International Malaysia-Indonesia-Thailand SIC, Vol 1 (2017),1-4 Symposium on Innovation and Creativity (imit-sic), Vol 1 (2017) pp 1-4 e-isbn: 978967xxxxxxx FIRE AND GAS DETECTION WITH GSM ALERT Rohaiza Baharudin, Muhammad Nafis Hamdan, Muhammad Azri Asyraf Mohd Hafez, Mohd Hussaini Abbas, Anis Diyana Rosli, Norhazimi Hamzah Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknologi MARA (Pulau Pinang), Malaysia Email: rohaiza684@ppinang.uitm.edu.my 1, hussaini.abas@ppinang.uitm.edu.my 4, anis.diyana@ppinang.uitm.edu.my 5, norhazimi880@ppinang.uitm.edu.my 6 Abstract: Gas leakage and fire that caused severe damage to industries and residential area has been an unsolved issue. Human's life are also in danger due to these incident. Therefore, the gas leakage and fire detection system is crucial to prevent the harm.this project propose a system that detects gas leakage as well as fire with GSM alert to aid immediate action before they spread outrageously. The prototype employs PIC 16F877A microcontroller as a brain of the project and two sensors which are temperature sensor (LM35) to detect fire and gas sensor (MQ5) to detect any gas leakage. GSM Modem is used to send the message to the user in order to inform them that the building is in a danger situation. In addition, the LCD will display current reading from the gas and fire sensor. The prototype also consists of buzzer and light indicator as a warning alarm. The prototype shown that the red LED will lit up, the buzzer will be triggered and message will be sent to the user whenever the gas and temperature sensor reading are more than 2000 ppm or 40 C respectively. These readings are the set points to indicate a dangerous state. Keywords: Fire Detection, Gas Detection, GSM. INTRODUCTION A non-expected release of gas can create a dangerous situation able to harm human or create fire incident. The condition of this gas may be toxic, flammable, volatile and can create explosion. Earlier, the detection systems detect the leaking gas and it will convert the reading into either a LEL (Lower Explosive Level) readout or a concentration readout (ppm parts per million). The physical size of the leak and the gas pressure decide how fast a potentially dangerous concentration is reached. A leak occurring indoors will reach a dangerous level much faster than a leak outdoors. In outdoors installations, the leaking gas will simply dilute or drift away with the wind before it is picked by any gas detector. Fire and gas leakage are the incident that can bring many losses in human life. It also can have caused a massive impact on the building itself. There are many factors for these incidents can be occur such as human negligence, equipment that have been used too old or the equipment that have been used is damaged. The following are the factors towards this incident. The variety of equipment will be scratched and scorched due to the load at jack socket. Next, do not let the wall outlet in the house connected with multi electrical equipment s. This can cause a short circuit and light a fire as well. Furthermore, the cable system that applied in the building are not feasible. Other than that, it is wise action for the user by not using the cable that already been broken. This is because the fibers inside the cable are already broken or faulty. Lastly, the cable is not durable and only can be used in short term due to the cable is frequently roll up. The conventional method for Fire and Gas detection system is without the GSM. Therefore, there are many lacking or disadvantage based on the statement above. For instance, the conventional method using
the range for gas sensor is narrower than this project. It is also don t have a communication medium with the user to inform the unexpected event occurs. To overcome all this problem, this project proposes the fire and gas detection with GSM alert system. This project will aid early detection of fire and gas leakage before its spread wildly. At the same time, it will send the information to the user instantly. With this project, early detection and warning can save human life. For the building, it can be prevented from being heavily damaged, so, it can save money due to the low cost of the building reparation. METHODOLOGY Figure 1. Flow Chart of Fire and Gas Leak Detection with GSM Alert Figure 1 shows the flow chart of Fire and Gas Detection System with GSM alert project. The system will automatically ON when supply is connected to the system. When the system is switched ON, the gas sensor and a temperature sensor automatically in standby mode. The system will detect gas leakage in advanced and followed by detecting the temperature inside the building. If the system detects a gas leak more than 2000ppm in a building, it will send a reading of gas leaks and warns via LCD. After that, the buzzer will trigger the alarm and followed by GSM will send the information towards the user. Next, it followed by detecting an increasing in temperature through temperature sensor. If the temperature sensor detects temperatures above 40 degree Celsius, it will send the reading and warned via the LCD and the alarm will sound. At the same time, GSM will send the info to the user. If the system does not detect
temperature increases, it goes back to the beginning of the process. Similarly, if the system does not detect a gas leak, it will continue to detect an increase in temperature. FINDINGS Figure 2. The System Simulate if the Gas and Temperature Sensor in Warning Condition. Figure 2 shows the system simulate in a warning condition for gas and temperature sensor. In warning condition, the reading of temperature is above than 40 degree Celsius while the reading of gas is above than 2000 ppm. The gas and temperature sensor will detect the value of a gas more than 2000 ppm the value of temperature is more than 40 degree Celsius respectively. After that, the LCD will display the reading of the temperature and the gas at that time and it will indicate a warning condition. At the same time, the red LED (LED-D1 and LED-D4) will turn ON to show the user that the condition is in a warning condition. Then, the speaker will trigger the alarm to alert the emergency, yellow LED (LED- D5) is turn ON to show the speaker is triggered. Figure 3 indicates the combination of temperature sensor and gas sensor and the reading of both sensors been displayed on the LCD. The top picture (a) indicates when both of the sensor senses the reading in the normal condition. The reading being display via the LCD and the green LED will pop up to indicates in normal condition. The bottom picture (b) are indicates the temperature about 41oC and the gas reading is 3935 ppm. This condition is the situation of the warning condition. The reading being display via the LCD and the red LED will light up to indicates the current situation is in warning condition.
Figure 3. The combination of temperature sensor and gas sensor (a) Normal Condition and (b) Warning Condition CONCLUSIONS This project proposes a system that detects gas leakage as well as fires as soon as they start and alerts the authorities automatically. It consists of gas sensor to detect any gas leakage and temperature sensor to detect a dangerous temperature level as soon as it is encountered. The user will acknowledge the incident occur at the specific place instantly by using GSM alert system. So, it can reduce the losses and save human s life if this project is being applied in the building. The Fire and Gas Detection with GSM Alert system was successfully designed, simulate and develop. The simulation shown that the temperature and gas sensor can detect any gas reading more than 2000 ppm or any temperature reading that more than 40 0 C. Then, it will display the warning via the LCD. At the same time, the LED-RED will turn on to indicate the reading of gas or temperature is in danger. Then, it will trigger the alarm via the speaker. Lastly, the PIC16F877A will transmit the message to the user by using GSM model.
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