New and Emerging HVAC Technologies Rod Rhoads, GDS Associates Dave McCullaugh, Mitsubishi Electric Trane HVAC US Dave Binz, Cambridge Engineering
Rod Rhoads, Leidos
Custom for non standard projects» Custom applications are projects with no standard measures» Allies / Energy Advisors help most often with these projects» NEEDS PRE-APPROVAL» Gather supporting data to help prove savings» Case studies for this type of project?» More data to support will provide faster approval» Read applications criteria (answers to many questions)» In the process of picking venders/ally ask if will help with incentives» The least expensive bid may not be when adding up incentives not received!
HVAC related incentives & Process» HVAC standard application measures» Should get pre-approval over $10,000 expected incentive» Fill out the application pages before purchasing $$$ don t miss out» Ask allies and the Energy Advisor for help if you have a question» Don t forget: Boilers 93% or higher, Furnace 94% or higher, AC or HP, Smart Stats, VFDs on fans/pumps, Tune-ups boilers & AC, PTAC incentives
Advanced HVAC Technologies David McCullaugh Mitsubishi Electric Trane HVAC
Variable Refrigerant Flow Technology
What is VRF? Water Source Heat Pump VAV system PTAC Rooftop Units VRF Variable Refrigerant Flow Furnace split systems
Innovation Simultaneous Cooling and Heating
VRF Components Outdoor Units Branch Circuit (BC) Controller Indoor Units Controllers Control compressor speed Control condenser fan speed Regulate refrigerant pressure to maximize capacity and efficiency Separates refrigerant into gas and liquid Ensure units in heating receive superheated gas Ensure units in cooling receive sub-cooled liquid Contain a Linear Expansion Valve (LEV) that automatically modulates Control the amount of refrigerant through the heat exchanger Filter and distribute air Integrates sequence of operation Takes input from the user and provides feedback to the system
Reasons to Consider a VRF Sytem
VRF Advantages» Quiet Operation» Requires less space» Modern Controls» Lower Downtime» Less Maintenance» Consistant Comfort» Energy Efficiency LEED Points
Energy Efficiency - INVERTER Technology High starting current results in energy loss On/off cycling results in temp fluctuations and lower efficiency Additional strain on system Noisier 150Hz 60Hz 30Hz ON 0Hz INVERTER compressor Conventional compressor Starts current at lower level Ramps up to high rotation for faster heating/cooling Throttles back to maintain temperature Energy efficient and quieter
APPLICATIONS
Basic System (1 to 1) Condensing Unit Indoor Unit Refrigerant Piping Common Uses Individual room School office Server room Additions Problem areas
Commercial System Heat Pump with Heat Recovery Condensing Unit Indoor Units Simultaneous Cooling Branch Circuit Controller Heating Refrigerant Piping Up to 50 indoor units per system
Commercial System Heat Pump with Heat Recovery Condensing Unit Indoor Units Simultaneous Cooling Branch Circuit Controller Heating Refrigerant Piping Up to 50 indoor units per system Geothermal System or Cooling Tower
Commercial Systems Applications Multi-family Senior living centers Schools Student housing Hotels Offices Medical facilities Restaurants Churches Retail spaces Special Applications
How new is this technology?» Proven technology has been around since 1982» Major improvements in equipment design» Major improvements in heating capabilities 90% VRF Japan 7.2M Systems 81% VRF Europe 7.6M Systems 86% VRF China 16.7M Systems
The Final Efficiency Frontier High Efficiency Heating & Ventilation Dave Binz Cambridge Engineering
The Secret to High Performance Space Heating in High Bay Buildings
Introductions» Dave Binz Cambridge Engineering Director of Engineering Chesterfield, MO
Cambridge Engineering, Inc. A Leader in Energy Efficient Heating & Ventilation Technologies
Trend #1 - Ventilation
Trend #2 - Energy
What is HTHV?» High-Temperature Heating & Ventilation units 100% Outside Air, Direct-Fired Heater Greater than 140 degree temp rise Greater than 150 degree discharge temp Fully Modulating Temperature Controls to meet both ventilation & space heating requirements
History of HTHV: 100% OA Direct Fired Technologies» CEI introduced S line in 1990 s» 160 F discharge temperature achieved» Transformed heat only, non-ducted market (Warehouse/Distribution/Manufacturing) Reason #1 40% Lower Install $ Reason #2 40-70% Less Energy Reason #3 Free Ventilation (IEQ)
Overview of HTHV Technology
100% OA Direct Fired No Heat Exchanger - No Flue Losses - 92% thermal /100% combustion Efficient Draw Thru Blower in hot air stream 120 F max discharge HTHV / (Blow Thru ) Blower in cold air stream 160 F max discharge
Key HTHV Education Points Inherent Safety (IAQ) Lowest Installed Cost Energy Efficiency
POINT # 1 Inherent Safety (IAQ)
Codes/Standards» IMC (International Mechanical Code) and IFGC (International Fuel Gas Code) - Non re-circulating direct-fired heaters shall be listed to ANSI Z83.4 (Harmonized US/Canada) - ANSI Z83.4 100% Outside Air Technologies <5 ppm CO - Industrial & Commercial Occupancies - Permitted as Ventilation and/or Heating Devices for these Buildings - Not to be used in residential applications or to supply any area containing sleeping quarters.
