ANG KALAGAYAN NG ILOG ANGAT AT YAMANG TUBIGAN NG BULAKAN Dr Leonora C. Angeles UBC School of Community and Regional Planning At Mga Mag-aaral ng Bulacan State University at University of British Columbia November 27, 2014 Planning Workshop with Provincial and Municipal Governments, Hiyas ng Bulakan Convention Centre, Malolos City
Angat River Basin Metro Manila s main municipal water source Irrigates farmland in Bulacan & Pampanga Produces 10% of the nation s hydroelectricity Flood control for downstream municipalities Domestic & industrial uses for bordering municipalities Prime socioeconomic importance (Bulacan, Luzon, Philippines )
State of Angat Environmental degradation Resource depletion Extreme climate events Increasing domestic, commercial and industrial water & hydroelectricity demands
Informal Settlements Around the River
Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State University, 2014.
Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State University, 2014. Figure 9: General Land Use Map 1997 Riverfront Barangays
Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State
Source: Provincial Physical Framework Plan Provincial Government of Bulacan, cited in Rellie Legaspi, Land Use Patterns and Climate Related Risks in Angat River Municipalities, the Case of Plaridel and Pulilan, Masters in Public Administration Thesis, Bulacan State University, 2014. Figure 8: River Distance Zone Map
Livelihoods Pansakahan at Pangisdaan
Quarrying, Trosohan at Minahan
Recreational Use - Turismo
Domestic Use Paliguan, Labahan
Solid and Waste Water Disposal Tapunan ng Basura at Waste Water
Hydro-electric Power
Basin-Wide Issues Multiple jurisdictional bodies with competing, overlapping & contradictory roles and responsibilities Resources & power widely distributed Lack of institutional mechanisms for coordination Asymmetries between watershed, problem-shed & policy-shed Result: Collective Action difficult = tragedy of the commons
Collaborative Governance & Institutional Design Alternatives for the Angat River Basin: Anu-ano ang ating alternatibo? Anu-ano ang ating gabayang pambatas, pambansa at panginternational? Dr Francisco A. Magno Director, Robredo Institute of Governance, De La Salle University
Integrated Water Resource Management (Magkakatugmang Pamamahala ng Ating Katubigan) Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximise economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems. (Global Water Partnership, 2014)
Water governance is putting IWRM into practice (World Water Council 2003). We face a governance crisis, rather than a water crisis. (World Water Council 2003).
Sama-samang Pamamahala (Collaborative Governance) A governing arrangement where one or more public agencies directly engage non-state stakeholders in a collective decision-making process that is formal, consensus-oriented, and deliberative and that aims to make or implement public policy or manage public programs or assets. - Ansell & Gash, 2008
Mga Benepisyo (Benefits) Sources of Knowledge Awareness.. Involvement Buy-In (Enforcement, Compliance) Effective Coordination Creative, Diverse Resilient Solutions Levels of Implementation Monitoring $ (Long-Term) Sustainable: Social, Economic & Environmental Outcomes Flexibility, Adaptability and Resilience
Mga Pangangailangan (Requirements) Funding Time Cooperation & Co-ordination Trust Shared Understanding Commitment Incentives to Participate Decentralized Management Power & resources (imbalances) Strong Leadership Environmental Representation
Paglikha ng River Basin Organization sa Angat (Creating an RBO for Angat)
Proposed stakeholders Leading Agencies: Provincial Government of Bulacan Provincial Planning and Development Office (PPDO) Environment and Natural Resource Office (BENRO)
