UNIQUE OLLEGE OF OMPUTER SIENES General ertificate of Education Ordinary Level PHYSIS Paper 1 Multiple hoice lass II2 III2 995054/11 January 2011 91 hour dditional Materials: Multiple hoice nswer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type or H is recommended) RE THESE INSTRUTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. o not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, entre number and candidate number on the nswer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. nswer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers,, and. hoose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate nswer Sheet. Read the instructions on the nswer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. ny rough working should be done in this booklet. This document consists of 14 printed pages.
1 2 The diagram shows a mercury-in-glass thermometer. The distance between the 10 and the 110 markings is 25 cm. 15 cm 10 110 25 cm t which temperature is the end of the mercury thread 15 cm from the 10 mark? 50 60 62 72 2 What is the definition of heat capacity? the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of an object through 1 the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance through 1 the quantity of heat required to convert an object from solid to liquid without a change in temperature the quantity of heat required to change 1 kg of a substance from solid to liquid without a change in temperature 3 liquid-in-glass thermometer consists of a bulb containing a liquid. The liquid can expand into a very thin capillary tube. 4 bulb capillary tube The liquid in the thermometer is replaced by another liquid that expands more for the same temperature rise. The new thermometer will have greater sensitivity and greater range. the same sensitivity and the same range. greater sensitivity but less range. the same sensitivity but greater range. Four mercury-in-glass thermometers are made with different dimensions. length Which will have the greatest sensitivity? bore 10 cm long and bore 0.75 mm wide 25 cm long and bore 0.10 mm wide 15 cm long and bore 0.50 mm wide 30 cm long and bore 0.25 mm wide
5 3 thermocouple thermometer uses a voltmeter to measure the e.m.f. generated between two junctions. The junctions are at temperatures t 1 and t 2. To calibrate the thermometer, fixed points are needed. V t 1 t 2 What are the values of t 1 and t 2 when the thermometer is calibrated at the steam point? t 1 t 2 0 º 0 º 0 º 100 º 25 º 0 º 25 º 125 º 6 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. 0 2.0 cm 22.0 cm 0 100 liquid column t 0, the length of the liquid column is 2.0 cm. t 100, the length of the liquid column is 22.0 cm. What is the length of the liquid column at 40? 6.0 cm 8.0 cm 8.8 cm 10.0 cm 7 Fillings in teeth should be made from a material which expands more than the tooth when heated. expands by the same amount as the tooth when heated. expands less than the tooth when heated. does not expand when heated.
8 glass jug is designed so that it does not break when boiling water is poured into it. What sort of glass should be used? 4 thickness expansion thick expands greatly when heated thick expands little when heated thin expands greatly when heated thin expands little when heated 9 person cannot unscrew the lid of a pot of jam. He finds that the lid can be unscrewed after it has been held under hot, running water for a few seconds. Why is this? The air pressure in the jar falls. The jam melts. 10 The glass expands. The lid expands. n axle is too large to fit into the hole in a wheel that is made of the same metal. How can the axle be made to fit into the hole? by cooling the axle alone by cooling both the axle and the wheel by cooling the wheel alone by heating both the axle and the wheel
11 t regular intervals along a railway line there is a gap between the rail sections. 5 rail sections sleeper gap What is the reason for the gap between the rail sections? to allow for expansion of the rail sections during hot weather to allow for vibrations of the rail sections as the train passes over them to allow rain water to drain from the rail sections 12 to keep the wheels of the train and carriages on the rail sections bimetallic strip made from brass and iron is used as a thermostat. brass iron When the strip is heated, the brass expands more than the iron. Which shape will the strip become?
