillary Control Equipment ACE) shall be detected and indicated/signalled as tamper. 7.9 Security of the Interconnections 7.9.1 General It is differentiated between exclusive interconnections for which the responsibility lies within the HWS and non-exclusive interconnections to which also third parties have access. Furthermore these interconnections serve for the monitoring of the integrity of the HWS. 7.9.2 General availability of the Interconnections For the transmission of signals/messages and control signals exclusive as well as nonexclusive interconnections may be used. These shall be suitable for the transmission of alarm signals/messages and signals of the HWS. Furthermore they shall be designed such way, that even in the case of a high volume of signals/messages - for HWS with non-exclusive interconnections also other users of the interconnections no signals/messages and information get lost or are altered. 7.9.3 Monitoring of interconnections It shall be detected and signalled if an interconnection is not available for the transmission of signals/messages of the IAS > 30 s. For non-exclusive interconnections in addition it shall be detected when the interconnection is negatively influenced by third-party signals. 14
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 7.9.4 Integrity of the HWS The completeness of components of the HWS (integrity of the HWS) shall be tested at least every 24 h. In HWS with IA-functions in addition a monitoring of the interconnections on function and of the HWS on completeness of all system components shall be performed at maximum 4 h before each external setting. 8 Power supply (PS) 8.1 Types HWS may be supplied with one of the following types of power supplies: Power supply unit type I (mains supply and automatically rechargeable secondary battery): Fault-jeopardized power source with almost unlimited capacity (e. g. public mains power supply) in connection with a not-fault-jeopardized power source with limited capacity, which is automatically regenerable. Power supply unit type II (mains supply and primary battery or automatically notrechargeable secondary battery): Fault-jeopardized power source with almost unlimited capacity (e. g. public mains power supply) in connection with a not-faultjeopardized power source with limited capacity, which is not automatically regenerable. Power supply unit type III (primary battery or not automatically rechargeable secondary battery): Not-fault-jeopardized power source with limited capacity, which is not automatically regenerable. 8.2 Requirements The Power Supply shall fulfill the following requirements: Type of Power Supply (PS) Duration of the alternative PS Recharge period of secondary battery Minimum supply duration of the battery Type I 12 h 72 h./. Type II 24 h 2)./../. Type III./../. 1 a 1)./. : Not applicable h: Hours a: Years 1) Achievement of the leaving service life 30 days shall be indicated. 2) Leaving bridging time 12 h shall be indicated. Table 8.01: Power Supply 15
VdS 3431en : 2005-07 (01) 9 Operational security Operation functions of HWS shall be designed and system components marked such that it is easy to operate the system and the triggering of false alarms is prevented as far as possible. Only those operating elements shall be accessible to the user, which are necessary for the proper operation of the HWS. 10 Functional reliability System components of HWS shall fulfill the requirements of the relevant product guidelines. Planning and installation shall be performed such that the operation of the HWS is effected according to these requirements and indications of the manufacturer. This is ensured a. o. by: clear rules for planning and installation, clear rules for adjustments and maintenance, professional manufacturing and regular maintenance. 11 Environmental requirements System components of HWS shall fulfill the requirements described in VdS 2110 according to their environmental class. The detailed requirements are defined in the product guidelines. 16