NATIONAL NAPOCOR MWSS NIA DENR RBCO
REGIONAL NEDA-Region 3 DENR Region 3, Bulacan office RBC
PROVINCIAL Province of Bulacan Bulacan Provincial Government Governor s Office and Provincial Council BENRO PPDO Bulacan Special Task Force on Ancestral Domain (BSTFAD) Dumagat Provincial Consultative Body of Bulacan
LOCAL-MUNICIPAL Angat Baliwag Bustos Dona Remedios Trinidad Norzagaray Pulilan Calumpit San Rafael Plaridel Paombong Hagonoy
Angat San Rafael Bustos LOCAL-BARANGAY Niugan Donacion Taboc Sulucan Marungko Santo Cristo Laog Banaba Binagbag Baybay Tambubong Caingin Pantubig Lico Poblacion Libis Talacsan Moronquillo Pulo Tibagan Tanawan Bonga Mayor Poblacion San Pedro Cambaog
Pulilan Plaridel Calumpit Hagonoy LOCAL-BARANGAY Dampol 2 nd -A Dampol 2 nd -B Tibag, Dampol 1 st Lumbac Poblacion Paltao Longos Santo Cristo, Taal Rueda Dampol Sipat Lumangbayan Agnaya Poblacion Parulan Calianin Banga 1 st Banga 2 nd Iba Este Ibe O Este Caniogan Santo Nino Corazon Sucol Poblacion Calizon Bulusan Santa Lucia Meyto Pugad Tibaguin Santa Elena San Pablo San Pedro Abulalas Carillo
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Dumagat peoples
NGOs Dangal ng Bulakan Foundation EcoWaste Coalition Sagip Sierra Madre Environmental Society Inc (SSMERSI) Diocese Ecological and Environmental Program Earth Lovers Volunteer (ELV) Global Water Partnership Philippine Watershed Management Coalition Green Peace (NAPACOR) Haribon (NAPACOR) Sagip Sierra Madre (NAPACOR) Farmer cooperatives Fisherfolk cooperatives
PRIVATE SECTOR Food processing Mining Cement processing Marble processing Pyrotechnics Garment making
Religious Groups
Donors
UNIVERSITIES Bulacan State University De La Salle University
Potential Functions Legislation (creation & enforcement) Policy Planning Financing Project implementation Maintenance and operations Information collection & dissemination (advocacy) Stakeholders engagement & coordination Cultural preservation Conflict resolution Capacity building Sustainable Development DRRM & CCA
Enabling Legislation 1991 Local Government Code (LGC) Section 35 Section 36 Philippine Agenda 21 Memoranda Order No. 399/1996 Memoranda Order No. 47/1999 2011 Revised Environmental Code of Bulacan Resolution No. 186-S 11
Where can we draw inspiration from? Developed Nations USA Canada Australia Europe Developing Nations Mekong River Brazil Mexico Others
Where can we draw inspiration from? - Philippines Iloilo Watershed Management Council (IWMC) Tigum-Aganan Watershed Management Board Laguna Lake Development Authority Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission Cagayan De Oro River Basin Management Council (CDORBMC) Lake Lanao Watershed Protection and Development Councils Bicol River Basin PMO Cotabato-Agusan River Basin Development PMO Cagayan River PMO Manila Bay River Basin Coordinating Committee Mindanao River Basin Task Force
THANK YOU
TALAKAYAN NG MGA MUNICIPAL MAYORS AT MUNICIPAL STAFF Cluster 1 - Dona Remedios Trinidad, Norzagaray, Cluster 2 - Angat, San Rafael Cluster 3 - Bustos, Baliwag Cluster 4 - Plaridel, Pulilan Cluster 5 - Calumpit, Hagonoy, Paombong
Katanungan (Guide Questions): Anong porma o struktura ng sama-samang pamamahala at kooperasyon ng mga Munisipyo ang kailangan para sa pangangalaga ng Ilog Angat? (What interjurisdictional collaborative governance framework is most appropriate for Angat River and its tributaries in Bulacan?) Anu-anong papel at responsibilidad and nararapat para sa Pamahalaang Probinsiyal, Munisipal at Barangay sa ganitong porma at struktura? (What are the appropriate roles and responsibilities for the Provincial, Municipal and Barangay Governments in such a framework?)