Inherently Safer Design» Reason #1 Adequate Ventilation is the Key.» Reason #2 Single Blower delivers both Ventilation and combustion air» Reason #3 Triplicate engineering controls in ANSI Z83.4 to insure ventilation.» Reason #4 Failsafe - Even if all 3 ventilation engineering controls fail, the systems can t build up products of combustion.
POINT # 2 Inherent Safety (IAQ) Energy Efficiency
Technology Demonstration Using a Department of Energy Field Study
Better Buildings Alliance The Better Buildings Alliance is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) effort to promote energy efficiency in U.S. commercial buildings through collaboration with building owners, operators, and managers. Members are committed to addressing energy efficiency needs in their buildings by: o Setting energy savings goals, o Deploying innovative energy efficiency resources, and o Adopting cost-effective technologies and market practices.
The DOE Study Indirect Fired - vs. HTHV Direct Fired Technology Indirect-Fired Unit Heater 100% Outside Air, HTHV Direct-Fired Heater Recirculates indoor air, may use outside air for combustion Baseline efficiency >80% No ventilation airflow Neutral pressurization Only uses outside air for combustion, non-recirculating Baseline efficiency >92% Provides ventilation airflow Positive pressurization
Field Study Overview What Why How Where When Building Field study of advanced HTHV technology Provide independent verification of energy savings benefits Side-by-side comparison of new and existing heating technologies Bridgeton, MO 2013-2014 heating season (Oct Mar) 42,000 sq.ft. of warehouse w/ 24 ft. ceilings and 60 F thermostat setting
Technology Comparison» New units installed side-by-side to existing units and operated in alternating months» Existing Units 4 sets of standard efficiency unit heaters Existing» New Units (HTHV) 4 x 250,000 Btu/hr. Cambridge SA-Series HTHV units» On thermal efficiency alone, expectation of ~11% natural gas savings New
Monitoring Plan» WiFi thermostats w/ remote monitoring & control» Temperature loggers (5 & 24 ft. from floor)» Runtime loggers» Garage door state loggers
Energy Results (Gas)» Over the course of the 2013-2014 heating season, the new units reduced natural gas consumption by 20%. Greater than the ~11% savings predicted by thermal efficiency alone. Month HDD (Base 60 F) Utility Meter Values (Therms) Modeled RTU Consumption (Therms) Adjusted Utility Meter Values (Therms) Consumption per HDD (Therms/HDD) Existing Heaters (October & December) New Heaters (November & February/March) 965 2,338 311 2,027 2.10 1,501 3,005 497 2,508 1.67 % Savings 20%
De-stratification & Comfort How does HTHV address this?
De-stratification Technologies» HVLS Fan/Pear Fans/Zoo Fans Or» HTHV with Higher Velocity Discharge - 1500 FPM 67 F Sweeps & Induces Stratified Ceiling Heat 10:1 Induction Ratio 65 F Low Velocity High Volume Air
Temperature Distribution» More Even Temperature Distribution» Destratification Energy Benefits
Results Summary» Field study successfully demonstrated this high-efficiency technology Natural gas savings of 20% Source energy savings of 15% Total Utility cost savings of 15% Improved temperature distribution
Proven Performance 400+ Energy Building Studies (with Utility Bills)
Point # 3 Inherent Safety (IAQ) Energy Efficiency
Massive Value for the Money 6 x High Efficiency Unit Heaters High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fans 1 X 1600 MBH (HTHV) Heated Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems (DOAS)
Applications» Greenhouses» Fire Houses» Warehouses» Automobile Service Centers» Boat Storage/Marinas» Retail» Restaurants» ANY COMMERCIAL SPACE without Central Heating System
Recommended Next Steps» Consider HTHV technologies for high-bay applications Space heating Ventilation Destratification
Questions» Dave Binz» 800-899-1989» www.cambridge-eng.com» dbinz@cambridge-eng.com» LinkedIn/davebinz
QUESTIONS?
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