East Malling Rootstock Club Felicidad Fernández AHDB Tree Fruit Day 22 Feb 2018
EM Rootstock Club TF224 Follows on from the century-old R/S development work at EM and the breeding from the A&PBC Partnership between INN and AHDB horticulture (2008 2020)
EM Rootstock Club TF224 Current project runs 2015 2020 Objectives: Breed and select improved rootstocks for apple and pear Trial our own selections and material from other programmes It replaces and continues two previous projects: Rootstock breeding (2008 2015) TF182 On-going rootstock trials TF172a&b Works closely with AHDB- and BBSRC-funded research on apple canker
Breeding objectives Develop new dwarfing and semi-dwarfing stocks for apple & pear increased precocity and productivity improved scion-graft compatibility, in particular for pear increased fire-blight and/or woolly apple aphid resistance enhanced tolerance to replant disease enhanced tolerance to P. cactorum good nursery performance
Current breeding cycle: Choose parent(s) & Controlled crossing (Year 0) Raise seedling populations & plant out (Y1) Bud with a common scion incl. control cvs (Y2) Evaluate in the field (Y5 Y7): vigour, crop load, suckering Multiplication for replicated trials (Y8 Y10)» Evaluate susceptibility to pest and disease
Current breeding cycle: INN NIAB EMR Choose parent(s) & Controlled crossing (Year 0) Raise seedling populations & plant out (Y1) Bud with a common scion incl. control cvs (Y2) Evaluate in the field (Y5 Y7): vigour, crop load, suckering Multiplication for replicated trials (Y8 Y10): pest and disease resistance Preliminary trials (Y10 Y17): 1 scion, size, yield efficiency, fruit size Bulking up & multisite trials (Y15 Y30): nursery performance, range of scions & locations Virus indexing & mother trees (Y20 onwards) IP protection & commercial release (Y25 Y35)
Future breeding cycle? Choose parent(s) & controlled crossing (Year 0) Raise seedling populations, marker & phenotype screening and early de-selection for P&D resistance (Y1) FB (markers) WAA (markers +/- inoculation) P. cactorum (markers? PhD 2018) Multiplication for replicated preliminary trials (Y2 Y4) Propagation traits & graft compatibility Preliminary trials (Y5 Y12) larger numbers in testing: vigour, yield Bulking up & multisite trials (Y10 ) improved statistical analysis?
Trials at East Malling - Apple First stage: RF185 (planted 2012 but not promising) Second stage: EE207 (planted in 2010) VF224 (planted in 2010) SC250 (planted in 2014) Eufrin trial (planted in 2017) Trials in bold are expected to be terminated and grubbed in the next few months.
Stage 1 trial RF185 Planted 2012 Four NIAB-EMR rootstock selections : M306-6 M306-20 Woolly apple aphid susceptible M306-79 No major FB resistance M306-189 Standards MM106, M9 and M116 Royal Gala under conventional orchard management
Vigour
Yield
Yield efficiency No significant effect of rootstock on yield efficiency
New Stage 1 trial 2018 DNA verified prior to planting (ongoing) Pest and disease screening: WAA (inoculation)- 2014 2016 FB (markers) ongoing P. cactorum (2018-19) 12 14 selections will be included 6 reps available for most selections
Second stage apple trial (EE207) Planted 2010 Five NIAB-EMR rootstock selections : AR852-3 AR839-9 B24 R104 R59 Standards M27, M9 and M26 Royal Gala & Braeburn under conventional orchard management
Vigour
2017 - Yield a a ab ab ab abc ab abc ab bc c c The p-value for rootstock effect was <0.001 for both fruit weight and number No significant interaction between rootstock and scion abc bc bc c
Yield efficiency No significant effect of rootstock on yield efficiency
Cumulative Yield
Second stage apple trial (VF224) Planted 2010 Four NIAB-EMR rootstock selections : AR10-3-9 AR809-3 AR835-11 R80 Standards M116 & M106 Red Falstaff under organic orchard management
Yield and Yield efficiency 2017 a ab ab ab ab b Significant effect of rootstock on total fruit yield and total number of fruits per tree(p<0.05) No significant effect of rootstock on yield efficiency
Vigour and Cumulative Yield Significant effect of rootstock on both tree volume and girth (p<0.001)
Information from INN and partners 2-6 trials per selection (multiple sites, multiple scions) Evaluation on replant sites
INN and EUFRIN trials AR10-3-9 AR295-6 AR486-1 AR628-2 AR680-2 AR835-11 Planted 2017 Includes 6 (of 18) are EM selections Not all R/S are at all sites
Summary tables Annual report (2017-18) Trial (s) INN INN Genotype AR10-2-5 AR10-3-9 AR69-7 AR86-1-20 INN AR120-242 AR360-19 INN AR295-6 AR440-1 INN AR486-1 AR628-2 INN AR680-2 AR682-6 AR801-11 VF224 AR809-3 VF224/INN AR835-11 INN AR837-19 EE207/INN AR839-9 EE207 AR852-3 EE207 B24 EE207 R104 EE207 R59 VF224 R80 (HDC) VF224 M.116 VF224 M.M.106 EE207 M.9 EE207 M.26 EE207 M.27 Parentage Vigour Productivity WAA response FB Susceptibility M.27 x M.M.106 < M.9 < M.9 Re-test 2018 M.27 x M.M.106 > M.116 > M.116 Susceptible AR10-2-6 op Susceptible M.M.106 x M.27 ~ M.116 ~ M.116 Resistant? M.27 x M.M.106 ~ Cepiland > Cepiland Susceptible M.9 x M.27 Susceptible R.5 x Ottawa 3 ~ > M.9 Similar / > M.9 Susceptible M.25 x M.27 Susceptible? - 2018 Ottawa 3 x M.7 Susceptible Ottawa 3 x M.M.106 Test 2018 M.26 x M.27 ~10% < Cepiland > Size & > Yield Susceptible M.26 x MI.793 Resistant M.26 x M.9 Susceptible? - 2018 R.80 x M.26 Susceptible MI.793 x M.9 ~ 25% > Cepiland ~ 25% > Cepiland Test 2018 M.3 x M.1 ~ Cepiland ~ Cepiland Susceptible M.7 x M.27 ~ 50% > Cepiland Good Yield & Size Susceptible AR362-16 o.p. Test 2018 AR10-2-5 x AR86-1-22 Resistant AR134-31 x AR86-1-22 Resistant AR134-31 x AR86-1-22 Re-test 2018? Re-test 2018 M.M.106 x M.27 Resistant Northern Spy x M.1 Resistant Susceptible M.9 x M.13 High High - Canker* P. cactorum Propagation Fully susceptible Susceptible? V. susceptible (field) Intermediate-Susceptible Very high Intermediate-Susceptible Very low High Medium Intermediate-Susceptible High Fully susceptible High Fully susceptible Medium/High? Medium/High? Fully susceptible High Inconclusive Low Low/Medium? Low High? Intermediate-Susceptible Medium/High? Intermediate-Tolerant Inconclusive High? Fully susceptible Resistant? High? Medium/High? (High) Fully susceptible (High) Susceptible Fully susceptible Very poor Decision De-selected
East Malling Rootstock Club Felicidad Fernández AHDB Tree Fruit Day 22 Feb 2018