Soundscape Ecology and Soundscape Monitoring Yu-Huang Wang 1, Eric Yen 2, Guan-Shuo Mai 3, Sheng-Shan Lu 1, Chau-Chin Lin 1, Simon Lin 2 1 Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica 2 Academia Sinica Grid Computing Center 3 Taiwan Forestry Research Institute 4 th -5 th Nov. 2015, Biodiversity Informatics Conference Naning, Guanxi, China
Soundscape Ecology New challenging research field in landscape ecology The World Soundscape Project in 1970s http://www.sfu.ca/~truax/wsp.html Landmark papers Pijanowski, B. C., et al. (2011). Soundscape Ecology: The Science of Sound in the Landscape. BioScience, 61(3), 203 216. doi:10.1525/bio.2011.61.3.6 Pijanowski, B. C., Farina, A., Gage, S. H., Dumyahn, S. L., & Krause, B. L. (2011). What is soundscape ecology? An introduction and overview of an emerging new science. Landscape Ecology, 26(9), 1213 1232. doi:10.1007/s10980-011-9600-8 Truax, B., & Barrett, G. W. (2011). Soundscape in a context of acoustic and landscape ecology. Landscape Ecology, 26(9), 1201 1207. doi:10.1007/s10980-011-9644-9 Recent special issues in three journals 2011 Landscape Ecology Special Issue Soundscape Ecology http://link.springer.com/journal/10980/26/9/page/1 2013 Applied Acoustics Special Issue Applied Soundscapes : Recent Advances in Soundscape Research http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0003682x/74/2 2014 Ecological Informatics Special Issue Ecological Acoustics http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/15749541/21/supp/c The new textbook Farina, A. (2014). Soundscape Ecology: Principles, Patterns, Methods and Applications (p. 315). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7374-5
Data Issues on Soundscape Ecology Big Data Data volume for one site soundscape recording in one year: (16 bits * 44.1 KHz * 2 channels * 60 seconds * 5 minutes * 2 / hour * 24 hours * 365 days/hours) / (8 bits/byte ) * 10-6 = 927 GB ~ 1 TB Many sites and many countries in long term:??? PB??? ZB How to manage, share, and utilize? Big Science Hampton, S. E., et al. (2013). Big data and the future of ecology. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11(3), 156 162. doi:10.1890/120103 Towsey, M., Parsons, S., & Sueur, J. (2014). Ecology and acoustics at a large scale. Ecological Informatics, 21, 1 3. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.02.002
2014 Asian Soundscape Workshop Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam Sharing experiences and having consensus on open data Developing a soundscape monitoring protocol for Asia Collaboration on long-term joint monitoring of Asian soundscape Creating Big Open Linked Data (BOLD) environment Fostering soundscape research, conservation, education in Asia Initiating Soundscape Alliance in Asia
Asian Soundscape http://soundscape.twgrid.org 2014/11/17-20 Asian Soundscape Workshop, Lienhuachih Research Center, TFRI, Taiwan
Exploring soundscape by date and time of different sites
Browsing soundscape by map
Forest soundscape in Sanyi Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
Listening to and browsing metadata of a soundscape recording
Exploring the components of soundscape by spectrogram Biophone: bird song Anthrophone: traffic
Selecting range of frequency band and identifying soundscape components
Comparing soundscape from different sites
Forest soundscape from Taiwan, Vietnam, and Thailand
Analyzing Soundscape Computing 5 soundscape indices in R Data: 123 WAV files (51 MB each, 6GB in total) CPU: Intel Xeon 2.0GHz 6 Cores x 2 (20 threads used for computing; 88% used) Memory: 24GB (87% used) Time: 3,140.45 seconds
Challenges of the long-term soundscape monitoring for the GRIDs Demands on high speed internet for uploading acoustic data as well as distributed high volume storage and powerful computing for everincreasing soundscape data Establishing partnership between soundscape ecologists and GRID center in each country for long-term archiving, sharing, and using the World soundscape big data Interdisciplinary collaboration and innovations for developing applications on visualizing and analyzing soundscape big data to inform public, decision, and policy on natural soundscape conservation
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