International linkages in e-waste management Enhancing WEEE Management at the Global Level 2. European Resources Conference @ IFAT 2018, 16 May 2018 Ellen Gunsilius, GIZ Seite 1
Structure 1. Main challenges and opportunities in low- and middle income countries 2. BMZ priorities on e-waste management 3. Examples from German international cooperation 4. International linkages in e-waste management and ideas for enhancing international cooperation Seite 2
Main Challenges in low- and middle income countries Economic growth, changing production / consumption patterns driving demand for new electric and electronic equipment Improved energy supply in rural areas and digitisation and automation of industry Low- and middle income countries often do not have effective legislation for e-waste management in place They lack appropriate recycling facilities; informal sector takes over collection and recycling Seite 3
Main Challenges Informal sector strength and weaknesses Strength Weaknesses Effective collection rates Repairing or dismantling of discarded electronic appliances, sale of materials is an important source of income for the informal sector Cherry-picking Current recycling practice is ineffective and results in a loss of valuable resources Heavy environmental pollution endangering health of population, ecosystems and climate Seite 4
Opportunities: From Linear to Circular Economy Labour intensive pre-processing can increase recovery rates of valuable materials from e-waste such as gold and rare earth metals that are vital for future technologies Improved recovery of metals from e-waste reduces pressure on primary resources. Secondary raw materials from e-waste help to cope with uncertainties in supply chains and volatile costs. Seite 5
BMZ Priorities Position paper on e-waste 2017 Sustainable E-Waste Management $ Establish regulations and standards for environmentally and socially sound recycling of e-waste Inclusive business models for improved resource recovery Assuming responsibility, transferring knowledge, creating awareness Fostering sustainable financing and incentive schemes Seite 6
BMZ Priorities Establish regulations and standards for environmentally and socially sound recycling of e-waste 1. Development and implementation of regulations to enable compliance with environmental and social standards Legislative framework and reliable enforcement mechanisms Providing capacity building to enforcement agencies Multi stakeholder and multi level (national/local) approach 2. Pay special attention to toxic components Special capacity building efforts and awareness raising measures for certain products: refrigeration and air conditioning units, CRT monitors, appliances containing mercury etc. Seite 7
BMZ Priorities Promoting inclusive business models for improved resource recovery 1. Involving the informal sector in e-waste management 2. Setting up national and local recycling structures 3. Fostering international business partnerships Seite 8
BMZ Priorities Assuming responsibility, transferring knowledge, creating awareness 1. Dialogue and awareness raising among policymakers, industry and consumers 2. Support monitoring of international flows of electronic devices and electronic waste 3. Utilising the opportunities offered by new digital technologies Seite 9
BMZ Priorities Fostering sustainable financing and incentive schemes 1. Introduction of incentives to channel e-waste to controlled recycling facilities 2. Getting business on board for sustainable e-waste management in emerging and developing countries, working in partnership with manufacturers and recycling industry 3. Promoting mechanisms for Extended Producer Responsibility (including setup of national registers, producer responsibility organizations, financing mechanisms) $ Seite 10
Examples from German international cooperation Programme on Sustainable E-Waste Management in Ghana Technical cooperation: Policy advice, development of business models, support to informal sector Financial cooperation: Incentive and take-back system for E-Waste Piloting incentive and collection scheme for fridges under partnership between Ghana and North Rhine- Westphalia Seite 11
Examples from German international cooperation Supporting member countries of the East African Communications Organisation on review of policies/ laws Promoting informal-formal partnership models (experiences from India and dissemination over global network StEP - Solving the e-waste problem) E-Waste Academy (EWAM) with United Nations University (East Africa 11/2017, Asia 05/2018) Business Boot Camp / Training for Recyclers in 09/2018. Person in Port Project (Nigeria 2017) Seite 12
Person-in-port findings on international shipments (Nigeria) 66,5 % of UEEE were not declared Around 19% of the tested devices (in containers) were non-functional 69% of UEEE arrived with Roll-on-Rolloff-vehicles, Germany having the highest share (20% of all imported) UEEE are not (yet) WEEE Inspections in countries of origin should be intensified Collaboration on import monitoring and registration useful Seite 13
Person-in-port findings on international shipments (Nigeria) Seite 14
International linkages and ideas for strengthened international collaboration Exports of e-waste and used equipment => Research projects and collaboration between monitoring and control authorities on imports and exports Repairability and recyclability of products => International standards for durability and repairability => International support to upgrading repair shops/ recyclers Not every country can / should have all recycling facilities => Recycling partnerships at regional and global level => partnerships for tackling historic and problematic fractions (e.g. CRTs, mercury-containing devices etc.) Seite 15
Thank you very much for your attention Ellen Gunsilius Senior Advisor Concepts for sustainable Solid Waste management Division Climate Change, Environment & Infrastructure Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH 65726 Eschborn E Ellen.Gunsilius@giz.de I https://www.giz.de/expertise/html/3378.html Präsentationstitel hier eintragen Seite 16