13 Which of the following contains the molecules with the highest average speed? 6 14 liquid is heated. ice cube at 10 water at room temperature wood at room temperature steam at 110 Which statement is incorrect? The molecules expand. The molecules gain energy. The molecules move further apart. 15 The molecules move faster. What describes the molecular structure of a liquid? distance between the molecules motion of the molecules strength of forces between the molecules close together stationary very strong close together random fairly strong far apart stationary fairly strong far apart random weak 16 substance consists of particles that are close together and moving past each other at random. The average speed of the particles is gradually increasing. What best describes the substance? a gas being heated a liquid being heated a solid being heated a solid being melted
17 7 substance that is originally a solid is heated strongly for some time. t one stage, the energy given to the substance is used as latent heat of vaporisation. t this stage, what change does the energy cause? It breaks the bonds holding the molecules together. Molecules escape from the liquid. It breaks the bonds holding the molecules together. The solid becomes liquid. It makes the molecules move faster but there is still a strong attraction between them. 18 It makes the molecules move faster and so the temperature rises. What happens when a metal bar is heated? The distance between the molecules increases, making the bar longer. The molecules get larger, making the bar longer. The molecules vibrate more quickly, making the bar denser. The speed of the molecules increases, making the bar thinner. 19 20 21 block of metal has a mass of 2.0 kg. Its specific heat capacity is 800 J / (kg ). The block is supplied with 2400 J of energy. What is the rise in temperature? 0.17 0.67 1.5 6.0 Using an electric kettle, 100 g of water at 100 is converted into steam at 100 in 300 seconds. The specific latent heat of steam is 2250 J / g. What is the average electrical power used? 2250 W 300 100 300 2250 W 100 100 2250 W 100 300 2250 W 300 2 kw kettle containing boiling water is placed on a balance. It is left there and continues to boil for 5 minutes. The balance reading changes by 0.2 kg. What does this information give as a value for the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water? 2000 J / kg 3000 J / kg 50 000 J / kg 3 000 000 J / kg
22 n ice-cube has of mass of 7.50 g. The ice-cube is at 0. 8 Heat from the surroundings reaches the ice-cube at an average rate of 1.25J / s. How long does it take for all of the ice to melt? (specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 333J / g) 35.5 s 55.5 s 2000 s 3120 s 23 What is the definition of heat capacity? the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of an object through 1 the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance through 1 the quantity of heat required to convert an object from solid to liquid without a change in temperature 24 the quantity of heat required to change 1 kg of a substance from solid to liquid without a change in temperature The diagram shows a cross-section through a rain-water puddle formed in a shallow depression in a road surface. puddle road surface shallow depression Over a period of time, the air temperature, wind speed and wind direction all remain constant. What happens to the rate of evaporation of water from the puddle? It decreases, because the surface area decreases. It increases, because the puddle gets shallower. It increases, because the surface area decreases. 25 It remains constant. Which factors increase the rate of evaporation of a liquid? increasing its temperature increasing its surface area increasing its depth yes yes yes yes yes no yes no yes no yes yes
26 9 The diagrams show four cans in a cool room. They are painted as shown. One pair is filled with hot water and left to cool down. The other pair is filled with cold water and placed near infra-red heaters. infra-red heaters white black white black hot water cold water The hot water in the black can cools more quickly than the hot water in the white can. The cold water in the black can heats up more quickly than the cold water in the white can. Which row shows the reasons for this? better emitter of infra-red better absorber of infra-red black black black white white black 27 white white student needs a double-walled glass vessel to contain a hot liquid. Q R S hot liquid space air outside glass walls What reduces heat losses by radiation? a vacuum in the space between the walls painting surface Q black painting surface R black painting surface S silver
28 29 10 The earliest Ford cars were always painted black. This was because black paint dried more quickly than lighter colours when the cars were left in the sun to dry. Which property of black paint makes it dry more quickly? It is the best absorber of heat. It is the best insulator of heat. It is the best conductor of heat. It is the best reflector of heat. beaker of liquid is placed under a bell jar. The pressure of the air above the liquid is reduced and some of the liquid evaporates. This causes the liquid to become colder. air pumped out air bell jar beaker liquid 30 Why does the temperature of the liquid fall? The air molecules blow away the liquid molecules. The air molecules cool down the liquid. The higher energy molecules leave the liquid. There are fewer molecules of liquid in the beaker. The diagram shows four similar cans. Each can contains the same volume of water initially at 80. fter five minutes, which can will contain the coolest water? lid lid dull black polished silver dull black polished silver
31 Fibre is used for home insulation in a cold country, as shown in the diagram. 11 roof roof space fibre ceiling Heat cannot easily escape through the ceiling because the fibre traps air. is tightly packed. 32 is warm. heats the roof space. When a refrigerator is switched on for the first time, the air surrounding the ice-box is cooled. ice-box What happens to the density of this air and to its position inside the refrigerator? density position of the air decreases sinks to the bottom decreases stays at the top increases sinks to the bottom increases stays at the top
33 Which diagram shows an example of a longitudinal wave? light travelling from a lamp to a screen 12 lamp a spring pushed backwards and forwards lens screen a spring pushed up and down a water ripple caused by a dipper moving up and down dipper water 34 Which diagram correctly represents water waves travelling from deep water to shallow water? deep deep shallow shallow deep deep shallow shallow 35 Which characteristics describe an image formed by a plane mirror? real and inverted virtual and upright real and larger than the object virtual and smaller than the object
36 13 The diagrams show different views of a water wave in a ripple tank. P Q R S cross-section of wave Which letters represent a wavelength and a wavefront? crests seen from above wavelength wavefront P R P S Q R Q S 37 ripple tank is used to demonstrate refraction of plane water waves. deep water shallow water 9.6 cm / s 1.2 cm boundary 0.8 cm Waves in deep water have a wavelength of 1.2 cm and a speed of 9.6 cm / s. The wavelength of the waves in shallow water is 0.8 cm. What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water? 6.4 cm / s 8.0 cm / s 9.6 cm / s 14.4 cm / s
38 The diagram shows four rays of light from a lamp below the surface of some water. What is the critical angle for light in water? 14 air water lamp 39 student holds a sheet of paper with letters on it facing a plane mirror. The letters on the paper are shown. What does the student see in the mirror? 40 semi-circular block is made from a plastic. ray of light passes through it at the angles shown. 62 28 plastic air 45 45 To two decimal places, what is the refractive index of the plastic? 1.25 1.41 1.51 1.61